ROLE OF COMMUNICATION TOOLS IN THE PROMOTION OF MUSIC

Author(s):  
Mrs. Asha Khare

Hegel, a well-known scholar of Jammani, has placed music in the category of love arts. Indian music has been called the essence of all four languages. Music has been worshiped extensively in India and has been worshiped as Veena Vavadani. Sa vidya or liberation is music. In the divine period, the reins of music were in the hands of Brahmins. In this period, music flourished in religious atmosphere. Samudragupta was self-effacing. In this period, music began to develop in Rajashraya. Classical and folk music was also promoted. Kaval Das and Bhasa, the great poet and playwright of Sanskrit, wrote important texts in this period. The Rajputs were ruled after the Gupta period. Indian music, which was embedded in the thread of unity, began to be divided into two streams, the music of North India and the music of South India. Important texts of music were written. In the Muvassalam era, Sharangadee wrote a famous book of music called Sangeet Ratnakara. During this period, Amir Khusro brought a new verse in the field of music. The origins of the plants became popular for singing songs and singing ghazali. Bhagakat music was emphasized during the Mughal period. Dhrupad Dhamar singing was popular. The reign of Akbar in the Mughal period has been called the era of music. During this period, musicians and artists enjoyed royalty, and art greatly developed.

Author(s):  
Smita Sahastrabuddha

Music is the thread of life, without which, without being a part of life and mind, it remains joyless and seems dull. Music has such a divine power that even without understanding its meaning and words, every person feels a deep connection with him. "Music" attracts the mind to a fascinating learning. Even after not understanding the words of the song, people sing the song when they like the tune, because Indian music is an integral part of Indian culture and is a testimony to the lifestyle of the Indian residents. संगीत जीवन क¢ ताने-बाने का वह धागा है जिसक¢ बिना जीवन सत् अ©र चित् का अंश ह¨कर भी आनंद रहित रहता है तथा नीरस प्रतीत ह¨ेता है। संगीत में ऐसी दिव्य शक्ति है कि उसक¢ गीत क¢ अर्थ अ©र शब्द¨ं क¨ समझे बिना भी प्रत्येक व्यक्ति उससे गहरा सम्बन्ध महसूस करता है। ”संगीत“ एक चित्ताकर्शक विद्या ज¨ मन क¨ आकर्षित करती है। गीत क¢ शब्द न समझ पाने पर भी धुन पसंद आने पर ल¨ग उस गीत क¨ गाते हैं, क्य¨ंकि भारतीय संगीत-कला भारतीय संस्कृति का एक अभिन्न अंग है एवं भारत क¢ निवासिय¨ं की जीवनशैली का प्रमाण हैं।


2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
Chinthaka Prageeth Meddegoda

In Sri Lanka, the various groups of Tamils are jointly the largest minority group who migrated from different places of South India and in different time periods. South Indian music is widely appreciated and learnt by both the Sinhala including by large parts of the Tamil minority spread over Sri Lanka. Although a number of Sinhala people prefer and practice North Indian music geographically, and probably culturally, they are much closer to South India than to North India. Some historical sources report that Sinhalese are descendants of North Indians who are believed to be Aryans who migrated from Persia to the Northern part of India in the 13th century and later. Therefore, some scholarly authorities believe that the Sinhalese ‘naturally’ prefer North Indian music as they also continue the suggested Aryan heritage. Nevertheless, some other sources reveal that the North Indian music was spread in Sri Lanka during the British rule with the coming of the Parsi Theatre (Bombay theatre), which largely promoted Hindustani raga-based compositions. This paper explores selected literature and opinions of some interviewees and discusses what could be the reasons for preferences of North Indian music by the Sinhalese. The interviewees were chosen according to their professional profile and willingness to participate in this research. As a result, this paper will offer insights through analysing various opinions and statements made by a number of interviewees. The research also considered some theories which may relate to the case whether Hindustani classical music is due to these reasons a dominating minority culture or a rather self-imposed musical ideology. The latter would establish an aesthetic hierarchy, which is not reflected in the cultural reality of Sri Lanka. This is a new research scrutinizing a long-term situation of performing arts education in this country taking mainly interviews as a departing point.


Author(s):  
Gaurav Yadav

The first half of the twentieth century can be termed as the heyday of the scientific revolution, where some of the instruments were invented under the scientific inventions that accelerated the propagation of music. A scientific invention in the field of music in the early stages of communication means special importance, which revolutionized the world not only in the field of Indian music but it was the advent of radio. It was established in India in 1926 AD. In 1937, the name of the Indian State Broadcasting Service was changed to All India Radio. बीसवीं शताब्दी के पूर्वार्द्ध को वैज्ञानिक क्रांति के अभ्युदय का समय कहा जा सकता है, जहाँ वैज्ञानिक अविष्कारों के अंतर्गत कुछ ऐसे उपकरणों का अविष्कार हुआ जिन्होंने संगीत के प्रचार-प्रसार को तीव्रता प्रदान की। संचार साधनों के प्रारंभिक दौर में संगीत के क्षेत्र में एक वैज्ञानिक अविष्कार का विशेष महत्व है ,जिसने भारतीय संगीत के क्षेत्र में ही नहीं वरन् विश्व में क्रांति ला दी यह था रेडियो का आगमन। भारत में इसकी स्थापना सन् १९२७ ई. में हुई। सन् १९३६ ई. में इंडियन स्टेट ब्रॉडकास्टिंग सेवा का नाम बदलकर आकाशवाणी कर दिया गया।


Author(s):  
Himanshu ◽  
Peter Lanjouw ◽  
Nicholas Stern

Development economics is about understanding how and why lives and livelihoods change. This book is about economic development in the village of Palanpur, in Moradabad district, Uttar Pradesh, in north India. It draws on seven decades of detailed data collection by a team of dedicated development economists to describe the evolution of Palanpur’s economy, its society, and its politics. The emerging story of integration of the village economy with the outside world is placed against the backdrop of a rapidly transforming India and, in turn, helps to understand the transformation. The role of, and scope for, public policy in shaping the lives of individuals is examined. The book describes how changes in Palanpur’s economy since the late 1950s were initially driven by the advance of agriculture through land reforms, the expansion of irrigation, and the introduction of ‘green revolution’ technologies. Then, since the mid-1980s, newly emerging off-farm opportunities in nearby towns and outside agriculture became the key drivers of growth and change. These key forces of change have profoundly influenced poverty, income mobility, and inequality in Palanpur. Village institutions such as those governing access to land are shown to have evolved in subtle but clear ways over time, while individual entrepreneurship and initiative is found to play a critical role in driving and responding to the forces of change. And yet, against a backdrop of real economic growth and structural transformation, the book documents how human development outcomes have shown only weak progress and remain stubbornly resistant to change.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Maanik Nath

The government in British-ruled India established cooperative banks to compete with private moneylenders in the rural credit market. State officials expected greater competition to increase the supply of low-cost credit, thereby expanding investment potential for the rural poor. Cooperatives did increase credit supply but captured a small share of the credit market and reported net losses throughout the late colonial and early postcolonial period. The article asks why this experiment did not succeed and offers two explanations. First, low savings restricted the role of social capital and mutual supervision as methods of financial regulation in the cooperative sector. Second, a political-economic ideology that privileged equity over efficiency made for weak administrative regulation.


Author(s):  
Hervé Petetin ◽  
Bastien Sauvage ◽  
Mark Parrington ◽  
Hannah Clark ◽  
Alain Fontaine ◽  
...  

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> This study investigates the role of biomass burning and long-range transport in the anomalies of carbon monoxide (CO) regularly observed along the tropospheric vertical profiles measured in the framework of IAGOS. Considering the high interannual variability of biomass burning emissions and the episodic nature of pollution long-range transport, one strength of this study is the amount of data taken into account, namely 30,000 vertical profiles at 9 clusters of airports in Europe, North America, Asia, India and southern Africa over the period 2002&amp;ndash;2017. </p> <p> As a preliminary, a brief overview of the spatio-temporal variability, latitudinal distribution, interannual variability and trends of biomass burning CO emissions from 14 regions is provided. The distribution of CO mixing ratios at different levels of the troposphere is also provided based on the entire IAGOS database (125 million CO observations). </p> <p> This study focuses on the free troposphere (altitudes above 2<span class="thinspace"></span>km) where the long-range transport of pollution is favoured. Anomalies at a given airport cluster are here defined as departures from the local seasonally-averaged climatological vertical profile. The intensity of these anomalies varies significantly depending on the airport, with maximum (minimum) CO anomalies of 110&amp;ndash;150 (48)<span class="thinspace"></span>ppbv in Asia (Europe). Looking at the seasonal variation of the frequency of occurrence, the 25<span class="thinspace"></span>% strongest CO anomalies appears reasonably well distributed along the year, in contrast to the 5<span class="thinspace"></span>% or 1<span class="thinspace"></span>% strongest anomalies that exhibit a strong seasonality with for instance more frequent anomalies during summertime in northern United-States, during winter/spring in Japan, during spring in South-east China, during the non-monsoon seasons in south-east Asia and south India, and during summer/fall at Windhoek, Namibia. Depending on the location, these strong anomalies are observed in different parts of the free troposphere. </p> <p> In order to investigate the role of biomass burning emissions in these anomalies, we used the SOFT-IO v1.0 IAGOS added-value products that consist of FLEXPART 20-days backward simulations along all IAGOS aircraft trajectories, coupled with anthropogenic (MACCity) and biomass burning (GFAS) CO emission inventories and vertical injections. SOFT-IO estimates the contribution (in ppbv) of the recent (less than 20 days) primary worldwide CO emissions, tagged per source region. Biomass burning emissions are found to play an important role in the strongest CO anomalies observed at most airport clusters. The regional tags indicate a large contribution from boreal regions at airport clusters in Europe and North America during summer season. In both Japan and south India, the anthropogenic emissions dominate all along the year, except for the strongest summertime anomalies observed in Japan that are due to Siberian fires. The strongest CO anomalies at airport clusters located in south-east Asia are induced by fires burning during spring in south-east Asia and during fall in equatorial Asia. In southern Africa, the Windhoek airport was mainly impacted by fires in southern hemisphere Africa and South America. </p> <p> To our knowledge, no other studies have used such a large dataset of in situ vertical profiles for deriving a climatology of the impact of biomass burning versus anthropogenic emissions on the strongest CO anomalies observed in the troposphere, in combination with information on the source regions. This study therefore provides both qualitative and quantitative information for interpreting the highly variable CO vertical distribution in several regions of interest.</p>


Author(s):  
Vidhi Nagar

In the modern era, it would be like glorifying the media to include every media related to human life from fingernail to fire. It is the medium that has the ancient ideology and values ​​of society as popular with globalization and modern thought stream The society, which is inhabited by the rajas, has also been plunged to the present day, seeing the reach and impact of media in particular, a frazzled Schmimiya state has been born, especially in order to achieve the concept of global global culture of Mishwa. It is from these media that we can see the news of events at the far end of the world, as far as music is concerned, it is possible that we can cope with many ages, ages and lives. When it is achieved in its present form, in the same continuous stream of time, it is infectious, sometimes Pallimat and Sushobhamat are the modern communication mediums in this stream are also pushing it deeper.Achayat Sharangadei has said in his famous book, Song Ratnakaresh आधुमनक काल में मानि जीिन से संबंमधत हर क्षेत्र को नख से मशख तक प्रभामित करने िाले संचार माध्यमों को ममहमादृमंमित करनाए सूरज को मदया मदखाने जैसा होगा द्य यह िह माध्यम है मजसने िैश्वीकरण ि आधुमनक मिचार धारा से लबरेज समाज के सार्थ ही पुरातन मिचारधाराए मान्यताओं ि रीमत ररिाजों से सराबोर समाज को भी तह तक प्रभामित मकया है द्य िततमान समय में संचार माध्यमों कीए मिशेषकर मीमिया की पह ंच और प्रभाि को देखते ह ए ही एक फ्रेज़ श्मीमिया स्टेटश् का जन्म ह आ है द्य मिशेषकर मिश्व के श्ग्लोबल मिलेजश् की पररकल्पना को प्राप्त करने में सबसे महत्िपूणत हार्थए इन्हीं संचार माध्यमों का हैए इन्हीं की बदौलत हम कोसों दूर की क्याए मिश्व के दूरस्र्थ छोर की खबरोंए घटनाओं का उसी पल अिलोकन कर सकते है द्य जहां तक संगीत का सम्बन्ध हैए यह सित मिमदत है मक अनेकों युगोंए कालोंए ि पररमस्तमर्थयों का सामना करते ह ए यह अपने िततमान स्िरुप को प्राप्त ह आ है द्य समय की इसी सतत प्रिामहत धारा में कभी यह संक्रममत ह आए तो कभी पल्लमित ि सुशोमभत द्य इसी धारा क्रम में आधुमनक संचार माध्यम भी इसे गहरे तक प्रभामित कर रहे है द्यआचायत शारंगदेि ने अपने प्रमसद्ध ग्रन्र्थ श्संगीत रत्नाकरश् में कहा है


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