scholarly journals Samaun Bakri: Nationalist Portrait in 1925-1948

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-54
Author(s):  
Abdul Salam
Keyword(s):  
Colonial Period ◽  
Dutch Government ◽  
West Java ◽  
Japanese Occupation ◽  
Political Career ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Islamic Movement ◽  
The Press ◽  
The World ◽  
West Sumatra

Samaun Bakri is one of many figures from Nagari Kurai Taji Pariaman West Sumatra, which enliven the national political stage. His movement in the Dutch Colonial period, began when he attended in Sumatra Thawalib Padang Panjang. The Kuminih movement, fronted by Communist propagandists, has changed its paradigm of thinking from moderate to radical. Sometimes Samaun is often the target of arrest with allegations of infidelity. This paper is compiled based on historical method, consist of; heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The world of Islamic movement and modernization has indeed influenced the way of Samaun thinking. Several times, he was involved in the press, ranging from Persamaan, Sasaran, Penabur, and often wrote harsh criticisms of the Dutch government. After the Silungkang incident, he crossed over to the Partai Nasional Indonesia (PNI). During the Japanese occupation, he was involved in the management of PUTERA and Jawa Hokokai. His political career post-independence immediately dashed, when he served as Deputy Governor of West Java in 1946, KNIP members represent West Java, and became Deputy Resident of Banten in 1946-1948.

scholarly journals COLONIAL POLITICS IN FORMING ETHNIC IDENTITY OF MELAYU MINANGKABAU AND BATAK IN TAPANULI

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Ida Liana Tanjung ◽  
Bambang Purwanto ◽  
Nur Aini Setyawati
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Dutch Government ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Constructive Approach ◽  
Ethnic Segregation ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Colonial Government

The article discusses the forming of ethnic identity among Batak and Malay people in Tapanuli during colonial period. The colonial government that desired to expand its hegemony among these ethnic groups had led them to create policies and boundaries for the groups in Tapanuli. This study uses historical method (heuristic) that begins from sources collection, sources critique,interpretation and explanation. Constructive approach is used to analyze the sources that considers ethnic identity is a result of construction process of a particular group. This article shows that in pre-colonial period it was difficult to determine ethnical boundaries in Tapanuli, particularly the Malay, Minangkabau, and Batak. However, after the Dutch government expanded its expansion to this region, the ethnical boundaries began to form and the differences among them became apparent. Ethnic segregation policy implemented by the Dutch and its support to the Batak ethnic group and the Christian obviously had formed and changed the awareness of ethnic identity among Batak and Malay people. In the early 20th century, the colonial government featured and strengthened the ethnic identity awareness in Batak community.

scholarly journals KEHIDUPAN NYAI DAN PERGUNDIKAN DI JAWA BARAT TAHUN 1900-1942

Diakronika ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Elfa Michellia Karima
Keyword(s):  
Venereal Disease ◽  
Dutch Government ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
West Java ◽  
Native Women ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
The People ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Relationship

This research discusses on the lives of the people of West Java, especially women who make the practice of concubinage as a livelihood to meet the economic needsof the family. The method used in this research is the historical method with the literature study technique by searching the source of literature. By the highnumber of native women who became Nyai in West Java, the problem of this research is about the lives of native women when became Nyai to Europeanpeople. The urgent needs of economy make the women to earn living by working on the farm or became Nyai to European people. There are two kinds ofconcubinage performed, they are official relationship and unofficial relationship. Concubinage official relationship is a relationship legalized in marriage andlegally registered in the Dutch government. However, if the relationship is unofficial, then the marriage is conducted without lawful ties and the absence oflaw protecting the native women. This has a devastating impact that is the spread of venereal disease among Europeans and Natives.

scholarly journals Portrait Of The Japanese Colonial Period In The Wayang Kamasan Illustration Of Lintang Perau Pegat At The Klungkung Royal Palace

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
I Wayan Agus Eka Cahyadi
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Large Fish ◽  
Japanese Occupation ◽  
Royal Palace ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
History Of ◽  
Erwin Panofsky ◽  
Japanese Colonial

The Wayang Kamasan illustrations at the Klungkung Royal Palace store traces of the history of Bali during in the Japanese colonial period. This research analyzed one located in the Bale Kambang pavilion with the ‘Lintang Perau Pegat’ scene to discern representation in that era. An art historical method was used drawing from field observation and literature resources with an iconography and iconology analysis approach of Erwin Panofsky. Findings from a pre-iconography phase showed that this illustration present a scene about the splitting of Japan-flagged ship by large fish. An iconographic analysis was about themes and concepts regarding belief in the strength of nature (gods), which can influence human life and undermine the glory of human beings. Given the psychological atmosphere during the Japanese colonial period, hence, this illustration is the crystallization of a symbol from an attitude of resistance amidst helplessness towards a ruler (the Japanese occupation government), and hopes for the presence of the power of the gods to help eliminate oppression and misery that occurred during that era in Bali.

scholarly journals Kota Lubuklinggau Dalam Kurun Waktu 1825-1948

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-29
Author(s):  
Berlian Susetyo ◽  
Ravico Ravico
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Military Government ◽  
Japanese Occupation ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City ◽  
Comprehensive Study ◽  
Dutch Colonial

Abstrak: Kajian tentang Kota Lubuklinggau berdasarkan kronologis sejarah masih belum ada kajian yang komprehensif, sehingga terjadi kegagalan pemahaman generasi muda dalam memahami sejarah Kota Lubuklinggau. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kota Lubuklinggau pada masa Kolonial Belanda, masa pendudukan Jepang, masa setelah proklamasi kemerdekaan serta masa agresi militer pertama dan kedua. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah metode sejarah, antara lain heuristik, kritik sumber, intepretasi dan historiografi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Lubuklinggau Tahun 1929 menjadi dusun kedudukan marga Sindang Kelingi Ilir, kemudian dikembangkan menjadi ibukota Onder Afdeeling Moesie Oeloe masa kolonial Belanda Tahun. Pada masa Jepang Tahun 1942, Lubuklinggau menjadi ibukota Bunshu Musikami Rawas. Pada masa setelah kemerdekaan Tahun 1945, Lubuklinggau menjadi Kawedanaan Musi Ulu sekaligus menjadi ibukota Kabupaten Musi Ulu Rawas. Kemudian pada masa agresi militer Belanda I Tahun 1947 dan agresi militer Belanda II Tahun 1948, Lubuklinggau menjadi pusat pemerintahan Karesidenan Palembang sekaligus pusat pemerintahan militer Sub Teritorium Sumatera Selatan (SUBKOSS). Kata Kunci: Moesie Oeloe, Musi Ulu Rawas, LubuklinggauAbstract: The study of Lubuklinggau City is based on historical chronology, there is still no comprehensive study, so that there is a failure in understanding the young generation in understanding the history of Lubuklinggau City. Furthermore, this study aims to describe the city of Lubuklinggau during the Dutch colonial period, the Japanese occupation period, the period after the proclamation of independence and the period of the first and second military aggression. The research method used is the historical method, including heuristics, source criticism, interpretation and historiography. The results showed that Lubuklinggau in 1929 became the hamlet of the Sindang Kelingi Ilir clan, then it was developed into the capital of Onder Afdeeling Moesie Oeloe during the Dutch colonial period. During the Japanese period in 1942, Lubuklinggau became the capital of the Bunshu Musikami Rawas. In the period after independence in 1945, Lubuklinggau became Kawedanaan Musi Ulu as well as the capital of Musi Ulu Rawas Regency. Then during the Dutch military aggression I in 1947 and Dutch military aggression II in 1948, Lubuklinggau became the center of the Palembang Residency government as well as the center of the South Sumatra SubTerritory (SUBKOSS) military government. Keywords: Moesie Oeloe, Musi Ulu Rawas, Lubuklinggau

scholarly journals Light Pollution Observations in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agustinus Gunawan Admiranto ◽  
Rhorom Priyatikanto ◽  
Siti Maryam ◽  
Elyyani ◽  
Siti Kurniawati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Space Science ◽  
High Light ◽  
Light Pollution ◽  
Science Center ◽  
Low Light ◽  
West Java ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
The World ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Animal Habitat

Light pollution is a growing concern in the world. It affects many walk of lives, including human health, the degradation of nocturnal animal habitat, and the inability of the astronomers to observe dimmer objects. We in Space Science Center of LAPAN (Indonesian National Institute of Aeronautics and Space) try to mitigate this through a coordinated observation of light pollution using Sky Quality Meter equipments which are located in several LAPAN’s stations [Agam (West Sumatra), Pontianak (West Kalimantan), Sumedang (West Java), Garut (West Java), Pasuruan (East Java), Kupang (East Nusa Tenggara), and Biak (Papua)]. The observations has been conducted since 2018 in stationary and moving modes, and the results are then sent to a central database which is located in Space Science Center in Bandung (West Java). The results showed that there are some variations of light pollution across Indonesia. In this respect most of the stations have moderate pollution as can be seen from the values of Biak, Agam, Sumedang, and Pontianak (20.0, 19.5, 19.6, and 17.7 mpsas respectively). On the other hand, the stations which are located near or in cities have high light pollution (Bandung and Pasuruan with 17.1 and 18.0 mpsas, respectively). A particular station (Garut) has low light pollution (20.6 mpsas). The data of these observations are presented in a website to be accessed by interested parties.

scholarly journals PERAN MEDIA DALAM MEMBANGUN OPINI PUBLIK TENTANG KERUSUHAN TASIKMALAYA 1996

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-75
Author(s):  
Anggi A Junaedi
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Historical Event ◽  
Major Event ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
The Press ◽  
The World ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Politics ◽  
Interpretation Process ◽  
Fernand Braudel

The Tasikmalaya incident was a major and historic event that occurred in 1996. As a major event, media such as newspapers will never forget to report it. Interestingly, each newspaper has its own perspective in seeing reality. This method is used by media in a reality to then be constructed and produced in the form of news. As a result, the production of news varies even if the object is the same, whether we realize it or not. In the world of the press, this activity is known as media politics. And also, a historical event by Fernand Braudel declared as a historical event in a quick period of time. It is interesting to study how the media with Islamic and nationalist ideology reported on the Tasikmalaya incident because the incident involved these two elements. To answer this problem, the historical method is used which begins with a heuristic process, criticism, enters the interpretation process and historiography activities at the end. As a result, the construction of the news carried out by the Islamic and nationalist newspapers was very different. Ideology does influence the news. However, ownership and environmental factors cannot be ignored. Even more influential than ideology. In reporting Tasikmalaya, Islamic newspapers tend to defend Muslims. Meanwhile nationalist newspapers blame Muslims.  

scholarly journals PERKEMBANGAN SOSIO-EKONOMI DAN PERKEBUNAN MASYARAKAT KUNINGAN, 1830-1870

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-53
Author(s):  
Tendi Tendi
Keyword(s):  
Rural Community ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Economic Condition ◽  
Dutch Government ◽  
Historical Criticism ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

AbstrakMasyarakat Kuningan adalah masyarakat yang telah akrab dengan dunia pertaniansejak berabad-abad yang lalu, dari zaman kerajaan tradisional hingga sekarang.Namun, tidak banyak literatur yang membahas mengenai sejarah ekonomi masyarakatpedesaan ini. Tulisan ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kondisi sosial-ekonomimasyarakat Kabupaten Kuningan dalam kurun pemberlakuan Sistem Tanam Paksa, sejaktahun 1830 hingga tahun 1870. Metode yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah metodesejarah dengan lima tahapannya, yaitu: pemilihan topik; pengumpulan sumber;verifikasi (kritik sejarah); interpretasi; dan penulisan. Berdasarkan penelitian inidiketahui bahwa pada umumnya kegiatan perkebunan di Kuningan berjalan dengan baikdan menghasilkan keuntungan yang cukup menggembirakan bagi pihak kolonial. Meskidemikian, pihak yang diuntungkan ternyata bukanlah para buruh kebun yang menggaraplahan-lahan kopi untuk mewujudkan panen yang melimpah tersebut, melainkan pihakpemerintah Hindia Belanda beserta kaki tangannya yang duduk di pelbagai kursistruktur pemerintahan yang ada.Kata kunci: sosio-ekonomi, perkebunan, penjajahan, kolonialAbstractBrass society is a society that has been familiar with the world of agriculture centuriesago, from the days of the traditional kingdoms until now. However, not a lot of literaturethat discusses the economic history of this rural community. This paper has the aim toidentify the socio-economic condition of Kuningan Regency society within theimplementation of the Cultivation System, from 1830 to 1870. The method used in thisresearch is the historical method with five stages, namely: choice of topics; collection ofresources; verification (historical criticism); interpretation; and writing. Based on thisresearch note that in general the plantation activity in Kuningan running well andmaking a profit is quite encouraging for the Colonial. However, the beneficiary was notthe workers who worked on the farm lands of coffee to realize the abundant harvest, butthe Dutch government and its henchmen are sitting in different seats of existinggovernance structur.Keywords: socio-economic, plantation, imperialism, colonialism

Desecularization as Phenomenon at the Turn of 21st Century

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
Sergey V.  Lebedev ◽  
Galina N.  Lebedeva
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Islamic Revolution ◽  
Islamic Movement ◽  
The World ◽  
Rational Alternative ◽  
Role Of Religion

In the article the authors note that since the 1970s, with the rise of the Islamic movement and the Islamic revolution in Iran, philosophers and political scientists started to talk about religious renaissance in many regions of the world. In addition, the point at issue is the growing role of religion in society, including European countries that have long ago gone through the process of secularization. The reasons for this phenomenon, regardless of its name, are diverse, but understandable: secular ideologies of the last century failed to explain the existing social problems and give them a rational alternative.

BKR (BADAN KEAMANAN RAKYAT): Cikal Bakal Tentara Indonesia?

Metahumaniora ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 389
Author(s):  
Widyo Nugrahanto
Keyword(s):  
Armed Forces ◽  
Civil Defense ◽  
The Other ◽  
Main Subject ◽  
Japanese Occupation ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
New Interpretation

AbstrakPenelitian ini berjudul BKR (Badan Kemanan Rakyat):Cikal Bakal Tentara Indonesia?!. Penelitian ini merupakan interpretasi baru tentang cikal bakal TNI, yang umumnya banyak merujuk pada PETA (Pembela Tanah Air). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Metode Sejarah.Metode Sejarah memiliki empat tahapan yaitu Heuristik, Kritik, Interpretasi dan Historiografi.Sumber-sumber penelitian ini menggunakan koran-koran sezaman, majalah sezaman, dan buku. BKR dianggap sebagai cikal bakal TNI didasarkan beberapa sebab. Pertama, atas dasar legalitas formal, PETA telah dibubarkan sehingga BKR adalah satuan militer yang pertama kali dibentuk setelah Indonesia merdeka. BKR selanjutnya melahirkan pembentukan TKR (Tentara Keamanan Rakyat), TKR (Tentara Keselamatan Rakyat), TRI (Tentara Republik Indonesia) dan TNI (Tentara Nasional Indonesia). Kedua, jika PETA dianggap sebagai cikal bakal TNI, maka KNIL dan beberapa satuan keprajuritan diabaikan. Padahal, beberapa bekas perwira KNIL memiliki peran penting di tubuh BKR hingga TNI.Kata kunci: BKR, Tentara, TNIAbstractThe main subject this study is BKR – Indonesian civil defense corps – as origin of Indonesian Military. This study is new interpretation about the origin of TNI (Indonesian National Armed Forces) now. Many opinion refer to PETA as civil defense corps in Japanese occupation era. Study emlpoys a Historical Method, which consists of four stage: Heuristic, Critic, Interpretation, Historiography. The study utilize some sources such as newspaper, magazine, and book. Main finding of this study is PETA had dispersed as legality and formally and BKR was formed as the firts corps after Independence of Indonesia. Futhermore, BKR changed to TKR (Tentara Keamanan Rakyat), TKR (Tentara Keselamatan Rakyat), TRI (Tentara Republik Indonesia) until TNI (Tentara Nasional Indonesia). If PETA is considered as origins of Indonesian Military, then it ignore KNIL – a colonial armed forces – and the other defence corps. Even though the eks KNIL’s officer have important role in military managenment of BKR until TNI.Keywords: BKR, Military, TNI

BKR (BADAN KEAMANAN RAKYAT): Cikal Bakal Tentara Indonesia?

Metahumaniora ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 389
Author(s):  
Widyo Nugrahanto
Keyword(s):  
Armed Forces ◽  
Civil Defense ◽  
The Other ◽  
Main Subject ◽  
Japanese Occupation ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
New Interpretation

AbstrakPenelitian ini berjudul BKR (Badan Kemanan Rakyat):Cikal Bakal Tentara Indonesia?!. Penelitian ini merupakan interpretasi baru tentang cikal bakal TNI, yang umumnya banyak merujuk pada PETA (Pembela Tanah Air). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Metode Sejarah.Metode Sejarah memiliki empat tahapan yaitu Heuristik, Kritik, Interpretasi dan Historiografi.Sumber-sumber penelitian ini menggunakan koran-koran sezaman, majalah sezaman, dan buku. BKR dianggap sebagai cikal bakal TNI didasarkan beberapa sebab. Pertama, atas dasar legalitas formal, PETA telah dibubarkan sehingga BKR adalah satuan militer yang pertama kali dibentuk setelah Indonesia merdeka. BKR selanjutnya melahirkan pembentukan TKR (Tentara Keamanan Rakyat), TKR (Tentara Keselamatan Rakyat), TRI (Tentara Republik Indonesia) dan TNI (Tentara Nasional Indonesia). Kedua, jika PETA dianggap sebagai cikal bakal TNI, maka KNIL dan beberapa satuan keprajuritan diabaikan. Padahal, beberapa bekas perwira KNIL memiliki peran penting di tubuh BKR hingga TNI.Kata kunci: BKR, Tentara, TNIAbstractThe main subject this study is BKR – Indonesian civil defense corps – as origin of Indonesian Military. This study is new interpretation about the origin of TNI (Indonesian National Armed Forces) now. Many opinion refer to PETA as civil defense corps in Japanese occupation era. Study emlpoys a Historical Method, which consists of four stage: Heuristic, Critic, Interpretation, Historiography. The study utilize some sources such as newspaper, magazine, and book. Main finding of this study is PETA had dispersed as legality and formally and BKR was formed as the firts corps after Independence of Indonesia. Futhermore, BKR changed to TKR (Tentara Keamanan Rakyat), TKR (Tentara Keselamatan Rakyat), TRI (Tentara Republik Indonesia) until TNI (Tentara Nasional Indonesia). If PETA is considered as origins of Indonesian Military, then it ignore KNIL – a colonial armed forces – and the other defence corps. Even though the eks KNIL’s officer have important role in military managenment of BKR until TNI.Keywords: BKR, Military, TNI

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