THE QUALITY OF THE MEAT OF THE ABERDEEN ANGUS BULL CALVES DEPENDING ON THE BODY TYPE

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
Д.Р. СМАКУЕВ ◽  
А.Ф. ШЕВХУЖЕВ ◽  
В.А. ПОГОДАЕВ
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Type ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Group I ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Meat Samples ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
Group Chemical

Проведен анализ качественных характеристик мясной продуктивности бычков абердин ангусской породы в зависимости от типов телосложения. Научно-хозяйственный опыт проводился в одном из хозяйств Карачаево-Черкесской Республики в 2020—2021 годах. Из потомства быков крупного (I группа) и мелкого типа (II группа) абердин ангусской породы было сформировано 2 группы по 14 голов. По окончании контрольного выращивания провели контрольный убой бычков в 18-месячном возрасте. Установлено, что бычки I группы достоверно (Р<0,01) превосходили по живой массе аналогов II группы. Молодняк I группы имел более высокую (на 31,4 кг) предубойную массу и более тяжелые туши по сравнению с бычками II группы на 28,3 кг (Р<0,01). По убойной массе бычки I группы превосходили сверстников II на 26,5 кг (Р<0,01), а по убойному выходу — соответственно на 1,98 абс.%. При обвалке молодняка I группы было получено мякоти больше на 9,9 кг (Р<0,01) по сравнению с данными по обвалке туш бычков II группы. Химический анализ различных проб мяса показал, что туши бычков I группы содержали несколько меньше жира по сравнению с тушами молодняка II группы, как общего количества в средних пробах, так и внутримышечного в пробах из мускулов. Различия между группами по другим показателям были незначительными. Наибольшее количество жира было в отрубах, дающих лучшие сорта мяса, — бедренном и спинно-грудном, несколько меньше содержалось в лопаточной части, дающей мясо второго сорта. По влагосвязывающей способности, цвету и нежности мяса различий между группами не обнаружено. The analysis of the qualitative characteristics of the meat productivity of the Aberdeen Angus bull calves, depending on the body types, is carried out. Scientific and economic experience was conducted in one of the farms of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic in 2020-2021. From the offspring of large (group I) and small type bulls (group II) of the Aberdeen Angus breed, 2 groups of 14 heads were formed. At the end of the control cultivation, a control slaughter of steers was carried out at the age of 18 months. It was found that the bulls of group I were significantly (P<0.01) superior in live weight to the analogues of group II. The young animals of group I had a higher pre-slaughter weight (by 31.4 kg) and heavier carcasses compared to the steers of group II by 28.3 kg (P<0.01). According to the slaughter weight, the bulls of the first group exceeded the peers of the second by 26.5 kg (P<0.01), and according to the slaughter yield — by 1.98 abs.%, respectively. When deboning young animals of the first group, more pulp was obtained by 9.9 kg (P<0.01) compared with the data on deboning the carcasses of bulls of the second group. Chemical analysis of various meat samples showed that the carcasses of group I steers contained slightly less fat compared to the carcasses of young animals of group II, both total in average samples and intramuscular in muscle samples. The differences between the groups on other indicators were insignificant. The greatest amount of fat was in the cuts that give the best varieties of meat — femoral and dorso-thoracic, slightly less was contained in the scapular part, which gives the second grade meat. No differences were found between the groups in terms of the moisture binding ability, color and tenderness of the meat.

scholarly journals Meat productivity of Aberdeen Angus bull calves depending on the body composition

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
Anatoly Foadovich Shevkhuzhev ◽  
Vladimir Anikeevich Pogodaev
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Group 14 ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Large Type ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Constitution Type ◽  
Meat Productivity

The article presents the results of studies in meat productivity of the Aberdeen Angus bull calves, depending on the constitution type. In each group, 14 bull calves were selected from the offspring of 4 large and 3 small bulls of the Aberdeen Angus breed. The first group consisted of bull calves from large and tall type of servicing bulls. The second group consisted of bull calves from small type of servicing bulls. They were put under control growing right after weaning. It was found that the bull calves from the large type of servicing bulls were superior to the bull calves from the small type of servicing bulls in terms of meat productivity, which was primarily shown in a higher growth rate. At the age of 18 months, bull calves from large-type parents reached 442 kg of their mass. Bull calves from small-type parents reached 413 kg. The bull calves from the first group had a greater pre-slaughter weight by 31.4 kg and heavier carcasses compared to the bull calves from the second group by 28.3 kg or 13.5 % (P>0.99). In terms of slaughter weight, they were superior to their herdmates from the second group by 26.5 kg. The carcasses of tall bull calves from the first group had larger content of bones (by 4.08 kg) compared to the second group. In their carcasses, 4.52 kg of meat account for 1 kg of bones, while in the carcasses of the second group – 5.03 kg. However, in general, when deboning the half carcasses of the first group, 9.9 kg. or 11.72% more meat was obtained (Р>0.99) compared to the second group.

scholarly journals BULLS CONSUMPTION AND USE OF DIET SUBSTANCES BY PROBIOTICS VETOSPORIN SUSPENSION

2018 ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Фаргат Вагапов ◽  
Fargat Vagapov ◽  
Наталья Гизатова ◽  
Natalya Gizatova
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Supplement ◽  
Group I ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Young Growth ◽  
Different Doses

The purpose of research is increase the efficiency of the use of nutrients for rations by Simmental breed bulls with various doses of Vetosporin Suspension. Bulls were fed by probiotic in the amount of 0.1; 1 and 2 ml per 10 kg of live weight. It has been established that the use of rations including the feed supplement studied, in the feeding of experimental groups, promoted an increase in feed intake. Thus, the young growth of the three experimental groups exceeded the analogues of the control group for the consumption of hay grass by 37-118 kg (1.47-4.68%), green weight – by 31-71 kg (1.74-3.98%). Concentrates, molas-ses, fodder, and salt were given to the animals in the same amount. It can be stated that feeding to the Simmental bulls of different doses of the Vetosporin drug suspension had a positive effect on the digestibil-ity of the nutrients of the diet and their assimilation by the body. It is evident that in animals of experimental groups there is a certain superiority in certain indices over analogues of the control group. In this case, the animals of group I were inferior to the experimental groups by a digestibility factor of 1.03-2.24%, raw fat by 0.43-0.77%. For the rest of the indicators, there was a similar trend. When fattening Simmental bull calves, full-fledged and, importantly, balanced feeding was organized. Taking this into account, the use of probiotic fodder supplement, Vetosporin Suspension, contributed to greater consumption of all types of feed, nutrients and energy by animal test groups. In this case, the greatest effect was observed with the use of an approved additive in a dose of 1.0 ml per 10 kg of alive weight.

СРАВНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА МЯСНОЙ ПРОДУКТИВНОСТИ БЫЧКОВ РАЗНЫХ ПОРОД

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.F. GORLOV ◽  
A.V. RANDELIN ◽  
M.I. SLOSHENKINA ◽  
A.A. MOSOLOV ◽  
D.A. RANDELIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Pulp Yield ◽  
Young Stock ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Meat Productivity

Приведены результаты изучения роста, мясной продуктивности и качества говядины, полученной от молодняка русской комолой (I группа), казахской белоголовой (II группа) и калмыцкой (III группа) пород. Установлено, что при постановке на опытв 8-месячном возрасте животные II подопытной группы превосходили по живой массе сверстников I и III групп, соответственно, на 4,1 кг и 23,9 кг, в 17 мес — на 16,2 кг и 49,8 кг.Бычки I группы превосходили по живой массе сверстников III группы в возрасте 8 мес на 19,8 кг, в 17 мес— на 33,6 кг. По результатам контрольного убоя бычки казахской белоголовой породы превосходили сверстников I и III групп по массе туш на 6,88 кг, или 2,7% (Р<0,05) и 35,81 кг, или 14,0% (Р<0,001). Убойный выход был более высоким у животных русской комолой породы (I группа). Их превосходство по этому показателю над сверстниками II и III групп составило1,07 и 2,29%. На основании результатов обвалки установлено, что выход мякоти в тушах бычков I группы был выше, чем у сверстников II и III групп — на 0,77 и 2,00%. Индекс мясности у бычков I группы в сравнении со сверстниками был выше на 0,24 и 0,70. Выход мякоти в тушах на 100 кг живой массы у бычков I группы был также превышал данный показатель у сверстников на 1,09 кг, или 2,44% и на 2,52 кг, или 5,83%. Наиболее ценных отрубов было получено больше от бычков I группы (русская комолая) по сравнению со сверстниками II и III групп. Установлена положительная корреляционная связь между живой массой бычков в начале и конце откорма с общим белком в сыворотке крови — в I группе 0,54—0,64, во II — 0,50—0,67, в III группе — 0,67—0,69; убойной массой и общим белком в сыворотке крови — в I группе она составила 0,47—0,50, во II — 0,49—0,51, в III группе — 0,51—0,53.The results of the study of growth, meat productivity and quality of beef obtained from young stock by Russian comola (I group), Kazakh white-headed (II group) and Kalmyk (III group) breeds are presented. It was established that when setting up the experiment at 8 months of age animals II experimental groups surpassed live weight of their peers I and III groups, respectively, by 4.1 kg and 23.9 kg, at 17 months - by 16.2 kg and 49.8 kg. Gobies of group I exceeded in live weight of their peers of group III at the age of 8 months by 19.8 kg, at 17 months - by 33.6 kg. According to the results of the control slaughter, Kazakh white-headed breed bullies exceeded their peers of groups I and III by carcass weight by 6.88 kg, or 2.7% (P <0.05) and 35.81 kg, or 14.0% (P <0.001). Slaughter yield was higher in animals of the Russian comola breed (I group). Their superiority over this indicator over their peers of groups II and III was 1.07 and 2.29%. Based on the results of deboning, it was found that the pulp yield in bull carcasses of group I was higher than that of peers of groups II and III — by 0.77 and 2.00%. The index of meatiness in bulls of group I in comparison with peers was higher by 0.24 and 0.70. The yield of pulp in carcasses per 100 kg of live weight in the first group of bulls I was also higher than that of their peers by 1.09 kg, or 2.44% and 2.52 kg, or 5.83%. The yield of the most valuable cuts was higher in bulls of Group I (Russian comola) compared with peers of Groups II and III. In the process of research, a positive correlation was established between the body weight of animals at the beginning and end of fattening with the total protein in the blood serum in group I; it was 0.54—0.64; in II — 0.50—0.67; in group III — 0.67—0.69, between the slaughter mass with total serum protein in group I it was 0.47—0.50; in II — 0.49—0.51; in group III — 0.51—0.53.

The body composition of 3-month-old Rambouillet lambs of different live weights

1968 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Epstein ◽  
A. Herz
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Testis Weight ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Weight Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Dressing Percentage ◽  
Group Ii

SummeryCarcass measurements were made on 24 Rambouillet lambs of different live weights but of the same age, and the lambs divided into 3 groups of 8 according to live weight. Group I, with the lowest mean live weight, had the lowest dressing percentage, relatively heaviest head and feet and lightest pelt, while group III, with the highest mean live weight, had the highest dressing percentage, the relatively lightest head and feet and the heaviest pelt of the three groups.Group I contained the lowest percentage, and group II, of medium live weight, the highest percentage of muscle, while the relative weights of bone and fat tissue were similar. Group III contained the highest percentage of fat tissue and the lowest percentage of bone. The differences in the relative weights of the edible internal organs between the three groups were not significant.Testis weight was relatively much greater in Group III than in the lighter animals. While dressing-out percentage increased with body weight, the increase was not equally distributed between fore and hindquarters. Hindquarters were relatively larger in group II than in group I; but the forequarters accounted for the greater part of the differences between groups II and III.

scholarly journals INDICES EFFICIENCY MEAT AND SPECIAL FEATURE INTRAMASCULAR FAT IN BULL-CALVES SIMMENTAL BREED AND GENOTYPE

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
N. I. Marchenko
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Fat Deposits ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Meat Samples ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
Year 2000

The main results of the formation of meat productivity of semi-blooded simmentals of domestic and foreign breeding, grown in the same conditions in Zhytomyr oblast in year 2000 (histochemistry of the longest muscle of the bull-calves) and 18-month old bull-calves grown under the same conditions of feeding and keeping in the Farm LLC "Batkivschyna" and nd. a. Shevchenko Chernihiv oblast of Ukraine in 2008. The results of the control slaughter and the results of the development of frozen-defrosted half-goose bull-calves genotypes of the simmentals of domestic and foreign breeding in the production conditions of Bakhmach meat-processing enterprise LLC "Bakhmachmyaso", Chernihiv oblast in Ukraine were analyzed. According to the control slaughter of experimental bull-calves of different breeding, it was found that the most premature live weight (397 ± 10.1 kg) had semi-blooded bull-calves of American selection against the analogues of the Simmental domestic breed and hemispheric breeds with Austrian breeding simulants -384 ± 2.6 and 386 ± 3.6 kg, which is 3.3% and 3.8% less, respectively. When the carcasses came out, the bull-calves of the domestic Simmental breed were the best. Thus, according to this indicator, their advantage was from + 0.8% (Austrian genotypes) to +3.0% (American domains). According to the results of the organoleptic assessment, the indicators for assessing the quality of boiled and roasted meat samples taken from the semicircular semicircular breed combination with American simmentals, respectively, were 9.7 and 8.6 points and semicircular genotypes with German selections respectively – 9.5 and 10.4 balls of boiled and roasted meat of experimental samples. According to the score, the best flavors of meat broth were determined in samples of meat, selected from half hemisphere of semi-blooded bull-calves of the men-anjou breed: 15.6 balls. At the same time, some regularity of the higher evaluation indicators of the quality of meat broth is determined, which is explained by the transition of nutrients, intramuscular fat, biologically active substances, from muscle fibers to water, which in the process of cooking creates taste, aroma and richness of broth. The microphotography of histochemical studies of fat formation in the longest muscle of the back of the 18-month-old bull-calves, semi-blood genotypes with the breed of semental of domestic breeding is presented. The results of histological and histochemical studies of intramuscular fat deposits on the histological sections of the longest muscle of the back of the bull-calves of different genotypes and age, are presented in microphotographs (intramuscular fat is colored in light orange color). In the longest muscle of the bull-calves of the Black-and-White diary breed of the 12-month-old age, there is an insignificant deposition of interstitial fat and fat cells, which are located mainly in the blood vessels.

scholarly journals BREEDING HERITAGE OF DAIRY-MEAT CATTLE OF UKRAINE – BROWN CARPATIAN CATTLE

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 137-159
Author(s):  
A. Ye. Pochukalin ◽  
S. V. Pryima ◽  
O. V. Rizun
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Type ◽  
Individual Gene ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Brown Cattle ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
Light Color ◽  
Breeding Status

The prolonged breeding process of transformation of primitive but adapted forms of brown color to the conditions of Transcarpathia region, by crossing to 1972 (breeding approbation) and improvement to 2014 (deprivation of the last breeding status of breeding status of Brown Carpathian cattle), in Ukraine, unfortunately lost its resources (breeding) for the existence of the Brown Carpathian cattle. The purpose of the study was to analyze the Brown Carpathian cattle by major economic useful features, livestock dynamics and genealogical structure. Materials and methods of research. The main research methods were retrospective and source-based analyzes, based on breeding books, registers and reports of breeding farms engaged in breeding Brown Carpathian cattle. The Brown Carpathian breed derives from ancient brown cattle, which settled all the medium Europe in ancient times. In Alpes region already in medieval times it gave rise to different types of high-productive Brown Alpine cattle, which was called on the place of its distribution. In Austria – Hornoin, France – Montafon, Switzerland – Swiss. Brown cattle of Transcarpathian region was called Rizhka. These cattle were small and low-productive, but it was unimproved almost till the beginning of 20-th century. Though at plains it was crossed with Grey Ukrainian cattle and get name “Mokan” (my horse in local language), as crosses were strong and enduring, characteristics, which inherent to Grey Ukrainian cattle. Their live weight was 200–300 kg, and wither height – not more, than 113 cm, milk production – not more, than 1200 kg. Transcarpathia is the beginning of transformation of brown cattle into the Brown Carpathian breed of the combined direction of productivity, because it was from this period that the import of improved livestock began. In 1972, by order of the Ministry of Agriculture, the Brown Carpathian cattle of cattle was approved and recognized as a domestic factory breed of dairy and meat direction of productivity. It should also be noted that the feature of the breeding process, according to which the newly formed breed absorbs local breeds, but in the future itself is absorbed by the neoplasm, or more productive population. Thus, the Brown Carpathian breed at the beginning of its formation by the method of absorption crossing reduced the number of local Gray Hungarian and Pinzgau breeds. In addition to the Transcarpathian, Ivano-Frankivsk, Chernivtsi and Lviv regions of Ukraine, which were the basis for breeding of the Brown Carpathian breed, there were also exports of breeding stock beyond their borders. Thus, during 1964 ... 1974, 24.3 thousand heads were exported to other countries: Central Asia and the Caucasus, as well as Slovakia, Romania and Hungary. In addition, the Brown Carpathian breed participated in the creation of the Brown Caucasian breed as an improvement. According to O. M. Zabrovarny's description with co-authors, the compact body type of the Brown Carpathian cattle is adapted to the mountain and lowland zones of distribution of this breed. The authors note differences in the sexes of the body with some of their disadvantages. The horns have a light color with dark tips. Color of typical animals of the Brown Carpathian breed from light to dark brown. On the spine, around the nasal mirror a light color, also a light lower body, but without white spots. Dark are the nasal mirror, hoof horn, tail brush. Newborn calves have a greyish-gray to almost white, which darkens from 2 to 3 months of age. According to the meat productivity, animals of the Brown Carpathian breed have satisfactory values. Thus, the average daily gains of bulls are 750–900 g. The genetic potential of dairy productivity of cows of the Brown Carpathian breed is high and is at the level of 8 … 9 tons of milk. A characteristic feature of the Brown Carpathian cattle is the adaptation of the organism to the paratypical conditions of the mountain and lowland Transcarpathia, taking into account retention and feeding. The breed has two types: lowland (Berehiv, Vynohradiv, Mukachevo districts) and mountain (Rakhiv, Volovetsky, Mezhgirsky districts). In order to preserve the Brown Carpathian cattle as a national property, it is necessary to carry out expeditionary examination of domestic animals, to analyze and evaluate livestock. In our opinion, this can serve as a starting point for the establishment of a reserve or individual gene pool subject of the Brown Carpathian breed. Conclusions. The Brown Carpathian cattle belongs to the combined, dairy-meat direction of productivity. The cow's productivity is at the level of 3.5–4.5 thousand kg of milk with a fat content of 3.6–3.8%, the animals have satisfactory meat productivity. The peculiarity of the breed is its exceptional adaptation to the natural and climatic conditions of Transcarpathian Ukraine. The breed has a sufficient number of regional lines and families for distribution in Ukraine.

GROWTH AND MEAT PRODUCTIVITY OF YOUNG HEREFORD BREED IN CONDITIONS OF THE SOUTH OF WESTERN SIBERIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Х.Х. Тагиров ◽  
Н.Ю. Николаева ◽  
Р.Р. ИШБЕРДИНА
Keyword(s):  
Western Siberia ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Maximum Mass ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Opposite Trend ◽  
Group I ◽  
Tomsk Region ◽  
Morphological Composition ◽  
Meat Productivity

Изучены особенности роста и продуктивные качества бычков и кастратов герефордской породы, выращенных в условиях Томской области. Исследования проводили на 2 группах животных от 15- до 24-месячного возраста. В I группу входили бычки, во II — кастраты. Средняя живая масса бычков-кастратов в начале и в конце периода исследований превосходила массу бычков I группы. Наибольший прирост живой массы с 15-месячного возраста наблюдался у бычков I группы, начиная с 20 мес, кастрированные животные показали лучшие результаты. Абсолютный ежемесячный прирост живой массы был выше в 1,5—2 раза у бычков I группы до 19 мес, после чего наблюдалась обратная тенденция. За весь период исследований от бычков I группы получен прирост живой массы в среднем 202,7 кг. Бычки-кастраты за этот же период имели прирост 210,5 кг. По показателям мясной продуктивности молодняк I группы отличался наибольшей предубойной массой, массой парной туши и убойной массой на 59,7, 20 и 10,1 кг соответственно. Бычки-кастраты превосходили сверстников I группы по содержанию внутреннего жира (на 10 кг), выходу туши (на 2,4%) и убойному выходу (на 4,7%). При изучении морфологического состава туш установлено, что бычки I группы характеризуются максимальной массой охлажденной туши. Однако по выходу мышечной ткани доминировали бычки-кастраты: содержание мякоти у них было выше на 2,2%, а индекс мясности больше на 0,4 ед. The peculiarities of growth and productive qualities of Hereford calves and castrates raised in the Tomsk region were studied. The studies were carried out on 2 groups of animals from 15 to 24 months of age. Group I consisted of gobies, and group II consisted of castrati. The average live weight of castrate bulls at the beginning and at the end of the study period exceeded the weight of group I bulls. The greatest increase in live weight from the age of 15 months was observed in group I calves, starting from 20 months the neutered animals showed the best results. The absolute monthly increase in live weight was 1.5—2 times higher in group I bulls up to 19 months, after which the opposite trend was observed. Over the entire period of research, an average live weight gain of 202.7 kg was obtained from group I calves. Castrated gobies had an increase of 210.5 kg over the same period. According to the indicators of meat productivity, the young animals of group I had the highest pre—slaughter weight, the weight of a paired carcass and the slaughter weight by 59.7, 20 and 10.1 kg, respectively. Castrate bulls outperformed their peers in group I in terms of internal fat content (by 10 kg), carcass yield (by 2.4%), and slaughter yield (by 4.7%). When studying the morphological composition of carcasses, it was found that group I gobies are characterized by the maximum mass of the cooled carcass. However, the output of muscle tissue was dominated by castrate gobies: their pulp content was higher by 2.2%, and the meat index was higher by 0.4 units.

Local mineral feed additives in the rations of steers of Hereford breed

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-39
Author(s):  
M. Grigoryev ◽  
N. Chernogradskaya
Keyword(s):  
Economic Effect ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Mineral Feed Additives

Animals imported to Yakutia from other regions fall into feeding and housing conditions that differ from their usual agro-climatic conditions, which causes the problem of their adaptation. Yakutia is one of the areas where the feed of its own production has a lack of basic minerals, which affects the health and productivity of animals, which has an additional negative influence on the adaptation process of imported cattle. In order to replenish macro- and microelements in the body, it is necessary to introduce various local mineral feed additives, premixes, and use mineral salts into the ration. Under the conditions of Central Yakutia the influence of local mineral feed additives (zeolite of the Khonguruu Deposit in the Suntar district and sapropels of local lakes) containing macro- and microelements that increase the meat productivity of steers has been studied. As a result of the research the influence of local mineral feed additives on meat productivity and physiological condition of Hereford steers has been established. Influence of zeolite and sapropel in a complex with mineral salts on digestibility of nutrients of the ration and use of nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus by experimental animals has been defined. The influence of feed additives on the quality of meat products has been studied. The results have shown that the use of local mineral feed additives in the composition of ration of steers during the fattening period at a dose of 0,7 g zeolite per 1 kg of live weight of the animal and 200 g of sapropel in combination with 10 g of mineral salts contributed to the gain in live weight, carcass weight, carcass yield, yield of edible parts, and economic efficiency of fattening. For the entire period of the experiment the gain in live weight in groups was: in control group 2222,9 kg, in the 1st experimental group 2396,2 kg, in the 2nd experimental group 2471,1 kg. The total economic effect for the 1st experimental group for the period of experiment amounted to 44,3 thousand Rubles, for the 2nd experimental group 78,0 thousand Rubles or per 1 head/day 14,06 and 24,76 Rubles, respectively.

СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ СТАД СКОТА СИММЕНТАЛЬСКОЙ ПОРОДЫ ПО МОЛОЧНОЙ И МЯСНОЙ ПРОДУКТИВНОСТИ

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.V. SIVKIN ◽  
N.V. STREKOZOV ◽  
V.I. CHINAROV
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Group I ◽  
Breeding Herd ◽  
Simmental Cattle ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Meat Type

В симментальской породе предусматривается разведение скота, сбалансировано сочетающего молочную и мясную продуктивность. Однако в практике совершенствования племенных стад в подборах быков доминируют улучшатели удоя, что во многом предопределяет результаты селекции и продуктивный тип животных. Объектом нашего исследования стало стадо чистопородного симментальского скота в условиях стойловой системы беспривязного и привязного содержания коров. Для изучения эффективности использования быков-производителей разного племенного достоинства сформировали 2 опытные группы: I состояла из бычков, полученных от отцов с племенной ценностью (ПЦ) по удою 100 кг и более, а во II с ПЦ от 0 до 100 кг молока. Симментальские бычки, отобранные для контрольного убоя, достигали весовых кондиций 500 кг и более в 17,5 мес при среднесуточном приросте 911 г. При использовании на маточном поголовье быков-производителей с улучшающим эффектом по удою 100 кг и более, их сыновья (I группа), на фоне более высоких суточных приростов (на 30 г) и раннем возрасте достижения живой массы 500 кг (на 18 дней) имели массу и выход туши на 21,4 кг и 2,7 ниже, чем у бычков II группы. При формировании молочно-мясного типа быки-производители с умеренной племенной ценностью по удою обеспечивали получение потомства, сочетающего молочную и мясную продуктивность в экономически значимых пропорциях.The Simmental breed provides for the breeding of cattle that combines milk and meat productivity in a balanced proportion. However, in the practice of improving breeding herds, the selection of bulls is dominated by milk yield improvers, which largely determines the results of selection and the productive type of animals. The object of our research was a breeding herd of purebred Simmental cattle in variety feeding and housing practices. To study the effectiveness of using bulls-producers of different breeding values, 2 experimental groups were formed: I consisted of bulls received from fathers with a breeding value (BV) of milk yield 100 kg or more, and II with a BV from 0 to 100 kg of milk. Simmental bulls selected for control slaughter reached weight standards of 500 kg or more in 17.5 months with an average daily increase of 911 g. When used on breeding of bulls with an improving effect on the yield of 100 kg or more, their sons (group I), against the background of higher daily gains (30 g) and an early age of reaching a live weight of 500 kg (18 days), had a mass and carcass yield of 21.4 kg and 2.7 lower than that of group II bulls. When forming a dairy-meat type, producing bulls with a moderate breeding value for milk yield provided for the production of offspring that combined dairy and meat productivity in economically significant proportions.

Evaluation Yorkshire and Landrace breeds of pigs according to PRKAG3, MC4R and MYOD1 marker genes

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
A. Balnikov ◽  
I. Gridyushko ◽  
Yu. Kazutova ◽  
M. Mikhailova ◽  
E. Romanishko
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
State Enterprise ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Productive Traits ◽  
Meat Productivity

Purpose: evaluation of pigs Yorkshire rocks and Landraz on PRKAG3, MC4R and MyOD1 markers.Materials and methods. The paper presents the analysis of the results of genetic testing, and determines the frequency of alleles and genotypes of Yorkshire and Landrace breeds at the State Enterprise ZhodinoAgroPlemElita" of the Minsk region of the Republic of Belarus by the genes-markers of productive traits: PRKAG3, MC4R and MYOD1. Zootechnical and molecular genetic methods were used in the research (PCR/PDRF). Snapshot analysis was developed for the genotyping of pigs to detect polymorphic markers of meat-feeding productivity of pigs on the Genas PRKAG3, MyOD1, MC4R. At the first stage, there was an assessment of tribal young (173 heads) on its own productivity in terms of indicators: the age of achieving the living mass of 100 kg, the average daily increase (d) from birth to the live weight of 100 kg, the length of the body (cm), the lifetime meat quality of the thickness of the scrape (mm), height of the longest back muscles (mm), the content of meat in the body (%). At the second stage of the research, the controlling fastenings of 200 goals of pigs and evaluation of feedst and meat qualities in the following indicators were carried out: the age of achieving a living mass of 100 kg (days), the average daily increase (d), feed consumption per 1 kg of growth (to. Units). Also determined: the length of the carcass (cm), the slaughter output (%), the thickness of the spick over 6-7 breast vertebrae (mm), the area of "muscular eye" (cm2), the mass of the rear third of the half carcass (kg), the flow of meat in the carcus (%). Then, genetic studies were compared with productivity indicators.Results. As a result of the research, it was found that in the tested animals, the frequency of the preferred allele I-PRKAG3 made 0.171-0.288, A-MC4R – 0.243-0.315, and C-MYOD1 – 0.064-0.477, respectively. The developed comprehensive system for assessing the breeding value of Yorkshire and Landrace pigs based on the marker genes PRKAG3, MC4R, and MYOD1 allowed us to identify the preferred alleles and determine correlation with productivity traits that provided increase in the average population values: for self-productivity - by 2-4%, for fattening traits - by 2.7-12.5%, for meat traits - by 2.8-34.4 %.Conclusion. The use of integrated system in pig breeding will speed up the selection work to increase the indicators of fattening and meat productivity of the created breeding herds of Yorkshire and Landrace pigs.

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