scholarly journals The efficacy of specific immunocorrection drugs against ovine oestrosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-116
Author(s):  
V. A. Marchenko
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Oestrus Ovis ◽  
Host Organism ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Spring Period ◽  
Green Bottle ◽  
And Control

The purpose of the research is to characterize the effect of specific immunocorrection drugs on the survival rate of the sheep botfly larvae and the immune response of the host organism. Materials and methods. Three variants of laboratory samples of specific immunocorrection drugs against sheep oestrosis have been developed based on water-soluble proteins of Oestrus ovis L. and Lucilia serricata Mg. larvae. The studies were carried out on 12 test and 3 control groups of lambs born in the current year artificially infected with 80 larvae of the sheep botfly. Fourteen days before infection, the test lambs were immunized with the prepared drugs. The drugs were injected subcutaneously in various doses (2–6 ml) and repeatedly (1–3) or by a single intranasal irrigation at a dose of 10 ml per animal. The efficacy was evaluated for the early (July – September) and summer-spring (August – April) periods of parasitism. In the test and control animals, we determined specific antibodies (JgG), stable E-rosette-forming cells (sE-RFC) and antigen-reactive (AR-RFC) T-lymphocytes. Results and discussion. The tested specific immunocorrection drugs based on somatic proteins of the sheep botfly and the sheep green bottle larvae have a pronounced protective effect against ovine oestrosis. In experiments, being affected by various drug variants, 44.6–99.1% of the sheep botfly larvae died in the early period of parasitism, and 22.6–88.1% of the sheep botfly larvae died in the summer-spring period. Subcutaneously injected drugs stimulate the produced specific antibodies and activate the effector function of the T-cell immune system to a greater extent than intranasal irrigation.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection in patients undergoing hemodialysis and healthy group

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahrzad Soltani ◽  
Mehdi Sagha Kahvaz ◽  
Sheyda Soltani ◽  
Fatemeh Maghsoudi ◽  
Masoud Foroutan
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
And Control ◽  
Undercooked Meat

Abstract Objectives In this study, the seroprevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) specific antibodies in patients undergoing hemodialysis compared to the control group were evaluated. In this case–control study, 200 hemodialysis patients (HDP) and 100 healthy controls were participated. The specific antibodies (IgG/IgM) in both groups were tested using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. A structured questionnaire containing some demographic information was completed for each person in case and control groups. Results The overall seroprevalence of T. gondii infection was 49.5% (99/200) and 23.0% (23/100) in the case and control groups, respectively. There was a significant association between seroprevalence of T. gondii infection and contact with cats (P < 0.001), consumption of raw/undercooked meat (P = 0.01), and source of drinking water (P = 0.001) in the hemodialysis patients. Also, in the control subjects, there were a significant association between consumption of raw/undercooked meat (P = 0.04) and source of drinking water (P = 0.001) with T. gondii infection. The findings showed a high seroprevalence of T. gondii infection in HDP compared with healthy controls; thus, we recommend the regular screening programs for T. gondii infection in this susceptible group.

Immune response of heifers against aStaphylococcus aureusCP5 whole cell vaccine formulated with ISCOMATRIX™adjuvant

2012 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia M Camussone ◽  
Carolina M Veaute ◽  
Carina Porporatto ◽  
Bror Morein ◽  
Iván S Marcipar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Cell Vaccine ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Staph Aureus ◽  
Whole Cell Vaccine ◽  
Cellular Immune ◽  
And Control

The shortcomings of Staphylococcus aureus vaccines to control bovine mastitis have been attributed to insufficient capacity of the vaccines to induce opsonizing antibodies and to stimulate cellular immune responses. Types of antigen, administration route and adjuvant used in a vaccine formulation have been identified as critical factors for the development of opsonic antibodies. Current commercially available vaccines for Staph. aureus bovine mastitis control are formulated with Al(OH)3and oil-based adjuvants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the immune response of heifers immunized with a Staph. aureus CP5 whole cell vaccine formulated either with Al(OH)3or ISCOMATRIX™. Twenty primigravid Holstein dairy heifers in the last trimester of gestation were immunized either with a vaccine formulated with ISCOMATRIX™(n = 6), Al(OH)3(n = 7), or saline solution (placebo) (n = 7). Immunization was carried out 38 and 10 d before calving. Heifers vaccinated with Staph. aureus adjuvanted with ISCOMATRIX™responded with significantly higher levels of anti-bacterin and anti-CP5 IgG and IgG2in sera than animals in the Al(OH)3or control groups. Animals in the ISCOMATRIX™group responded with significantly higher anti-bacterin specific IgG in whey than animals in the Al(OH)3and control groups, detected from the first week post calving until 60 d of lactation. Sera from animals inoculated with Staph. aureus in ISCOMATRIX™, obtained 7 d post partum, significantly increased both the number of neutrophils ingesting bacteria and the number of bacteria being ingested by the neutrophils, compared with sera obtained from heifers vaccinated with Al(OH)3or non-vaccinated controls. These features coupled to safety of the ISCOMATRIX™formulation, warrant additional studies.

scholarly journals The application of formic acid to treat varroaatosis in bees in organic animal husbandry

2021 ◽  
pp. 175-182
Author(s):  
V. A. Chuchunov ◽  
E. B. Radzievskiy ◽  
T. V. Konobliy
Keyword(s):  
Formic Acid ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Varroa Mite ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Spring Period ◽  
Bee Colony ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Treatment Measures ◽  
And Control ◽  
Positive Effect

The research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of formic acid as an antiparasitic agent against the varroa mite. The research seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of the antiparasitic agent against the varroa mite and to determine the possibility of using formic acid in organic apiculture. The study was carried out in the nomadic apiaries of Volgograd (apiary 1), Olkhovsky (apiary 2) and Dubovsky (apiary 3) districts of the Volgograd region. The nests were formed by the pairing method with 5 experimental and control families in each apiary after the central beehive (end of July, beginning of August) before the preparation of the bee families for wintering by shrinkage. The authors carried out antiparasitic measures using a gel containing 85% formic acid in the experimental groups twice with an interval of two weeks. The gel is contained in sachets of 30 grams each. The authors placed formic acid over the frames under the canvas (at the rate of 1 sachet per bee colony). The experimental results showed that the treatment measures in the experimental groups had a positive effect on all apiaries. In those groups where formic acid was used, the number of mites decreased by 14.3-28.2% and did not exceed 3.8%. At the same time, in the control groups, the number of mites increased. The treatment measures had a positive effect on the overwintering of the bees. Bee mortality in the autumn-winter-spring period in the experimental groups did not exceed 8.3%. In contrast, in the control families, the wastage was no lower than 18.8%. Also, in two apiaries, one family each died in the control groups. Honey productivity, in the end, was also higher in the experimental groups. The experimental groups produced at least 27.42 kg of honey. The control groups had 17.9 kg of honey per family. Profitability in the experimental groups ranged from 40.87 in Apiary 2 to 60.62% in Apiary 3. This was less than 24.47 per cent in the control apiaries.

Assessment of Retinal Neurodegeneration and Choroidal Thickness in COVID-19 Patients Using Swept-Source OCT Technology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tugba Cetinkaya ◽  
Muhammed M. Kurt ◽  
Cetin Akpolat
Keyword(s):  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Choroidal Thickness ◽  
Ferritin Level ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Swept Source ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Abstract Purpose To analyze the central macular thickness (CMT), retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT), ganglion cell layer thickness (GCLT), and choroidal thickness (ChT) measurements in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods The study was conducted cross-sectionally 4 weeks after the completed treatment of COVID-19. The diagnosis of COVID-19 was based on the polymerase chain reaction test and/or clinical and radiological findings. The patients with treated COVID-19 were enrolled in the COVID-19 group; age- and sex-matched healthy participants served as the control group. All patients in the COVID-19 group were hospitalized and treated with favipiravir, moxifloxacin, and heparin without the requirement for intubation. The measurements of CMT, RNFLT (in four quadrants), GCLT (in six sectors of two different boundaries), and ChT (in five locations) were performed by swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). Results Similar visual acuity (p = 0.582) and intraocular pressure (p = 0.766) values were observed between the COVID-19 and control groups. Regarding SS-OCT measurements, all mean CMT, RNFLT (in four quadrants), GCLT (in six sectors of two different boundaries), and ChT (in five locations) values were similar in the COVID-19 and control groups (p > 0.05 for all). In the COVID-19 group, a statistically significant negative correlation was noted between the mean ferritin level and temporal RNFLT (r = − 0.378, p = 0.014) and a positive correlation was observed between the mean ferritin level and nasal RNFLT (r = + 0.371, p = 0.016). Conclusion SS-OCT measurements showed no retinal neurodegenerative and choroidal thickness alterations in COVID-19 patients. Nonsignificant results might be due to the examination of the patients in the early period of the COVID-19 after the treatment. Therefore, late period OCT measurements should be reviewed with new studies in the future.

Conjugated Linoleic Acid Causes a Marked Increase in Liver α-Tocopherol and Liver α-Tocopherol Transfer Protein in C57BL/6 J Mice

2010 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei-Min Chao ◽  
Wan-Hsuan Chen ◽  
Chun-Huei Liao ◽  
Huey-Mei Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Transfer Protein ◽  
And Control

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a collective term for the positional and geometric isomers of a conjugated diene of linoleic acid (C18:2, n-6). The aims of the present study were to evaluate whether levels of hepatic α-tocopherol, α-tocopherol transfer protein (α-TTP), and antioxidant enzymes in mice were affected by a CLA-supplemented diet. C57BL/6 J mice were divided into the CLA and control groups, which were fed, respectively, a 5 % fat diet with or without 1 g/100 g of CLA (1:1 mixture of cis-9, trans-11 and trans-10, cis-12) for four weeks. α-Tocopherol levels in plasma and liver were significantly higher in the CLA group than in the control group. Liver α-TTP levels were also significantly increased in the CLA group, the α-TTP/β-actin ratio being 2.5-fold higher than that in control mice (p<0.01). Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances were significantly decreased in the CLA group (p<0.01). There were no significant differences between the two groups in levels of three antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase). The accumulation of liver α-tocopherol seen with the CLA diet can be attributed to the antioxidant potential of CLA and the ability of α-TTP induction. The lack of changes in antioxidant enzyme protein levels and the reduced lipid peroxidation in the liver of CLA mice are due to α-tocopherol accumulation.

The Prospects and Risks Connected with Increasing the Level of Self-Organisation in Students

2020 ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Svetlana Alexandrovna Kosareva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Initial Level ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Study Guide ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Self Organisation ◽  
And Control

The paper describes the method for increasing the level of self-organisation in students which has been developed by the author. It also contains the method testing results and presents the prospects and risks teachers could face while applying the method in a higher education institution. The purpose of this study is to find out the prospects and risks of applying the method for increasing the level of self-organisation in students and to determine the ways of reducing the risks. Methodology. The author points out the learning approaches which were the basis of developing the method and describes diagnostic methods for determining students’ self-organisation levels. The work focused on increasing each student’s initial level consists of a theoretical and a practical part and includes project activities on creating a study guide. The results of the study. The method developed proved to be effective. It was established by diagnosing the final level of self-organisation in students in the experimental and control groups. The paper considers the advantages of the method among which there is universal character, flexibility, improvements to teacher’s and students’ professional competence, etc. At the same time it is necessary to be aware of the risks due to the increased amount of teacher’s work and the fact that students’ work within the project tends to be monotonous. In conclusion, the prospects of the method for increasing the level of self-organisation in students are related to its advantages and the final results of the work. The risks of its use can be reduced with the help of the measures proposed in the paper.

Sri Lankan Cleft Lip and Palate Study Model Analysis: Clefts of the Secondary Palate

1993 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Mccance ◽  
David Roberts-Harry ◽  
Martyn Sherriff ◽  
Michael Mars ◽  
William J.B. Houston
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Model Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tooth Size ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Secondary Palate ◽  
Comparable Control ◽  
And Control

The study models of a group of adult Sri Lankan patients with clefts of the secondary palate were investigated. Tooth-size and arch-dimension comparisons were made with a comparable control group. Significant differences were found between the cleft and control groups in tooth sizes, chord lengths, and arch widths. The cleft group dimensions were generally smaller than those of the control group. Overjets were larger in the cleft group.

THE EFFECT OF APPLYING ANIMAL CARTOON PICTURES ON STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN WRITING NARRATIVE TEXT

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasanul Arifin Zul And Masitowarni Siregar
Keyword(s):  
T Test ◽  
Narrative Text ◽  
Control Group ◽  
First Year ◽  
Writing Achievement ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Written Test ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

This thesis is focused on the investigation of the effect of applying animal cartoon pictures on students’ achievement in writing narrative text. This study aims to find whether applying animal cartoon pictures significantly affect the students’ writing achievement or not. The data in this study were obtained by administering a written test. The population was the 2015/2016 first year (grade XI) of SMA Swasta Nusantara Lubuk Pakam and 66 students were taken as the sample by using random sampling. The sample was divided into two groups, experimental and control groups. The experimental group was taught by applying animal cartoon pictures while the control group without animal cartoon pictures (x = lecturing). The data were taken the scores from the pre-test and post-test to both experimental and control groups. These data were analyzed by using t-test. The result of computing the t-test obviously showed that t-observed is higher than t-table (5.21 >1,67) with the degree of freedom 64 (df =N-2) at the level significance 0,05 one tail test. It showed that the application of animal cartoon pictures significantly affected the students of SMA Swasta Nusantara Lubuk Pakam achievement in writing narrative text.

THE EFFECT OF APPLYING DEMONSTRATION METHOD ON STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN SPEAKING SKILL AT THE THIRD GRADE OF SMK PAB 3 MEDAN ESTATE

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meryanti Napitupulu And Anni Holila Pulungan
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vocational High School ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Speaking Test ◽  
The Third ◽  
Speaking Skill ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

This study was conducted as an attempt to discover the effect of applying Demonstration Method on students’ achievement in speaking skill. It was an experimental research. The subject was students of Grade XII, Vocational High School (Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan: SMK), which consisted of 79 students. The research was divided into two groups: experimental and control groups. The instrument used to collect the data was speaking test. To obtain the reliability of the test, the writer applied Kuder Richardson 21 formula. The result of the reliability was 0.7, and it was found that the test was reliable. The data were analyzed by using t-test formula. The analysis showed that the scores of the students in the experimental group were significantly higher than the scores of the students in the control group at the level of significant m = 0.05 with the degree of freedom (df) 77, t-observed value 8.9 > t-table value 1.99. The findings indicate that using Demonstration Method significantly affected the students’ achievement in speaking skill. So, English teachers are suggested to use Demonstration Method in order to improve students’ achievement in speaking skill.

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