scholarly journals The perceived school climate in Croatian elementary schools with poor, average and good school’s learning environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Josip Burušić
Keyword(s):  
School Climate ◽  
Learning Environment ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
School Effectiveness ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Practice Experience

The cross-sectional research design was used to investigate differences in teachers’ perception of school climate in schools with poor, average and good school’s learning environment, and to explore to what degree is possible to explain six school climate dimensions by school’s learning environment, some teacher’s characteristics and teaching practice experience. Participants in the study were 785 teachers from 44 primary schools in northern part of Croatia, 121 males and 579 females. Participants rated school climate in school where they teach and in addition provided information about various school’s learning environment. Schools which teachers perceived as having good school’s learning environment clearly differ in the level of school climate quality - school climate is significantly better in schools with better school’s learning environment. The performed hierarchical regression analyses, demonstrated in addition, how school’s learning environment and characteristics of teachers and teaching practice (e.g. gender, age, work experience and education level) are powerful predictors of (positive) school climate. In this paper, we provide possible explanation and stress importance on school climate as an essential concept in school effectiveness concerns and activities.

scholarly journals Medical applicant general practice experience and career aspirations: a questionnaire study

BJGP Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. BJGPO.2021.0023
Author(s):  
Priyesh Agravat ◽  
Tafsir Ahmed ◽  
Esme Goudie ◽  
Shahraz Islam ◽  
Douglas GJ McKechnie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Questionnaire Study ◽  
Career Motivation ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Practice Experience ◽  
Career Motivations ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The University

BackgroundIncreasing access to general practice work experience placements for school students is a strategy for improving general practice recruitment, despite limited evidence and concerns surrounding equity of access to general practice experiences.AimsTo examine the association between undertaking general practice experience and the perceptions of general practice as an appealing future career among prospective medical applicants. To identify socioeconomic factors associated with obtaining general practice experience.Design & settingCross-sectional questionnaire study in the UK.MethodParticipants were UK residents aged ≥16 years and seriously considering applying to study medicine in 2019/2020. They were invited to take part via the University Clinical Aptitude Test (UCAT). Questionnaire data were analysed using a linear regression of general practice appeal on general practice experience, adjusting for career motivations and demographics, and a logistic regression of general practice experience on measures of social capital and demographics.ResultsOf 6391 responders, 4031 were in their last year of school. General practice experience predicted general practice appeal after adjusting for career motivation and demographics (b = 0.37, standard error [SE] = 0.06, P<0.00001). General practice experience was more common among students at private (odds ratio [OR] = 1.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.31 to 2.08, P<0.0001) or grammar schools (OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.02 to 1.72, P = 0.03) and in the highest socioeconomic group (OR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.28 to 2.05, P<0.0001), and less likely among students of ‘other’ ethnicity (OR = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.20 to 0.67, P = 0.0011).ConclusionHaving general practice experience prior to medical school was associated with finding general practice appealing, which supports its utility in recruitment. Applicants from more deprived backgrounds were less likely to have had a general practice experience, possibly through lack of accessible opportunities.

scholarly journals Information Literacy Education in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia W. Dike ◽  
Ogo N. Amucheazi
Keyword(s):  
Learning Environment ◽  
Information Literacy ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Literacy Education ◽  
Language And Literacy ◽  
Teacher Orientation ◽  
Local Resources ◽  
The Way ◽  
Nigerian Education

This paper explores the prospects of information literacy education in Nigerian primary schools. It is argued that while information literacy is essential for attaining the objectives of Nigerian education, a number of barriers stand in the way. These include the learning environment, lack of resources, language and literacy problems, and teacher orientation and teaching practice. The information literacy project described in this paper is attempting to break down the barriers through innovative use of available local resources.

scholarly journals Health-related quality of life is strongly associated with self-efficacy, self-esteem, loneliness, and stress in 14–15-year-old adolescents: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilde Timenes Mikkelsen ◽  
Kristin Haraldstad ◽  
Sølvi Helseth ◽  
Siv Skarstein ◽  
Milada Cvancarova Småstuen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Based ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Abstract Background To enhance and better understand health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in adolescents, it is important to study factors associated with HRQOL. The present study aimed to assess possible associations between sociodemographic variables, self-efficacy, self-esteem, pain, sleep, loneliness, stress and HRQOL in 14 to 15-year-old adolescents. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed among 696 adolescents (14–15 years) in a school-based setting. Sociodemographic variables, self-efficacy, self-esteem, pain, sleep, loneliness and stress were analyzed. The variables were all assessed with well-validated instruments. HRQOL was analyzed using KIDSCREEN 27. Analyses included Chi-square, independent t-tests, Mann–Whitney U tests, linear regression analyses and hierarchical regression analyses. The results from linear regression models were expressed as standardized beta. Results The adolescents generally reported high levels of HRQOL. However, girls scored significantly worse on HRQOL, self-efficacy, self-esteem, pain, sleep, loneliness and stress compared to boys. Using hierarchical regression analyses we found that Self-efficacy (beta = 0.11–0.24), Self-esteem: (beta = 0.12–0.21), Loneliness: (beta = − 0.24 to − 0.45) and Stress: (beta = − 0.26 to − 0.34) revealed the strongest associations with the HRQOL dimensions. Sociodemographic-, pain- and sleep related covariates were all significantly associated with some of the KIDSCREEN subscales, however their effect on the outcome was smaller than for the psychosocial variables listed above. Being a girl, not living with both parents, not having both parents working, being absent from school more than 4 days, having pain and having lack of enough sleep were all independently negatively associated with HRQOL. Conclusions HRQOL is strongly associated with self-efficacy, self-esteem, loneliness and stress in 14 to 15-year-old adolescents. Our findings indicate that positive psychosocial factors such as self-efficacy and self-esteem might play a buffer role for negative psychosocial factors (e.g. stress) in adolescents. Further, our results show that girls score significantly worse on factors that are associated to HRQOL compared to boys. To improve HRQOL in school-based populations of adolescents, we suggest that future interventions should aim to strengthen self-efficacy and self-esteem. We recommend gender specific interventions.

scholarly journals The influence of curriculum and school climate on the academic attitude of tahfiz students in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 807
Author(s):  
Muhamad Suhaimi Taat ◽  
Roslee Talip ◽  
Musirin Mosin
Keyword(s):  
School Climate ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Climate Variable ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Level ◽  
Attitude Variable

<span>This study aimed to examine the influence of curriculum and school climate on the academic attitude of </span><em><span>tahfiz</span></em><span> (memorizing Al-Quran) students in Sabah, Malaysia. A total of 81 students (age 10-12) from three private </span><em><span>tahfiz</span></em><span> primary schools around Kota Kinabalu were involved in this study. This quantitative study used cross-sectional survey method by distributing questionnaires to the respondents. The questionnaire was developed by the researchers to suit the unique environment of the </span><em><span>tahfiz</span></em><span> schools and has gone through the process of validity and reliability. Descriptive analysis showed that student attitude variable showed a high level of mean score (above 3.80), while for school climate variable, the finding was at moderate level (Mean=3.56, SD=0.530). As for curriculum variable, most students learnt the same main subjects as studied in government-aided primary schools, with addition to Quranic subject. However, no one learnt Computer Education subject. Multiple regression analysis showed that only the school climate variable significantly influenced the academic attitude of </span><em><span>tahfiz</span></em><span> students (R2=0.251, Beta=0.503, p&lt;0.001). This study will be able to provide useful information and benefit for the improvement of </span><em><span>tahfiz</span></em><span> institutions in Malaysia.</span>

scholarly journals On the Relation between School Alienation and Social School Climate

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-463
Author(s):  
Anne Schmid ◽  
Julia Morinaj ◽  
Tina Hascher
Keyword(s):  
School Climate ◽  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Student Teacher ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Severe Problem ◽  
Student Relationships ◽  
Swiss Canton ◽  
Development Of Students

In recent years, scholars have referred to school alienation as a severe problem that affects the socio-emotional and cognitive development of students. In this study, the authors examined how the relationships with teachers and classmates are associated with students’ state of alienation from learning, from teachers, and from classmates, applying a cross-sectional research design. Participants included 543 Grade 7 students from the Swiss canton of Bern who took part in the binational research project “School Alienation in Switzerland and Luxembourg (SASAL, 2015-2019)”. Results of correlation and multiple regression analyses revealed that the student-teacher and student-student relationships were associated with alienation from school.

scholarly journals Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire: associations with BMI in Portuguese children

2008 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 445-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Viana ◽  
S. Sinde ◽  
J. C. Saxton
Keyword(s):  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Underlying Structure ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eating Style ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

The objective of this study was to examine the association between the scores of the Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) and BMI in a sample of Portuguese children. Using a cross-sectional design, a sample of 240 children (123 females and 117 males) aged 3–13 years were recruited from clinic and community-based settings. Parents completed the CEBQ to indicate their child's eating style for three ‘food approach’ and four ‘food avoidant’ sub-scales. Factor analyses revealed an underlying structure similar to the original CEBQ. Children's height and weight were measured to calculate BMI and Centre for Disease Control BMI z-scores. Hierarchical regression analyses controlling for gender, age and socioeconomic status indicated that all CEBQ sub-scales were significantly associated with BMI z-scores (P = 0·03 to < 0·001). Food approach scales were positively related to BMI z-scores (β = 0·33–0·51) and food avoidance negatively related (β = − 0·17 to − 0·46). Our results support the use of the CEBQ to further understand eating style as a behavioural pathway to obesity.

scholarly journals Well-Being of Turkish and Moroccan Youth in the Netherlands

2019 ◽  
Vol 227 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nil Horoz ◽  
Anja C. Huizink ◽  
Monique J. Delforterie ◽  
Hanneke E. Creemers
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Youth Development ◽  
Positive Youth Development ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Parental Control ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Parental Solicitation

Abstract. This study examined whether parental control, parental solicitation, and acculturation to the Dutch culture were related to the well-being of Dutch adolescents with Turkish and Moroccan backgrounds. Additionally, moderation by gender and ethnic background was tested. Cross-sectional data from 76 adolescents were used ( Mage = 16.7 years, female = 50%, Turkish background = 35.5%). Hierarchical regression analyses showed that parental solicitation was positively associated with well-being, whereas parental control and acculturation were not associated with well-being. Associations were similar between genders and ethnic backgrounds. Positive links between parental solicitation and well-being should not be overlooked, as well-being is critical for positive youth development, integration, and social cohesion.

Coping Style as a Mediator of the Relationship Between Depressive Symptoms and Deliberate Self-Harm

Crisis ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 272-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison S. Christian ◽  
Kristen M. McCabe
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Self Blame ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Deliberate self-harm (DSH) occurs with high frequency among clinical and nonclinical youth populations. Although depression has been consistently linked with the behavior, not all depressed individuals engage in DSH. Aims: The current study examined maladaptive coping strategies (i.e., self-blame, distancing, and self-isolation) as mediators between depression and DSH among undergraduate students. Methods: 202 students from undergraduate psychology courses at a private university in Southern California (77.7% women) completed anonymous self-report measures. Results: A hierarchical regression model found no differences in DSH history across demographic variables. Among coping variables, self-isolation alone was significantly related to DSH. A full meditational model was supported: Depressive symptoms were significantly related to DSH, but adding self-isolation to the model rendered the relationship nonsignificant. Limitations: The cross-sectional study design prevents determination of whether a casual relation exists between self-isolation and DSH, and obscures the direction of that relationship. Conclusions: Results suggest targeting self-isolation as a means of DSH prevention and intervention among nonclinical, youth populations.

In Search of the Prosocial Personality

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Wertag ◽  
Denis Bratko
Keyword(s):  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Prosocial behavior is intended to benefit others rather than oneself and is positively linked to personality traits such as Agreeableness and Honesty-Humility, and usually negatively to the Dark Triad traits (i.e., Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy). However, a significant proportion of the research in this area is conducted solely on self-report measures of prosocial behavior. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between prosociality and the basic (i.e., HEXACO) and dark personality traits, comparing their contribution in predicting both self-reported prosociality and prosocial behavior. Results of the hierarchical regression analyses showed that the Dark Triad traits explain prosociality and prosocial behavior above and beyond the HEXACO traits, emphasizing the importance of the Dark Triad in the personality space.

Perceived Realism of Television Medical Dramas and Perceptions About Physicians

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyunyi Cho ◽  
Kari Wilson ◽  
Jounghwa Choi
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Perceived Realism ◽  
Medical Dramas ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Different Dimensions

This study investigated whether and how dimensions of perceived realism of television medical dramas are linked to perceptions of physicians. The three dimensions of perceived realism were considered: plausibility, typicality, and narrative consistency. Data from a survey of college students were examined with confirmatory factor analyses and hierarchical regression analyses. Across the three dramas (ER, Grey’s Anatomy, and House), narrative consistency predicted positive perceptions about physicians. Perceived plausibility and typicality of the medical dramas showed no significant association with perceptions about physicians. These results illustrate the importance of distinguishing different dimensions of perceived realism and the importance of narrative consistency in influencing social beliefs.

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