scholarly journals HISTOLOGICAL CHANGES OF ADRENAL GLAND IN RABBITS DURING THE EXPERIMENTAL INFECTION WITH TRYPANOSOMA EVANSI AND AFTER TREATMENT WITH NAGANOL

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-142
Author(s):  
S. M. Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Experimental Infection ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Trypanosoma Evansi ◽  
Infected Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Focal Regeneration

The structural – functional changes in the adrenal glands associated with experimental infection with Trypanosoma evansi and the reversed changes after the treatment of rabbits with anti-trypanosomal drugs (Naganol, Bayer, 205) were studied. Thirty adult New Zealand male rabbits were divided into two groups: control group which include 12 rabbits while the infected group include 13 rabbits. Rabbits of infected group were injected I. V with 10 trypanosoma on 0.2 ml mice blood diluted with AL -sever's solution while rabbits of control group were injected with trypansoma free diluted mice blood. Forty-two days after infection the infected group were treated with neganol 10% sol. (20mg/ kg B.W, i.v) than all the rabbits were killed after 42 days of treatment. Microscopic examination of the hematoxylin-eosin stained adrenal gland revealed occurrence of degenerative changes of the zona fosciculata-reticulaties infltration of mononuclear cells, red blood cells and focal coagulative necrosis in both zone when compared with those of the control group, while treated group showed focal regeneration of secretort cells of both zone. It is concluded there were revers of structural-functional changes after treatment to the normal state.

scholarly journals Study the Effects of Methotrexate with and without Vitamin A on Some Biochemical and Histological Parameters in Male Rabbits

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-53
Author(s):  
Makarim Q. Al-Lami ◽  
Asmaa I. Sail ◽  
Salah M. Al-Chalabi ◽  
Ferial A. Al-Mahdawi
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Typical Structure ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Sinusoidal Dilatation

The present study aims to evaluate the effects of methotrexate (MTX) with and without vitamin A (Vit. A) on some biochemical parameters and histological structure in male rabbits liver. Twenty male rabbits weighing 1250-1480 gm were divided into four equal number groups. The first group was given 2 ml distilled water as control group. The second group was given MTX (20 mg/kg), the third group was given Vit. A (5000 IU), while the fourth group was given MTX (20 mg/kg) +Vit. A (5000 IU) in alternative days. Following four weeks of treatment, lipid profile total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), [low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)]; in addition to thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxin (T4)] and liver enzymes [glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT)] were determined in the serum. Also, the histological examination of liver of all the experimental groups were carried out. The results were revealed that the treatment with MTX caused a significant P≤0.05 increases in TC, HDL, LDL, T4, and GPT when compared with the control group. The treatment with Vit. A did not cause any significant P≥0.05 differences in all the studied parameters. The MTX+Vit. A treated group showed a significant P≤0.05 increases only in GPT compared with the control group; while a significant P≤0.05 decreases was found in TC, HDL, T3, T4, and GOT when compared with the MTX treated group. The histological examination of the liver sections showed that MTX administration caused major histological changes in comparison with the control such as inflammatory cell infiltrations, vascular congestion, sinusoidal dilatation and granular degeneration of hepatocytes. Treatment with Vit. A showed a typical structure in liver tissue. While in MTX+Vit. A group, the histological changes were less severe than those in the MTX treated group; these changes were granular degeneration of hepatocytes and sinusoidal dilatation at low levels. The overall results of this study confirmed that administration of Vit. A decreased the side effects of MTX; this protective effect of Vit. A may have clinical applications in chemotherapy.

scholarly journals Ameliorating Effect of L-arginine and Insulin on Streptozotocin-induced Adrenal Gland Injury in Albino Rats

1969 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 162-168
Author(s):  
Yasmeen Mahar ◽  
Alisha Qamar ◽  
lnayatullah ◽  
Sarwath Fatimee ◽  
Mohammad Fawad Saeeduddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Endocrine Gland ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Frozen Sections ◽  
Group B

Background:Use of dietary supplements to treat illnesses has increasedtremendously in recentyears.Adrenal gland is one ofthemost commonly damaged endocrine gland in the body, not only by chemical or radiation injuries, but also as a result of differenttypes of stress.Search is underway for use ofnatural foods for protection of adrenal gland from different types ofinsults.Objective: To determine the protective effects of L-arginine on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced adrenal gland injury in albino rats,andto compare its efficacy to insulin.Material and Methods: This prospective experimental study was done at BMSI, JPMC, Karachi. Forty male, healthy albino rats,90-120 days old were segregated into 4 groups. Group A was marked as control, group B was administered STZ, group C and Dwere treated with STZ along with insulin and L-arginine respectively. At the end of study period, i.e., 6 weeks, animals weresacrificed under ether anaesthesia. Tissue from the left adrenal gland was processed for frozen sectioning to observe fat content ofthe adrenal cortex by applying OilRed O stain.Results: Oil Red-0 stained frozen sections revealed closely aggregated fat globules in adrenal cortex of STZ treated group B ascompared to control. Moderate betterment was seen in group C and in group D Oil Red O stained frozen sections as compared toSTZ treated group B.Conclusion: The results ofthe study demonstrated adrenal cortex injury by STZ which ameliorated with concomitant use of insulinandL-arginine. The protection was more pronounced with L-arginine as comparedto insulin.Keywords:STZ, adrenal gland,insulin,L-arginine

scholarly journals The effectiveness of Pectin in the reduction of histological changes caused by exposure to monosodium glutamate in female mice: مدى فعالية البكتين في الحد من التغيرات النسيجية التي يسببها تناول جلوتامات أحادي الصوديوم على إناث الفئران

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Ibrahim Al Othman, Faten khalif Alanazi, Ghada Jaber S
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Central Vein ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is widely used as a food additive. Excessive consumption of monosodium glutamate has also been shown to affect the liver and kidneys, causing damage to these tissues because of oxidative stress leading to increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The purpose of the study described in this paper was to find out how the liver and kidney toxicity caused by monosodium glutamate can be mitigated using pectin. To this end, 30 albino mice females were divided into four groups. The animals were distributed in special cages. 12-15 weeks with an average body weight of 60 grams. The animals were divided into four groups: the experimental control group (1) comprising 5 female mice were given normal drinking water and the treated group (2) comprising 10 female mice were given monosodium glutamate at a dose of 3 g/kg body weight in drinking water. For three weeks, the treatment group (3) comprising 10 female mice was given pectin at a dose of 300 mg/70 kg body weight in drinking water immediately after the monosodium glutamate dose for three weeks and the pectin group (4) comprising 5 female mice were given Pectin at a dose of 300 mg/70 kg body weight in drinking water for three weeks. The mice were then anesthetized, dissected, and liver and kidney samples were taken from female mice and kept in a 10% neutral formalin solution to make tissue segments. The results showed many histological changes in the liver, such as congestion of the central vein, widening of the sinuses, and the appearance of signs of the death of most hepatocytes, infiltration of the central vein and an invasion of inflammatory cells around the central vein with the emergence of several gaps within the cells. Many of them cavity with the death of most of the tubule cells, the closure of some of them and the expansion and infiltration in others and bleeding inside the tissue. Pectin therapy has led to the disappearance of most of these changes and the emergence of a clear improvement in hepatic and renal tissue.

scholarly journals Parathyroid function and calcium concentration in serum of dexamethasone treated rabbits

2000 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-133
Author(s):  
Mashi S. K. ◽  
Al-Ar'rak J. K.
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Gland ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Parathyroid Function ◽  
Physiological Saline Solution ◽  
Therapeutic Doses

This experiment was carried out to determine structural functional changes which could be caused due to uses of dexamethasone at daily therapeutic doses in rabbits for a reasonable period. Ten adult male rabbits were randomly divided into two equal groups control and treatment. Animals of the treatment group were intramuscularly injected with dexamethasone sod. citrate (0.06 mg/100g.B.W.) for 14 days. Animals of control group received the same dose of normal physiological saline solution blood samples were collected every other day until 48 hours after the last injection serum was isolated for measurement of calcium concentrations. At the end of the experiment tissue samples from the parathyroid glands were isolate to prepare histological stained sections . Dexamethasone did not cause significant changes in serum concentration of calcium of treated group compared with its concentrations in control group. Light microscopic examination of hematoxylin eosion stained sections of parathyroid gland showed enlargement and increase in number of light chief cells indicating increased secretory activity due to dexamethasone injection. The increased of parathyroid gland activity explain the maintenance of total calcium level within the normal range in spite of the expected hypocalcemia due to dexamethasone administration. 

scholarly journals The effect of usage of Artemisia herba alba and Urtica dioica herbs extracts on the histopathological changes of Eimeria tenella parasite in the broiler chick.

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (0A) ◽  
pp. 165-173
Author(s):  
Haider Mohammad Ali Al-Rubaie1
Keyword(s):  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Eimeria Tenella ◽  
Urtica Dioica ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Epithelial Layer ◽  
Histopathological Changes

This study was conducted to determine the biological effects of both Artemisia herba alba andUrtica dioica on the pathogenesis of Eimeria tenella, so 150 broilers, 7days old (Ross breed)were used, divided randomly into 6 groups. The first fourth groups include 30 chicks for eachgroup, while fifth and sixth groups have 15 chicks for each, consider as positive and negativegroups.The first five groups infected orally with 1000 oocysts of E.tenella directly into the cropat 17 days old. Histopathological examination of cecae in the treated groups with Urtica dioicarevealed moderate mononuclear cells (MNCs) infiltration, while sever lymphocytic aggregationswere seen in the treated group of water extract comparing with less cellular inflammatoryinfiltration was seen in the treated group with Artemisia herba alba .Severe degeneration andnecrotic changes were appeared in epithelial layer of mucus glands as well as appearance ofdegenerated schizonts in the section of the control group.

Effects of Icariin on Histomorphometric Changes of Testis and Prostate Induced by Acrylamide in Mice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahsa Doctor Arastoye Marandi ◽  
Maryam Yadegari ◽  
Abbas Shahedi ◽  
Majid Pourentezari ◽  
Morteza Anvari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Sham Group ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Testis Weight ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Control Sham

Background and Aims: This study aimed to observe the effect of Icariin on histomorphometric changes of testis and prostate induced by Acrylamide. Materials and Methods: Male mice were divided into four groups (n=8): A is the control group and does not get any treatment, B is the sham group and only received drinking water. C group received Acrylamide 10 mg/kg. D group received Acrylamide 15 mg/kg+1.5 mg/kg of Icariin. Histological changes in testis and prostate were examined using stereological methods. Results: Results showed decreases in testis weight of the group treated by (p≤0.01) and the group cured by Acrylamide +Icariin group (p≤0.05). The total volume of testis showed a reduction in the Acrylamide  group compared to other groups (p≤0.05). The total number of spermatogonia and spermatocyte cells in the Acrylamide group showed a decrease in comparison with the other groups (p≤0.05). The total number of spermatid cells in the Acrylamide group indicated a significant reduction in comparison with the control and sham group (p≤0.05). The total number of sertoli cells in the Acrylamide group showed a reduction when the number of leydig cells in the Acrylamide group showed a significant decrease in comparison with the control, sham, and Acrylamide+Icariin groups (p≤0.05). The mean Johnsen score was decreased in the Acrylamide treated group compared to control, sham, and Acrylamide+Icariin groups (p≤0.05). Testosterone concentration in the Acrylamide group showed a reduction in comparison with control, sham, and Acrylamide+Icariin groups (p≤0.05). Conclusion: Results demonstrated that Acrylamide altered the structure of the testis, prostate gland, and spermatogenesis stage, and Icariin treatment improved these histopathological changes.

NTPDase activity in lymphocytes of rats infected by Trypanosoma evansi

Parasitology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 139 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
CAMILA B. OLIVEIRA ◽  
ALEKSANDRO S. DA SILVA ◽  
VIVIANE C. G. SOUZA ◽  
MARCIO M. COSTA ◽  
JEANDRE A. S. JAQUES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atp Hydrolysis ◽  
Adenine Nucleotides ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Trypanosoma Evansi ◽  
Infected Group ◽  
Enzyme Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

SUMMARYTrypanosoma evansi is the aetiological agent of trypanosomosis in domestic animals. In this pathology, an inflammatory response can be observed and, as a consequence, the increase of extracellular adenine nucleotides such as ATP. These nucleotide concentrations are regulated by ectoenzymes such as NTPDase (EC 3.6.1.5, CD39), which catalyses the hydrolysis of ATP and ADP into AMP. In this study, the activity of NTPDase in lymphocytes of rats experimentally infected with T. evansi was evaluated. The animals were inoculated with the parasite and monitored by blood smear on a daily basis. The animals were then were divided into 4 groups according to the degree of parasitaemia and period of infection. The blood collections for enzyme analysis and lymphocyte count were performed on the 3rd (beginning of infection), 5th (acute infection) and 15th (chronic infection) days post-infection (p.i.). The control group was composed of non-infected animals. In the infected group a decrease in ATP hydrolysis (36%) was observed on the 3rd day p.i. and a decrease in ADP hydrolysis (62%) was observed on the 5th day p.i. when compared to the control. On the 15th day p.i., an increase in ATP (94%) and ADP (50%) hydrolysis was observed in the infected group. Considering these data it is suggested that NTPDase activity is altered on the surface of lymphocytes of rats infected with T. evansi at different time-points of infection.

scholarly journals Interferon Alpha on Expression of hTERT mRNA in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuan-wu Zhu ◽  
Ming Chen ◽  
Xiang-rong Luo ◽  
Hai-yan Wang ◽  
Li-hua Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Cell Aging ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Htert Mrna ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear

Cell division is closely related to telomerase activity (hTERT mRNA). Lower expression of lymphocitic hTERT mRNA may easily cause cell aging, which is not beneficial to maintaining a durable lymphocyte division. To date, there is no study to investigate IFNα therapy on hTERT mRNA expression in PBMCs of patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). We quantitatively detected hTERT mRNA from study subjects and made each hTERT mRNA normalized (NhTERT mRNA). Mean NhTERT mRNA level was lower in either CHB group, but it significantly increased in IFNα-treated group compared with CHB control group, and a longer duration of IFNα therapy could increase the level. Moreover, the mean NhTERT mRNA in subgroup with HBeAg loss was significantly higher than that in subgroup without. NhTERT mRNA was markedly correlated with CD3+T lymphocyte count and CD4+/CD8+ratio. The results showed that IFNα therapy could upregulate the expression of hTERT mRNA in PBMCs.

scholarly journals Effect of Betaine on Hepatic and Renal Functions in Acrylamide Treated Rats.

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-147
Author(s):  
Sadiq Jaffer Ramadhan
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Uric Acid Concentration ◽  
Functional Changes

This study was designed to evaluate the ameliorative role of betaine on hepatic and renal dysfunction caused by acrylamide in female rats. Thirty two (32) adult female rats were randomly and equally divided into four groups (G1, G2, G3 and G4) and were treated for (65) days as following: Group G1 (Control group), G2: rats were intubated 250mg/kg B.W of betaine; animals in group G3 were intubated 1mg/kg B.W of acrylamide, in addition to acrylamide. 250mg/kg B.W of betaine were administered orally to rats in groups G4. Fasting (8-12 hrs.) blood samples were collected by cardio puncture technique at the end of the experiment, serum were collected for measuring the following parameters A: liver enzyme makers; serum activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)  B; renal function parameters including: serum creatinine, urea and uric acid concentration. The hepato and renal protective effect of betaine was clarified in groups (G2 and G4) manifested by significant decrease in serum, ALT, AST and ALP activity, as well as  significant decrease in serum creatinine, urea and uric acid concentration comparing to acrylamide (G3) treated group. Such functional changes were accompanied with structural (histopathological) alteration in hepatic and renal tissue. In conclusion, the results of the current study documented the negative effect of acrylamide on liver and kidney function and documented hepatorenal protective effect of betaine.

scholarly journals Anti-tumoral Effect of a Cell Penetrating and Interfering Peptide Targeting PP2A/SET Interaction

Folia Medica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Laura Andrini ◽  
Gustavo H. Marin ◽  
Ana Maria Inda ◽  
Heriberto Bruzzoni-Giovanelli ◽  
Marcela Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Breast Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Cell Penetrating

Objective: To test cell penetrating and interfering peptide Mut3DPT-PP2A/SET in interaction between serine threonine phosphatase PP2A and its physiological inhibitor, the oncoprotein SET.Materials and methods: Adult male C3H/S-strain mice, 60 days old, were given a graft of breast adenocarcinoma cells (TN60) into subcutaneous tissue. Mut3DPT-PP2A/SET peptide was used to block PP2A and SET oncoprotein interaction. The graft-bearing animals were divided into a control group (injected with saline buffer), and an intervention group injected intraperitoneally with Mut3DPT-PP2A/SET peptide (5 mg/kg) every day from day 5 to day 37. The variables we used to compare the outcome in both groups were tumor size in mm (length&times;width) and histological changes. In the statistical analysis we used ANOVA and Student-Keuls multiple comparisons test and Tuckey for the post-test analysis.Results: 48 mice were grafted at day 0 with breast UNLP-C3H/S tumor cells, and after randomization, they were assigned to one of the two study groups. At day 5 all mice were injected either with placebo or with the peptide. The treated group showed significant tumor reduction (p<0.07). Histological changes showed presence of apoptosis and necrosis of tumor in treated group.Conclusion: The peptide Mut3DPT-PP2A/SET has demonstrated anti-tumor activity by reduction in vivo of tumor growth becoming a promising future in anticancer therapy.&nbsp;

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document