scholarly journals ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS PENUKAR KALOR PIPA HELIKAL DESTILASI MINYAK ATSIRI KAYU PUTIH

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 127-132
Author(s):  
Antonius Hatumessen ◽  
Nicolas Titahelu ◽  
Cendy S. Tupamahu
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Fluid Temperature ◽  
Straight Pipe ◽  
Shell Side ◽  
Inlet Velocity ◽  
Eucalyptus Oil ◽  
Helical Pipe ◽  
Distillation System ◽  
Pitch Ratio

The Eucalyptus plant is one of the essential oil-producing plants. Eucalyptus oil processing generally uses the distillation method. Traditionally used eucalyptus oil distillation uses a straight pipe condenser. The weakness of the straight pipe condenser is that the temperature of the condensate that comes out is still very high, this shows that the effectiveness of the straight pipe condenser is not optimal. To optimize the effectiveness of the distillation system condenser, a condenser with a helical pipe type condenser is designed in the essential oil distillation system. This study will vary the ratio of the pitch distance to the diameter of the condenser pipe, which aims to obtain an effective helical coil pitch ratio to optimize the effectiveness of the helical pipe condenser. This study uses the simulation method on COMSOL Multiphysics 5.4. The pitch ratio variant used is 2.1; 2.62; 3.15; 3.67; 4.2. The parameters that are constant in this study are the inlet fluid temperature on the tube side 373 K, the inlet fluid temperature on the shell side 288 K, the fluid inlet velocity on the tube side 0.2 m/s, and the fluid inlet velocity on the shell side 1 m/s. The results of the simulation by varying the pitch ratio show that the effectiveness increases as the pitch ratio value decreases, where the highest effectiveness is shown at pitch ratio of 2.1 which 75.9% and the lowest effectiveness is shown to pitch ratio of 4.2 which 70.7%.

Numerical Simulation of High-Temperature Air Direct-Ignition of Pulverized Coal

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Z. Kang ◽  
B. M. Sun ◽  
Y. H. Guo ◽  
W. Zhang ◽  
H. Q. Wei
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Pulverized Coal ◽  
Inlet Velocity ◽  
Operation Optimization ◽  
Structure Improvement ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Direct Ignition

Numerical simulation method is employed in this article to investigate various high-temperature air direct-ignition processes of pulverized coal (PC). Several important factors are analyzed, which are the inlet velocity of primary air flow, PC concentration and the velocity and temperature of high temperature air. The flow, combustion and heat transfer in high temperature air oil-free ignition burner can also be obtained from the simulation results, which are in accordance with the experimental data. The research provides guidance for structure improvement and operation optimization of burner.

scholarly journals AGE-SPECIFIC DYNAMICS OF ESSENTIAL OIL CONTENT IN ABIES SIBIRICA BARK. THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF EVALUATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 175-182
Author(s):  
Sergey Viktorovich Ushanov ◽  
Valentina Mikhaylovna Ushanova
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Compartment Model ◽  
Parametric Identification ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Siberian Fir ◽  
Abies Sibirica

The variability of the essential oil content in Abies Sibirica bark in the Eastern and Western parts of the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe was evaluated in eight age groups. The model of the age dynamics of changes in the essential oil content in the bark of Abies Sibirica, which is adequate to the experimental data, was obtained. With increasing age of fir, the content of fir oil in the bark increases from 1.4±0.1% of a. s. s. in 20–30 years of age to 2.8±0.2% of a.s.s. at the age of 70–80 years, with further decreases to 0.4±0.1% of a. s. s. in overmature trees. The results of parametric identification of the model for Abies Sibirica growing in the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe are presented. Based on the results of 50.000 computational experiments, the simulation method estimates the statistics of changes in the model coefficients and 95% of the boundary of the forecast values of the content of fir oil in the bark. A compartment model is proposed that explains the age-specific dynamics of essential oil content in tree greens and Siberian fir bark. The obtained solution compartment model allows us to associate its parameters with the coefficients of models of changes in the content of fir oil in tree greens and bark obtained by processing experimental data.

Investigation on Fluid Induced Vibration of Heat Exchanger Beyond Pitch Ratio Range in TEMA Standards and GB/T 151

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Tan ◽  
Kai Guo ◽  
Zhanbin Jia ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
Liyan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Elastic Instability ◽  
Additional Mass ◽  
Shell Side ◽  
Mass Coefficient ◽  
New Type ◽  
High Turbulence ◽  
Pitch Ratio ◽  
Ratio Range

In new design of heat exchangers with high turbulence intensity and low pressure drop in the shell side, parameters or structures beyond the standards may be adopted and failure risk due to fluid induced vibration can increase. As pitch ratio is related with some significant parameters, the range of pitch ratio determines whether the FIV calculation could be established. In this research, FIV of heat exchangers with pitch ratio beyond the standards was investigated on mechanisms such as vortex shedding, turbulent buffeting and fluid elastic instability. Both theoretical and numerical methods have been applied during the study to get parameters beyond the pitch ratio range. Parameters related to pitch ratio such as additional mass coefficient Cm and damping ratio ζ were extended, and then verified by experiments. Calculating cases on several conditions were accomplished as well as comparation with literatures. The results and methods could be guidelines for the design of new type of heat exchangers and references in the amendment of relevant standards.

scholarly journals Contact and Fumigant Toxicity of Essential Oils Against Callosobruchus maculatus

1970 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 63-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Mahfuz ◽  
M Khalequzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Callosobruchus Maculatus ◽  
Fumigant Toxicity ◽  
Cowpea Weevil ◽  
Eucalyptus Oil ◽  
Contact Bioassay ◽  
Fourth Position

Toxicity of five essential oils (EOs), viz. cardamom, cinnamon, clove, eucalyptus and neem oils were investigated against the cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculates (Fab.) adults, through contact and fumigation bioassay. In the contact bioassay eucalyptus oil was found to be the most effective in inducing mortality both after 24 and 48 h of treatments. The toxicity of the oils followed in the order: eucalyptus > clove > cinnamon > cardamom > neem. In the fumigation bioassay, however, a reverse result was obtained with eucalyptus oil where it shows the last position for 24 h and fourth position for 48 h after treatments. The efficacy in respect of the toxicity followed in the order: clove > cinnamon > cardamom > neem > eucalyptus after 24 h after treatment, and clove > cinnamon > cardamom > eucalyptus > neem after 48 h after treatments. Keywords: Essential oil, bioassay, LD50, C. maculates Univ. j. zool. Rajshahi Univ. Vol. 26, 2007. pp. 63-66

Use of perforation and mathematical modeling to increase solar based steam distillation system efficiency

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Arslan Afzal ◽  
Anjum Munir ◽  
Waseem Amjad ◽  
Jorge L. Alvarado ◽  
Muhammad Umair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
System Efficiency ◽  
Solar Distillation ◽  
Distillation System ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Different Parts

Abstract Solar distillation system has recently been explored and used for the extraction of essential oil from different agricultural herbs. The efficiency of conventional distillation systems is low and most are driven by hot gases. On the other hand, the solar-driven distillation system has higher efficiency and is based on renewable energy. The modified solar distillation system comprises a Scheffler reflector “concentrator”, newly design steam receiver, distillation still, steam condenser, florentine flask and biomass-based boiler. A perforated circular pan added at the still bottom and pattern of steam flow and temperature distribution was examined using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) technique. The CFD simulation results showed that homogeneity in the steam distribution in the distillation still which is required to get maximum essential oil extraction efficiency. The energy dissemination at different parts of newly design solar distillation system was estimated using mathematical modeling. The results of different experiments showed that the yield of essential oils from fresh Rosemary and Cumin were 0.17% w/w and 1.11% w/w respectively. The efficiency of the modified solar distillation system with a perforated pan and steam receiver was found to be 8% higher than the previous system.

scholarly journals ESSENTIAL OIL OF THYMUS PECTINATUS FISCH&MEY.VAR.PECTINATUS: CHEMICAL FORMATION, ANTIMICROBIAL, ANTIOXIDANT, ANTISPASMODIC AND ANGIOGENIC ACTIVITIES

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Ayşegül Göze Saygın ◽  
İsmihan Göze ◽  
Ahmet Alim ◽  
Nazlı Ercan ◽  
Nedim Durmuş ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Antispasmodic Activity ◽  
Distillation System ◽  
Angiogenic Effect ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Main Components

Background: Thymus species are well-known as medicinal plants. It was aimed to investigate the chemical composition of Thymus pectinatus (TP) and its antioxidant, antimicrobial, antispasmodic, and angiogenic activities. Materials and Methods: After essential oil of TP (EO-TP) was obtained with clevenger distillation system, it was analyzed for chemical composition with GC-MS. To study antispasmodic activity, eight male Wistar albino rats each weighing approximately 250-300 g were used. Results: The results of the analysis revealed 19 components, which equals to 92.93 of the essential oil. The following are the main components; thymol (48.77%), m-cymene (9.15%), isoborneol (5.19%), trans-caryophyllene (4.43%), carvacrol (3.91%) and -terpinene (3.54%). It has been found that microorganisms subjected to whole all of microbiological tests are highly resistant to EO-TP. 2,2- diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl, hydroxyl radical, along with superoxide radical scavenging, and lipid peroxidation says were utilized to show the antioxidant activities of the EO-TP. In measuring its effect, 0.1 mg/mL and 0.5 mg/mL dosage of the EO-TP was applied to the rat ileum as a result of which the magnitude and the frequency of the contractions were observed to be significantly. Conclusion: It was also understood that EO-TP had angiogenic effect upon the vein system of the embryos of chicks. There is a need for further studies to clarify the mechanisms of antimicrobial, antioxidant and angiogenic effects and to determine the constituents of EO-TP responsible from these effects, especially the angiogenic.

Development of hybrid solar distillation system for essential oil extraction

2017 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 22-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arslan Afzal ◽  
Anjum Munir ◽  
Abdul Ghafoor ◽  
Jorge L. Alvarado
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Solar Distillation ◽  
Distillation System

Free-Forced Convection in the Entry Region of a Heated Straight Pipe

1978 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lun-Shin Yao
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Forced Convection ◽  
Axial Velocity ◽  
Convection Boundary Layer ◽  
Fluid Temperature ◽  
Straight Pipe ◽  
Horizontal Pipe ◽  
Core Flow ◽  
Developing Flow ◽  
Axial Pressure Gradient

The developing flow in the entry region of a horizontal pipe whose temperature is held constant and higher than the entry fluid temperature is analyzed. The asymptotic solution of the developing flow near the entrance of the heated straight pipe, distance 0(a), is obtained by perturbing the solution of the developing flow in an unheated straight pipe. The displacement of the boundary layer induces radial-directional and downward motion of the fluid particles in the inviscid core flow. The combination of these two motions results in two vortices developing along the pipe. The temperature in the core flow equals the entry fluid temperature. The forced convection boundary layer is affected by the buoyancy force and the axial pressure gradient induced by the boundary-layer displacement, and so is the heat transfer rate. The axial velocity has a concave profile with its maximum off the center line near the entrance, and it grows toward a uniformly distributed profile downstream. The downward stream caused by the displacement of the secondary boundary layer forces the axial velocity profile to turn counterclockwise continuously along the pipe if the flow is from left to right. The competition of two displacement effects supplies the physical explanation of why the flow pattern and the temperature distribution in heated pipes differ due to different degrees of heating.

Numerical Simulation of a Helical Pipe Coalescence Device

2012 ◽  
Vol 516-517 ◽  
pp. 1062-1065
Author(s):  
Zhen Wang ◽  
Ming Hu Jiang ◽  
Ping Tao Hou ◽  
Qing Jiao Sheng ◽  
Li Xin Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Water Phase ◽  
Pipe Diameter ◽  
Gyration Radius ◽  
Oil Droplet ◽  
Inlet Velocity ◽  
Helical Pipe ◽  
Fluent Software ◽  
Operation Parameters

A model of coalescing helical pipe is established through the analysis to the oil phase in continuous water phase inside a helical pipe, by using Fluent software. The influence of structural parameters and operation parameters of helical pipes on oil droplet coalescing effect is verified. Results show that the oil drop coalescing effect increases with the rise of gyration radius and number of turns of helical pipe, and decreases with the rise of the helical pipe diameter and inlet velocity.

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