scholarly journals NUTRIENT FORAMEN;

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (08) ◽  
pp. 1252-1255
Author(s):  
Anwaar Hussain ◽  
Jawaria Khalid ◽  
Abdul Rauf
Keyword(s):  
Blood Supply ◽  
Bone Grafting ◽  
Posterior Surface ◽  
Anterior Surface ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutrient Foramen ◽  
Nutrient Foramina ◽  
Clinical Interest ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Medical University

Objectives: To study the nutrient foramina of the dried human clavicle with respectto their position, number and direction for clinical interest. Study Design: Cross sectional study.Setting: Anatomy Department Faisalabad Medical University Faisalabad. Period: Six monthsfrom July to December 2017. Material and Methods: 60 dried human clavicles taken frombone bank of Anatomy Department Faisalabad Medical University Faisalabad. The foraminawere studied according to their location, and number and direction. The foramina index wascalculated using Hughes Formula by measuring the average total length and average lengthof foramina from sternal end of the clavicle. Results: The nutrient foramen was observed in all60(100%) of the clavicle. Single foramen was present in 22 (36.6%) clavicle and double foramenin 30(50%) clavicle. Triple and quadruple foramen in 6(10%) and 2(3.3%) clavicles respectively.The 34 left clavicles posses single foramen 12 (41.1%), double foramen 14(35.2%) while tripleand quadruple are 6(17.6%) and 2(5.8%) respectively. Total 26 right clavicles had 10 (38.4%)single foramen and 16(61.5%) double foramen. Total number of foramen in all 60 clavicleswere 108 of which 61.1% are located on posterior surface of the clavicle, 27% were found oninferior surface and rest 11.1% were on anterior surface. The clavicle having more than oneforamina are 28 out of which 64.2% was having both inferior and posterior foramina, 21.4 % wasanterior and posterior while 14.28% was located on triple sites anterior, inferior and posterior.We also found 90% of foramina were present on middle 1/3 and 10% on lateral 1/3. 98.3% ofthe foramina were directed to acromial end while rest 1.7 % to sternal end. The mean length offoramina from sternal end is 7.46 cm and mean maximum length of the clavicle was 14.51cm.The mean foramina index was 51.41. Conclusion: It is concluded from the study that most ofthe foramina are located on middle 3rd of the clavicle the commonest site of the fractures of thebone. Most of the foramina are located on the posterior surface denoting its blood supply fromthe neighboring blood supply. The knowledge of the foramina and its blood supply is importantfor fracture healing and bone grafting.

scholarly journals Nutrient Foramen of Fibula in Relation to Distal end, Potential Implications for Vascularised Done Graft Surgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
Amjad N Bhatti ◽  
C Smith
Keyword(s):  
Bone Grafting ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Bony Landmark ◽  
Nutrient Foramen ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Nutrient Foramina ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Topographical Analysis ◽  
Transfer Procedures

Background Free vascularised fibular bone grafting has gained popularity in various Orthopaedic and Oral & maxillofacial reconstructive surgeries. The objective of the present study was to identify the morphology and topography of nutrient foramina of fibula and to determine the foraminal index (FI) of the fibula using a more surgeon friendly bony landmark. Methods The study comprised examination of 100 fibulae specimens. Each bone was divided into 03 parts and topographical analysis was performed on each section. The nutrient foramina were identified macroscopically using size 24-gauge needle. Modified Hughes formula was used to calculate the foraminal index using distance of foramen (DF) from distal end which is easier to palpate in living human beings, total length of fibula (TL); and the formula was DF/TL x100. Results With respect to fibulae, 98% had single foramen and foramen was absent in 2%. The mean foraminal index (FI) was 56% for fibulae using modified Hughes’ formula. The majority of the fibulae showed nutrient foramen in the middle 3rd in relation to distal end of fibula. Conclusion The study provides information on the morphology of nutrient foramina in relation to easily palpable landmark on living human beings, which can provide guidance to surgeon while performing microvascular bone transfer procedures.

scholarly journals Morphometrical and Topographical Anatomy of Position of Nutrient Foramen on Fully Ossified Left Femur

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-15
Author(s):  
Md Shahajahan Chowdhury ◽  
Humaira Naushaba ◽  
Jahanara Begum ◽  
Shameem Ahmed ◽  
Laila Farjana Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Supply ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Left Femur ◽  
Nutrient Foramen ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Nutrient Foramina

Background: The femur is the typical long bone of lower limb which extends from the pelvis to the knee. It forms the skeleton of the thigh, bears body weight, supports movement of legs; provide attachment to muscles, form blood cells and acts as a store house for calcium and phosphate. The nutrient foramina are cavities that conduct the nutrient arteries and the peripheral nerves. The majority blood supply for femur originates from the nutrient arteries, mainly during the growing period and during the early phase of ossification. In bone grafts the nutrient blood supply is crucial and it should be preserved in order to promote the fracture healing. Objective: The anatomy of nutrient foramen of femur is very essential for orthopedic & vascular surgeons as well as to radiologists for planning of treatment. Materials and method: This cross sectional study was carried out in the department of Anatomy, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2011 to June 2012. The study comprised 199 fully ossified left sided dry femur of both sex (n=89 male, n=110 female). Sampling technique was purposive. Morphometric and topographic study was carried out on all samples by direct physical and photographic methods. Results: The most common position of nutrient foramen on the shaft of femur was found on the middle 1/5th in both male and female femur (50.78% in male and 56.86% in female respectively). Conclusion: The anatomical knowledge about this study might be useful in certain surgical procedures as well as micro vascular bone transfer to preserve the circulation.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dmcj.v1i1.14970 Delta Med Col J. Jan 2013;1(1):13-15

scholarly journals Morphometric study of nutrient foramen of tibia in Jharkhand population

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh K. Kushwaha ◽  
Rajiv Ranjan ◽  
Makardhawaj Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Blood Supply ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
Posterior Surface ◽  
Lateral Border ◽  
Nutrient Foramen ◽  
Nutrient Artery ◽  
Nutrient Foramina

Background: Nutrient foramen gives passage to the nutrient vessels which supply major portion of the bone even bone marrow. Many vascular foramina are present in all bones for the passage of blood vessels. In long bones many small vascular foramina are present at the ends through which epiphyseal and metaphyseal blood vessels passes. In the shaft of long bones one or two larger foramina are present through which nutrient vessels passes. Nutrient artery provides 70% to 80% blood supply of long bones in children and if blood supply is decreased, it may lead to ischemia of bone resulting into less vascularisation of metaphysis and growth plate. Thus precise topographical knowledge of nutrient foramen is necessary for the surgeons to save the nutrient vessels during surgical procedures i.e. fracture fixation, bone grafting etc. Damage to the nutrient artery causes avascular necrosis of bone.Methods: Total 70 dry bones of tibia were taken in the study, without knowledge of sex of the bone. Position, number and direction of the nutrient foramen were noted.Results: single nutrient foramina present in 91.43% of cases and double in 6% of cases. 97.14 % nutrient foramina are directed downward and 2.86% directed upward. 90% nutrient foramina present on posterior surface, 1.42% on lateral surface and 8.57% on lateral border. 75% of nutrient foramina present in upper 1/3 and 25% in middle 1/3. Primary nutrient foramina (>24 G) present in 89.47% and secondary nutrient foramina (<24 G) present in 10.53% of cases.Conclusions: A sound knowledge of nutrient foramen topography, prevent the injuries of vasculature of bone during surgeries.

scholarly journals Status of microsatellite instability in different histomorphological patterns of colorectal carcinoma among a group of Bangladeshi people

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1799
Author(s):  
Momammed Mustafizur Rahman ◽  
Shabnam Imam ◽  
Sayedatun Nessa ◽  
A. K. M. Maruf Raza ◽  
Farida Arjuman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Carcinoma ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Microsatellite Instability ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Cancer Tissue ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Medical University

Background: This cross- sectional observational study was carried out with an aim to look for microsatellite instability (MSI) status in colorectal carcinoma and their association with different histomorphological patterns and biological behavior of colorectal carcinoma.Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was done in the Department of Pathology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Hospital (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh during September 2014 to October 2015. A total of 39 surgically resected sample of colorectal carcinoma were included. Consent from each patient was taken. The samples were histopathologically evaluated according to the standard protocol. The statistical analyses were done using Statistical packages for social sciences (SPSS 15) for Windows.Results: A total of 39 cases of colorectal carcinoma were included in this study. Majority of the patients (55.5%) was in 6th decade in MSI and 29.1% were MSI absent group. The mean age was found 47.67±10.97 years in present group and 47.84±14.26 years in absent group. The difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). TNM stage with MSI was observed. The mean CEA level was 100.74±103.66 and 60.43±91.72. The mean Hb was 9.72±1.99 % and 9.92±2.17, the range was 7.2-12.2 and 4.6-13.4 among the groups. The mean difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Ulcerated was 3 (33.3%) and 19 (64.5%). Stage 3 tumor was 4 (44.4%) and 16 (51.6%). Grade 2 tumor was 5 (55.6%) and 17 (58.0%).Conclusions: For the first time in Bangladesh, this study was undertaken to evaluate the microsatellite instability (MSI) status in colorectal cancer tissue and their association with different histomorphological patterns of colorectal carcinoma.   

scholarly journals Assessing the Quality of Life in Medical Students in Ardabil University of Medical Sciences

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raana Jafarizadeh ◽  
Somayeh Zeynizadeh-Jeddi ◽  
Akbar Pirzadeh ◽  
Mahzad Yousefian ◽  
Firouz Amani
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
University Students ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Medical University

Introduction: Quality of life (QOL) is an important index in society that need for evaluation in all age groups people especially in medical university students as a people that their physical and mental health is related with community health. This study aims to investigate the quality of life (QOL) of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that has been conducted on 200 students who selected by random sampling method from Ardabil medical university students. The QOL was measured by WHOQOL-BREF which its validity and Reliability were investigated and approved. This questionnaire include 26 questions in four dimensions (physical, mental, social and environmental health). Collected data we analyzed by statistical test such as t-test for compare the mean of QOL score among demographic data. Results: Of all students, 57% were male and 91.5% were single. Of all students, 56% had desired quality of life. The relationships between QOL and variables such as gender, educational level, marital status and age of students wasn’t significant. The mean difference of four dimension scores among two sexes was statistically significant. The mean of Physical health dimension score was 11.6±2.1, Psychological was 12.3±2.4, Social relationships was 13.1±3.4 and environment was 12.7±3.2. The mean of total score of QOL in all students was 12.4±2.3. Conclusion: Results showed that the QOL of all students were in high level and in four dimension of QOL the female students had significant higher score than male students.

scholarly journals Topography of diaphyseal nutrient foramina of femora and their implications in bone grafting

2016 ◽  
Vol 05 (03) ◽  
pp. 127-132
Author(s):  
Venkatesh Kamath ◽  
Shivarama Bhat ◽  
Muhammed Asif ◽  
Ramakrishna Avadhani
Keyword(s):  
Bone Grafting ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Orthopedic Surgeon ◽  
Nutrient Artery ◽  
Nutrient Foramina ◽  
Vascular Compromise ◽  
Rapid Healing ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Linea Aspera ◽  
Upper Third

Abstract Background : Long bones derive their nutrition through a nutrient artery that enters the bone through a foramen in its diaphysis. An orthopedic surgeon must be familiar with the topography of the nutrient foramina to avoid vascular compromise during surgery. Aim :This study attempts to analyze the topography of primary nutrient foramina of femora. Materials and method : One hundred dry adult femora were used for this study. The primary diaphyseal nutrient foramina were identified macroscopically using hand lens. The number of foramina and their position were noted and the foramina! index was calculated. Results : It was observed that 79% of femora had single primary nutrient foramen, 20% had double foramina and I% had three foramina. All the foramina were located between 30.8%-89.6% of total length of femur. 11.47 % of foramina were in the upper third, 1.64% in the lower third and the majority 86.88% of foramina were in the middle third of femur. The mean foramina!index was 46.01. 82.78% of foramina were located on the linea aspera, 14.75% on the medial surface and2.46% on the lateral surface. Conclusion : An orthopedic surgeon operating on femur must be careful in the middle 1/3rd, especially over the linea aspera as majority of primary diaphyseal foramina were observed in this region. A cogent knowledge of vascular topography ensures preservation of vasculature of the bone during surgeries. This enables rapid healing of surgical wound increasing the success rates of fracture fixation, bone grafting, vascularized microscopic surgeries and hip and knee replacement procedures.

scholarly journals DIAPHYSEAL NUTRIENT FORAMINA OF ADULT HUMAN TIBIA - ITS POSITIONAL ANATOMY AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS. Foramen nutricio diafisario de la tibia humana adulta – Su anatomía posicional y las implicancias clínicas

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-228
Author(s):  
Swati Gandhi ◽  
Rajan K Singla ◽  
Rajesh K Suri ◽  
Vandana Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Repair ◽  
Orthopedic Procedures ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
Tibial Shaft ◽  
Nutrient Foramen ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Adult Human ◽  
Nutrient Foramina ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

El conocimiento del número y posición de los forámenes nutricios en los huesos largos es importante en los procedimientos ortopédicos, tales como la terapia de reemplazo de articulaciones, reparación de fracturas, injertos de hueso y micro-cirugía de hueso vascularizado. El presente estudio se llevó a cabo en el departamento de Anatomía, Colegio Médico Gubernamental de Amritsar. El estudio comprendió 100 tibias de humanos adultos obtenidas de 50 cadáveres masculinos y 50 femeninos. Todos los huesos del presente estudio presentaban el foramen nutricio situado en el tercio superior del eje y se dirigían hacia abajo. En la mayoría de los huesos, se encuentró lateral a la línea vertical en la superficie posterior de la diáfisis tibial. Las distancias medias de foramen nutricio de los extremos superior e inferior de la tibia eran mayores en los hombres en ambos lados. Además, estas mediciones mostraron valores más altos en los huesos de la mitad derecha. El conocimiento preciso de la ubicación de la forámenes nutricios en los huesos largos es útil en la prevención de las lesiones intra-operatorias en cirugía ortopédica, así como en cirugía plástica y reconstructiva y también es relevante en la práctica médico-legal. An understanding of the number and position of nutrient foramina in long bones is important in orthopedic procedures such as joint replacement therapy, fracture repair, bone grafts and vascularized bone microsurgery. The present study was conducted in the department of Anatomy, Govt. Medical College Amritsar. The study group comprised of 100 adult human tibiae obtained from 50 male and 50 female cadavers. All the bones of the present study depicted single nutrient foramen situated in the upper one third of the shaft and were directed downwards. In majority of the bones, it was located lateral to the vertical line on the posterior surface of tibial shaft. The mean distances of nutrient foramen from the upper and lower ends of tibia were found to be greater in males on both the sides. Also, these measurements showed higher values in the right sided bones.Precise knowledge of the location of the nutrient foramina in long bones is helpful in preventing intra-operative injuries in orthopedic as well as in plastic and reconstructive surgery and is also relevant in medicolegal practice.

scholarly journals Study of Nutrient Foramina in Human Typical Long Bones of Lower Limb

2019 ◽  
Vol 08 (02) ◽  
pp. 077-081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay Parmar ◽  
Pankaj Maheria ◽  
Kanan Shah
Keyword(s):  
Blood Supply ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Fracture Repair ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
Posterior Aspect ◽  
Nutrient Foramen ◽  
Nutrient Artery ◽  
Nutrient Foramina ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background and Aim Nutrient foramina form important landmarks on human bones as they form portal of entry for nutrient artery. Nutrient artery is an important source of blood supply for a growing bone. Different parameters of nutrient foramina are important in various procedures such as vascularized bone grafting, tumor resections, fracture repair, and other surgical procedures in orthopedics. The objective of the present study was to report the number, position, direction, size, and foraminal index of nutrient foramen in the femur, tibia, and fibula. Materials and Methods The present study analyzed the location, direction, size, and the number of nutrient foramina in the diaphysis of 180 long bones of the lower limbs of adults: 60 femurs, 60 tibiae, and 60 fibulae. Result The location of the nutrient foramina is predominant on the posterior aspect of the lower limb long bones. Single nutrient foramen found in the tibia (100%), femur (48.3%), and fibula (60%) may represent as a single source of blood supply. The majority of the femur (50%) and few fibulae (5%) had a double nutrient foramen. The mean foraminal index for the lower limb bones was 40.5% for the left and 38.2% for the right side of the femur, 31.69% for the left and 32.3% for the right side of the tibia, and 32.7% for the left and 31.7% for the right side of the fibula. Conclusion The present study provides information on the number, size, position, and direction of nutrient foramina of the femur, tibia, and fibula bones.

scholarly journals Profiles of Breast Diseases among Women Seeking for Treatment during Covid-19 Pandemic at Surgery OPD of Medical University of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-6
Author(s):  
Bidyut Chandra Debnath ◽  
Abanti Ghosh ◽  
Abul Kalam Chowdhury ◽  
Rana Jahangir ◽  
Ferdous Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Breast Diseases ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Fibrocystic Disease ◽  
Breast Lump ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Medical University

Background: Different pathology of breast is found among the women. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the profiles of breast disease among women seeking for treatment during Covid-19 pandemic at the OPD of medical university of Bangladesh. Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Surgery at Bangabandhu Shiekh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from 1 April to 31 October 2020 for a period of six months. All the women who were attended at the OPD of the Department of Surgery with the different complaints of breast at any age were selected as study population. The different disease profiles were recorded in the data sheet. Result: A total number of 1625 women were recruited for this study. The mean age with standard deviation of the study population was 36.4±12.54 years. Among 1492 women the most common breast complaints was mastalgia which was 492(29.9%) cases followed by fibrocystic disease, breast lump, fibroadenoma and carcinoma breast which was 296(18.0%) cases, 202(12.3%) cases, 141(8.6%) cases and 84(5.1%) cases respectively. Similarly duct ectasia, fibroadenoma, fibrocystic disease and lipoma were also most common among the less than or equal to 45 years age group of women which were 47(94.0%) cases, 137(97.2%) cases, 269(90.9%) cases and 75(51.4%) cases respectively. Conclusion: In conclusion breast lump and fibrocystic disease are the most common diseases among the women attending during covid19 era. Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research, January 2021;8(1):3-6

scholarly journals Morphology, Topography and Clinical Significance of Primary Nutrient Foramina in Tibia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 999-1002
Author(s):  
Suja R.S. ◽  
Mini Alikunju ◽  
Aswathy Maria Oommen ◽  
Sreekumar R ◽  
Sheena Kalyani Sukumaran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
Posterior Surface ◽  
Nutrient Foramen ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Nutrient Artery ◽  
Precise Knowledge ◽  
Nutrient Foramina

BACKGROUND Nutrient foramina are seen in the shaft of long bones. They vary in number, size and their position on the surface of bones. It transmits the nutrient artery which is the main source of blood supply to the long bones. We intend to study the location, number, type and direction of primary nutrient foramina (PNF) on the shaft of tibia. METHODS The descriptive study was done using 120 tibiae (right-66, left-54) from Department of Anatomy, Govt. Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram. Length of each bone and distance of the nutrient foramen from the upper end of tibia was measured using osteometric board. The location of the primary nutrient foramina on the surface of tibia, the direction of the nutrient canal and the presence of secondary nutrient foramina were noted. RESULTS Single primary nutrient foramina were located on the posterior surface of 113 tibiae. 4 tibiae showed PNF and secondary nutrient foramina (SNF). No nutrient foramina were observed in 3 tibiae. CONCLUSIONS The precise knowledge and topography of PNF of tibia will help orthopaedic surgeons in minimising damage to vasculature of tibia during various surgical procedures. KEY WORDS Tibia, Nutrient Foramen, Nutrient Artery

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