scholarly journals The Crime of Witchcraft and Vigilante Action (Eigenrichting)

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
Syamsuddin Syamsuddin ◽  
Ridwan Ridwan ◽  
Iksan Iksan
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
The Social ◽  
Criminal Procedure Law ◽  
Inductive Methods

The witchcraft incident in Bima Regency has threatened the safety and security of human life, witchcraft has triggered people to take vigilante actions (Eigenrichting) as a counter reaction by means of destruction, persecution and even murder. This study aims to determine public perceptions related to witchcraft, and also to find out why witchcraft always results in mass vigilante action (Eigenrichting) so that prevention and resolution efforts can be formulated. This study uses empirical or sociological research, data collection is carried out by direct and structured interviews and through literature study, while drawing conclusions using inductive methods. The results showed, first; In the period 2016-2021, there were 53 cases of alleged witchcraft practices in Bima Regency, damaging the social order and disrupting community stability. The community considers witchcraft as a dangerous or evil act, because the motive and purpose of using witchcraft is to torture, and/or kill human souls; Second; The behavior of witchcraft has led to vigilante actions (Eigenrichting) in some people, this is due to the existence of a legal vacuum that has not regulated the act of witchcraft and how to solve it legally. The act of vigilantism (Eigenrichting) appears as a form of reaction that arises from the community due to their rights and comfort being disturbed, which action is manifested in the form of violence as an act of revenge against the perpetrators of witchcraft. The juridical conclusion that the terminology of witchcraft and vigilante acts (Eigenrichting) have not been specifically regulated in the current laws and regulations as prohibited acts and are threatened with punishment. As a suggestion that the terminology and elements of the criminal act of witchcraft in the current Criminal Code Bill need to be expanded further, as well as the system of proving the crime of witchcraft in the Indonesian criminal procedure law needs to obtain further, more complete arrangements.

What Makes a Hero? Theorising the Social Structuring of Heroism

Sociology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristian Frisk
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Social Phenomenon ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Social Structuring ◽  
The Relationship

The article discusses four dominant perspectives in the sociology of heroism: the study of great men; hero stories; heroic actions; and hero institutions. The discussion ties together heroism and fundamental sociological debates about the relationship between the individual and the social order; it elucidates the socio-psychological, cultural/ideational and socio-political structuring of heroism, which challenges the tendency to understand people, actions and events as naturally, or intrinsically, heroic; and it points to a theoretical trajectory within the literature, which has moved from very exclusive to more inclusive conceptualisations of a hero. After this discussion, the article examines three problematic areas in the sociology of heroism: the underlying masculine character of heroism; the presumed disappearance of the hero with modernisation; and the principal idea of heroism as a pro-social phenomenon. The article calls for a more self-conscious engagement with this legacy, which could stimulate dialogue across different areas of sociological research.

scholarly journals Tantangan dan Antisipasi Pendidikan Agama Islam di Tengah Arus Globalisasi

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Pandu Hyangsewu
Keyword(s):  
Religious Education ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Human Life ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Face ◽  
Education Needs ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Self Potential ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Islamic Values

Perkembangan zaman yang begitu cepat tidak dapat dipungkiri lagi akan mempengaruhi kehidupan manusia. Globalisasi yang terjadi sudah mengubah pola kehidupan manusia, dimana dampaknya bukan hanya efek positif melainkan dapat menghadirkan efek negatif pula. Pengaruh globalisasi saat ini sudah melarutkan nilai-nilai Pendidikan Agama Islam mulai dari tatanan kebudayaan, adat istiadat dan nilai-nilai luhur ajaran Islam. Padahal Pendidikan Agama Islam mempunyai peranan yang penting dalam kehidupan manusia sebagai pendidikan yang bersifat mutlak, Pendidikan Agama Islam perlu dioptimlkan sebagai usaha pengembangan potensi diri agar tidak mudah terjerumus dalam gelapnya kehidupan di era globalisasi. Untuk itu, perlu diketahui berbagai macam tantangan dan antisipasi yang dapat dilakukan melalui Pendidikan Agama Islam di tengah arus globalisasi. Tujuan artikel ini untuk menjelaskan permasalahan Pendidikan Agama Islam saat ini dan bagaimana cara mengantisipasinya dalam menghadapi era globalisasi. Data dalam tulisan ini menggunakan studi literatur yang dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa globalisasi dapat menjadi peluang sekaligus tantangan bagi Pendidikan Agama Islam. Arus globalisasi bukan sebagai kawan ataupun lawan bagi Pendidikan Agama Islam, melainkan sebagai dinamisator. Ketika Pendidikan Agama Islam tidak mengikuti arus globalisasi  maka akan mengalami hambatan intelektual. Sebaliknya, ketika Pendidikan Agama Islam mengikuti arus globalisasi tanpa berlandaskan pada keislaman maka akan terlindas dan tidak tahu arah. Oleh karena itu, Pendidikan Agama Islam harus memposisikan diri di tengah arus globalisasi  dalam arti yang sesuai dengan pedoman dan ajaran nilai-nilai Islam agar dapat diadopsi dan dikembangkan pada kehidupan manusia   The development of the era is so fast undeniably it will affect human life, Globalization has changed the pattern of human life, where the impact is not only a positive effect but can also bring adverse consequences. The influence of globalization now has dissolved the values ​​of Islamic religious education, starting from the social order, customs, and ethical values ​​of Islamic teachings. Even though Islamic education has an essential role in human life, as a comprehensive education, Islamic religious education needs to be optimized as an effort to develop self-potential, so as not to fall prey to the darkness of life in the era of globalization. For this reason, we need to know various kinds of challenges and anticipation that can be done, through Islamic religious education amid globalization. The purpose of this article is to explain the current issue of Islamic religious education and how to anticipate it in the face of the era of globalization. The data in this paper uses literature studies which are analyzed descriptively. The results of the survey show that globalization can be an opportunity as well as a challenge for Islamic religious education. The current of globalization is neither a friend nor an opponent for Islamic religious education but as a dynamism. When Islamic religious education does not follow the flow of globalization, it will experience mental obstacles. Conversely, when Islamic religious education follows the flow of globalization without being, based on Islam. It will get run over and don't know the direction. Therefore, Islamic religious education must position itself in the midst of globalization. in a sense that is by the guidelines and teachings of Islamic values ​​so that they can be adopted and developed in human life

Hobbes's Artifice as Social Construction

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raia Prokhovnik
Keyword(s):  
Social Construction ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Social World ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
Individual Identity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Constructionist Approach

AbstractThe paper argues that Leviathan can be interpreted as employing a constructionist approach in several important respects. It takes issue with commentators who think that, if for Hobbes man is not naturally social, then man must be naturally unsocial or naturally purely individual. First, Hobbes's key conceptions of the role of artifice and nature-artifice relations are identified, and uncontroversially constructionist elements outlined, most notably Hobbes's conceptualisation of the covenant. The significance of crucial distinctions in Leviathan, between the civil and the social, between science and philosophy, between mankind's nature and the human condition, is developed. A constructionist reading of the argument of Leviathan is then advanced. The interpretation focuses on the contribution of nature-artifice relations, and of Hobbes's notion of civil philosophy, in understanding the critical issues of the state of nature and individual subjectivity. This reconstruction of the meaning of the text highlights the necessarily social character of human life in Leviathan, expressed in the way that the social' gives meaning to the 'natural', as well as because for Hobbes we live in a mind-affected world of perception and ideas. Leviathan can be interpreted as, in particular, a political social construction, because both social and individual identity logically require the social order and arrangements that only a strong government can supply. The social world, in Leviathan, cannot exist prior to the generation of a political framework, in civil society, the commonwealth, and law.

The Value of Life

1977 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald W. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Death Penalty ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Value Of Life ◽  
Economic Disadvantage ◽  
Innocent People ◽  
Racial And Ethnic Minorities ◽  
The Social

The use of the death penalty in modern civilized nations is unnecessary and destructive of the social order. A careful review of the evidence indicates that, even when the risk of execution has been relatively high, the death penalty has not been shown to provide better protection for society than available alternatives. The use of the death penalty has, in fact, encouraged murder, and innocent people have been executed. The death penalty has been discriminatorily applied to racial and ethnic minorities and will continue to be, despite the current Supreme Court guidelines. The death penalty has few economic advantages, and systematic use of restitution and recoupment would make the death penalty a decided economic disadvantage for society. Setting a poor model for the community, the death penalty reduces respect for the law and places a low value on human life.

scholarly journals Self-Identification in Mixed Ethnic Family

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.38) ◽  
pp. 546
Author(s):  
Dina Kabdullinovna Tanatova ◽  
Ivan Vladimirovich Korolev ◽  
Tatyana Nikolaevna Yudina ◽  
Svetlana Viktorovna Koroleva ◽  
Evgeny Aleksandrovich Lidzer
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
The Social ◽  
The One ◽  
Identification Processes ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Specific Identity

The article analyzes self-identification processes in mixed ethnic families. Despite the existing opinion that ethnic meaning of many social phenomena gradually disappears from the social context, ethnic identity and self-identification still play a significant role in the organization of everyday life, in the interaction of various social groups. The problem of ethnic identity is manifested in various spheres of human life, including the sphere of family and family relations. On the one hand, in mixed ethnic families, parents can translate the originality of different cultures, traditions, and values to children. On the other hand, some may form ethnic hostility, self-isolation, fears and concerns in them. Moreover, a mixed ethnic family is able to form ethnic marginality among its members. The results of the authors’ sociological research led to the conclusion about the specific identity of children in mixed ethnic families living in Russia, where one of the parents is Russian.   

scholarly journals SOCIAL CONDITIONALITY OF THE CRIMINAL-LEGAL PROHIBITION OF HOOLIGAN ACTIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-87
Author(s):  
Yehor Nazymko ◽  
◽  
Dmytro Demchyshyn ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Full Compliance ◽  
The Social ◽  
Similar Intensity ◽  
Discretionary Powers

The article examines the social conditionality of the criminal-legal prohibition of hooligan actions. The expediency of analyzing the social conditionality of the criminal-legal prohibition of hooligan actions as a cross-cutting criminal legal category is substantiated, taking into account the systemic connections between all elements of crimes, a constructive feature of which is hooliganism. Taking into account the peculiarities of the appointment of normative prescriptions of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, prohibiting hooligan actions in the system of criminal law regulation, a system of circumstances of social conditionality of the criminal law prohibition of hooligan actions has been determined: historical; predictive; technical and legal. As a result of the study, it was established that the criminal-legal prohibition of hooligan actions at the level of the existence of Art. 296 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, fully socially conditioned. With regard to historical circumstances, the same act of «hooliganism» is artificial for Ukraine from a historical point of view, the criminal law prohibition does not correspond to the Ukrainian mentality, ordinary citizens in most cases do not perceive hooliganism as a crime, hooliganism does not fully fit into the modern paradigm of the development of social relationship. During the study of the prognostic circumstances of the criminal law prohibition of hooligan actions, research attention is focused on the social danger of this act (two main criteria are the object of the crime and the intensity of the criminal encroachment). It has been proved that through the abstractness of understanding social order, there is a difficulty in its perception as an object of hooliganism. With regard to the intensity of hooligan actions, other types of related crimes have a similar intensity (with inherent signs of gross violation, obvious disrespect for society, insolence and exceptional cynicism). Therefore, it is virtually impossible to assess this indicator of public danger. It is proved that the qualifying signs of hooliganism do not correspond to the signs of consistency and normative consistency. For other elements of political circumstances (except for the availability of resources), it is also established in full compliance. Based on the study of the technical and legal circumstances of the criminal-legal prohibition of hooligan actions, it was stated that the wording of Art. 296 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine inherent inaccuracies in wording. This, in general, leads to the existence of a contradiction between the norms of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, endows the court and law enforcement agencies with excessive discretionary powers.

scholarly journals Dinamka Konflik Antar Etnis Dayak dan Etnis Madura di Samalantan Kalimantan Barat

ijd-demos ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sutianti Sutianti
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Scientific Paper ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
Government Role ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Conflict is one of the social phenomena that continues to exist in human life. Conflict usually comes from several aspects such as social change, differences in authority (authority), differences in interests and cultural differences. Because Indonesia is a very diverse country of pluralism it is a variety of ethnic and ethnic diversity. Such diversity and diversity can lead to ethnic conflict. Simply put, this article will analyze the causes of conflict between ethnic Dayak and Madura in West Kalimantan, especially in Samalantan sub-district, how the impact will be caused by the conflict between Dayak ethnic with Madura in Samalantan, and also the attitude or action of the government to the conflict. In writing this scientific paper the author uses the method of literature study that comes from books or various articles that according to the author can support this writing. And based on the author’s analysis of the conflict between Dayak ethnic with Madura in Samalantan. Apparently the conflict in Samalantan has happened more than ten times, can not be added with certainty. The background of the conflict occurred because of the lack of government role in providing information to the Madura who will migrate to the island of Borneo about the customs, culture, and things that are not liked by the Dayaks when incoming by ethnic immigrants. The government's action to resolve the conflict is to facilitate the meeting between the two Dayak ethnic groups with Madura. But the impact of the conflict is certainly there are positive and negative, the positive Madurese become independent, and the Dayak negatively arise casualties. Konflik merupakan salah satu fenomena sosial yang terus ada dalam kehidupan manusia. Konflik biasanya bersumber dari beberapa aspek seperti adanya perubahan sosial, perbedaan kewenangan (otoritas),perbedaan kepentingan dan perbedaan kultural. Karena indonesia merupakan sebuah negara yang sangat majemuk dari kemajemukan itu adalah adanya berbagai keragaman etnis dan suku bangsa. Dari keberagaman dan perbedaan tersebut dapat menimbulkan terjadinya konflik etnis. Secara sederhana, tulisan ini akan menganalisa penyebab terjadinya konflik antara etnis dayak dan madura di kalimantan barat khususnya di kecamatan samalantan, bagaimana dampak yang akan ditimbulkan dari konflik antar etnis Dayak dengan Madura di Samalantan, serta bagaimana sikap ataupun tindakan pemerintah terhadap konflik tersebut. Dalam penulisan karya ilmiah ini penulis menggunakan metode studi pustaka yang bersumber dari buku-buku atau berbagai artikel yang menurut penulis dapat mendukung penulisan ini. Dan berdasarkan hasil analisa penulis terhadap konflik antar etnis Dayak dengan Madura di Samalantan. Ternyata konflik di Samalantan sudah terjadi lebih dari sepuluh kali, tidak bisa dijumlahkan dengan pasti. Adapun latar belakang dari konflik tersebut terjadi karena kurang adanya peran pemerintah dalam memberi informasi terhadap orang Madura yang akan bertransmigrasi ke pulau Kalimantan mengenai adat istiadat, budaya, serta hal-hal yang tidak disukai oleh orang-orang Dayak ketika di datangi oleh etnis pendatang. Tindakan pemerintah dalam mengatasi konflik adalah dengan memfasilitasi pertemuan antara kedua etnis Dayak dengan Madura. Tetapi dampak yang di timbulkan dari konflik itu tentu ada yang positif dan negatif, positifnya orang Madura menjadi mandiri, serta orang Dayak negatifnya timbul korban jiwa

scholarly journals Perilaku Kekerasaan Dalam Rumah Tangga Sebagai Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Mukri Aji
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government

Abstract:Domestic violence is a behavior that can be categorized as a violation of human rights. Because this behavior results in disruption of the social dimension of humanity, due to actions that do not humanize humans in general. Even in the context of domestic violence, the perpetrators who are supposed to protect even commit acts of violence, mistreatment, intimidation and even the loss of the victim's life. The research method uses the normative juridical method, using secondary data obtained through literature study and analyzed qualitatively. The results and discussion of this study are that there are aspects of human rights violations that occur in domestic violence behavior. So the government is obliged to take action in the form of legal protection for victims by ensnaring the perpetrators with laws and regulations. Both the Criminal Code and the Law on the Elimination of Domestic Violence.Keywords: Domestic Violence Behavior, Human Rights, Violence.

scholarly journals Permissibility of Death Penalty as a Hermeneutic Dilemma

Verbum Vitae ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-326
Author(s):  
Michał Kosche
Keyword(s):  
Death Penalty ◽  
Capital Punishment ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Social ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right

The notion of moral fairness of application of capital punishment is stretched between two poles of opposite interpretative meanings. On the one hand, there is an imperative related to maintaining the social order and good that justifies in some specific cases killing an individual for the good of the community; on the other hand, there is the message of the Gospel about holiness of each human life. In this regard, at the attempt to investigate the fairness of death penalty, a certain hermeneutic tension related to the overlapping of rights and obligations both with regard to the criminal and society that needs to be protected against him or her. The starting point of this article is an outlook on death penalty with due regard of a ‘hermeneutic charge’ contained both in the duty to protect common good and each individual’s life. Next, the ‘genuine paradox’ was analysed that emerges in a situation where the right to live and the right to protect overlap. All the considerations are concluded with a question whether the recent abolitionist interpretation of the Catechism of the Catholic Church should be classified as the continuity hermeneutic or rather the discontinuity hermeneutic.

The Use of Money in Society: Friedrich Hayek’s Social Work

2020 ◽  
pp. 009059172098047
Author(s):  
Jacob Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Social Integration ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Spontaneous Order ◽  
The Political ◽  
Individual Choice ◽  
Subject Formation ◽  
The Social

Recent studies of Friedrich Hayek have focused on his theorization of spontaneous order and its relationship to his views on freedom and market individualism. For many scholars, the impersonal nature of Hayek’s spontaneous order, which optimally coordinates human action without human coordination, and/or Hayek’s contention that freedom consists of the exercise of individual choice in a market, reveals Hayek’s neoliberal project to replace or erase the social domain of human life and activity. This article makes the claim that two different, but related, versions of the social exist in Hayek’s writings. The logic of his first and prominent view of social order as spontaneous order depends, I argue, upon a second account of the social, found in Hayek’s writings on money, which consists of forms of conscious and collective social integration and subject formation that the first view requires but cannot account for. In this way, Hayek’s social order is sustained not spontaneously but by money-based collective activities and social(ized) subjectivities that make it possible, and his neoliberal project thus depends on fundamental, if disavowed, connections between the social and the political.

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