scholarly journals FORMING ECONOMICALLY USEFUL TRAITS OF MEAT PRODUCTIVITY, INTRAMUSCULAR FATTING OF BULL-CALVES OF DIFFERENT GENOTYPES AND AT DIFFERENT AGE PERIOD

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 106-111
Author(s):  
N. I. Marchenko
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Back Muscle ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Meat Productivity

Introduction. In 1997, Valeriy P. Burkat proposed by one of the methodological and organizational approaches to creating Simmental Beef cattle, to launch a series of experiments to study effectiveness of Simmental crossing with other breeds and to study the best combination for interbreed industrial crossing. The studies of comparative determination of meat quality at crossing of Simmental with specialized beef breeds found that these hybrids were well fattening and they had highly meat productivity. The methods of studying fattening and meat qualities of cattle recommend to conduct slaughtering and processing animals at meat processing plants, because under these conditions the standards for assessing meat productivity of animals and quality of their carcasses can be followed exactly. Compliance with instructions, recommendation for processing animal carcasses under such conditions and obtaining research results will be comparable with the slaughter of animals of different breeds, because all technological methods and sampling are conducted by specialists. General rules for testing laboratories for determination of quality parameters of agricultural raw materials and products under market conditions require the following: availability of specialists, a plan of sampling and the fastest transportation of them to place of laboratory testing, determination of research methods and conducting specific research, identified according to program (task) with followed analysis. Materials and methods. Experimental samples were the longest back muscle sampled from refrigerated right half-carcasses of bull-calves at the age of 12 months and 16 months. The animals were obtained from Black-and-White cows (BW) and bulls of Ukrainian Beef (UB), Volyn Beef (VB), Polesian Beef (PB), Simmental (S) breeds, grown in "Polesia", Ovruch district, Zhytomyr region. The control slaughter of experimental animals, followed deboned half-carcasses, was conducted by experts of Ovruch slaughterhouse, Zhytomyr region. The samples of the longest back muscle were taken at 9-12 ribs of refrigerated half-carcasses of clinically healthy bull-calves. The samples of muscle were labelled and fixed in a 10% solution of neutral formalin, cross sections were obtained using freezing microtome, histological specimens were produced by the method of colouring the muscle fat, performing a series of research works to enhance and improve existing methods for obtaining excellent results. Microscopy, morphometry and microscopic photography of histological sections of the longest back muscle were carried out using biological research microscope (MBI-6), division of muscular fibers by their size was conducted via ocular grid. Analysis of research results was statistically processed on a PC. Results. Based on the results of the experiment the higher live weight before slaughter was at bull-calves obtained from crossing with Simmental and Polesian Beef bulls, 304 kg and 285 kg, respectively in these groups, which was 53 kg and 72 kg more compared with animals of the same age of Black-and-White dairy breed. It is obvious that the formation of meat productivity from early age is associated with belonging to breed, specific soil and climatic and economic conditions at that time. All the cross-breeds of the research groups had better live weight before slaughter and weight of pair and chilled carcasses. But the greatest bone weight had animals of the same age of two research groups – ½PB½BW and ½UB½BW, respectively 16,8 kg and 15,8 kg. It is because of blood of Charolais bulls and consolidated trait of angularity during the selection. The highest live weight before slaughter had half-blooded genotypes with Simmental and Polesian Beef – 354 and 343 kg; it was slightly below compared with the target breed standard. The largest weight of pair carcasses had genotypes ½S½BW and ½PM½BW – 194 ± 6,2 and 193 ± 5,0 kg, the highest meatiness index had Volyn Beef counterparts at the level of 4.3 units. Medium muscle fibers (21-40mkm) had the highest share, from 72.4 to 43.6%, at the investigated bull-calves at the age of 12 months. Morphological structure of muscle of bulls at 16 months of age showed that average diameter of fine fibers at the animals of meat productivity was greater – 18.1mkm in combination with Simmental, 18.3 and 18.5 mkm – with Ukrainian and Polesian Beef against 17,9 mkm – at the counterparts of Black-and-White breed. The share of fine fibers was very high (15.3%) at the bull-calves of genotype with Ukrainian Beef against 7.3% and 7.2% – with Polesian Beef and Simmental. Some fat deposition and the small number of fat cells, located mainly around blood vessels, were observed in the longest back muscle of Black-and-White dairy bull-calves at the age of 12 months. Such changes in the number of fibers and size of their diameters, to some extent, affect the quantitative (meatiness index) and qualitative (the number of intramuscular fat) productivity characteristics of the investigated animals. Conclusions. Trend towards more intense growth and accumulation of muscle and fat was revealed at the researched bull-calves of meat productivity. Formation of economically useful traits on meat productivity of bull-calves depends on age, breed, genotypic and phenotypic factors. The results of histological studies indicate that internal structure of the longest back muscle and the ratio of different types of muscle fibers (thin, medium, thick), show breed and age features of meat productivity formation at bull-calves.

scholarly journals INDICES EFFICIENCY MEAT AND SPECIAL FEATURE INTRAMASCULAR FAT IN BULL-CALVES SIMMENTAL BREED AND GENOTYPE

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
N. I. Marchenko
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Fat Deposits ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Meat Samples ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
Year 2000

The main results of the formation of meat productivity of semi-blooded simmentals of domestic and foreign breeding, grown in the same conditions in Zhytomyr oblast in year 2000 (histochemistry of the longest muscle of the bull-calves) and 18-month old bull-calves grown under the same conditions of feeding and keeping in the Farm LLC "Batkivschyna" and nd. a. Shevchenko Chernihiv oblast of Ukraine in 2008. The results of the control slaughter and the results of the development of frozen-defrosted half-goose bull-calves genotypes of the simmentals of domestic and foreign breeding in the production conditions of Bakhmach meat-processing enterprise LLC "Bakhmachmyaso", Chernihiv oblast in Ukraine were analyzed. According to the control slaughter of experimental bull-calves of different breeding, it was found that the most premature live weight (397 ± 10.1 kg) had semi-blooded bull-calves of American selection against the analogues of the Simmental domestic breed and hemispheric breeds with Austrian breeding simulants -384 ± 2.6 and 386 ± 3.6 kg, which is 3.3% and 3.8% less, respectively. When the carcasses came out, the bull-calves of the domestic Simmental breed were the best. Thus, according to this indicator, their advantage was from + 0.8% (Austrian genotypes) to +3.0% (American domains). According to the results of the organoleptic assessment, the indicators for assessing the quality of boiled and roasted meat samples taken from the semicircular semicircular breed combination with American simmentals, respectively, were 9.7 and 8.6 points and semicircular genotypes with German selections respectively – 9.5 and 10.4 balls of boiled and roasted meat of experimental samples. According to the score, the best flavors of meat broth were determined in samples of meat, selected from half hemisphere of semi-blooded bull-calves of the men-anjou breed: 15.6 balls. At the same time, some regularity of the higher evaluation indicators of the quality of meat broth is determined, which is explained by the transition of nutrients, intramuscular fat, biologically active substances, from muscle fibers to water, which in the process of cooking creates taste, aroma and richness of broth. The microphotography of histochemical studies of fat formation in the longest muscle of the back of the 18-month-old bull-calves, semi-blood genotypes with the breed of semental of domestic breeding is presented. The results of histological and histochemical studies of intramuscular fat deposits on the histological sections of the longest muscle of the back of the bull-calves of different genotypes and age, are presented in microphotographs (intramuscular fat is colored in light orange color). In the longest muscle of the bull-calves of the Black-and-White diary breed of the 12-month-old age, there is an insignificant deposition of interstitial fat and fat cells, which are located mainly in the blood vessels.

Influence of different factors on the growth rate of young animals and the quality of beef

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-39
Author(s):  
V. N. Pristupa ◽  
D. S. Torosyan
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Dry Steppe ◽  
Intensive Rearing ◽  
Meat Productivity

The purpose of the work was to study and identify the main factors aff ecting the quantity and quality of beef produced and sold in the Southern Federal district. A comparative assessment of the growth, development, formation of meat productivity and quality of beef of young animals of beef, dual and dairy breeds with stall-pasture technology and intensive rearing in the industrial complex. Experimental studies have been carried out in farms in the Rostov region. The object of research was cows with calves of Kalmyk, Hereford, Aberdeen-Angus, Russian komolaya, Kazakh White-headed breeds, as well as young animals of the same breeds, in addition, Black-and-White and Swiss breeds. Removable live weight in Hereford steers at 18 months of age was 658,0 kg, and Aberdeen-Angus – 655,2 kg. Domestic steers of Kalmyk were 41–44 kg lower in live weight than their herdmates of two imported breeds. However, with intensive rearing at 18 months of age, steers of Kalmyk breed had a removable live weight of more than 613,7 kg and a carcass weight of 326 kg. The yield of hot carcass was 55,4 %, and the slaughter yield was 58,89 %, which was only 1–2 % lower than the world’s leading beef breeds. It has been found when analyzing the results of boning the half-carcasses of experimental steers that the biggest weight of half-carcasses and the content of muscle and fat tissue in them in absolute terms were in Hereford steers. Steers of Kalmyk breed took the third place in terms of weight of large-sized semi–fi nished products and signifi cantly lost to Aberdeen-Angus herdmates by 7,3 kg or 6,5 %, and Hereford steers by 9,2 kg or 8,3 %. The results obtained prove the expediency of using stallpasture technology in the dry-steppe zone of the Southern Federal district when rearing young animals for beef up to 350–400 kg live weight at 15 months of age and its subsequent intensive rearing under industrial technology, in order to obtain the live weight of more than 570 kg and produce cost-eff ective beef.

ПРОДУКТИВНЫЕ КАЧЕСТВА БЫЧКОВ, ПОТРЕБЛЯЮЩИХ КОНСЕРВИРОВАННЫЙ СЕНАЖ

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
KH.KH. TAGIROV ◽  
I.V. MIRONOVA ◽  
E.V. POZDNYAKOVA ◽  
L.A. ZUBAIROVA ◽  
N.V. GIZATOVA
Keyword(s):  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Propionic Acid Bacteria ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Working Solution ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Growth Energy ◽  
Meat Productivity

В статье приводятся показатели, характеризующие рост и уровень мясной продуктивности бычков черно-пестрой породы при скармливании им люцернового сенажа, заготовленного с разной дозировкой биозакваски на основе пропионовокислых бактерий. Препарат вводили в процессе закладки сенажа в виде рабочего раствора в количестве 2, 4 и 6 л на 1 т консервируемой массы. Опыт проводился в условиях Республики Башкортостан. Для этого 40 10-месячных бычков разделили на 4 группы. Молодняк контрольной группы получал неконсервированный сенаж, а опытных групп — сенаж, с закваской на основе пропионовокислых бактерий в указанных выше дозах. Установлено, что молодняк опытных групп лучше рос и развивался. В 12 мес его живая масса была выше, чем в контрольной группе на 2,50—6,10 кг (0,73—1,77%); в 15 мес — на 9,34—15,14 кг (2,20—3,57%; Р<0,05); в 18 мес — на 15,51—23,31 кг (2,10—4,66%; Р<0,05—0,01). Более высокая энергия роста молодняка опытных групп при откорме на рационах, включающих консервированный сенаж, способствовала и более высоким убойным показателям. Наилучший эффект проявился у бычков, потребляющих сенаж с закваской на основе пропионовокислых бактерий в дозе 4 л рабочего раствора на 1 т зеленой массы. Данная дозировка обеспечивает увеличение массы парной туши на 12,9 кг (4,79%),The article presents the indicators characterizing the growth and level of meat productivity of bull-calves of the black-and-white breed, when they are fed alfalfa haylage, harvested with different dosages of biosakvaski based on propionic acid bacteria. The drug was administered in the process of laying haylage in the form of a working solution in the amount of 2, 4 and 6 liters per 1 ton of preserved mass. The experiment was conducted in the conditions of the Republic of Bashkortostan (Alga, collective farm, Chekmagushevsky district). For this 10-month gobies were divided into 4 groups. The young of the control group did not receive canned haylage, but the test groups received haylage, with sour based on propionic acid bacteria in the above doses. It was found that the young of the experimental groups grew and developed better. So at 12 months of age, their live weight was higher than in the control by 2.50—6.10 kg (0.73—1,77%); in 15 months — by 9,34—15,14 kg (2,20—3,57%; P<0,05); in 18 months — by 15,51—23,31 kg (2,10—4,66%; P<0,05—0,01). The higher growth energy of the young of the experimental groups during fattening on rations, including canned haylage, contributed to a higher slaughter rate. The best effect was manifested in calves consuming haylage with ferment based on propionic acid bacteria in a dose of 4 liters of working solution per 1 ton of green mass.This dosage provides an increase in the mass of steam carcass by 12,9 kg (4,79%), carcass output by 1,0%; slaughter weight — by 14,0 kg (4,95%; P<0,05); slaughter yield — by 1,2%.

THE QUALITY OF THE MEAT OF THE ABERDEEN ANGUS BULL CALVES DEPENDING ON THE BODY TYPE

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
Д.Р. СМАКУЕВ ◽  
А.Ф. ШЕВХУЖЕВ ◽  
В.А. ПОГОДАЕВ
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Type ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Group I ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Meat Samples ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
Group Chemical

Проведен анализ качественных характеристик мясной продуктивности бычков абердин ангусской породы в зависимости от типов телосложения. Научно-хозяйственный опыт проводился в одном из хозяйств Карачаево-Черкесской Республики в 2020—2021 годах. Из потомства быков крупного (I группа) и мелкого типа (II группа) абердин ангусской породы было сформировано 2 группы по 14 голов. По окончании контрольного выращивания провели контрольный убой бычков в 18-месячном возрасте. Установлено, что бычки I группы достоверно (Р<0,01) превосходили по живой массе аналогов II группы. Молодняк I группы имел более высокую (на 31,4 кг) предубойную массу и более тяжелые туши по сравнению с бычками II группы на 28,3 кг (Р<0,01). По убойной массе бычки I группы превосходили сверстников II на 26,5 кг (Р<0,01), а по убойному выходу — соответственно на 1,98 абс.%. При обвалке молодняка I группы было получено мякоти больше на 9,9 кг (Р<0,01) по сравнению с данными по обвалке туш бычков II группы. Химический анализ различных проб мяса показал, что туши бычков I группы содержали несколько меньше жира по сравнению с тушами молодняка II группы, как общего количества в средних пробах, так и внутримышечного в пробах из мускулов. Различия между группами по другим показателям были незначительными. Наибольшее количество жира было в отрубах, дающих лучшие сорта мяса, — бедренном и спинно-грудном, несколько меньше содержалось в лопаточной части, дающей мясо второго сорта. По влагосвязывающей способности, цвету и нежности мяса различий между группами не обнаружено. The analysis of the qualitative characteristics of the meat productivity of the Aberdeen Angus bull calves, depending on the body types, is carried out. Scientific and economic experience was conducted in one of the farms of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic in 2020-2021. From the offspring of large (group I) and small type bulls (group II) of the Aberdeen Angus breed, 2 groups of 14 heads were formed. At the end of the control cultivation, a control slaughter of steers was carried out at the age of 18 months. It was found that the bulls of group I were significantly (P<0.01) superior in live weight to the analogues of group II. The young animals of group I had a higher pre-slaughter weight (by 31.4 kg) and heavier carcasses compared to the steers of group II by 28.3 kg (P<0.01). According to the slaughter weight, the bulls of the first group exceeded the peers of the second by 26.5 kg (P<0.01), and according to the slaughter yield — by 1.98 abs.%, respectively. When deboning young animals of the first group, more pulp was obtained by 9.9 kg (P<0.01) compared with the data on deboning the carcasses of bulls of the second group. Chemical analysis of various meat samples showed that the carcasses of group I steers contained slightly less fat compared to the carcasses of young animals of group II, both total in average samples and intramuscular in muscle samples. The differences between the groups on other indicators were insignificant. The greatest amount of fat was in the cuts that give the best varieties of meat — femoral and dorso-thoracic, slightly less was contained in the scapular part, which gives the second grade meat. No differences were found between the groups in terms of the moisture binding ability, color and tenderness of the meat.

scholarly journals Comparative characteristics of meat productivity of holstein and black-and-white breeds

2021 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 02018
Author(s):  
Ivan Tuzov ◽  
Nikolay Zabashta ◽  
Elena Kuleshova ◽  
Valentin Golovan ◽  
Irina Sinelshchikova
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Intensive Rearing ◽  
Holstein Bulls ◽  
Dairy Bulls ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
Positive Results

It was assumed that the industry of beef cattle breeding being created in the Krasnodar Territory would meet the needs of the population in beef. Due to the fact that there are not enough beef cattle, dairy bulls are raised and fattened. Positive results are obtained in the case when, along with an increase in the number of the fattened livestock of animals, their intensive rearing and feeding is introduced. In our studies, with intensive rearing and fattening of the Holstein and Black-and-White bull calves, for the entire 14-month period of growing and fattening, average daily gains were obtained at the level of 1200 g, and the gross weight gain was more than 500 kg. According to the results of the slaughter of experimental bulls at the age of 14 months, we found that the Holstein bulls reliably exceeded the black-and-white bulls of the same age in all the studied parameters.

Beef productivity of steers when feeding protein-vitamin-mineral additive and protein-vitamin-mineral concentrate

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-52
Author(s):  
G. E. Uskov ◽  
N. M. Kostomakhin ◽  
N. I. Kulmakova
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Production Experiment ◽  
Mineral Additive ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Total Gain ◽  
Preweaning Period

The purpose of the work was to study the influence of protein-vitamin-mineral additive and protein-vitamin-mineral concentrate on the growth, development and meat productivity of steers. Studies have been carried out on the rearing of steers when using the protein-vitamin-mineral additive based on extruded soybean with bentonite in the preweaning period and the protein-vitamin-mineral concentrate (with urea concentrate) when fattening steers. During the first research and production experiment in the calves of the 1st experimental group 30 % and in the bovine calves of the 2nd experimental group 40 % milk replacer have been replaced with a protein-mineral-vitamin additive. At the beginning of the experiment the calves of all groups had almost the same live weight. Starting from the age of 1,5 months the growth of the animals of the experimental groups began to prevail over the control group. Thus, the bull calves of the 1st experimental group at 2 months of age were larger than the control ones by 5,1 %, by the end of the experiment their superiority was 7,6 % (P < 0,01). The total gain in live weight of the bull calves of the 2nd experimental group was 9,4 % higher (P < 0,001) than in the control group. During the second research and production experiment on the use of protein-vitamin-mineral concentrate the difference in feeding was that the steers of the experimental group consumed complete feed, which included protein-vitamin-mineral concentrate (with urea concentrate) and bentonite. The gain in live weight of calves for 5 months of experiment in the control group was 136,7 kg, and in the experimental group it was 11,4 % more. The expenditures of feed per 1 kg of gain in EFU were by 10,1 % lower in the experimental group compared to the control group. The level of profitability of beef production in the control group was 16,1 %, and in the experimental group it was 26,5 %, which was more by 10,4 abs.%.

FEATURES OF BIOCONVERSION AND THE EFFICIENCY OF FATTENING YOUNG CATTLE OF THE KALMYK BREED IN THE REPUBLIC OF SAKHA YAKUTIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1025-1035
Author(s):  
I.I. Sleptsov ◽  
◽  
A.A. Martynov ◽  
Y.S. Vasilyev ◽  
S.K. Okhlopkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Products ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Food Protein ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Production Complex ◽  
Young Cattle ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
Experimental Group

This paper presents the results of studying the conversion of feed into nutrients in the carcass of bulls during the fattening of young Kalmyk breed in the conditions of Yakutia. The studies were carried out on the basis of the Soloosun agricultural production complex, Megino-Kangalassky region. The experiment was organized on Kalmyk bull-calves fed from 15 to 18 months of age. There were formed 2 groups of 25 bulls analogs: the control and the experimental one. The animals of the control group were fed according to the ration adopted on the farm. The diet of the animals from the experimental group included 200 g of Hongurin zeolite and 45 g of Kempendyai salt per animal. The main ration of animals by structure consisted of meadow hay 46%, haylage – 22% and compound feed 32% or 12.57 EFU per day. At the beginning of the experiment, the live weight of the animals was almost identical. At the end of fattening, the bulls of the experimental group in live weight exceeded the animals of the control group by 10.9 kg. Consequently, the experienced bulls had higher bioconversion rates, which was reflected in an increase in the meat productivity of animals. The analysis showed that the control group of bulls was inferior to the experimental group in terms of pulp by 11 kg., In the deposition of food protein by 1.3 kg. The calculation of the data on the conversion of protein into food protein showed that in the control group this indicator is 5%, and in the experimental group it was 6.2%. The yield of dietary protein in the control group was 40.4 g, in the experimental group – 52.8 g. Thus, the calculation of bioconversion showed that the animals of the experimental groups, which additionally consumed Hongurin zeolite and Kempendyai salt, had a higher ability to transfer nutrients and feed energy into meat products. The indicators of economic efficiency per 100 heads of fattening bulls of the Kalmyk breed are: profitability – 122.53%, cost price 1132 thousand rubles, profit – 1,388 thousand rubles, profit – 1.23 rubles per 1 ruble costs. The efficiency of beef production at a specialized feedlot increases by 22.53%.

ESTIMATION OF BULL-CALVES MEAT PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY IN IRKUTSK REGION

1970 ◽  
pp. 60-62
Author(s):  
Т. L. Khundanova ◽  
А. B. Budaeva ◽  
Yu. А. Kozub ◽  
А. А. Martemianova ◽  
М. L. Garmaev
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Bull Calf ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
High Level

In the Irkutsk region, beef is obtained from all breeds of cattle. The main share is accounted for by cattle of black-and-white breed, the share of specialized meat breeds is only about 20% of the total volume of beef. Excellent taste characteristics due to the chemical composition of meat. The results of meat quality from the Kazakh white-headed and Hereford breeds testify to their high nutritional value, so the BKP level was 6.34 and 6.48, respectively. The comparing estimation of meat productivity and quality characteristics of meat was carried out. For these purpose the control slaughter was 18 months age. The data analysis revealed a high level of slaughter characteristics of meat bull-calves. The average pre-slaughter weight of one bull-calf of Kazakhskaya belogolovaya breed was 453,77 kg, Hereford breed – 470,21 kg. Differences was 3.62 %, with carcass yield– 53%, and slaughter – 56 %. Correlation of water and dry matter lies within 70/30. Bull-calves meat of Hereford breed contains more protein by 1/27%, fat-1.48, ash – 0.11%. Meat of Kazakhskaya belogolovaya bull-calves breed is somewhat inferior in quality characteristics.

scholarly journals MEAT PRODUCTIVITY OF KALMYK BREED BREEDS AT DIFFERENT DURATION OF THE PRODUCTION CYCLE AND LEVEL OF CONCENTRATES IN THE DIET

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 90-94
Author(s):  
R.A. Ulimbasheva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Total Duration ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Meat Content ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
Experimental Group

The article presents the results of bulls control slaughter, morphological and varietal composition of the pulp of carcasses, depending on the duration of the production cycle and the level of concentrates in the diet. In the gobies of the control group, the total duration of the production cycle was 18 months (546 days), with a specific gravity of concentrates in the rations of 40 % in the experimental group – 16 months (482 days) – 50 %. The suckling period of calves in the control group was 210 days, in the experimental group – 182 days, rearing – 186 and 165 days, respectively, intensive final fattening – 150 and 135 days. The differences obtained both in the pre-slaughter live weight and in the weight of the paired carcass were 1,9 and 3,4 kg, respectively, without a significant difference between the groups. The superiority of bulls of the experimental group over the control group was established according to the leading studied indicators of the morphological composition of carcasses, except the mass of bones, cartilage, and tendons. Differences in the mass of the pulp in favor of the calves of the experimental group were 5,1 kg, the coefficient of meat content was 0,21 units, the ratio of the edible part to the inedible part in the carcass was 0,26 units. All other things being equal, from the bulls of the experimental group, a higher mass of pulp of the highest grade was obtained by 4,9 kg or 2,2 %, of the first grade – by 6,4 kg or 1,8 %. The yield of secondgrade pulp was higher in the carcasses of gobies of the control group by an average of 6,2 kg or 4 %. Thus, both groups of bulls showed high slaughter weight and slaughter yield, with insignificant intergroup differences. However, due to the shorter duration of the production cycle of growing and fattening, it turned out to be preferable to use beef production technology from bull calves of the experimental group.

scholarly journals Evaluation of meat productivity of Holstein bull calves in conditions of the Lower Volga Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 24-34
Author(s):  
I.F. Gorlov ◽  
◽  
E.V. Karpenko ◽  
A.A. Kaidulina ◽  
V.S. Grishin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Pulp Yield ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
Economic Experience ◽  
Holstein Bulls ◽  
Meat Productivity

Aim. To study the influence of linear affiliation on the meat productivity of Holstein gobies. Materials and Methods. The experimental part of the work was carried out in 2019-2020 on the territory of a dairy unit for milk production, “Donskoe” farm enterprise, LLC, Kalachevsky district, the Volgograd region. For the experiment, 3 groups of 10 heads were formed according to the principle of analogues of purebred Holstein bulls from three lines: Reflection Sovering, Vis Back Ideal, and Montvik Chieftain. During the scientific and economic experiment, the technology of keeping animals used in beef cattle breeding was used. Classical and modern zootechnical methods are used in the process of research. The obtained research materials were processed by the method of variation statistics, taking into account the reliability criterion according to the Student, using the Microsoft Excel software package. Results. Studies have established that in order to achieve the desired parameters of the live weight gain of bull calves, it is necessary to drink them with whole milk. During 2.5 months, the experimental animals consumed 198 liters of whole milk per head. To obtain high average daily gains in fat mass from the 6th day of life, starter feed and finely crushed grain were introduced into the diet of steers. The norms of nutrients were determined depending on the planned growth and live weight. The results of changes in absolute indicators of live weight of calves with age showed that calves belonging to the line of Reflection Sovering 198998, with intensive cultivation, grow much faster than their peers from other lines. The results of the control slaughter show that at the age of 13 months, it is possible to obtain sufficiently full-bodied carcasses from animals. The largest carcass weight was observed in the Reflection Sovering 198998 bull calves (240.5 kg), which is 7.7 and 19.1 kg or 3.2 and 8.2% more than in the peers from other groups. When deboning carcasses, it was found that the bulls of the Reflection Sovering 198998 line also exceeded the pulp mass by 4.0 and 14.9 kg or 2.04 and 7.59% (P ≥ 0.99), and the pulp yield by 0.7 and 0.8%. Thus, it is established that the belonging of bull calves to different lines is related to the change in the composition of the carcass, the ratio between muscle, bone and adipose tissue. Conclusion. Scientific and economic experience shows that high indicators of meat productivity can be obtained from German-bred Holstein steers of various linear varieties, which can serve as a necessary reserve for increasing the level of beef production.

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