The Landscape of the Dehesa in the Sierra Morena of Jaén (Spain) – the Transition from Traditional to New Land Uses

Land-Use Effect on Olive Groves Pest Prays oleae and on Its Potential Biocontrol Agent Chrysoperla carnea

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects12010046 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 46

Author(s):

João Frederico Alves ◽

Sara Mendes ◽

António Alves da Silva ◽

José Paulo Sousa ◽

Daniel Paredes

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Land Use ◽

Biological Control Agent ◽

Control Agent ◽

Agricultural Landscapes ◽

Chrysoperla Carnea ◽

Land Uses ◽

Prays Oleae ◽

Potential Biocontrol Agent ◽

Olive Groves

Olive growing has been intensified through the simplification of agricultural landscapes. In order to rethink the environmental drawbacks of these practices, conservation biological control techniques have been examined. In this work, Prays oleae and its natural enemy Chrysoperla carnea were monitored to account for the effects of the amount and diversity of different land-uses. We found that C. carnea showed an attraction to areas with high abundances of P. oleae but this predator did not display any affection by the different land-uses. Inversely, P. oleae abundance was lower in diverse landscapes and higher in simplified ones. Importantly, higher abundances of C. carnea were related to lower infestation levels of P. oleae in the late part of the season. These results corroborate the attraction of C. carnea to the olive moth, highlighting the potential of C. carnea as a biological control agent of this pest, assert that the promotion of land-use diversity can reduce P. oleae and confirm that landscapes dominated by olive groves can promote this pest. The present study aims at contributing to the discussion about the management of agricultural ecosystems by providing farmers with sustainable alternatives that do not have harmful effects on the environment and public health.

Agricultural land-uses consistently exacerbate infectious disease risks in Southeast Asia

Nature Communications ◽

10.1038/s41467-019-12333-z ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Hiral A. Shah ◽

Paul Huxley ◽

Jocelyn Elmes ◽

Kris A. Murray

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Infectious Diseases ◽

Southeast Asia ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Spotted Fever ◽

Oral Route ◽

Spotted Fever Group ◽

Land Uses ◽

Livestock Farming

Abstract Agriculture has been implicated as a potential driver of human infectious diseases. However, the generality of disease-agriculture relationships has not been systematically assessed, hindering efforts to incorporate human health considerations into land-use and development policies. Here we perform a meta-analysis with 34 eligible studies and show that people who live or work in agricultural land in Southeast Asia are on average 1.74 (CI 1.47–2.07) times as likely to be infected with a pathogen than those unexposed. Effect sizes are greatest for exposure to oil palm, rubber, and non-poultry based livestock farming and for hookworm (OR 2.42, CI 1.56–3.75), malaria (OR 2.00, CI 1.46–2.73), scrub typhus (OR 2.37, CI 1.41–3.96) and spotted fever group diseases (OR 3.91, CI 2.61–5.85). In contrast, no change in infection risk is detected for faecal-oral route diseases. Although responses vary by land-use and disease types, results suggest that agricultural land-uses exacerbate many infectious diseases in Southeast Asia.

Mapeamento do Potencial Pedoclimático da Cultura do Feijão Caupi (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) para o Estado da Paraíba (Mapping of pedoclimatic potential to cultivation of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) for the Paraíba State)

Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física ◽

10.26848/rbgf.v9.6.p1754-1768 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 1754

Author(s):

Paulo Roberto Megna Francisco ◽

DJAIL SANTOS ◽

EDUARDO RODRIGUES VIANA DE LIMA

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Vigna Unguiculata ◽

Land Use Planning ◽

High Potential ◽

Land Uses ◽

Livestock Farming ◽

Small Areas ◽

Natural Pasture ◽

Climate Suitability ◽

Very High

Este trabalho objetivou avaliar o potencial pedoclimático do Estado da Paraíba para a cultura agrícola do feijão caupi. Na obtenção dos mapas de potencial pedoclimático, as informações do potencial dos solos foram cruzadas com as obtidas da aptidão climática considerando três cenários pluviométricos: anos chuvosos, regulares e secos. O cruzamento das informações foi realizado por meio de técnicas de geoprocessamento utilizando o software SPRING e obtendo-se os mapas do potencial pedoclimático. O resultado das interpretações foi classificado em cinco classes de potencial pedoclimático: Muito Alto, Alto, Médio, Baixo e Muito Baixo. Os resultados demonstraram que áreas com potencial pedoclimático Baixo e Muito Baixo representam mais de 50% da área, o que sugere que outros usos da terra sejam desenvolvidos, como a pecuária extensiva com utilização de pastagem natural; As áreas com potencial pedoclimático Alto encontram-se principalmente na região do Litoral; Áreas de potencial Muito Baixo diminuem conforme o cenário se modifica do seco ao chuvoso, e as áreas de potencial Alto também diminuem conforme a mudança dos cenários; Devido à escala de trabalho 1:200.000 pequenas áreas não mapeadas podem apresentar potencial pedoclimático favorável ao desenvolvimento da cultura. A B S T R A C T This study aimed to evaluate the potential of the soil and climate of Paraiba State for crop of cowpea. In obtaining the pedoclimatic potential maps, the soil potential of information obtained were combined with the obtained climate suitability considering three rainfall scenarios: wet years, dry and regular. The crossing of the information was carried out through geoprocessing techniques using the SPRING software and obtaining maps of soil and climate potential. The result of the interpretations was classified into five pedoclimatic potential classes: Very High, High, Medium, Low and Very Low. The results showed that areas with potential soil and climate Low and Very Low for cowpea represent more than 50% of the study area which suggests that other land uses are developed, such as extensive livestock farming with the use of natural pasture; Areas with potential soil and climate High although small, are mainly in the Litoral region; Potential areas Very Low decrease as the scenery changes from dry to rainy, and high potential areas also decrease as the change of scenery due to cowpea; Because the working scale of 1:200.000 small areas not mapped may have potential soil and climate favorable to the development of culture. Keywords: Geotechnology, land use planning, pedological potential, rain probability, climate aptitude.

Monitoring land use change in the Lake Taupo catchment between 1975, 1990 and 2002 using satellite remote sensing data

Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association ◽

10.33584/jnzg.2007.69.2680 ◽

2007 ◽

pp. 17-22

Author(s):

H. Lilienthal ◽

A. Brauer ◽

K. Betteridge ◽

E. Schnug

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Water Quality ◽

Land Use ◽

Land Use Change ◽

Satellite Remote Sensing ◽

Remote Sensing Data ◽

Native Vegetation ◽

Lake Water Quality ◽

Livestock Farming ◽

Slow Decline

Conversion of native vegetation into farmed grassland in the Lake Taupo catchment commenced in the late 1950s. The lake's iconic value is being threatened by the slow decline in lake water quality that has become apparent since the 1970s. Keywords: satellite remote sensing, nitrate leaching, land use change, livestock farming, land management

MANAJEMEN DATA SPASIAL: PENGGUNAAN TANAH WILAYAH PEDESAAN DI SUMATERA BARAT

Jurnal Spasial ◽

10.22202/js.v5i2.3090 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 48-53

Author(s):

Afrital Rezki, S.Pd., M.Si ◽

Erna Juita ◽

Dasrizal Dasrizal ◽

Arie Zella Putra Ulni

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Paddy Field ◽

Secondary Forest ◽

Water Bodies ◽

Primary Forest ◽

Land Uses ◽

Forest Land ◽

Land Use Patterns ◽

Crop Fields ◽

Mixed Plantations

Perkembangan penggunaan tanah bergerak horisontal secara spasial ke arah wilayah yang mudah diusahakan. Penggunaan tanah juga bergerak secara vertikal dalam rangka menaikkan mutunya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pola penggunaan lahan, bagaimana manajemen penggunaan lahan di satu wilayah berdasarkan batas Nagari. Metode yang digunakan adalah analsisis spasial dengan interpretasi citra penginderaan jauh, survey lapangan, dan analisis deskriptif. Pertumbuhan pemukiman Nagari Sungai Sariak Kecamatan VII Koto Kabupaten Padang Pariaman mengakibatkan pemanfaatan ruang menjadi tumpang tindih. Diperlukan cara-cara pengelolaan dan managemen penggunaan tanah dalam rangka pembangunan berkelanjutan yang menaikkan taraf hidup masyarakat dan tidak menimbulkan kerugian lingkungan.Terdapat 9 jenis penggunaan lahan yang ada di Nagari Sungai Sariak. Penggunaan lahan tersebut adalah Primary Forest, Secondary Forest, Paddy Field, Settlement, Mixed Plantations, Crop Fields, Water Bodies, Bushes, dan Plantations. Penggunaan lahan yang paling luas di Nagari Sungai Sariak adalah jenis penggunaan lahan Primary Forest, sebesar 48% dari total luas wilayah Nagari Sungai Sariak. Pada tahun 2011 sampai tahun 2016, penggunaan lahan paling luas terjadi pada penggunaan lahan jenis Primary Forest yang kemudian menjadi Mixed Plantations. Land use Changes moved horizontally spatially towards areas that are easily cultivated. The land use also moves vertically in order to increase its quality. This study aims to analyze land use patterns, how land use management in one area is based on Nagari boundaries. The method used is spatial analysis with interpretation of remote sensing images, field surveys, and descriptive analysis. The growth of Nagari Sungai Sariak in Kecamatan VII Koto, Kabupaten Padang Pariaman resulted in overlapping use of space. Management methods are needed and management of land use in the framework of sustainable development that raises the standard of living of the community and does not cause environmental losses. There are 9 types of land use in the Nagari Sungai Sariak. The land uses are Primary Forest, Secondary Forest, Paddy Field, Settlement, Mixed Plantations, Crop Fields, Water Bodies, Bushes, and Plantations. The most extensive land use in Nagari Sungai Sariak is the type of Primary Forest land use, amounting to 48% of the total area of the Nagari Sungai Sariak. From 2011 to 2016, the most extensive land use occurred in Primary Forest land uses which later became Mixed Plantations.

Changes in Coastal Agricultural Land Use in Response to Climate Change: An Assessment Using Satellite Remote Sensing and Household Survey Data in Tien Hai District, Thai Binh Province, Vietnam

Land ◽

10.3390/land10060627 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 627

Author(s):

Duong H. Nong ◽

An T. Ngo ◽

Hoa P. T. Nguyen ◽

Thuy T. Nguyen ◽

Lan T. Nguyen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Land Use ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Land Use Changes ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Household Survey ◽

Extreme Weather Events ◽

Agricultural Land Use ◽

Landsat 8 ◽

Land Uses

We analyzed the agricultural land-use changes in the coastal areas of Tien Hai district, Thai Binh province, in 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020, using Landsat 5 and Landsat 8 data. We used the object-oriented classification method with the maximum likelihood algorithm to classify six types of land uses. The series of land-use maps we produced had an overall accuracy of more than 80%. We then conducted a spatial analysis of the 5-year land-use change using ArcGIS software. In addition, we surveyed 150 farm households using a structured questionnaire regarding the impacts of climate change on agricultural productivity and land uses, as well as farmers’ adaptation and responses. The results showed that from 2005 to 2020, cropland decreased, while aquaculture land and forest land increased. We observed that the most remarkable decreases were in the area of rice (485.58 ha), the area of perennial crops (109.7 ha), and the area of non-agricultural land (747.35 ha). The area of land used for aquaculture and forest increased by 566.88 ha and 772.60 ha, respectively. We found that the manifestations of climate change, such as extreme weather events, saltwater intrusion, drought, and floods, have had a profound impact on agricultural production and land uses in the district, especially for annual crops and aquaculture. The results provide useful information for state authorities to design land-management strategies and solutions that are economic and effective in adapting to climate change.

Analyzing the Patterns, Trends and Dynamics of the Land-Use Changes in Azores Region: From 1990 to 2018

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13105433 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (10) ◽

pp. 5433

Author(s):

Rui Alexandre Castanho ◽

José Manuel Naranjo Gómez ◽

Gualter Couto ◽

Pedro Pimentel ◽

Áurea Sousa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Development Strategy ◽

Land Use Changes ◽

Regional Government ◽

Land Uses ◽

Comprehensive Planning ◽

Sustainability Planning ◽

The Enlightenment ◽

Planning Strategies ◽

Agricultural Areas

The remarkable richness and singularity of the Azorean Region (located 38° North) and its landscapes require a sharp, well-defined, and comprehensive planning policy. Bearing in mind the significance of this issue in the enlightenment of sustainability, planning strategies should be based and supported by different studies and thematic domains to understand the problem thoroughly. Using GIS (Geographic Information Systems), the present article enables us to identify the dynamics and patterns of the evolution of the Land-Use Changes in the Azores Region from 1990 to 2018. In aggregate, the Azores islands showed growth in artificial surfaces and forest and seminatural land-uses by essentially decreasing agricultural areas—most resulting from the economic and social development strategy pursued by several Azorean governments. Moreover, this study permits us to reinforce that the Azores Archipelago’s land-uses has undergone multiple changes—marked by increasing and decreasing periods. In fact, some of these reducing dynamics are disturbing. They require closer monitorization by regional government actors to give protection, preservation, and conservation to these incomparable ultra-peripheral landscapes, environments, ecosystems, and the region as a whole.

Soil gross nitrogen transformations in forestland and cropland of Regosols

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-80395-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Xiao Ren ◽

Jinbo Zhang ◽

Hamidou Bah ◽

Christoph Müller ◽

Zucong Cai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Southwest China ◽

Nitrification Rate ◽

Land Uses ◽

Nitrogen Transformations ◽

N Losses ◽

Retention Capacity ◽

N Transformations ◽

Autotrophic Nitrification ◽

Land Use Types

AbstractSoil gross nitrogen (N) transformations could be influenced by land use change, however, the differences in inherent N transformations between different land use soils are still not well understood under subtropical conditions. In this study, an 15N tracing experiment was applied to determine the influence of land uses on gross N transformations in Regosols, widely distributed soils in Southwest China. Soil samples were taken from the dominant land use types of forestland and cropland. In the cropland soils, the gross autotrophic nitrification rates (mean 14.54 ± 1.66 mg N kg−1 day−1) were significantly higher, while the gross NH4+ immobilization rates (mean 0.34 ± 0.10 mg N kg−1 day−1) were significantly lower than those in the forestland soils (mean 1.99 ± 0.56 and 6.67 ± 0.74 mg N kg−1 day−1, respectively). The gross NO3− immobilization and dissimilatory NO3− reduction to NH4+ (DNRA) rates were not significantly different between the forestland and cropland soils. In comparison to the forestland soils (mean 0.51 ± 0.24), the cropland soils had significantly lower NO3− retention capacities (mean 0.01 ± 0.01), indicating that the potential N losses in the cropland soils were higher. The correlation analysis demonstrated that soil gross autotrophic nitrification rate was negatively and gross NH4+ immobilization rate was positively related to the SOC content and C/N ratio. Therefore, effective measures should be taken to increase soil SOC content and C/N ratio to enhance soil N immobilization ability and NO3− retention capacity and thus reduce NO3− losses from the Regosols.

Monetary Valuation of Flood Protection Ecosystem Service Based on Hydrological Modelling and Avoided Damage Costs. An Example from the Čierny Hron River Basin, Slovakia

Water ◽

10.3390/w13020198 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 198

Author(s):

Igor Gallay ◽

Branislav Olah ◽

Zuzana Gallayová ◽

Tomáš Lepeška

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Land Use ◽

Ecosystem Service ◽

Hydrological Modelling ◽

Flood Protection ◽

Medium Size ◽

Land Uses ◽

Monetary Valuation ◽

Monetary Value ◽

Damage Costs

Flood protection is considered one of the crucial regulating ecosystem services due to climate change and extreme weather events. As an ecosystem service, it combines the results of hydrological and ecosystem research and their implementation into land management and/or planning processes including several formally separated economic sectors. As managerial and economic interests often diverge, successful decision-making requires a common denominator in form of monetary valuation of competing trade-offs. In this paper, a methodical approach based on the monetary value of the ecosystem service provided by the ecosystem corresponding to its actual share in flood regulating processes and the value of the property protected by this service was developed and demonstrated based on an example of a medium size mountain basin (290 ha). Hydrological modelling methods (SWAT, HEC-RAS) were applied for assessing the extent of floods with different rainfalls and land uses. The rainfall threshold value that would cause flooding with the current land use but that would be safely drained if the basin was covered completely by forest was estimated. The cost of the flood protection ecosystem service was assessed by the method of non-market monetary value for estimating avoided damage costs of endangered infrastructure and calculated both for the current and hypothetical land use. The results identify areas that are crucial for water retention and that deserve greater attention in management. In addition, the monetary valuation of flood protection provided by the current but also by hypothetical land uses enables competent and well-formulated decision-making processes.

Prediction of Hourly Effect of Land Use on Crime

ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information ◽

10.3390/ijgi8010016 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 16 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Irina Matijosaitiene ◽

Peng Zhao ◽

Sylvain Jaume ◽

Joseph Gilkey Jr

Keyword(s):

Machine Learning ◽

Land Use ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Hot Spots ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Prediction Models ◽

Hot Spot ◽

Time Range ◽

Land Uses ◽

Police Departments

Predicting the exact urban places where crime is most likely to occur is one of the greatest interests for Police Departments. Therefore, the goal of the research presented in this paper is to identify specific urban areas where a crime could happen in Manhattan, NY for every hour of a day. The outputs from this research are the following: (i) predicted land uses that generates the top three most committed crimes in Manhattan, by using machine learning (random forest and logistic regression), (ii) identifying the exact hours when most of the assaults are committed, together with hot spots during these hours, by applying time series and hot spot analysis, (iii) built hourly prediction models for assaults based on the land use, by deploying logistic regression. Assault, as a physical attack on someone, according to criminal law, is identified as the third most committed crime in Manhattan. Land use (residential, commercial, recreational, mixed use etc.) is assigned to every area or lot in Manhattan, determining the actual use or activities within each particular lot. While plotting assaults on the map for every hour, this investigation has identified that the hot spots where assaults occur were ‘moving’ and not confined to specific lots within Manhattan. This raises a number of questions: Why are hot spots of assaults not static in an urban environment? What makes them ‘move’—is it a particular urban pattern? Is the ‘movement’ of hot spots related to human activities during the day and night? Answering these questions helps to build the initial frame for assault prediction within every hour of a day. Knowing a specific land use vulnerability to assault during each exact hour can assist the police departments to allocate forces during those hours in risky areas. For the analysis, the study is using two datasets: a crime dataset with geographical locations of crime, date and time, and a geographic dataset about land uses with land use codes for every lot, each obtained from open databases. The study joins two datasets based on the spatial location and classifies data into 24 classes, based on the time range when the assault occurred. Machine learning methods reveal the effect of land uses on larceny, harassment and assault, the three most committed crimes in Manhattan. Finally, logistic regression provides hourly prediction models and unveils the type of land use where assaults could occur during each hour for both day and night.