scholarly journals SYSTEM-FORMING INNOVATIVE INSTITUTIONS OF THE AGRARIAN MARKET

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Maksym Odnorog ◽  
Nataliia Kraus ◽  
Liudmyla Savchuk
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
Agricultural Market ◽  
Strategic Innovation ◽  
Strategic Factors ◽  
Intangible Factor

The agrarian market of Ukraine and its basic component, agriculture, is the backbone of the national economy, forms the basis of preserving the sovereignty of the state food and, within a certain range, economic, environmental, and energy security, ensures the development of technologically related sectors of the national economy, and forms socio-economic development of rural areas, therefore, the purpose of the paper is to develop scientifically-based proposals to identify the role of strategic institutions of the agricultural market. Methodology. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research is the dialectical method of cognition and systematic approach, which are used for studying theoretical and methodological foundations of strategic innovation institutes of the agricultural market. The results showed that the article examines the strategic factors that determine the efficiency of functioning of the agrarian market. The results of the monitoring and analysis of the formation of the institutional market environment are presented. There are proposed a model and priority directions of formation and development of systematizing institutions of the agricultural market. Practical implications. The studied institutions create incentives for the development of science and education, encourage the mobility of production factors, facilitate the transfer of scientific and technical information and the introduction of new technologies, promoting entrepreneurship and innovation. Conversely, inefficient institutions reduce the potential level of wellbeing, reliability of property rights, and enforcement of contracts. Value/originality. The increasing importance of innovation institutions of the agricultural market enables you to define the latter as an important intangible factor in the development of the economy and society that create the conditions necessary for the transformation and development of the agrarian market. The system of formation of a modern institutional environment should include a system of regulators, which would provide favourable conditions for attracting domestic and foreign investment, further structuring of the economic complex of the agricultural market, reduction of regional asymmetries of socioeconomic development. How full individual investment units will operate in the institutional environment depends on the realization of economic and social development priorities of the Ukrainian village.

scholarly journals INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT FOR ATTRACTING INVESTMENTS IN THE AGRARIAN SECTOR OF THE ECONOMY IN THE CONDITIONS OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Maksym Odnorog ◽  
Nataliia Kraus ◽  
Oleg Zagurskіy
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
Institutional Support ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Agrarian Sector ◽  
Intangible Factor ◽  
Investment Process

Institutional dynamics refers to understudied processes both in economic theory and in economic practice. There is a lack of systematic knowledge on the composition, structure, and functioning of the basic socioeconomic institutions exactly of the investment process, therefore, the purpose of the paper lies in the study of institutional support for attracting investments in the agrarian sector of the economy. Methodology. The theoretical and methodological basis of research is the dialectical method of cognition and systematic approach through which there are theoretical and methodological foundations of strategic innovation institutes of the agricultural market. The results showed that the institutional environment of investment provision of the agrarian sector of the economy includes, on the one hand, agricultural producers with relevant on-farm structural units, managers, professionals, organizers of production and economic processes; in rural areas; local authorities and government; and on the other, a set of functionally competent institutions (legal, scientific, educational, informational, financial, controlling, deliberative, etc.). Each of these institutions has a corresponding purpose, socio-economic relevance, and is an integral part of this system. Practical implications. The studied institutions create incentives for the development of science and education, encourage the mobility of production factors, facilitate the transfer of scientific and technical information and the introduction of new technologies, promoting entrepreneurship and innovation. Conversely, inefficient institutions reduce the potential level of well-being, reduced reliability assurance of property rights and enforce contracts. Value/originality. The increasing importance of the institutional environment of investment provision of the agrarian sector of the economy gives an opportunity to define the latter as an important intangible factor in the development of agriculture and society as a whole, which creates the necessary conditions for transformation and development of the agrarian sector. The formation of a modern institutional environment should include a system of regulators, which would provide favourable conditions for attracting domestic and foreign investment, further structuring of the economic complex of the agrarian sector, the reduction of regional asymmetries of socio-economic development. How full the institutional environment of individual units of the investment will be depends on the realization of economic and social development priorities of the Ukrainian village.

ЗНАЧЕННЯ ІНФРАСТРУКТУРНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ІННОВАЦІЙНО-ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ У РОЗВИТКУ СІЛЬСЬКИХ ТЕРИТОРІЙ В УМОВАХ КОНКУРЕНТНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ

2022 ◽  
pp. 47-57
Author(s):  
Іван Іванович Петрецький
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Financial Investment ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
New Business ◽  
Investment Process ◽  
Competitive Economy

The article provides insights into implications of modern competitive economy for the national economic development and argues that in the new business realia it is critical to search for internal reserves for socioeconomic growth at all levels of administrative and territorial entities including socioeconomic development of rural areas based on natural, technological, human and other factors aimed at attaining competitive advantages. The study demonstrates that in the context of innovation and investment processes, building appropriate infrastructure is the priority objective to boost rural areas development. Such approach will contribute to creating an attractive investment environment, shaping an innovative structure of rural areas able to provide a full chain of creating and disseminating innovations and new technologies in production, enhance investment and innovation capacity of rural areas, modernization and change of territorial industries. The study identifies the terms and determinants in building effective infrastructure support for facilitating innovation and investment process of rural development and its properties that arise within the competitive economy paradigm. Apart from that, the study presents a framework of endogenous and exogenous factors affecting the infrastructure support for innovation and investment processes to foster rural development in Ukraine. The following factors are discussed as the most critical ones: legal, financial, investment-based, organizational, managerial, psychological, motivational, economic, consulting, informational, professional, scientific, industrial, technological, marketing, socioeconomic, etc. The summary outlines the key vectors of institutional, organizational and economic transformation that will promote building effective infrastructure support for further innovative development of rural areas.

scholarly journals Efficiency of oil-production: the role of institutional factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 92-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena Chygryn ◽  
Oleksii Lyulyov ◽  
Tetyana Pimonenko ◽  
Saad Mlaabdal
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Institutional Determinants ◽  
Oil Rents

Abstract The article aims to provide a theoretical basis for the assessment of the institutional impact on oil production. The availability of fuel is the key driver of the functioning national economy, which determines the strategic and tactical landmarks of socioeconomic development and vectors of the country's foreign economic course. Such tendencies are represented in the results of the provided correlation analysis of the fluctuation between oil-production volumes and greenhouse gas emissions, the use of alternative energy sources, the number of patents for oil production, and unemployment. The provided bibliometric analysis, which was made using VOSviewer, has shown the content of interconnections between the categories of oil production and institutional determinants. The authors hypothesised that changes in the institutional environment and their interconnectedness formed a chain “oil production and oil rents → the level of corruption → the efficiency of public governance”. The hypothesis was confirmed by constructing a system of dynamic models and using the Generalised Method of Moments. The calculations confirmed that oil rents were associated with corruption and were a direct threat to the stability of public institutions. An increasing level of corruption was associated with an increase in the level of rent payments and occurred only when the quality of democratic institutions was below the threshold level. The current level of efficiency in public administration did not have a significant impact on national oil production. Of all indicators, only the level of political stability had a statistically significant impact on oil production. The identified interconnections provide the basis for creating an efficient state policy aimed at effectively functioning state institutions, which promote the development of the oil industry, and the reduction of the country's energy dependence as well as strengthen the resilience of the national economy.

scholarly journals THE FEATURES OF ENTREPRENEURIAL INTERACTIONS IN THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR IN TERMS OF INSTITUTIONAL TRANSFORMATIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maksym Odnorog ◽  
Nataliia Kraus ◽  
Kateryna Kraus
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Institutional Transformation ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Business Entities

Entrepreneurship is one of the pillars of the economy of the country and covers all sectors irrespective of ownership forms. Currently, this activity is increasingly spreading in rural areas. Our research results on transformation in the agricultural sector of the economy show that it is due to the development of entrepreneurship and strengthening entrepreneurial orientation and improvement of business environment economic entities in rural areas they were able to quickly and efficiently adapt to market conditions and to enter the foreign market, therefore, the purpose of the paper is to define the basic principles and the principles of entrepreneurial activity, its specifics and trends in agriculture and rural areas, to show the beginning and the development of collective and individual entrepreneurship. Methodology. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research is the dialectical method of cognition and systematic approach, through which theoretical and methodological foundations of the development of business interactions in the agricultural sector in terms of institutional transformations. The results showed that in the article, the methodical design determining the nature and characteristics of agricultural business organically integrated the concept of institutional knowledge of the economic order, which allows us to identify the evolutionary concept of the formation of enterprises; the structure of the institutional system of entrepreneurship in the context of the evolution of this concept. Practical implications. The studied institutions create incentives for the development of science and education, encourage the mobility of production factors, and facilitate the transfer of scientific and technical information and the introduction of new technologies, promoting entrepreneurship and innovation. Conversely, inefficient institutions reduce the potential level of well-being, reduce reliability assurance of property rights, and enforce contracts. Value/originality. Given systematic and analytical characteristics of the effects, significance, dynamics of development of agrarian entrepreneurship in the context of institutional transformation, show the paradox, the stability of the institutional environment will not soon be reached, therefore, the dilemma of institutions remains unresolved. In general, the institutional transformation has ensured the formation of a mixed economy, the real pluralism of forms of ownership and agricultural management even if they are not yet fully institutionalized in the market. Transformations in the business environment we call the transformation of institutional conditions for the development of economic formations. Institute of entrepreneurship for the imperfections of the rules and conditions of economic interactions has not yet become mutually beneficial by the Institute for functional participants. Analysis of the development of agrarian enterprises in the conditions of institutional transformations proves the inconsistency of the institutional framework of entrepreneurial activity, which leads to a decrease in the number of enterprises – economic entities, non-transparent activities of business entities, the removal of landlords from participation in the activities of enterprises.

Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) for Inclusive Human Development: A Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kumar Gulati ◽  
Manveen Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Cognitive Responses ◽  
Information And Communications Technologies ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Work Family

Information and Communications Technologies (ICTs) adoption is increasing globally for human development because of its potential affect in many aspects of economic and societal activities such as GDP growth, employment, productivity, poverty alleviation, quality of life, education, clean water and sanitation, clean energy, and healthcare. Adoption of new technologies has been the main challenge in rural areas and is the main reason for the growing gap between rural and urban economy. The work related ICT use have also yielded mixed results; some studies show the individual’s perceived work-family conflict, negative cognitive responses e.g. techno stress while others show increased productivity, improved job satisfaction and work-family balance due to flexible work timings. This paper attempts to understand the role of ICT in human development areas of health, education and citizen empowerment taking into consideration of digital divide which exists in geographic area and within the communities through literature review.

scholarly journals The Nordic @geing Online project: Co-creating a social application together with older adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Nordmyr ◽  
A K Forsman
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Psychosocial Health ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
Online Services ◽  
Online Application ◽  
Development Fund

Abstract Background Online resources present various possibilities for health promotion, also in the growing older adult population. Tailored online services aiming to support social participation among users could potentially promote older adults’ psychosocial health. In the @geing Online project an online application is developed, focusing on access to meaningful social activities among older adults in rural areas in Finland and Sweden. The innovation project (2017-2020) is funded by the Interreg Botnia-Atlantica programme (European Regional Development Fund). Methods A collaborative, user-centred design approach is applied when developing the online application, allowing older potential users and personnel groups from the social and health care sector to evaluate application features in a step-wise process. The inclusion of personnel groups allows for the exploration of the feasibility of introducing the tool in home care services and similar relevant contexts from an organizational perspective. Further, the inclusion of regional IT-companies presents opportunities for them to develop their competence regarding eHealth tools and older adults as a target group. Results An advanced prototype of the application and its core features is presented. Promising approaches and outcomes regarding the co-creation methods applied to ensure the involvement of stakeholders in the development process are elaborated upon. Challenging issues related to the project theme, such as stereotypical and negative views of older adults’ competences and motivation related to application use are also discussed. Conclusions The project highlights possibilities - but also challenges - when co-creating a social application together with older adults, some of whom have no experience in internet use. The gathered project outcomes will provide lessons on the potential of new technologies for delivering health promotion initiatives among older adults. Key messages Tailored online services aiming to support social participation among users provide possibilities for promoting psychosocial health in the growing population of older adults. Application development utilizing a user-centered design approach can be implemented even if the end-users are not familiar with the internet or application use.

scholarly journals The role of employment in the development of Czech rural areas

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 465-470
Author(s):  
G. Pavlíková ◽  
P. Maříková
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Small Enterprise ◽  
Legal Form ◽  
Space Transformation ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
And Function

The rural area is a very important multifunctional space, with landscape enhancement value and function. These factors are then necessary for the directions of development process in rural communities. The countryside creates an important part of economic and social state system. The area of work and the employment of population into the productive age present ones of significant macro-economic indicators of the capacity of national economy. Changes of economy in the market space, transformation of companies of agricultural primary production to new legal form, restructuring of production and manpower in agriculture  caused leaving of part skilled of the workers, as well as other workers to another branches of national economy. In 1990’s, especially in the beginning during the transformation of Czech economy, there was a big boom of private business and new forms of business activities and subjects emerged. Traditional lifestyle, which continues in the Czech countryside, determined that small enterprise prevails here. Current economics clearly shows that small and medium enterprises have an unsubstitutable role in our economic development and greatly contribute to creating new jobs in individual regions.

Innovative and investment approaches to economic development of green tourism in rural areas in the context of decentralization

2021 ◽  
pp. 114-127
Author(s):  
Nataliia Vdovenko ◽  
Nataliia Korobova ◽  
Anna Nevesenko
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Key Words ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Sustainable Rural Development ◽  
Green Tourism

The purpose of the article is to substantiate the innovation and investment principles of green tourism in rural areas in the context of decentralization with a combination of production systems in order to explore opportunities and provide proposals for further functioning of the national economy. Methodology research is to use a set of methods: economic-statistical, monographic, system, economic- mathematical, abstract-logical and others. The scientific novelty of the obtained results is the introduction of innovative, economically feasible and research meth- ods with regard to sustainable development of green tourism in rural areas in decentralization, which are associated with the adaptation of theories, principles and rules of great importance for sustainable rural development of green tourism in the context of global transformations. Conclusions. The modern principles of effective functioning of green tourism in rural areas in the conditions of decen- tralization at a combination of production systems are substantiated. The tools of the general research methodology with regard to sustainable development of green tourism in rural areas in the context of decentralization are proposed. Adaptation of a system of theories, principles and rules that are essential for the formation of sustainable rural development are related. Key words: rural areas, decentralization, green tourism, innovations, branch, sustainable development, aquaculture, tools, methods.

Scientific approach using AHP to prioritize low volume rural roads for pavement maintenance

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akhilesh Nautiyal ◽  
Sunil Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Road Transportation ◽  
Rural Roads ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pavement Maintenance ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
The Government

PurposeA large number of roads have been constructed in the rural areas of India to connect habitations with the nearest major roads. With time, the pavements of these roads have deteriorated and they need some kind of maintenance, although they all do not need maintenance at the same time, as they have all not deteriorated to the same level. Hence, they have to be prioritized for maintenance.Design/methodology/approachIn order to present a scientific methodology for prioritizing pavement maintenance, the factors affecting prioritization and the relative importance of each were identified through an expert survey. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to scientifically establish weight (importance) of each factor based on its relative importance over other factors. The proposed methodology was validated through a case study of 203 low volume rural roads in the state of Himachal Pradesh in India. Ranking of these roads in order of their priority for maintenance was presented as the final result.FindingsThe results show that pavement distresses, traffic volume, type of connectivity and the socioeconomic facilities located along a road are the four major factors to be considered in determining the priority of a road for maintenance.Research limitations/implicationsThe methodology provides a comprehensive, scientific and socially responsible pavement maintenance prioritization method which will automatically select roads for maintenance without any bias.Practical implicationsTimely maintenance of roads will also save budgetary expenditure of restoration/reconstruction, leading to enhancement of road service life. The government will not only save money but also provide timely benefit to the needy population.Social implicationsRoad transportation is the primary mode of inland transportation in rural areas. Timely maintenance of the pavements will be of great help to the socioeconomic development of rural areas.Originality/valueThe proposed methodology lays special emphasis on rural roads which are small in length, but large in number. Instead of random, a scientific method for selection of roads for maintenance will be of great help to the public works department for better management of rural road network.

POSSIBILITIES OF IMPLEMENTING THE SMART DEVELOPMENT CONCEPT IN RURAL AREAS FROM A BUSINESS PERSPECTIVE. THE EXAMPLE OF EASTERN POLAND

2021 ◽  
Vol XIII (1) ◽  
pp. 100-112
Author(s):  
Magdalena Anna Zwolińska-Ligaj
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Smart Growth ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Opinion Poll ◽  
Local Sector ◽  
Endogenous Potential ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this paper was the evaluation of the impact of selected background conditions for implementing the smart village concept in the opinion of entrepreneurs. The assessment was based on an opinion poll on a sample of 240 entrepreneurs from three regions of Eastern Poland, using a questionnaire. The results were presented using descriptive analysis, including a comparative analysis of areas with low and high levels of smart growth potential. The presented results show that rural areas in the abovementioned regions, in general, create disadvantageous conditions for enhancing innovativeness through business activity, and the surveyed agents are characterised by a low level of innovativeness. In the opinion of the surveyed entrepreneurs, on the impact of selected factors on enterprise innovativeness, the potential impact of the local environment is above average. The findings point to a need to develop the endogenous potential of rural areas from peripheral regions by increasing access to modern ITC infrastructure and the role of the institutional environment in the process of knowledge transfer to the local sector of companies, the development of local connections in the business sector and within the scope of cooperation of local authorities with entrepreneurs.

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