COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF UKRAINIAN GREY CATTLE AND SOME SPECIALIZED BEEF BREEDS BY ECONOMICALLY VALUABLE TRAITS

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 221-227
Author(s):  
Yu. M. Reznikova
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Beef Breed ◽  
Breeding Farms

For the last years significant reduction of breeding farms has led to decrease in the number of populations and these trends are particularly concerning beef livestock, competitiveness of which is lower compared with dairy cattle-breeding. There is observed to decrease not only number of indigenous populations, which aren’t able to compete on productivity, but also native specialized cattle. So, population of Ukrainian Beef breed declined 1,5 times (8 breeding farms, 2733 head, 1135 cows on January 1, 2010 vs. 3, 1824, 665 respectively on January 1, 2016), Polessian Beef breed – 2,2 times (27 breeding farms, 8904 head, 3705 cows on January 1, 2010 vs. 10, 4113, 2157 respectively on January 1, 2016), Ukrainian Grey – 1,2 times (4 breeding farms, 1075 head, 437 cows on January 1, 2010 vs. 2, 903, 341 respectively on January 1, 2016).The reality of the recent years indicates that some native beef cattle breeds can be considered as local and as needing conservation in the nearest future. Thereby, the aim of our work was to study dynamics of growth, productivity and reproductive ability of breeding stock of Ukrainian Grey breed compared with Ukrainian Beef, Polessian Beef having been created with its participation, and Blonde d'Aquitaine – a foreign specialized beef breed being bred under the same conditions. Materials and methods.The investigations were carried out at the herds of SE «Polyvanivka» Research Farm», Magdalynivka district, Dnipropetrovsk region and AF «Klen», Zhovkva district, Lviv region at breeding females of Ukrainian Grey (n = 279), Blonde d'Aquitaine (n = 42), Ukrainian Beef (n = 159) and Polessian Beef (n = 100) breeds. The indicators of growth rate, reproduction, and productivity were analysed based on data of zootechnical primary account registered at breeding farms. Results of research. Comparison of averages by a group found that the Ukrainian Grey animals were characterized by slightly lower figures of live weight at all the investigated ages. Under the same growing conditions, live weight of the Ukrainian Grey animals at the age of weaning was 14 kg (P < 0,001) less compared with the Ukrainian specialized beef breed (Ukrainian Beef) and by 19 kg (P < 0,001) less compared with the French specialized beef cattle (Blonde d'Aquitaine). The results are quite predictable that the indigenous breed isn’t able to compete with specialized beef cattle. The Ukrainian Grey animals were characterized by lower figures of average daily gain of live weight almost for all the investigated age periods with the greatest difference from birth to weaning – 56 g (P < 0,001) compared with Ukrainian Beef and 79 g (P < 0,001) compared with Blonde d'Aquitaine. The Ukrainian Grey heifers at the age from 1 to 2 years were characterized by almost the same growth rate as Ukrainian Beef and Polessian Beef contemporaries and predominated slightly over Blonde d'Aquitaine. The greatest difference was observed between milk ability of the Ukrainian Grey and Polessian Beef cows within 15-21 kg (P < 0,001). Predominance of cows of other studied breeds over Ukrainian Grey was 13 kg (P < 0,001) after the 1st calving, 14-19 kg (P < 0,001) after the 2nd calving and 11-15 kg (P < 0,001) after the 3rd calving. Reliable differences in calving interval weren’t revealed between Ukrainian Grey and Ukrainian Beef, Blonde d'Aquitaine (except for calving interval between the 1st-2nd calving). Comparative analysis of age repeatability of live weight revealed that gradual reduction of repeatability coefficient with each distance from the age of 210 days or 1 year was characterized for the animals, kept in "Polyvanivka" breeding farm. So, the highest age repeatability was observed at adjacent periods – 210 days-1 year, 2-3 years. Higher levels of age repeatability of live weight were found at the Polessian Beef and Blonde d'Aquitaine animals. The results of research of Ukrainian Grey cows’ productivity should not be assessed pessimistically, because productivity for indigenous and local breeds has never been the main traits in their preservation. It is studied to monitor their state. Conclusions. So, indigenous Ukrainian Grey cattle are inferior to all the investigated beef breeds by productivity that caused by its triple-purpose specialization with working ability at the first place in the past. The significant high and middle levels of age repeatability indicate the possibility of effective selection of Polessian Beef and Blonde d'Aquitaine heifers on live weight at weaning (210 days), whereas for Ukrainian Grey and Ukrainian Beef animals at 1-years’ age. No reliable correlation of live weight with milk ability was found at the Ukrainian Grey, Polessian Beef, and Blonde d'Aquitaine cows and inverse correlation of live weight at 4-years’ age with milk ability after the 2nd calving – at the Ukrainian Beef cows.

BREEDING ACHIEVEMENT OF BEEF CATTLE-BREEDING OF UKRAINE: ZNAMENSK INTRABREED TYPE OF POLESSIAN BEEF BREED

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 94-108
Author(s):  
A. Ye. Pochukalin ◽  
Yu. M. Reznikova ◽  
S. V. Priyma ◽  
O. V. Rizun
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Beef Breed ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Breeding Farms

The aim of our research was to conduct a retrospective analysis and to study the current state of the subjects breeding Znamensk intrabreed type of Polessian Beef breed and to assess main economically useful traits and genealogical structure. Material and methods. Research of productive and economic activity of breeding farms has been carried out based on the electronic database of State Register of Breeding Subjects in Livestock for 2003-2016. Analysis of the number of breeding animals, distribution of cows by age, animals’ live weight, milk (as a calf’s live weight at the age of 7 months) and reproductive abilities has been performed based on breeding account (form №7-myas) for 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016. Results of research. The most breeding farms meet the minimum requirements of the target standard of Znamensk intrabreed type on the main quantitative traits of animal productivity. "Kolos" АLLC, Kirovograd region and «Agrikor Holding" LLC, Chernihiv region were the most numerous. High realization of genetic potential of meat productivity (daily gain of live weight above 1000 g) was observed at animals in «Kolos» АLLC and «Sharivske» PE. There have been sold 222 head of the breeding youngsters for 13 years. The greatest number of animals was observed according to annual reports in 2012. It can be explained by the number of subjects conducting the selection and breeding work with the intrabreed type. The share of cows did not exceed 43.0% (2012), bull – 1.5% (2010), calves of different gender and age groups – 66.1% (2014). 85.5% of all the available breeding stock (5369 head) was approved and 67.8% corresponded to elite and elite-record classes. Live weight of the approved cows has increased by 7.5% at the age of 3 years, 9.7% at the age of 4 years and 11.1% at the age of 5 years since 2010. Differential for live weight of cows at the age of 4 and 5 years was 9 and 11 kg on the average. There was adequate number of animals, live weight of which was in a wide range, that is from 551 kg and above. So, such cows were 111 head in 2010 and 234 head in 2016. These cows realise genetic makings of high productivity sufficiently and they are material for selecting the best representatives of Znamensk intrabreed type. Gradual increase of milk ability was noted from 2010 till 2016 after the first calving by 13.7%, the second – 12.2, the third – 11.7, and by 11.9% on average. Differential for milk ability of cows was 5 kg (2010, 2012), 11 kg (2014) and 2 kg (2016) on average. Average calving interval of cows for the period are oscillatory in nature and didn’t exceed 420 days during 2010-2014. Gradual increase of age at first calving of heifers by 101 days was observed from 2010 to 2014 with reduction to 824 days for next two years. It should be noted violation of course of cows’ and heifers’ calvings, it was 29 and 36 cases in 2010 and 2012 respectively, whereas in subsequent periods, these values were significantly lower or non-existent. It may indicate a high level of veterinary services and compliance of technologies of feeding and management. Efficiency of beef cattle-breeding depends on the growing of calves. Analysis of the results shows that live weight of calves at the age of 210 days has increased in each investigational year. The values are oscillatory in nature between 8 and 15 months. Sexual dimorphism was confirmed and proven – bull-calves had higher growth rate compared to heifers. Significant reduction in the livestock number of the approved bloodlines and their absence in some cases (Radyst 113 and Darovanyi 400) was observed. This is due to the increased share of Polessian Beef and Charolais bulls used for reproduction. There were 139 cows, 27 heifers and 13 calves in group belonging to Polessian Beef and Charolais bloodlines in 2012, whereas in 2014, 281, 193 and 18 respectively, representing 81% of the total population. Conclusions. The research revealed that livestock of the type were concentrated in «Agrikor Holding» breeding farm, Pryluky district, Chernihiv region with a total of 922 head, including 348 cows. Productivity of animals by the valuation results at the beginning of 2016 (live weight, milk ability, reproduction) significantly increased. Current genealogical structure of Znamensk intrabreed type was represented by bulls belonging to Polessian Beef and Charolais bloodlines, share of which was 81%.

scholarly journals Моніторинг та оцінка м΄ясної худоби абердин-ангуської породи в Україні

2018 ◽  
pp. 127-131
Author(s):  
О. І. Колісник ◽  
В. Г. Прудніков ◽  
Ю. І. Криворучко
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Minimum Weight ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Native Breed ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Main Indicator ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
Breeding Farms

Проаналізовано загальну чисельність племінного поголів΄я, продуктивність м΄ясної худоби абердин-ангуської породи в Україні за період з 2014 по 2017 рік, а також кількість основних племзаводів та племрепродукторів з її розведення. Це дасть змогу вести і корегувати подальшу цілеспрямовану селекційно-племінну роботу з удосконалення та створення вітчизняної ангуської породи. As a result of the research, the issue of the number of breeding cattle of imported Aberdeen-Angus meat breed in Ukraine was studied. The number of breeding plants and breeding products, which specialize in its breeding, has been determined to date. The total number of Aberdeen- Angus in Ukraine in 2017 was 6.520 heads, including cows. At the same time, the number of livestock in both the breeding plants and the breeding farms decreased during the period under review. So, if the Aberdin population had 7649 animals in 2014, then in 2017 it was 6520. Accordingly, the number of enterprises where the cattle of this breed was bred decreased. The largest number of livestock is concentrated in OOO «Buffalo» in Volyn’ region – 1350 heads, including 625 cows. It should also be noted the negative trend of a decrease in both livestock and households. For example, in Zhytomyr region, where in 2015 there were 251 heads of aberdines, at present it is not cultivated by it. For four years out of 20 farms that specialized in this breed, there are 17 in 11 regions of Ukraine. It should be noted that there are areas that do not cultivate Aberdeen-Angus at all, although there are conditions for this. The main indicator of the meat productivity of beef cattle is the living weight. As a result of the analysis it was established that the maximum live weight of full-fat cows is 620 kg, and the minimum weight is 475 kg. In most farms specialize in the breeding of large-type Aberdeen-Angus, and in the rest – small type of British origin. The yield of calves per 100 cows ranges from 65 to 100 %. Live weight of calves at birth on average in Ukraine: heifers – 26.5 kg, bull-calves – 29.4 kg. It again confirms the fecundity of the Aberdeen-Angus. The average daily gain on the suckling is on the average 841 g, after weaning – 887 g. In the economy of beef cattle breeding, the milk of cows is important, on which the calves live after weaning at 7–8 months of age. Milk of cows is low and is in the range of 165–208 kg, which affects the calves' live weight at weaning and it is also a disadvantage of the breed. Given its heterogeneity in origin (British and American), productive indicators and existing shortcomings, a program was developed to create a consolidated competitive Ukrainian Angus meat breed. The program provides for the breeding of a new breed as a result of purebred breeding using rigid selection and selection. Today, work is actively being carried out to create it in Agro-Novoselivka 2009 agrofirm in Kharkiv region. The native breed is created in conditions of resource-saving technology, which in the technological process does not provide for the use of premises, that is, close to the natural conditions.

scholarly journals DYNAMICS OF GROWTH IN THE GOUSES UNDER CONDITIONS OF THE COMBINED PHARMACOPROPHYLACTIC HOMOBIOTICS, PROBIOTICS BASED ON THE RECOMBINANT BASILL AND ENROFLOXACIN STRAIN

2019 ◽  
pp. 104-110
Author(s):  
G. A. Nozdrin ◽  
N. A. Gotovchikov ◽  
M. S. Yakovleva ◽  
N. S. Yakovleva ◽  
M. B. Lazareva
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Absolute Weight ◽  
Probiotic Preparation ◽  
Daily Gain

The combined effect of homobiotics, probiotics based on recombinant strains of g. Bacillus, & enrofloxacin on the dynamics of body weight gain in geese was studied. According to the principle of steam-analogs, one control and five experimental groups of 10 goslings in each group were formed. Gosyatam experimental groups used homobiotics vetom 15.1; vetom 13.1 incombination with enrofloxacin followed by replacement with a probiotic preparation Vetom 1.2. The absolute body weight and average daily gain in geese under the influence of the studied drugs increases. The severity of the effect depended on the pharmacological composition of the drugs used. The maximum absolute weight gain was observed when using the drugs according to the scheme: vetom 13.1 at doses of 25–50 mg/kg for 16 days, with further use of a 10% enrofloxacin solution at a dose of 0.5 ml/kg for 5 days and in The experiment period was 1.2 at a dose of 50 mg/kg for 16 days. After the cessation of the use of drugs, the growth rate increased for 30 days when prescribing the drugs according to the scheme: veto 13.1 at a dose of 50 mg/kg for 16 days and with further introduction of homobiotic veto 1.2 into the bird in a dose of 50 mg/kg for 16 days. The maximum average daily gain in live weight of geese was observed in the period from the 16th to the 32nd day with the administration scheme: homobiotic vetom 13.1 at a dose of 25 mg/kg of body weight 1 time per day for 5 consecutive days, then every other day for 16 days, then daily 10 % solution of enrofloxacin at a dose of 0.5 ml/kg of body weight for 5 days, then vetom 1.2 at a dose of 25 mg/kg once a day for 16 days in a row. And the maximum average daily gain in the post using period of the drug was observed on the 32nd day of the study according to the scheme: homobiotic veto 15.1 at a dose of 50 mg/kg of body weight 1 time per day for 16 days, then daily with vetom 1.2 at the same dose 1 once a day for 16 days. The studied drugs in the applied doses did not have a toxic effect on the physiological state of geese.

AGE DYNAMICS OF THE LIVE WEIGHT OF YOUNG YAKS OF THE ALTAI POPULATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
А.И. БАХТУШКИНА ◽  
В.Р. САИТОВ ◽  
М.М. САЛЬНИКОВА
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Vigorous Growth ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Daily Gain

Проведено изучение интенсивности роста молодняка яков алтайской популяции, характеризующегося энергичным ростом. Динамика роста молодняка яков изучена путем определения их живой массы в разные возрастные периоды: при рождении, в возрасте 7, 12, 18 мес. По результатам взвешиваний определен абсолютный прирост, абсолютный среднесуточный прирост живой массы, относительная скорость роста. В период от рождения до 7-месячного возраста, который совпал с летним периодом пастбищного сезона, живая масса бычков увеличилась на 131,4 кг, а телок — на 120,2 кг. Интенсивность роста составила соответственно 625,7 и 572,4 г, что свидетельствует о достаточно хорошей молочности маток. В зимний период (возраст молодняка — от 7 до 12 мес) интенсивность роста резко снизилась: живая масса бычков и телочек составила всего 161,3 и 143,7 кг, со среднесуточными приростами — 94 и 58 г соответственно. С началом вегетации пастбищных растений приросты молодняка по сравнению с зимним периодом резко увеличились. В возрасте от 12 до 18 мес они были равны: 476 г — у бычков и 439 г — у телочек. Общий прирост живой массы бычков за этот период составил 86 кг, у телочек — 79 кг. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о достаточно хорошем развитии молодняка яков алтайской популяции. The growth rate of young yaks of the Altai population, characterized by vigorous growth, was investigated. The growth dynamics of young yaks was studied by determining their live weight at different age periods – at birth and at the age of 7, 12, 18 months. According to the weighing results, the absolute gain, the absolute average daily gain in live weight, and the relative growth rate were determined. In the period from birth to 7 months of age, which coincided with the summer months of the pasture season, the live weight of bull calves increased by 131.4, and heifers — by 120.2 kg, i.e., the growth rate was 625.7 and 572.4 g, respectively, which characterizes a fairly good milk yield of cows. In the winter period (age from 7 to 12 months), the growth rate decreased sharply: the live weight of calves and calves was only 161.3 kg and 143.7 kg, with average daily gains of 94 and 58g, respectively. Subsequently, with the beginning of the growing season of pasture plants, the weight gain of young animals in comparison with the winter period increased sharply. At the age of 12 to 18 months they were equal: 476 g-for steers and 439 g-for heifers. The total increase in live weight of calves during this period was 86 kg, of heifers — 79 kg. The data obtained indicate a fairly good development of young yaks of the Altai population.

scholarly journals An index framework founded on the future profit potential of female beef cattle to aid the identification of candidates for culling

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fíona L Dunne ◽  
Donagh P Berry ◽  
Margaret M Kelleher ◽  
Ross D Evans ◽  
Siobhan W Walsh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Transition Matrices ◽  
Individual Female ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Carcass Performance ◽  
Expected Longevity ◽  
Profit Potential

Abstract Meticulous culling decisions, coupled with careful breeding decisions, are fundamental to shifting a population distribution in the favorable direction and improving profit per cow. Nevertheless, there is a paucity of easy-to-use dynamic tools to aid in culling decisions in beef cattle. The motivation for the present study was to develop a monetary-based culling tool, here referred to as the Beef Female’s Profit Potential (BFPP), to identify females for culling. The BFPP reflects the expected lifetime profitability of an individual female in a herd for the expected remainder of her lifetime; this profit included that of the beef female herself as well as her progeny. The BFPP index framework was composed of 4 subindexes reflecting the value of an animal: (1) as a nulliparae (this was voided if the cow had already calved), (2) for the remainder of her current parity, (3) summed across each of her expected remaining parities, and (4) when she is retained within the herd and not voluntarily culled. Each subindex was comprised of different components reflecting both genetic and non-genetic effects associated with each female. Transition matrices predicting the expected longevity of each female and their expected month of calving were also utilized in calculating the expected remaining lifetime profitability of each female. The BFPP index was validated on 21,102 beef cows as well as their harvested progeny from 875 herds by stratifying the cows, within herd, into 4 strata based on their BFPP. The mean of the within-herd correlation between the BFPP and the Irish national replacement (i.e., breeding) index was, on average, 0.45 indicating the shortcomings of the breeding index as a culling tool. Cows within the top BFPP stratum had a genetic expectation of accruing almost an additional €36 profit per calving, relative to cows within the worst stratum; when validated on the cow’s own calving interval and survival performance as well as their progeny’s carcass performance, the actual phenotypic value was estimated to be an additional €32 profit per calving. A proportion of this additional profit was due to the harvested progeny of the high BFPP cows having, on average, heavier, more conformed carcasses with less fat cover relative to their poor BFPP contemporaries. This BFPP framework is a useful and easy-to-use tool to aid in producer decision making on the choice of females to voluntarily cull but also on which replacement heifers to graduate into the mature herd.

The effect of suckling regime on growth rate and lactation performance of the Cyprus Fat-tailed and Chios sheep

1972 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avraam Louca
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Lactation Performance ◽  
Lactation Length ◽  
Chios Sheep ◽  
Daily Gain

SUMMARYSeventy-two Cyprus Fat-tailed and Chios ewes with their lambs were used over a 2-year period to study the effects of three suckling regimes on the lactation performance of ewes and growth rate of lambs. The regimes studied were continuous or 24-hr a day suckling, 12-hr suckling and no suckling. The lambs were weaned at the age of 10 weeks. All the ewes, including those suckling, were handmilked throughout the trial twice daily.Highly significant differences in milk yield (milk sucked by lambs plus milk withdrawn by hand) and lactation length were found between the Fat-tailed and Chios ewes, the respective average milk yields being 159 and 265 kg and the corresponding lactation lengths, 158 and 209 days. There were no significant differences between breeds in the live weight or average daily gain of lambs up to the age of 20 weeks. Suckling for 12 rather than 24 hr a day had no adverse effects on the milk yield of ewes or the growth rate of lambs. The no-suckling regime, however, adversely affected milk yield and lactation length but the effects were less pronounced for the Chios breed.

scholarly journals GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF HEIFERS OF THE CREATED SIMМENTAL MEAT BREED

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
L. O. Dedova ◽  
M. I. Bashchenko ◽  
Yu. V. Vdovychenko
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Hip Joints ◽  
Beef Breed ◽  
Coefficient Of Variability ◽  
Related Group ◽  
Good Energy

Introduction. When creating the Simmental beef breed of cattle during many years carried out researches to study the effectiveness of the use of meat Simmentals of foreign selection in crossbreeding with cows of Simmental breed of domestic selection. Were created the herds of the desirable type by breeding "in themselves" animals, that meet the requirements of the target standard, formed a genealogical structure. Now carry out the work with related groups of cattle of the created Simmental meat breed, which are the basis for the creation of further lines, but the growth and development of animals of different related groups have not been sufficiently studied. Therefore, the study problems of growth and development of repair heifers of different related groups has not only theoretical, but also practical importance. The purpose of our researches was to study the dynamics of linear growth and weight development of heifers of different related groups of the created Simmental meat breed. Research materials and methods. The researches was carried out on heifers of different related groups of the created Simmental meat breed in PJSC "Dniprovske" of Boryspil district of Kyiv region. To analyze the growth and development of heifers were formed groups of animals depending on their belongings to related groups of 15 heads in each: I Group – Metz 5290; II – Achilles 369; III – Abricot 58311; IV – Huxla 19223; V – Hercules 8942 and VI – Signal 120. Research results. It was determined, that heifers of the II group, which belong to the related group of Achilles 369, by live weight at all ages of periods surpass to peers. Thus, at 18 months of age the advantage of heifers of the II group by live weight in comparison with to peers of the I, III, IV, V and VI groups was 4.1; 3.0; 5.0; 14.1 and 11.4 kg. In heifers of related groups Hercules 8942 and Signal 120, the coefficients of variability of live weight at birth in which were the lowest, and in the following age periods they little changed, therefore at 18 months of age in these heifers they were the highest, comparison with analogues, and was to 8.4 and 9.2%, respectively. When studying the exterior of heifers of different related groups it was determined, that newborn heifers of the I group, which belong to the related group of Metz 5290, surpass their peers in height indicators. Their the height at the withers and the height at the sacrum were 74.0 and 79.1 cm, which is 0.6; 1.3; 2.1; 3.2 and 2.6 cm and is 0.3; 1.2; 2.9; 3.6 and 3.2 cm more than in analogues of the II, III, IV, V and VI groups, respectively. The best indicators of latitudinal measurements had the heifers of the III group, which belong to the related group Abricot 58311. In heifers of this group the width of the chest was 17.6 cm, width in the hip joints – 21.8 cm, width in the hips – 18.1 cm, and width in the ischial tubercles – 12.6 cm. The depth of the chest and the girth of the chest behind the shoulder blades were the highest in heifers of the I group, which belong to the related group of Metz 5290. They were 32.2 and 79.6 cm, respectively. When analyzing the measurements of heifers at 18 months of age, it was determined, that the height indicators had advantage by heifers of the II group, which belong to the related group of Achilles 369. Their, the height at the withers and height at the sacrum were 124.5 and 129.8 cm, which is 0.3; 1.3; 2.5; 5.3 and 4.2 cm and is 0.9; 2.2; 4.1; 6.6 and 5.9 cm more than in analogues of the I, III, IV, V and VI groups, respectively. The best indicators of latitudinal measurements had the heifers of the III group, which belong to the related group of Abricot 58311, since they had increases of measurements width of the chest, width in the hip joints, width in the hips and width in the ischial tubercles for the period from birth to 18 months of age the highest comparison with peers. Such indicators as depth of the chest and the girth of the chest behind the shoulder blades were highest in heifers of the II group, which belong to the related group of Achilles 369. Their increases of measurements depth of the chest and the girth of the chest behind the shoulder blades for the period from birth to 18 months of age also were highest comparison with peers and were 35.5 and 94.2 cm, respectively. Conclusions. It was determined, that the animals of the related group of Achilles 369 at all ages of periods had a large live weight in comparison with their analogues. The lowest coefficient of variability of live weight at 18 months of age was in heifers of the related group Abrikot 58311 and amounted to 6.5%. Heifers of the related group of Achilles 369 had the highest indicators of the following measurements: height at the withers (124.5 cm), height at the sacrum (129.8 cm), depth of the chest (67.4 cm), girth of chest behind the shoulder blades (173.1 cm) and oblique length of body (146.4 cm). The highest latitudinal measurements were observed in the heifers of the related group Abrikot 58311. Thus, the width of the chest was 49.9 cm, the width in the hip joints was 42.2 cm, the width in the hips was 43.3 cm, and the width in the ischial tubercles was 29.2 cm. Heifers of the related group Metz 5290 had the highest half-girth croup (110.2 cm) and girth of metacarpus (18.4 cm). In general, heifers of all groups showed good energy of growth and a typical for beef cattle exterior.

A comparison of wheat and barley as supplements to grass silage for beef cattle

1989 ◽  
Vol 1989 ◽  
pp. 4-4
Author(s):  
R. W. J. Steen
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Beef Breed ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Feeding Value ◽  
Soyabean Meal ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Finishing Beef Cattle

Two randomised-block experiments have been carried out to examine the relative feeding value of wheat and barley as supplements to grass silage for finishing beef cattle. In each experiment unwilted, formic acid-treated silage was offered ad libitum and supplemented with 500 g soyabean meal and 50 g minerals and vitamins to 44 twelve month old bulls for 157 and 172 days in experiments 1 and 2 respectively. In addition 12 animals received 2.5 kg rolled spring barley (LB), 12 received 4.0 kg barley (HB) and 20 received 3.25 kg rolled wheat (W). Silage was offered once daily and concentrates twice daily in two equal meals.Eleven British Friesian bulls and thirty-three bulls which were Friesian x Continental beef breed were used in each experiment. They were initially 402 and 385 kg live weight in experiments 1 and 2 respectively. In both experiments the animals were housed and fed in groups of four in slatted pens. All animals were slaughtered at the end of the experiments to obtain carcass data.

A note on the effects of monensin on the performance and on rumen metabolites of intact male cattle

1979 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Holzer ◽  
D. Ilan ◽  
D. Levy
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intact Male ◽  
Beef Breed ◽  
Group B

ABSTRACTTwo groups of 14 intact male weanling beef breed calves were each fed 1·45 kg oat hay daily and concentrates ad libitum, in a 158-day feeding trial. Group ‘a’ received 35 p.p.m. monensin in the concentrate. Group ‘b’ served as a control.Average daily gain was 1·28 and 1·27 kg, dressing percentage was 58·1 and 58·0, daily intake of concentrate was 8·10 and 8·79 kg and conversion ratio of metabolizable energy into live weight was 74·53 and 81·30 MJ/kg for the monensin and the control group respectively. The percentage of acetic acid in rumen liquor was reduced and that of propionic acid increased very markedly. As a result the acetic acid: propionic acid ratio was reduced from 3·2 in the control group to 1·8 in the monensin group. No peculiarity in the response of intact male cattle to monensin was observed.

scholarly journals FACTORS INFLUENCING MILK YIELD OF BEEF CATTLE

1971 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 551-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. B. JEFFERY ◽  
R. T. BERG ◽  
R. T. HARDIN
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Hybrid Breeding

The joint and separate effects of several cow-calf variables on milk yield were studied with 176 and 201 beef cows from the University of Alberta beef breeding herd for 1966 and 1967, respectively. The dams consisted of Hereford, Aberdeen Angus, Galloway and hybrid breeding. Independent variables considered were: breed, post-calving weight, winter weight loss, summer weight gain and age of dam, and weaning age, sex and birth weight of calf. Total variance of milk yield explained by all variables together was only 40 and 52% for 1966 and 1967, respectively. Breed and age differences of dam accounted for 82 and 87% of explained variance in milk yield respectively for 1966 and 1967. Holding cow age constant, post-calving weight of cow explained 0.0 and 8.5% additional variance in milk yield for 1966 and 1967, respectively. Summer weight gain of cow was negatively associated with milk yield. Winter weight loss of cow had little influence on milk yield. There appeared to be a negative relationship between early parturition and milk yield. The effect of calf sex on milk yield of dam was inconsistent; cows suckling male calves vs. female calves yielded more milk in 1966 but less in 1967. Birth weight of calf had a small positive influence on milk yield of dam. Association between milk yield of dam and preweaning performance of progeny was high. It appeared that the quickest way to improve milk yield in beef cattle would be the introduction of breeds noted for high milk yield and by indirect selection, through selection of dams with progeny that have high average daily gain to weaning.

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