PROBLEMS OF DOMESTIC PRODUCTION OF STRATEGICALLY SIGNIFICANT ANTI-RETROVIRAL DRUGS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-20
Author(s):  
O.A. Ryzhova ◽  
T. L. Moroz
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Antiretroviral Drugs ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
State Register ◽  
Pharmaceutical Substances ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
The Russian Federation

Purpose. The aim of the study was to assess the problems of providing patients with HIV in the Russian Federation with antiviral drugs of the ATС group – J05AF (nucleosides and nucleotides - reverse transcriptase inhibitors) included in the list of strategically important drugs, and the prospects for its improvement. Materials and methods. The scientific research was carried out sequentially and included four interrelated stages. The objective of the first stage was to analyze the auctions for public procurement of antiretroviral drugs of the ATС- J05AF group for 6 INNs included in the list of strategically important drugs. The task of the second stage of the work was a comparative analysis of the dynamics of the range of antiretroviral drugs and substances for their production, registered in the Russian Federation, of the ATС group - J05AF by 6 INN. At the third stage, an analysis was made of the availability of interchangeable drugs for each INN. The objective of the fourth stage was to analyze the registered prices for domestic and foreign medicines for each INN. Results. It was found that by 2020 the share of domestic drugs was 63% of the planned 90%. In the Russian Federation, only 4 manufacturers in a limited range produce drugs for the treatment of HIV-infected patients. For individual INNs, domestic substances are completely absent, or are produced in insufficient quantities, which forces manufacturers to purchase pharmaceutical substances from the same enterprises, mainly in China and India. In the State Register of Medicines by 2020, for various INNs, interchangeable medicines appeared, the price of which does not differ statistically significantly, nevertheless, 91% of auctions in 2018 were held with a single supplier. Such a result of the auctions is difficult to explain, since the price of interchangeable drugs in the ATС - J05AF group does not differ statistically significantly between domestic and foreign manufacturers. Conclusion: In order to increase the level of import substitution of strategically important antiretroviral drugs, it is necessary, first of all, to solve the problem of providing Russian manufacturers with domestic pharmaceutical substances.

ESCALATION OF IMPORT SUBSTITUTION AS A REALITY AND A NECESSITY FOR IMPROVING THE STRUCTURE OF THE DOMESTIC ECONOMY

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-83
Author(s):  
V. V. Mishchenko ◽  
I. K. Mishchenko
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
The State ◽  
Domestic Economy ◽  
Provision Of Services ◽  
History Of ◽  
Balanced Structure ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Key Features

The article highlights the importance of a balanced structure of the economy in terms of the ratio of the production of goods and the provision of services; the history of specialization of the Russian Federation as a state and territorial entity, the key features of its structure are considered. Modern aspects of import substitution in Russia are described. A comment is made on the program “Import Substitution 2.0”, which is based on quotas for public procurement from Russian suppliers. Some problems and negative aspects of the state of implementation of the import substitution program in the Russian Federation are reflected. It is concluded that the measures for the development of import substitution were largely unsystematic, were of a fragmented nature, and in some cases even contradicted each other. Their implementation failed to optimize the structure of the economy. A set of measures to escalate import substitution is proposed, including the priority development of specific types of goods with a certain share of sales abroad and the coverage of import substitution in the sphere of services.

scholarly journals NATIONAL REGIME IN IMPLEMENTATION OF PUBLIC PROCUREMENT AS A FACTOR FOR ENSURING NATIONAL INTERESTS

2018 ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
VALENTINA KVANINA
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Dialectical Logic ◽  
National Interests ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Business Entities

Introduction: under the conditions of economic sanctions imposed by foreign countries against Russia, the issue of import substitution was sharply raised. Its mechanisms are stipulated, among other things, in the Article 14 of the Federal Law «On the contract system in the procurement of goods, works, services for the provision of state and municipal needs» (hereinafter – Federal Law No. 44): prohibitions, restrictions and conditions for admission of foreign goods, works, services on the territory of the Russian Federation. These mechanisms find reflection and development in the decisions of the Government of the Russian Federation, which create difficulties in their application by business entities. The article makes an attempt to analyze the legal framework on this issue, to identify problems and suggest ways to solve them. Methods: the general scientific methods of research (formal and dialectical logic, systemic) and private-science methods (comparative legal, formal-legal) were used in the article. This allowed to determine, on the basis of analysis of international legal acts, Russian legislation and law-enforcement practice, the limits of restrictions, prohibitions and conditions for admission of foreign goods, works, services to the Russian market. Analysis: the article analyzes the institution of national public procurement regimes enshrined in international legal acts, regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, including resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation in which prohibitions, restrictions and conditions for admission of foreign goods, works, services in the territory of the Russian Federation are established; the problems that are caused by the unsystematic nature of Russian legislation are revealed. Results: the analysis of the legal framework on the national regime of public procurement made it possible to come to a conclusion about its imperfection and the need for carrying out its comprehensive expertise that would identify all the problematic aspects in this area and suggest ways of eliminating them. Moreover, it is necessary to develop a single set of issues that should be reflected in all decisions of the Government of the Russian Federation on prohibitions, restrictions, conditions for admission of foreign goods, works and services within the framework of the national public procurement regime.

scholarly journals RESULTS OF IMPORT SUBSTITUTION ANALYSIS OF ANTI-CANCER MEDICATIONS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION (2013–2018)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-111
Author(s):  
O. A. Ryzhova ◽  
T. L. Moroz
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Essential Drugs ◽  
Pharmaceutical Substances ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Trade Names

The aim. Due to the social importance of anticancer drugs, the aim of the study is to conduct a comparative analysis of the range of domestic and foreign anticancer medications included in the Lists of Vital and Essential Drugs in 2013 and 2018 in the aspect of import substitution.Materials and methods. The study was conducted by comparing the data on the registered anticancer preparations included in the list of Vital and Essential Drugs in the State Register of Medicines in 2013 and 2018. Statistical processing of the data was carried out on the basis of Fisher Z-test method.Results. All in all, there were 286 trade names of anticancer drugs registered in the Russian Federation in 2013. 94 of them, i.e. 33%, were Russian-made. In 2013, there were 19 pharmaceutical substances of domestic production in the analyzed group, which accounted for 27% of 71 INNs (International nonproprietary name). As for 71 INNs, in 2018 there were 393 registered trade names of anticancer drugs. 162 drugs, i.e. 41%, were Russian-made. From 2013 to 2018, a statistically significant positive trend of the increase in the number of domestic anticancer drugs by 8% was revealed.Conclusion. In order to increase the volume of import substitution in the production of anticancer drugs, it is necessary to provide state support to Russian manufacturers, who register domestic analogues for the first time. A particular attention should be paid to the production of domestic pharmaceutical substances, without which it is impossible to ensure the drug safety of the country.

scholarly journals NEW VARIETY OF CANNABIS SATIVA LYUDMILA

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (supplement 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Serkov ◽  
V.V. Koshelyaev ◽  
A.A. Volodkin
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
The State ◽  
New Variety ◽  
State Register ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
Selection Number

A characteristic of a new variety of monoecious Cannabis sativa Lyudmila is presented. Potential selection number is ??-5/012?, which participated in competitive crop variety testing in 2017-2019 and demonstrated significant superiority over the standard variety regarding the characteristics “male hemp plants content”, “straw yield”, “fiber total yield”, “fiber total harvest”, “combed fiber breaking force”, “combed fiber flexibility”. In 2020, an application was submitted for the inclusion of a selection number in the State Register of selection inventions of the Russian Federation under the name “cannabis sativa variety Lyudmila”. A distinctive feature of the variety is the absence of male hemp plants segregation in a crop and the reduced content of tetrahydrocannabinol in plants in relation to already existing varieties of cannabis sativa of Middle Russian ecotype. At present time, the variety is undergoing the State examination and is at the stage of accreditation for approval for use on the territory of the Russian Federation. Based on the introduction of a new selection achievement, it is planned to transfer the scientific results into various regions of hemp sowing of the Russian Federation agro-industry in order to increase the pace of its economic development, increasing the competitiveness of manufactured products and ensuring import substitution.

scholarly journals Tax aspects of foreign income of Russian seafarers

2021 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 10016
Author(s):  
Elena Lavrenteva ◽  
Aleksandra Brovkina
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Methodological Approaches

The paper discusses the features of taxation of foreign income of individuals. The main object of the study is the income of seafarers working on ships under a foreign flag, the peculiarities of the calculation and taxation of their wages. The statistical data on the level of wages and the structure of expenses of the families of seafarers are given. The methodological approaches to assessing the indirect contribution of seafarers working for foreign shipowners to the revenue side of the state budget through the purchase of goods, works and services on the territory of the Russian Federation have been substantiated. The proposed algorithm includes four stages. The first stage is the determination of the number of seafarers working on foreign ships. The second stage is the determination of the salaries of seafarers working on ships under a foreign flag. The third stage is the substantiation of the expenses of seafarers on the territory of the Russian Federation. The fourth stage is an assessment of the contribution of seafarers to budget revenues through indirect tax revenues from the goods, works and services they purchase. The paper highlights the main global trends in the issues of state regulation of foreign income of seafarers.

scholarly journals 30 years of Russian gender studies: retrospective and perspectives

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-37
Author(s):  
Zoya Khotkina
Keyword(s):  
Gender Studies ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Gender Space ◽  
The Law

A retrospective analysis of the thirty-year period (1990—2020) of the formation and development of Russian gender studies is presented, in which identified are three conditional stages, characterized by the originality of the tasks solved and the results achieved, as well as the influence of external contextual factors: the first stage — the period of formation and institutionalization of gender studies in the Russian Academy and higher school, which received in the scientific literature on gender studies the name “gender 90s”, as a reflection of the rapid start of a new scientific direction in the 90s of the XX c.; the second stage — the inclusion of gender studies in the Russian context through the understanding and analysis of Russian material and problems. This stage covers the first decade of the XXI c. (2000—2009), and can be conditionally designated as the period of “transition of quantity into qualityˮ; the third stage — the development of gender in the digital age is associated with the continuation of Russian gender studies in context of digitalization and the emergence of a network society, as the main challenges of the last decade of the XXI c. (2010—2020). Special attention in the article is paid to the modern period, in which the fundamental ideas of gender equality began to be reflected in the changing Russian legislation: in 2018, the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation reduces the list and types of work professions prohibited for women from 456 to 100. This is the result of many years of demand from both international and Russian women’s organizations and researchers. 2019 — Russia has resumed work on preparations for the adoption of the federal law “On the fundamentals of the system of prevention of family (domestic) violence in the Russian Federation”. More than 900 thousand people signed a petition on the adoption of the law posted on Runet, while opponents of the law collected only 19 thousand signatures. The article presents the results and outlines promising directions of Russian gender studies, including those related to the emergence of a virtual gender space on the Internet.

Formation of conditions of functioning of management companies of reclamation parks providing highly competitive economic efficiency

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
Ivan Abramenko ◽  
Svetlana Manzhina ◽  
Svetlana Kupriyanova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Federal Programs ◽  
Effective Work ◽  
Industrial Parks ◽  
Level Of Activity ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
The Russian Federation

The aim of the study is to find solutions aimed at the formation of optimal conditions for the creation and functioning of reclamation parks on the territory of existing institutions for reclamation subordinated to the Ministry of agriculture of Russia, through the establishment and justification of the necessary list of functions and powers of their management companies. The comparative analysis of the concept of creation of agricultural parks and the documents regulating functioning of agro-industrial parks is carried out. In addition, the studies were conducted in the context of Federal programs and other legislative acts of the Russian Federation. The analysis of regulatory documentation and scientific developments in the field of agro-industrial sector allowed to compare and make informed decisions on the formation of functions and powers of the management companies of reclamation parks. The formed materials will allow to organize highly effective work of the management companies of recreational parks, by endowing the latter with the necessary functions and powers, without burdening them with unnecessary functions that are not within their competence. Thus formation of functions and powers providing competitive level of activity of reclamation parks needs to be carried out on the basis of functions and powers of the industrial and agroindustrial parks regulated by the current legislation. The formed substantiations will allow to accelerate decision-making processes in the field of powers and functions of managing companies of reclamation parks by legislative and Executive authorities, and thus will contribute to more rapid development of the reclamation complex of the Russian Federation, and as a consequence of the implementation of Federal programs and other legislative acts aimed at the development of agriculture and import substitution in this area.

Селекция и семеноводство картофеля в Камчатском крае

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.I. Ryakhovskaya ◽  
T.P. Sherstyukova ◽  
M.L. Gamolina
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
The State ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
State Register ◽  
Region Selection ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Selection Of

Рассмотрены агроклиматические условия Камчатского края и лимитирующие факторы, сдерживающие рост урожайности картофеля. Приведены характеристики новых сортов картофеля селекции Камчатского НИИСХ созданных в соответствии с приоритетными для региона направлениями селекции, включенных в Государственный реестр селекционных достижений РФ и охраняемых патентами.Agroclimatic conditions of the Kamchatka Krai and limiting factors that restrain the growth of potato yield are considered. The characteristics of new varieties of potatoes of the selection of the Kamchatsky RIA are created in accordance with the priority for the region selection areas included in the State Register of Selection Achievements of the Russian Federation and protected by patents.

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