ANALYSIS OF SECONDARY METABOLITES, ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY AND COMPOUND COMPOSITION IN THE SEA CUCUMBER Bohadschia sp.  EXTRACT

Bohadschia sp. is one of the sea cucumber species that has potential to be developed as a source of antibacterial from the sea. Samples of sea cucumber Bohadschia sp. used in this study collected from the Ratai bay waters, Lampung. This study aims to determine the type of secondary metabolites, antibacterial activity and compound composition analysis containing in the sea cucumber extract. Identification of secondary metabolites by observation of color reactions, precipitation and foam. The method used to antibacterial activity test was the agar diffusion method, while identification of the composition of compounds performed with Gas Chromatogaphy-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) method.Top of FormThe results showed that the type of secondary metabolites contained in the extract of sea cucumber Bohadschia sp. were steroids and saponins. The extract of sea cucumber Bohadschia sp. showed antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis and Vibrio eltor. Results of GC-MS were 12 compounds and have a similarity index same or more than 90%. All compounds consist of organosilicon cyclic, fatty acid, steroid, cyclo alkene and alkena. The compound with biggest abundance was cholest-5-en-3-yl nonanoate (4.89%) and retention time was 37.370 minutes.

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ANALYSIS OF SECONDARY METABOLITES, ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY AND COMPOUND COMPOSITION IN THE SEA CUCUMBER Bohadschia sp. EXTRACT

Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis ◽

10.28930/jitkt.v8i2.15831 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 645

Author(s):

Abdullah Rasyid

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Sea Cucumber ◽

Similarity Index ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Composition Analysis ◽

Activity Test ◽

Agar Diffusion Method ◽

Color Reactions

Bohadschia sp. is one of the sea cucumber species that has potential to be developed as a source of antibacterial from the sea. Samples of sea cucumber Bohadschia sp. used in this study collected from the Ratai bay waters, Lampung. This study aims to determine the type of secondary metabolites, antibacterial activity and compound composition analysis containing in the sea cucumber extract. Identification of secondary metabolites by observation of color reactions, precipitation and foam. The method used to antibacterial activity test was the agar diffusion method, while identification of the composition of compounds performed with Gas Chromatogaphy-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) method.Top of FormThe results showed that the type of secondary metabolites contained in the extract of sea cucumber Bohadschia sp. were steroids and saponins. The extract of sea cucumber Bohadschia sp. showed antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis and Vibrio eltor. Results of GC-MS were 12 compounds and have a similarity index same or more than 90%. All compounds consist of organosilicon cyclic, fatty acid, steroid, cyclo alkene and alkena. The compound with biggest abundance was cholest-5-en-3-yl nonanoate (4.89%) and retention time was 37.370 minutes.

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FORMULASI OBAT KUMUR GAMBIR DAN UJI EFEKTIVITAS TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus

Jurnal Penelitian Farmasi & Herbal ◽

10.36656/jpfh.v3i1.316 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 38-47

Author(s):

Zola Efa Harnis

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Oral Cancer ◽

Dental Health ◽

Positive Control ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Polyphenol Compounds ◽

Activity Test ◽

Agar Diffusion Method ◽

Main Components

Oral hygiene and dental health are very important, there are various kinds of patogen bacteria in the oral cavity, including the bacteria that cause thrush, Staphylococcus aureus. Gambir is the result of extraction containing polyphenol compounds. The main components contained in gambir consist of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and saponins. The use of gambir as a mouthwash preparation is an alternative to replace mouthwash preparations which generally contain an antiseptic in the form of alcohol which can trigger oral cancer. This research is to formulate gambir as a mouthwash and determine the differences in the effectiveness of antibacterial on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus with variations in the concentration of 5%, 10%, 15%. Antibacterial activity test using NA media with agar diffusion method. Physical requirements tests include organoleptic tests, pH tests and viscosity testsshowed that the preparation of 5%, 10% and 15% gambir mouthwash had a pH outside the optimum bacterial growth range of 5. Viscosity of mouthwash preparations of 1.30-5.10 Cp. The antibacterial activity of Staphylococcus aureus in F1 did not produce inhibitory zones, F2 was 5.46 mm, F3 was 9.60 mm and F4 was 10.76 mm while in f5 the positive control was 12.10 mm. Conclusio of this study is gambier mouthwash concentration of 5%, 10% and 15% can inhibit the growth of staphylococcus aureus bacteria.

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IDENTIFICATION OF SECONDARY METABOLITES COMPOUNDS, ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES ON THE METHANOL EXTRACT OF SEA CUCUMBER Stichopus hermanii

Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis ◽

10.29244/jitkt.v4i2.7799 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Abdullah Rasyid

Keyword(s):

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Extraction Method ◽

Sea Cucumber ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Laboratory Research ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Ic50 Value ◽

Agar Diffusion Method

Identification of secondary metabolites, antibacterial and antioxidant activities assay of methanol extract of sea cucumber Stichopus hermanii were conducted from May to July 2011 at the Natural Products Laboratory, Research Center for Oceanography, Indonesian Institute of Sciences. Sea cucumber used in this study comes from South Lampung waters. Objective of the study was to get information of secondary metabolites, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of methanol extract of sea cucumber S. hermanii. The extraction method which used in this experiment was the maceration method using methanol solvent. Identification of secondary metabolites was performed through observing reaction of colors, precipitation, and foaming. Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of methanol extract from sea cucumber were tested using agar diffusion method and reducing of free radicals 1.1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) respectively. The results showed that secondary metabolites identified in the methanol extract of sea cucumber S. hermanii were saponin and steroids. Both secondary metabolites had antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Vibrio eltor and Bacilus subtilis. The analysis of antioxidant activity showed that the IC50 value of methanol extract of sea cucumber S. hermanii was about 65.08 ppm. It indicated that S. hermanii is having potency as antibacterial and antioxidant. Keywords: antibacterial, antioxidants, sea cucumber Stichopus hermanii, secondary metabolites

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Potensi Ekstrak Teripang Stichopus hermanii, Semper 1868 (Holothuroidea : Stichopodidae) sebagai Penghasil Senyawa Antibakteri terhadap Streptococcus mutans Clarke, 1924 (Bacilli : Streptococcaceae)

Journal of Marine Research ◽

10.14710/jmr.v10i3.31097 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 421-427

Author(s):

Rika Monika ◽

Delianis Pringgenies ◽

Wilis Ari Setyati

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Streptococcus Mutans ◽

Sea Cucumber ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Marine Biota ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Zone Of Inhibition ◽

Active Compounds ◽

Activity Test

Teripang Stichopus hermanii merupakan biota laut yang mempunyai senyawa dengan bioaktivitas sebagai antibakteri terhadap patogen. Stichopus hermanii mampu menghambat bakteri gram positif dan negatif. Produk teripang yang sudah ada banyak memperlihatkan manfaatnya salah satunya untuk gigi. Produk komersil yang terlihat di masyarakat yakni pasta gigi, namun belum diketehaui secara mendetail mengenai seberapa besar peran pasta gigi tersebut dalam mengatasi permasalahn gigi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui senyawa yang aktif didalam ekstrak teripang Stichopus hermanii. Metode ekstraksi yakni dengan padat ke cair, pencarian senyawa aktif menggunakan skrining fitokimia dengan pereaksi yang berbeda setiap pengujiannya, dan uji aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi agar dengan konsentrasi yang berbeda-beda. Uji aktivitas antibakteri pada ekstrak S. hermanii menggunakan bakteri patogen Streptococcus mutans. Hasil senyawa aktif yang didapat dari skrinining fitokimia meliputi flavonoid, alkaloid, triterpenoid dan saponin. Uji aktivitas antibakteri menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak metanol S. hermanii mampu menghambat bakteri S.mutans. Zona hambat tertinggi pada S. mutans 5,86 mm ± 4,92 dengan konsentrasi 80 µg/disk pada waktu 24 jam. Disimpulkan bahwa senyawa aktif pada ekstrak metanol S. hermanii mempunyai bioaktivitas antibakteri pada bakteri S. mutans. The sea cucumber Stichopus hermanii is a marine biota that has compounds with bioactivity as an antibacterial against pathogens. Stichopus hermanii can inhibit gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Sea cucumber products that already exist have shown many benefits, one of which is for teeth. The commercial product seen in the community is toothpaste, but it is not yet known in detail how big the role of toothpaste is in overcoming dental problems. The purpose of this study was to determine the active compounds in sea cucumber extract Stichopus hermanii. The extraction method is solid to liquid, the search for active compounds uses phytochemical screening with different reagents for each test, and the antibacterial activity test uses the agar diffusion method with different concentrations. Antibacterial activity test on S. hermanii extract using the pathogenic bacterium Streptococcus mutans. The results of the active compounds obtained from phytochemical screening include flavonoids, alkaloids, triterpenoids, and saponins. The antibacterial activity test showed that the methanol extract of S. hermanii was able to inhibit S. mutans bacteria. The highest zone of inhibition in S. mutans was 5.86 mm ± 4.92 with a concentration of 80 g/disk at 24 hours. It was concluded that the active compound in the methanolic extract of S. hermanii had antibacterial bioactivity on S. mutans bacteria.

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IDENTIFICATION OF SECONDARY METABOLITES COMPOUNDS, ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES ON THE METHANOL EXTRACT OF SEA CUCUMBER Stichopus hermanii

Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis ◽

10.28930/jitkt.v4i2.7799 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Abdullah Rasyid

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Extraction Method ◽

Sea Cucumber ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Laboratory Research ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Agar Diffusion Method

Identification of secondary metabolites, antibacterial and antioxidant activities assay of methanol extract of sea cucumber Stichopus hermanii were conducted from May to July 2011 at the Natural Products Laboratory, Research Center for Oceanography, Indonesian Institute of Sciences. Sea cucumber used in this study comes from South Lampung waters. Objective of the study was to get information of secondary metabolites, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of methanol extract of sea cucumber S. hermanii. The extraction method which used in this experiment was the maceration method using methanol solvent. Identification of secondary metabolites was performed through observing reaction of colors, precipitation, and foaming. Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of methanol extract from sea cucumber were tested using agar diffusion method and reducing of free radicals 1.1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) respectively. The results showed that secondary metabolites identified in the methanol extract of sea cucumber S. hermanii were saponin and steroids. Both secondary metabolites had antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Vibrio eltor and Bacilus subtilis. The analysis of antioxidant activity showed that the IC50 value of methanol extract of sea cucumber S. hermanii was about 65.08 ppm. It indicated that S. hermanii is having potency as antibacterial and antioxidant. Keywords: antibacterial, antioxidants, sea cucumber Stichopus hermanii, secondary metabolites

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ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY TEST OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF WHITE AND RED FLESH FROM GUAVA LEAF ( Psidium guajava. L) AGAINTS Staphylococcus aureus AND Escherichia coli

Jurnal Natural ◽

10.24815/jn.v16i1.4818 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 51-56

Author(s):

Hilda Maysarah ◽

Rika Apriani ◽

Misrahanum Misrahanum

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Psidium Guajava ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Activity Test ◽

Agar Diffusion Method ◽

Guava Leaf ◽

Mic Value

An antibacterial activity test of ethanol extract of white and red flesh from guava leaf (Psidium guajava. L) against S.aureus and E.coli; using agar diffusion method was carried out in order to produce the extract. The extract was collected using maceration method. The concentration of extract was 7,8125; 6,1035; 5,00; 4,8828; 4,3944; and 3,90625 mg/mL. The results showed that both of extracts had antibacterial activities. Ethanol extract of white flesh of fruit guava leaf had (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) MIC value at 5.000 mg/mL against S.aureus and 4.8828 mg/mL against E.coli. Whereas ethanol extract of red flesh of fruit guava leaf had MIC value at 4.3944 mg/mL against S.aureus and E.coli. MIC value of ethanol extract of white flesh of fruit guava leaf is equal with MIC value of clindamicin concentration at 3.00 µg/mL against S.aureus, and 1.00 µg/mL against E.coli. The MIC value of red flesh of fruit guava leaf is equal to the MIC value of clindamicin concentration at 3.00 µg/mL against S.aureus, and 1.00 µg/mL against E.coli.

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18. Phytochemistry and Antibacterial Activity Test of Ethanol Extracts of Soursop flower (Annona muricata L.) against Salmonella enteritidis

Jurnal Medika Veterinaria ◽

10.21157/j.med.vet..v13i1.8885 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 132-137

Author(s):

Zuraidawati Zuraidawati ◽

Maryulia Dewi ◽

Darmawi Darmawi ◽

Sugito Sugito ◽

Abdullah Hamzah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Salmonella Enteritidis ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Annona Muricata ◽

Activity Test ◽

Phenolic And Flavonoid

The purpose of this research was to identified the compounds in ethanol extract of soursop flower and determined the antibacterial activity of the soursop flower extract on Salmonella enteritidis. The phytochemistry screening was done to identify the secondary metabolite compounds of this extract. The concentrations used of ethanol extract of soursop flower were 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, with ampicillin 10 μg/disc as the positive control and 10% Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) as the negative control. The antibacterial activity test of soursop flower ethanol extract against Salmonella enteritidis was held in vitro using the paper disc diffusion method by measuring the diameter of the inhibition zone. The phytochemistry screening showed that the ethanol extract of soursop flower had secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, phenolic, and flavonoid. The result of the antibacterial activity test showed that there was no inhibition zone (bright zone) at various concentrations. So, it can be concluded that soursop flower ethanol extract (Annona muricata L.) contained the secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, phenolic, and flavonoid, and also this extract had no antibacterial activity against Salmonella enteritidis

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Uji Aktivitas Senyawa Antibakteri Katak Papua (ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY TEST OF PAPUAN FROGS)

jurnal veteriner ◽

10.19087/jveteriner.2018.19.1.55 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 55

Author(s):

Maria Massora ◽

Elda Irma J. J. Kawulur ◽

Hermawaty Abubakar

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Hot Water ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Bufo Melanostictus ◽

Antibacterial Compounds ◽

Activity Test

Skin and submental glands of Papuan frogs have antibacterial compounds‘ which were capable to impede growth of tested bacteria based on diffusion method. These frogs were Platymantis papuensis, Litoria infrafrenata, Bufo melanostictus, Rana grisea and Rana sp., and the tested bacterial were the positive Gram bacteria (Staphylococcus aereus, and Bacillus subtilis) and the negative Gram bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeroginosa). Skin frog which extracted with hot water (100oC) showed antibacterial activity which significantly impeded the growth of tested bacteria using diffusion method.

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UJI AKTIVITAS EKSTRAK DAUN PIRDOT (Saurauia vulcani Korth) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Bacillus subtilis

KLOROFIL: Jurnal Ilmu Biologi dan Terapan ◽

10.30821/kfl:jibt.v4i1.6488 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Ulfayani Mayasari, M.Si

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Experimental Method ◽

Extraction Method ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Clear Zone ◽

Agar Diffusion ◽

Bacterium Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Agar Diffusion Method ◽

Bacterium Bacillus

<a name="_Hlk26926554"></a>Pirdot is a plant that has been widely used by people to treat various diseases. Pirdot leaves extract contain of flavonoids which have antibacterial Substances. This research has a purpose to determine the activity of pirdot leaves extract (Saurauia vulcani Korth.) inhibit to bacterium Bacillus subtilis. This research uses an experimental method that are the maceration extraction method and testing the antibacterial activity by agar diffusion method. Result of the research was found that the inhibition area of pirdot leaves extract against Bacillus subtilis bacteria that have some clear zone were 8.66 mm, 9.43 mm, 9.90 mm, 10.97 mm and 11.66 mm. Pirdot leaves can inhibit the growth of Bacillus subtilis bacteria.Keywords: Pirdot leaf, Bacillus subtilis, antibacterial.

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Antibacterial Activity of Thujaoccidentalis,ThujaorientalisandChamaecyparisobtusa

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance ◽

10.25258/ijpqa.v8i03.9567 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (03) ◽

Author(s):

Kyoung- Sun Seo ◽

Seong Woo Jin ◽

Seongkyu Choi ◽

Kyeong Won Yun

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Antibacterial Agent ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

The Other ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

E Coli ◽

Agar Diffusion ◽

Agar Diffusion Method ◽

Crude Methanol Extract

The antibacterial activity of three Cupressaceae plants (Thujaoccidentalis,ThujaorientalisandChamaecyparisobtusa) was tested against three bacteria using the agar diffusion method. The ether and ethylacetate fraction of crude methanol extract from the three plants showed potent antibacterial activity against the tested microorganisms. The result showed that Staphylococcus aureus revealed the most sensitivity among the tested bacteria. Thujaoccidentalisether fraction and Thujaorientalis hexane fraction exhibited the highest antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. E. coli was shown the highest MIC values compared to the other two tested bacteria, which indicates the lowest antibacterial activity against the bacterium. This study promises an interesting future for designing a potentially active antibacterial agent from the three Cupressaceae plants.

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