scholarly journals Measuring system for monitoring the polydimensional deformation of superstructures of bridges and over-bridges

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-18
Author(s):  
Andrii Levterov
Keyword(s):  
Laser Beam ◽  
Horizontal Plane ◽  
Ultrasonic Sensor ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Laser Systems ◽  
In Series ◽  
Reliability Of Operation ◽  
Optical Wedge

Abstract. Bridges belong to critical structures. Therefore the geodetic monitoring of their stability should be performed during their operation. Correctly and qualitatively performed control over stability of the ready-built construction increases the term and the reliability of operation of the bridge and considerably increases the safety of its use. All over the world there is a tendency to increase the length of superstructures of bridges and to use widely the flexible constructions. This makes these structures even more sensitive to dynamic loads. Based on the concept of unfolding the laser beam in the horizontal plane, the methods and devices for measuring the polydimensional deformations of superstructures of bridges and over-bridges were developed. The article examines the methods and devices for measuring the polydimensional deformation of superstructures of bridges and over-bridges with the use of deployable optical laser systems for measuring the longitudinal deformation of superstructures and an ultrasonic sensor for measuring transverse deformation. The devices use lasers with continuous radiation of a beam of a certain wavelength. Optical collimators are arranged in series with the lasers. The spinner, for example, is an engine on the shaft of which there is a mirror or a prism with a reflecting face at an angle of 45° to the laser beam, or a rotating optical wedge, due to which the laser beam is deployed in a horizontal plane. All n sequentially arranged deformation sensors and an additional photodetector for the control of the deflection of the wire on which the ultrasonic sensor is installed, are made in the form of a line of elements of a certain length, and each photodetector has the same number of elements. Each element of the photodetector is made of a certain material that transmits a laser beam without any special interference. The devices can be used in the automated system of monitoring of the deformations of the bridge structure (ASDB), which will allow the quick control of their condition, displacements and deflections resulting from the external climatic influences, as well as the amplitude of oscillation of loads from the continuous traffic with non-cyclic long-term loading of superstructures of bridges and over-bridges.

Rancang Bangun Sistem Monitoring Pengukuran Volume Air Berbasis IoT Menggunakan Arduino Wemos

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-153
Author(s):  
Muhamad Yusup ◽  
Po. Abas Sunarya ◽  
Krisandi Aprilyanto
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Water Reservoir ◽  
Ultrasonic Sensor ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Volume Formula ◽  
Air Volume ◽  
Database Server ◽  
A Company ◽  
Height Data

System The process of counting and storing in a manual water reservoir analysis has a high percentage of error rate compared to an automated system. In a company industry, especially in the WWT (Waste Water Treatment) section, it has several reservoir tanks as stock which are still counted manually. The ultrasonic sensor is placed at the top of the WWT tank in a hanging position. Basically, to measure the volume in a tank only variable height is always changing. So by utilizing the function of the ultrasonic sensor and also the tube volume formula, the stored AIR volume can be monitored in real time based on IoT using the Blynk application. From the sensor, height data is obtained which then the formula is processed by Arduino Wemos and then information is sent to the MySQL database server via the WIFI network.

scholarly journals Integrated Double-Sided Random Microlens Array Used for Laser Beam Homogenization

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 673
Author(s):  
Wei Yuan ◽  
Cheng Xu ◽  
Li Xue ◽  
Hui Pang ◽  
Axiu Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Beam ◽  
Microlens Array ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Periodic Lattice ◽  
Lattice Distribution ◽  
Speckle Field ◽  
High Laser ◽  
Alignment Problem ◽  
In Series

Double microlens arrays (MLAs) in series can be used to divide and superpose laser beam so as to achieve a homogenized spot. However, for laser beam homogenization with high coherence, the periodic lattice distribution in the homogenized spot will be generated due to the periodicity of the traditional MLA, which greatly reduces the uniformity of the homogenized spot. To solve this problem, a monolithic and highly integrated double-sided random microlens array (D-rMLA) is proposed for the purpose of achieving laser beam homogenization. The periodicity of the MLA is disturbed by the closely arranged microlens structures with random apertures. And the random speckle field is achieved to improve the uniformity of the homogenized spot by the superposition of the divided sub-beams. In addition, the double-sided exposure technique is proposed to prepare the rMLA on both sides of the same substrate with high precision alignment to form an integrated D-rMLA structure, which avoids the strict alignment problem in the installation process of traditional discrete MLAs. Then the laser beam homogenization experiments have been carried out by using the prepared D-rMLA structure. The laser beam homogenized spots of different wavelengths have been tested, including the wavelengths of 650 nm (R), 532 nm (G), and 405 nm (B). The experimental results show that the uniformity of the RGB homogenized spots is about 91%, 89%, and 90%. And the energy utilization rate is about 89%, 87%, 86%, respectively. Hence, the prepared structure has high laser beam homogenization ability and energy utilization rate, which is suitable for wide wavelength regime.

Development of Autonomous Robotic Cataract Surgery Device

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Francom ◽  
Clinton Burns ◽  
Philip Repisky ◽  
Benjamin Medina ◽  
Alex Kinney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
Parallel Mechanism ◽  
Horizontal Plane ◽  
Robotic System ◽  
Design Work ◽  
In Series ◽  
Extracapsular Cataract Surgery ◽  
Future Work

The current rate of incidence of cataracts is increasing faster than treatment capacity, and an autonomous robotic system is proposed to mitigate this by carrying out cataract surgeries. The robot is composed of a three actuator RPS parallel mechanism in series with an actuated rail mounted roller that moves around the eye, and is designed to perform a simplified version of the extracapsular cataract surgery procedure autonomously. The majority of the design work has been completed, and it is projected that the system will have a tool accuracy of 0.167 mm, 0.141 mm, and 0.290 mm in the x, y, and z directions, respectively. Such accuracies are within the acceptable errors of 1.77mm in the x and y directions of the horizontal plane, as well as 1.139 mm in the vertical z direction. Tracking of the tool when moving at 2 mm/s should give increments of 0.08 mm per frame, ensuring constant visual feedback. Future work will involve completing construction and testing of the device, as well as adding the capability to perform a more comprehensive surgical procedure if time allows.

scholarly journals Pulsed UV Laser Processing of Carbosilane and Silazane Polymers

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Ligon ◽  
Gurdial Blugan ◽  
Jakob Kuebler
Keyword(s):  
Laser Beam ◽  
Laser Processing ◽  
Scanning Speed ◽  
Inert Atmosphere ◽  
Laser Wavelength ◽  
Uv Laser ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Polymer Precursors ◽  
Laser Systems ◽  
Pre Treatment

Freestanding SiCNO ceramic pieces with sub-mm features were produced by laser crosslinking of carbosilane and silazane polymer precursors followed by pyrolysis in inert atmosphere. Three different pulsed UV laser systems were investigated, and the influence of laser wavelength, operating power and scanning speed were all found to be important. Different photoinitiators were tested for the two lasers operating at 355 nm, while for the 266 nm laser, crosslinking occurred also without photoinitiator. Pre-treatment of glass substrates with fluorinated silanes was found to ease the release of green bodies during solvent development. Polymer crosslinking was observed with all three of the laser systems, as were bubbles, surface charring and in some cases ablation. By focusing the laser beam several millimeters above the surface of the resin, selective polymer crosslinking was observed exclusively.

scholarly journals Developing a Measuring System for Monitoring the Thickness of the 6 m Wide HDPE/LDPE Polymer Geomembrane with Its Continuous Flow Using Automation Equipment

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 10045
Author(s):  
Tatyana Nikonova ◽  
Olga Zharkevich ◽  
Essim Dandybaev ◽  
Murat Baimuldin ◽  
Leonid Daich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Software Complex ◽  
Automation Equipment ◽  
Production Conditions

As a result of R&D, a measuring system for controlling the thickness of the HDPE/LDPE (high-density polyethylene/low-density polyethylene) polymer geomembrane was developed using automation equipment. The relevance of this work consists of the development of a domestic, relatively inexpensive system for controlling the thickness of the HDPE/LDPE polymer geomembrane in production conditions based on modern equipment for enterprise automation. The scientific novelty consists of the use of original design solutions in the development of hardware and software complex mechanisms that allow controlling the thickness of the HDPE/LDPE polymer geomembrane layers along the entire width of the shaft, excluding deformation of the film as a result of foreign bodies entering during extrusion, cuts, monitoring the quality of the film in real time, as well as the possibility of analyzing the measured parameters in the database of the automated system.

THE EFFECT OF MOTION CONTROL SHOES ON REDUCING THE FORCE AND PRESSURE IN INDIVIDUALS WITH PRONATED FEET DURING WALKING

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (01) ◽  
pp. 1850013
Author(s):  
Cheng-Chieh Lin ◽  
Ming-Tung Huang ◽  
Cheng-Feng Lin
Keyword(s):  
Motion Control ◽  
Peak Pressure ◽  
Dynamic Pressure ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Limb Injuries ◽  
Foot Pronation ◽  
Short And Long Term

Excessive foot pronation may alter the biomechanics of lower limbs during locomotion and is associated with a number of lower limb injuries. The motion control shoes have been found to be effective in reducing the foot pronation and peak pressure during running. However, differences in biomechanics exist between running and walking. The purpose of the present study is to investigate whether the force and pressure may be reduced while walking with motion control shoes. Thirty-five participants with unilateral pronated foot were recruited, and the motion control shoes with the possibility of adjusting its midsole hardness were prescribed. The participants walked with three shoes conditions: own shoes, motion control shoes with and without adjustments while the force and pressure were recorded via the in-shoe dynamic pressure measuring system. Better stability and decreased pain sensation were reported while walking with the motion control shoes compared with participants’ own shoes. Similarly, the decrease of both peak force and pressure was also observed while walking with motion control shoes. However, the adjustment of the midsole hardness did not provide additional effect in either force or peak pressure. Consistent to the previous findings in running, our findings suggest that the motion control shoes are effective in reducing force and pressure during walking. Future studies are needed to investigate the short- and long-term effect of the motion control shoes during walking.

Numerical Analysis of Temperature Field in Laser Cladding on Teeth Surfaces of Gear Shaft

2010 ◽  
Vol 29-32 ◽  
pp. 571-576
Author(s):  
Lie Chen ◽  
Pei Lin Xie
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Field ◽  
Laser Beam ◽  
Laser Cladding ◽  
Horizontal Plane ◽  
Laser Energy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Result Show ◽  
Two Sides

Temperature field of laser cladding on teeth surfaces of gear shaft was numerical simulated with finite element analysis software – ANSYS. The simulation result show that the heat caused by laser beam is concentrated inside the tooth mostly. An effect of preheating in the adjacent tooth is also brought about by injected laser energy. In order to make use of the effect of preheating and avoid the concentration of heat, all of the corresponding flanks of teeth should be cladded first and the other flanks of teeth be cladded secondly in the process of laser cladding. It is also shown that the problems of excessive melted down and collapsing of tooth-tip would be easily resulted in by the heat that concentrated in tooth-tip if the tooth-side and tooth-tip be cladded at the same time. The results of analysis and experiment show that at least two times of scanning should be executed in the process of laser cladding on teeth surfaces. At the first scanning, dimension of laser beam should be reduced properly. And the tooth-tip should not be irradiated directly by laser beam. After the first scanning, the gear should be circumrotated a certain angle. And the included angles between the two sides of tooth-tip and horizontal plane should be approximately equal. Then the second scanning could be prosecuted at the tooth-tip. Experiment results show that continuous and compact cladding coat could be gained by this craft. It is proved that this technological craft is reasonable and effective.

Zenker's Diverticulotomy with the Carbon Dioxide Laser: Perioperative Management and Long-Term Results

2003 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Hoffmann ◽  
Heinrich H. Rudert ◽  
David Scheunemann ◽  
Steffen Maune
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide Laser ◽  
Perioperative Management ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Functional Results ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Special Equipment ◽  
Laser Systems ◽  
Zenker’S Diverticulotomy ◽  
Low Rate

We analyzed 119 files of patients with Zenker's diverticulum who were treated with CO2 laser systems concerning treatment management, complications, and long-term results. Although the tissue bridge was dissected down to the fundus of the diverticulum, opening the mediastinum, mediastinitis was observed in none of the cases. Of the patients followed up for long-term results, 90.3% were completely symptom-free, and 5.8% of the patients reported an improvement in general condition. In view of the low rate of complications and the low level of morbidity and because of the good functional results, microendoscopic laser surgical diverticulotomy can be recommended as suitable therapy, especially as compared to external approaches or even other endoscopic treatment strategies. The main advantage as compared to staple-assisted esophagodiverticulostomy is that no special equipment is needed and that even small pouches can be treated successfully.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document