Change in environmental water quality of Neman and Viliya rivers under the influence of city wastewater
The analysis of the biotic component in determining of the quality of surface water is becoming increasingly important. The aim of the work was to assess the ecological quality of the river ecosystems from the influence of wastewater discharges of the Grodno, Stolbtsy and Vileyka cities on the Neman and Viliya rivers based on the macrozoobenthos community.The rare and protected species of hydrobionts from number of European countries live in the studied rivers. Among them are mollusks, coleoptera, caddis flies, and crustaceans. The stoneflies – highest priority indicator group of hydrobionts is missing in the Neman river. Mayflies and caddis flies are also poorly represented (2nd and 3rd indicator groups). The all three main indicator groups of aquatic organisms are presented in the Viliya river. The biotic indices are determined and the class of water purity of the studied rivers was calculated. In accordance with the EU Water Framework Directive, the cleanliness class has good and high value. It is concluded that the negative impact of wastewater from the cities of Grodno, Stolbtsy and Vileyka is of very local importance and weakly affects the biota and ecological quality of the water of the Neman and Viliya rivers.