scholarly journals Estimation of Travel Time Spending by Urban Transport Passengers

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 28-43
Author(s):  
I. V. Spirin
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
Passenger Travel ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Vehicle Travel Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Point Of Departure

The objective of the article is to obtain dependencies linking time spent by passengers on travel by public transport with the main factors that form the elements of this time spending. The research used methods of analytical modelling, mathematical and transport statistics, survey, analytical and logical analysis, methodology of transport research.Mathematical models for estimating passenger travel time in cities using public transport are considered. Attention is drawn to formation of each of the elements of travel time and to the relationship of these elements with each other. Such elements comprise time of walking to the stopping point of departure and of walking from the stopping point of arrival to the destination of the trip; waiting time for boarding a vehicle; travel time spent in a vehicle along the route. The dependences of these elements on the factors that form time spending have been identified. The increase in time spent waiting for boarding a vehicle is investigated depending on reduction in the planned number of vehicles due to breakdowns. The above models can be used in transport planning and assessing quality o f public transportation in terms of passenger travel time.

scholarly journals Multi-View Interactive Visual Exploration of Individual Association for Public Transportation Passengers

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 628
Author(s):  
Di Lv ◽  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Jiongbin Lin ◽  
Peiyuan Wan ◽  
Yongli Hu
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Visual Exploration ◽  
Passenger Travel ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Transport Safety ◽  
Abnormal Behaviors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Pixel Matrix

More and more people in mega cities are choosing to travel by public transportation due to its convenience and punctuality. It is widely acknowledged that there may be some potential associations between passengers. Their travel behavior may be working together, shopping together, or even some abnormal behaviors, such as stealing or begging. Thus, analyzing association between passengers is very important for management departments. It is very helpful to make operational plans, provide better services to passengers and ensure public transport safety. In order to quickly explore the association between passengers, we propose a multi-view interactive exploration method that provides five interactive views: passenger 3D travel trajectory view, passenger travel time pixel matrix view, passenger origin-destination chord view, passenger travel vehicle bubble chart view and passenger 2D travel trajectory view. It can explore the associated passengers from multiple aspects such as travel trajectory, travel area, travel time, and vehicles used for travel. Using Beijing public transportation data, the experimental results verified that our method can effectively explore the association between passengers and deduce the relationship.

scholarly journals A Choice Too Far: Transit Difficulty and Early High School Transfer

2020 ◽  
pp. 0013189X2094950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc L. Stein ◽  
Julia Burdick-Will ◽  
Jeffrey Grigg
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Travel Time ◽  
Administrative Data ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
School System ◽  
Ninth Grade ◽  
Public School System ◽  
Baltimore City ◽  
School Transfer ◽  
The Relationship

The challenge of a long and difficult commute to school each day is likely to wear on students, leading some to change schools. We used administrative data from approximately 3,900 students in the Baltimore City Public School System in 2014–2015 to estimate the relationship between travel time on public transportation and school transfer during the ninth grade. We show that students who have relatively more difficult commutes are more likely to transfer than peers in the same school with less difficult commutes. Moreover, we found that when these students change schools, their newly enrolled school is substantially closer to home, requires fewer vehicle transfers, and is less likely to have been included among their initial set of school choices.

scholarly journals Behavior of Traffic Congestion and Public Transport in Eight Large Cities in Latin America during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 4703
Author(s):  
Renato Andara ◽  
Jesús Ortego-Osa ◽  
Melva Inés Gómez-Caicedo ◽  
Rodrigo Ramírez-Pisco ◽  
Luis Manuel Navas-Gracia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Johns Hopkins Hospital ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Public Data ◽  
The Impact

This comparative study analyzes the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on motorized mobility in eight large cities of five Latin American countries. Public institutions and private organizations have made public data available for a better understanding of the contagion process of the pandemic, its impact, and the effectiveness of the implemented health control measures. In this research, data from the IDB Invest Dashboard were used for traffic congestion as well as data from the Moovit© public transport platform. For the daily cases of COVID-19 contagion, those published by Johns Hopkins Hospital University were used. The analysis period corresponds from 9 March to 30 September 2020, approximately seven months. For each city, a descriptive statistical analysis of the loss and subsequent recovery of motorized mobility was carried out, evaluated in terms of traffic congestion and urban transport through the corresponding regression models. The recovery of traffic congestion occurs earlier and faster than that of urban transport since the latter depends on the control measures imposed in each city. Public transportation does not appear to have been a determining factor in the spread of the pandemic in Latin American cities.

The Significance of Regional Studies for the Elaboration of National Economic History

1960 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 588-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry W. Broude
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Regional Differentiation ◽  
Regional Studies ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
National Economic Development ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Point Of Departure

The purpose of this paper is to serve as a point of departure for discussion of the relationship of regional differentiation and growth to general economic development. In addition to touching on methodological problems, I hope to establish two specific points: (a) that the needs of economic history call for particular perspectives in delimiting regions, and (b) that study of regional interaction can provide insights in an understanding of national economic development.

“Beholding the Man”: Viewing (or is it Marking?) John’s Trial Scene alongside Kitsch Art

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-264
Author(s):  
Andrew P. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Devotional Art ◽  
The People ◽  
Subject And Object ◽  
Ecce Homo ◽  
Small Stories ◽  
John's Gospel ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Point Of Departure

One of the grand scenes of the Passion narratives can be found in John’s Gospel where Pilate, presenting Jesus to the people, proclaims “Behold the man”: “Ecce Homo.” But what exactly does Pilate mean when he asks the reader to “Behold”? This paper takes as its point of departure a roughly drawn picture of Jesus in the “Ecce Homo” tradition and explores the relationship of this picture to its referent in John’s Gospel, via its capacity as kitsch devotional art. Contemporary scholarship on kitsch focuses on what kitsch does, or how it functions, rather than assessing what it is. From this perspective, when “beholding” is understood not for what it reveals but for what it does, John’s scene takes on a very different significance. It becomes a scene that breaks down traditional divisions between big and small stories, subject and object as well as text and context. A kitsch perspective opens up possibilities for locating John’s narrative in unexpected places and experiences. Rather than being a two-dimensional departure from the grandeur of John’s trial scene, kitsch “art” actually provides a lens through which the themes and dynamics of the narrative can be re-viewed with an expansiveness somewhat lacking from more traditional commentary.


scholarly journals A Voice Unknown: Undercurrents in Mussorgsky's Sunless

2004 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-49
Author(s):  
Simon Perry
Keyword(s):  
Effective Means ◽  
Pitch Organization ◽  
Affective Meaning ◽  
Significant Achievement ◽  
Critical Interpretation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Artistic Self ◽  
Point Of Departure

Mussorgsky's Sunless cycle is aesthetically and stylistically an anomalous member of his oeuvre. Its notably effaced, pared-down, and withdrawn qualities present challenges to critical interpretation. Its uniqueness, however, renders it a crucial work for furnishing the fullest possible picture of Mussorgsky as a creative artist. The author of its texts, Golenishchev-Kutuzov (whose relationship with Mussorgsky at the time of its writing possibly extended beyond the platonic) has been identified by recent scholarship as an essential "eye-witness" for those to whom Stasov's populist characterization of the composer does not ring entirely true. Golenishchev-Kutuzov believed that in Sunless Mussorgsky first revealed his authentic artistic self. According to Golenishchev-Kutuvoz, Mussorgsky regarded his signal achievement in Sunless to have been the eradication of all elements other than "feeling." In other words, he had thrown off the stylistic shackles imposed by the aesthetics of realism and relied entirely on intuitive harmonic invention as the sole conveyor of a purely subjective, "affective" meaning in the cycle. This hypothesis forms the point of departure for an investigation of select numbers of the cycle. Analysis reveals that the affective aspect is not the only significant element operative. Alongside remnants of the realist style, there is evidence, of varying degrees of subtlety, for a knowing use of symmetrical pitch organization. Mussorgsky not only adapted the usual referential attachments of symmetrically based chromaticism--typically found in Russian operas of the second half of the nineteenth century--he also, through extremely simple but effective means, synthesized the "intuitive" harmonic and "rational" symmetrical elements of the cycle's pitch organization so that the latter emerges seamlessly out of the former. This remarkable synthesis ensures the cycle's uniformity of tone while also allowing for a reading that extends beyond the generally affective to the symbolically more specific. This symbolic level of reading offers several interpretative possibilities, one of which may refer even to the relationship of the poet and the composer. Irrespective of such potentials for interpretation, the most significant achievement in the cycle remains the synthesis of the intuitive/affective and rational/symbolic elements of its organization. Songs 1, 2, 3, and 6 of the cycle are considered in detail.

Performance Comparison of Bus Travel Time Prediction Models across Indian Cities

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (31) ◽  
pp. 87-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jairam R ◽  
B. Anil Kumar ◽  
Shriniwas S. Arkatkar ◽  
Lelitha Vanajakshi
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Heterogeneous Traffic ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Intelligent Transport System ◽  
Travel Time Prediction

Road traffic congestion has become a global worry in recent years. In many countries congestion is a major factor, causing noticeable loss to both economy and time. The rapid increase in vehicle ownership accompanied by slow growth of infrastructure has resulted in space constraints in almost all major cities in India. To mitigate this issue, authorities have shifted to more sustainable management solutions like Intelligent Transport System (ITS). Advanced Public Transportation System (APTS) is an important area in ITS which could considerably offset the growing ownership of private vehicles as public transport holds a noticeable mode share in several major cities in India. Getting access to real-time information about public transport would certainly attract more users. In this regard, this work aims at developing a reliable structure for predicting arrival/travel time of various public transport systems under heterogeneous traffic conditions existing in India. The data used for the study is collected from three cities—Surat, Mysore, and Chennai. The data is analyzed across space and time to extract patterns which are further utilized in prediction models. The models examined in this paper are k-NN classifier, Kalman Filter and Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) techniques. The performance of each model is evaluated and compared to understand which methods are suitable for different cities with varying characteristics.

Identifying the Determinants of Light Rail Mode Choice for Medium- and Long-Distance Trips

2012 ◽  
Vol 2275 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lieve Creemers ◽  
Mario Cools ◽  
Hans Tormans ◽  
Pieter-Jan Lateur ◽  
Davy Janssens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Mode Choice ◽  
Light Rail ◽  
Rail Transit ◽  
Light Rail Transit ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Vehicle Travel Time

The introduction of new public transport systems can influence society in a multitude of ways ranging from modal choices and the environment to economic growth. This paper examines the determinants of light rail mode choice for medium- and long-distance trips (10 to 40 km) for a new light rail system in Flanders, Belgium. To investigate these choices, the effects of various transport system–specific factors (i.e., travel cost, in-vehicle travel time, transit punctuality, waiting time, access and egress time, transfers, and availability of seats) as well as the travelers' personal traits were analyzed by using an alternating logistic regression model, which explicitly takes into account the correlated responses for binary data. The data used for the analysis stem from a stated preference survey conducted in Flanders. The modeling results are in line with literature: most transport system–specific factors as well as socioeconomic variables, attitudinal factors, perceptions, and the frequency of using public transport contribute significantly to the preference for light rail transit. In particular, the results indicate that the use of light rail is strongly influenced by travel cost and in-vehicle travel time and to a lesser extent by waiting and access–egress time. Seat availability appeared to play a more important role than did transfers in deciding to choose light rail transit. The findings of this paper can be used by policy makers as a frame of reference to make light rail transit more successful.

scholarly journals Can Accessing the Internet while Travelling Encourage Commuters to Use Public Transport Regardless of Their Attitude?

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3281
Author(s):  
Jinhyun Hong ◽  
David Philip McArthur ◽  
Mark Livingston
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Mode Choice ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Potential Effectiveness ◽  
Commuting Mode ◽  
The Relationship

Due to advances in technology (in particular the Internet), people have become less restricted by space and time, and can use travel time more productively by using their Internet-connected mobile devices on the move. Some operators provided Internet access on public transport to increase ridership. This has been shown to increase ridership, however it is not clear if it can induce people who prefer private cars to public transport to consider using public transport. In this paper, we examine the relationship between the frequency of using the Internet while commuting or travelling, and commuting mode choice, and how this relationship varies for people who have different attitudes toward public transport. Our results show that commuters who use the Internet frequently on the move tend to use public transport more. In addition, this association is significant for those who prefer private cars to public transport, showing the potential effectiveness of new technology in generating new riders.

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