scholarly journals Моніторинг та оцінка м΄ясної худоби абердин-ангуської породи в Україні

2018 ◽  
pp. 127-131
Author(s):  
О. І. Колісник ◽  
В. Г. Прудніков ◽  
Ю. І. Криворучко
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Minimum Weight ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Native Breed ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Main Indicator ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
Breeding Farms

Проаналізовано загальну чисельність племінного поголів΄я, продуктивність м΄ясної худоби абердин-ангуської породи в Україні за період з 2014 по 2017 рік, а також кількість основних племзаводів та племрепродукторів з її розведення. Це дасть змогу вести і корегувати подальшу цілеспрямовану селекційно-племінну роботу з удосконалення та створення вітчизняної ангуської породи. As a result of the research, the issue of the number of breeding cattle of imported Aberdeen-Angus meat breed in Ukraine was studied. The number of breeding plants and breeding products, which specialize in its breeding, has been determined to date. The total number of Aberdeen- Angus in Ukraine in 2017 was 6.520 heads, including cows. At the same time, the number of livestock in both the breeding plants and the breeding farms decreased during the period under review. So, if the Aberdin population had 7649 animals in 2014, then in 2017 it was 6520. Accordingly, the number of enterprises where the cattle of this breed was bred decreased. The largest number of livestock is concentrated in OOO «Buffalo» in Volyn’ region – 1350 heads, including 625 cows. It should also be noted the negative trend of a decrease in both livestock and households. For example, in Zhytomyr region, where in 2015 there were 251 heads of aberdines, at present it is not cultivated by it. For four years out of 20 farms that specialized in this breed, there are 17 in 11 regions of Ukraine. It should be noted that there are areas that do not cultivate Aberdeen-Angus at all, although there are conditions for this. The main indicator of the meat productivity of beef cattle is the living weight. As a result of the analysis it was established that the maximum live weight of full-fat cows is 620 kg, and the minimum weight is 475 kg. In most farms specialize in the breeding of large-type Aberdeen-Angus, and in the rest – small type of British origin. The yield of calves per 100 cows ranges from 65 to 100 %. Live weight of calves at birth on average in Ukraine: heifers – 26.5 kg, bull-calves – 29.4 kg. It again confirms the fecundity of the Aberdeen-Angus. The average daily gain on the suckling is on the average 841 g, after weaning – 887 g. In the economy of beef cattle breeding, the milk of cows is important, on which the calves live after weaning at 7–8 months of age. Milk of cows is low and is in the range of 165–208 kg, which affects the calves' live weight at weaning and it is also a disadvantage of the breed. Given its heterogeneity in origin (British and American), productive indicators and existing shortcomings, a program was developed to create a consolidated competitive Ukrainian Angus meat breed. The program provides for the breeding of a new breed as a result of purebred breeding using rigid selection and selection. Today, work is actively being carried out to create it in Agro-Novoselivka 2009 agrofirm in Kharkiv region. The native breed is created in conditions of resource-saving technology, which in the technological process does not provide for the use of premises, that is, close to the natural conditions.

COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF UKRAINIAN GREY CATTLE AND SOME SPECIALIZED BEEF BREEDS BY ECONOMICALLY VALUABLE TRAITS

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 221-227
Author(s):  
Yu. M. Reznikova
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Beef Breed ◽  
Breeding Farms

For the last years significant reduction of breeding farms has led to decrease in the number of populations and these trends are particularly concerning beef livestock, competitiveness of which is lower compared with dairy cattle-breeding. There is observed to decrease not only number of indigenous populations, which aren’t able to compete on productivity, but also native specialized cattle. So, population of Ukrainian Beef breed declined 1,5 times (8 breeding farms, 2733 head, 1135 cows on January 1, 2010 vs. 3, 1824, 665 respectively on January 1, 2016), Polessian Beef breed – 2,2 times (27 breeding farms, 8904 head, 3705 cows on January 1, 2010 vs. 10, 4113, 2157 respectively on January 1, 2016), Ukrainian Grey – 1,2 times (4 breeding farms, 1075 head, 437 cows on January 1, 2010 vs. 2, 903, 341 respectively on January 1, 2016).The reality of the recent years indicates that some native beef cattle breeds can be considered as local and as needing conservation in the nearest future. Thereby, the aim of our work was to study dynamics of growth, productivity and reproductive ability of breeding stock of Ukrainian Grey breed compared with Ukrainian Beef, Polessian Beef having been created with its participation, and Blonde d'Aquitaine – a foreign specialized beef breed being bred under the same conditions. Materials and methods.The investigations were carried out at the herds of SE «Polyvanivka» Research Farm», Magdalynivka district, Dnipropetrovsk region and AF «Klen», Zhovkva district, Lviv region at breeding females of Ukrainian Grey (n = 279), Blonde d'Aquitaine (n = 42), Ukrainian Beef (n = 159) and Polessian Beef (n = 100) breeds. The indicators of growth rate, reproduction, and productivity were analysed based on data of zootechnical primary account registered at breeding farms. Results of research. Comparison of averages by a group found that the Ukrainian Grey animals were characterized by slightly lower figures of live weight at all the investigated ages. Under the same growing conditions, live weight of the Ukrainian Grey animals at the age of weaning was 14 kg (P < 0,001) less compared with the Ukrainian specialized beef breed (Ukrainian Beef) and by 19 kg (P < 0,001) less compared with the French specialized beef cattle (Blonde d'Aquitaine). The results are quite predictable that the indigenous breed isn’t able to compete with specialized beef cattle. The Ukrainian Grey animals were characterized by lower figures of average daily gain of live weight almost for all the investigated age periods with the greatest difference from birth to weaning – 56 g (P < 0,001) compared with Ukrainian Beef and 79 g (P < 0,001) compared with Blonde d'Aquitaine. The Ukrainian Grey heifers at the age from 1 to 2 years were characterized by almost the same growth rate as Ukrainian Beef and Polessian Beef contemporaries and predominated slightly over Blonde d'Aquitaine. The greatest difference was observed between milk ability of the Ukrainian Grey and Polessian Beef cows within 15-21 kg (P < 0,001). Predominance of cows of other studied breeds over Ukrainian Grey was 13 kg (P < 0,001) after the 1st calving, 14-19 kg (P < 0,001) after the 2nd calving and 11-15 kg (P < 0,001) after the 3rd calving. Reliable differences in calving interval weren’t revealed between Ukrainian Grey and Ukrainian Beef, Blonde d'Aquitaine (except for calving interval between the 1st-2nd calving). Comparative analysis of age repeatability of live weight revealed that gradual reduction of repeatability coefficient with each distance from the age of 210 days or 1 year was characterized for the animals, kept in "Polyvanivka" breeding farm. So, the highest age repeatability was observed at adjacent periods – 210 days-1 year, 2-3 years. Higher levels of age repeatability of live weight were found at the Polessian Beef and Blonde d'Aquitaine animals. The results of research of Ukrainian Grey cows’ productivity should not be assessed pessimistically, because productivity for indigenous and local breeds has never been the main traits in their preservation. It is studied to monitor their state. Conclusions. So, indigenous Ukrainian Grey cattle are inferior to all the investigated beef breeds by productivity that caused by its triple-purpose specialization with working ability at the first place in the past. The significant high and middle levels of age repeatability indicate the possibility of effective selection of Polessian Beef and Blonde d'Aquitaine heifers on live weight at weaning (210 days), whereas for Ukrainian Grey and Ukrainian Beef animals at 1-years’ age. No reliable correlation of live weight with milk ability was found at the Ukrainian Grey, Polessian Beef, and Blonde d'Aquitaine cows and inverse correlation of live weight at 4-years’ age with milk ability after the 2nd calving – at the Ukrainian Beef cows.

INFLUENCE OF HIGH-PROTEIN FEED ADDITIVE ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF THE MEAT BULL-CALVES

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Батырхан Абилов ◽  
Batyrkhan Abilov ◽  
Лариса Пашкова ◽  
Larisa Pashkova
Keyword(s):  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Agricultural Enterprise ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Economic Indices ◽  
High Level

The article presents the data obtained as a result of carrying by employees of the Research Institute of sheep and goat breeding, a branch of the FSBSI "North Caucasus FARC", the scientific and economic experience to study the efficiency of a new fodder additive "Organic" on the productive and physiological indices of bull-calves during the completion of growing in the conditions of the farm "Pata" agricultural enterprise in the Karachay-Cherkessia Republic. The statement of the experience and all researches were carried out according to generally accepted methods. In the course of the experiment, the following indices were studied: the chemical compound of forages, the dynamics of a live weight gain in the experimental stock, hematological parameters, control slaughter data, economic indices. Completed researches have shown positive result from the use of the fodder additive "Organic" in bull-calves diets: an increase in the average daily gain of live weight by 25%, a slaughter yield by 1% and a high level of profitability – 27%. Thus, the additional introduction of "Organic" in a diet of young horned cattle in the 2nd experimental group promoted more intensive metabolism, stabilization of a physiological state, increase in productivity and, as a consequence, profitability of beef production. Researches in this direction reveal the latent fodder reserves promoting increase in the productivity of agricultural animals.

scholarly journals Meat productivity of quails by feeding nanocrystalline cerium dioxide

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
V. Zotsenko ◽  
V. Bityutsky ◽  
D. Ostrovskiy ◽  
A. Andriichuk
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Cerium Dioxide ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Nanocrystalline Cerium Dioxide ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Edible Parts ◽  
Experimental Group

The use of nanomaterials in poultry farming has become increasingly popular as feed additives capable of increasing the productivity of the herd. Nanocrystalline cerium dioxide belongs to nanomaterials with a broad spectrum of activity. Owing to their oxygen non-stoichiometry and low toxicity, cerium dioxide nanoparticles are a very promising object for agriculture. The paper presents the results of studying the meat productivity of quails of the Pharaoh breed when drinking nanocrystalline cerium dioxide in the composition of the feed additive “Nanocerium”. The study was carried out on quails during the rearing period from 14 to 49 days. For the experiment, two groups (control and experimental) of 24 heads each were formed from one day old poultry. The quails were kept in a vivarium, in cage batteries, subject to the accepted microclimate conditions. Poultry of both groups received compound feed, developed taking into account age and physiological characteristics. With drinking water, the of the experimental group additionally received nanocrystalline cerium dioxide as part of the feed additive “Nanocerium” at a dose of 8,6 mg per liter of water for 35 days. The quail population was counted and weighed weekly, starting from the day-old age. The following indicators were determined: safety, dynamics of live weight, average daily gain in live weight. According to the results of the control slaughter and anatomical cutting, the weight of the carcass and the weight of the edible part were determined. Slaughter qualities and morphological composition of quail carcasses were determined by anatomical cutting with the measurement of the following parameters: pre-slaughter weight, half-battered carcass weight, carcass patrana, slaughter yield, weight of edible parts. Drinking the feed additive “Nanocerium” by young quails increased their safety by 4.17%, live weight and absolute average daily gain by 20.3 g and 0.48 g (P <0.05), respectively. The addition of NDC quails to drinking water contributed to an increase in their pre-slaughter weight by 19.3 g, half-gutted carcass by 18.0 g, and gutted by 17.5 g in comparison with the control group. The quail carcasses of the experimental group had a higher yield of edible parts in comparison with the poultry that consumed pure water. Key words: quail, nanocrystalline cerium dioxide, safety, body mass, gain, slaughter rates, output of edible part.

AGE DYNAMICS OF THE LIVE WEIGHT OF YOUNG YAKS OF THE ALTAI POPULATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
А.И. БАХТУШКИНА ◽  
В.Р. САИТОВ ◽  
М.М. САЛЬНИКОВА
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Vigorous Growth ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Daily Gain

Проведено изучение интенсивности роста молодняка яков алтайской популяции, характеризующегося энергичным ростом. Динамика роста молодняка яков изучена путем определения их живой массы в разные возрастные периоды: при рождении, в возрасте 7, 12, 18 мес. По результатам взвешиваний определен абсолютный прирост, абсолютный среднесуточный прирост живой массы, относительная скорость роста. В период от рождения до 7-месячного возраста, который совпал с летним периодом пастбищного сезона, живая масса бычков увеличилась на 131,4 кг, а телок — на 120,2 кг. Интенсивность роста составила соответственно 625,7 и 572,4 г, что свидетельствует о достаточно хорошей молочности маток. В зимний период (возраст молодняка — от 7 до 12 мес) интенсивность роста резко снизилась: живая масса бычков и телочек составила всего 161,3 и 143,7 кг, со среднесуточными приростами — 94 и 58 г соответственно. С началом вегетации пастбищных растений приросты молодняка по сравнению с зимним периодом резко увеличились. В возрасте от 12 до 18 мес они были равны: 476 г — у бычков и 439 г — у телочек. Общий прирост живой массы бычков за этот период составил 86 кг, у телочек — 79 кг. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о достаточно хорошем развитии молодняка яков алтайской популяции. The growth rate of young yaks of the Altai population, characterized by vigorous growth, was investigated. The growth dynamics of young yaks was studied by determining their live weight at different age periods – at birth and at the age of 7, 12, 18 months. According to the weighing results, the absolute gain, the absolute average daily gain in live weight, and the relative growth rate were determined. In the period from birth to 7 months of age, which coincided with the summer months of the pasture season, the live weight of bull calves increased by 131.4, and heifers — by 120.2 kg, i.e., the growth rate was 625.7 and 572.4 g, respectively, which characterizes a fairly good milk yield of cows. In the winter period (age from 7 to 12 months), the growth rate decreased sharply: the live weight of calves and calves was only 161.3 kg and 143.7 kg, with average daily gains of 94 and 58g, respectively. Subsequently, with the beginning of the growing season of pasture plants, the weight gain of young animals in comparison with the winter period increased sharply. At the age of 12 to 18 months they were equal: 476 g-for steers and 439 g-for heifers. The total increase in live weight of calves during this period was 86 kg, of heifers — 79 kg. The data obtained indicate a fairly good development of young yaks of the Altai population.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF «YANTOVET» ON THE MEAT PRODUCTIVITY OF RABBITS

2021 ◽  
Vol 246 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
S.P. Arkhipova ◽  
◽  
L.F. Yakupova ◽  
O.A. Gracheva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Study Drug ◽  
Entire Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Experimental Group

The introduction of «Yantovet» into the diet of rabbits at a dose of 0,33 ml per 1 kg of live weight has a stimulating effect on the intensity of their growth and productivity. By the end of the experiment, the live weight of the experimental group was higher than that of the control by 13 %. The average daily gain for the entire period of experiments in the experimental group exceeded the same indicator in the control by 38,7 %. The rabbits of the experimental group had a higher level of productivity, as the slaughter weight and slaughter yield of rabbit carcasses in the experimental group in relation to the control group were higher by 16,6 and 2,9 %. The study drug is recom-mended to be used in the diet of rabbits in the composition of drinking water.

scholarly journals Formation of meat productivity of Kazakh horses of the Adai offspring

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
M. T. Kargaeyeva ◽  
Yu. A. Yuldashbayev ◽  
K. Zh. Iskhan ◽  
O. Alikhanov ◽  
D. A. Baimukanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Horse Breeding ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Grass Stand ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
Daily Gain

Relevance. Herd horse breeding is the most ancient way of reproduction and maintenance of horses. The regularities of the growth and development of young animals largely depend on the genotype of the producers. Adai horses are bred in a herd way. Their well-being largely depends on natural and climatic conditions — the state of the weather, grass stand. The breeding zones of the Adai horse are the desert and semi-desert of the western region of Kazakhstan, characterized by a sharply continental climate.Methods. Experimental work was carried out at Taushyk LLP, Tupkaragan district, Mangistau region. The object of the study is pure-bred Kazakh horses of the Mangistau population and Adai offspring. According to scientific experience, two groups of 12 stallions were formed. Feeding qualities were assessed by the increase in live weight in young animals in the period from 24 to 30 months of age. Meat productivity was studied according to the methodology of the All-Russian Research Institute of Horse Breeding, in accordance with the technological instructions adopted in the meat industry.Results. It was found that the greatest increase in live weight in foals of Kazakh horses of the Adai offspring is observed from 3 days of age to 1 month and amounted to 42.9 kg with an average daily gain of 1530 g. For six months the increase in live weight was 84.1 kg, and average daily gain — 460 g. From 6 to 12 months of age the average daily gain in foals decreases to 126.9 g, due to the independent wintering of foals. From 18 to 24 months the minimum increase in live weight was recorded — 24.6 kg. From 24 to 30 months of age the average daily gains slightly increase — to 310 g. It has been established that the coefficient of increase in live weight in Kazakh horses in the conditions of the Mangyshlak Peninsula from birth to 24 months of age is 5.28–5.30, from 24 months. up to 30 months age — 0.51–0.52, from birth to 30 months of age — 8.54—8.56. It was found that the stallions of the Mangystau population exceeded their peers of the Adai offspring in terms of pre-slaughter live weight by 3.8 kg. In terms of slaughter yield stallions of the Adai offspring were inferior to their peers of the Mangistau population by 0.4%. The highest fat content in the meat of both groups is observed in the off-grade cut (kazy + sting) — from 16.0% to 16.4%. Comparatively little fat was contained in grade II meat — from 3.8% to 4.3% and grade III — from 2.3% to 2.7%.

scholarly journals SPENT GRAIN IN FEEDING YOUNG CATTLE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ж.С. Майорова ◽  
О.А. Федосова ◽  
Н.И. Торжков ◽  
Г.М. Туников ◽  
Е.Н. Правдина
Keyword(s):  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Cost Of Energy ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Spent Grain ◽  
Young Cattle ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Experimental Group

Статья отражает исследования по применению свежей пивной дробины в кормлении бычков на заключительном этапе откорма и сухой пивной дробины при выращивании ремонтных телок в возрасте 6-12 месяцев, которые показали ее положительное влияние на качество кормовых рационов и продуктивность животных. В основном рационе контрольных групп часть комбикорма заменяли пивной дробиной: при откорме бычков – 5 кг свежей дробины взамен 1 кг комбикорма, при выращивании телок – 0,5 кг сухой дробины взамен аналогичного количества комбикорма. За счет применения пивной дробины была повышена протеиновая ценность рационов и оптимизирован их микроминеральный состав, что способствовало активизации обмена веществ в организме животных и повышению их продуктивности. У бычков опытной группы живая масса в конце откорма и среднесуточный прирост были, соответственно, выше на 2,5 % и 7,4 %, нежели у контрольных животных. Данные показатели у телочек опытной группы были выше контрольных значений на 4,1 и 6,5 % соответственно. Затраты энергетических кормовых единиц на 1 кг прироста живой массы у животных опытных групп были ниже на 7,3-7,6 % в сравнении с контролем. Установлена экономическая целесообразность применения свежей и сухой пивной дробины в рационах молодняка крупного рогатого скота, так как за счет повышения интенсивности роста животных и значительной экономии зерновых кормов себестоимость 1 кг прироста живой массы, полученного на рационах с дробиной, была ниже на 6,2 % у телочек и на 10,4 % у бычков. The article reflects studies on the use of fresh spent grain when feeding bulls at the final stage of fattening and dry spent grain when growing replacement heifers aged 6-12 months, which showed its positive effect on the quality of feed rations and animal productivity. Part of the mixed fodder in the main diet of the control groups was replaced with spent grain. Bull calves got 5 kg of fresh spent grain instead of 1 kg of the mixed fodder and heifers got 0.5 kg of dry spent grain instead of the same amount of the mixed fodder. Thanks to pent grain, the protein value of diets was increased and their micro mineral composition was optimized, which contributed to the activation of metabolism in animals and increased their productivity. The live weight of the bulls of the experimental group at the end of the fattening was 2.5% higher than that in the control animals and the average daily gain was 7.4% higher. These indicators in the heifers of the experimental group were higher than the control values by 4.1% and 6.5%, respectively. The cost of energy feed units per 1 kg of increase in live weight in animals of the experimental groups was lower by 7.3-7.6%, compared with the control. The economic feasibility of using fresh and dry spent grain in the diets of young cattle was established, since due to an increase in the growth rate of animals and significant savings in grain feed, the cost of 1 kg of live weight gain obtained from rations with spent grain was 6.2% lower in heifers and 10.4% in bulls.

THE QUALITY OF THE MEAT OF THE ABERDEEN ANGUS BULL CALVES DEPENDING ON THE BODY TYPE

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
Д.Р. СМАКУЕВ ◽  
А.Ф. ШЕВХУЖЕВ ◽  
В.А. ПОГОДАЕВ
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Type ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Group I ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Meat Samples ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
Group Chemical

Проведен анализ качественных характеристик мясной продуктивности бычков абердин ангусской породы в зависимости от типов телосложения. Научно-хозяйственный опыт проводился в одном из хозяйств Карачаево-Черкесской Республики в 2020—2021 годах. Из потомства быков крупного (I группа) и мелкого типа (II группа) абердин ангусской породы было сформировано 2 группы по 14 голов. По окончании контрольного выращивания провели контрольный убой бычков в 18-месячном возрасте. Установлено, что бычки I группы достоверно (Р<0,01) превосходили по живой массе аналогов II группы. Молодняк I группы имел более высокую (на 31,4 кг) предубойную массу и более тяжелые туши по сравнению с бычками II группы на 28,3 кг (Р<0,01). По убойной массе бычки I группы превосходили сверстников II на 26,5 кг (Р<0,01), а по убойному выходу — соответственно на 1,98 абс.%. При обвалке молодняка I группы было получено мякоти больше на 9,9 кг (Р<0,01) по сравнению с данными по обвалке туш бычков II группы. Химический анализ различных проб мяса показал, что туши бычков I группы содержали несколько меньше жира по сравнению с тушами молодняка II группы, как общего количества в средних пробах, так и внутримышечного в пробах из мускулов. Различия между группами по другим показателям были незначительными. Наибольшее количество жира было в отрубах, дающих лучшие сорта мяса, — бедренном и спинно-грудном, несколько меньше содержалось в лопаточной части, дающей мясо второго сорта. По влагосвязывающей способности, цвету и нежности мяса различий между группами не обнаружено. The analysis of the qualitative characteristics of the meat productivity of the Aberdeen Angus bull calves, depending on the body types, is carried out. Scientific and economic experience was conducted in one of the farms of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic in 2020-2021. From the offspring of large (group I) and small type bulls (group II) of the Aberdeen Angus breed, 2 groups of 14 heads were formed. At the end of the control cultivation, a control slaughter of steers was carried out at the age of 18 months. It was found that the bulls of group I were significantly (P<0.01) superior in live weight to the analogues of group II. The young animals of group I had a higher pre-slaughter weight (by 31.4 kg) and heavier carcasses compared to the steers of group II by 28.3 kg (P<0.01). According to the slaughter weight, the bulls of the first group exceeded the peers of the second by 26.5 kg (P<0.01), and according to the slaughter yield — by 1.98 abs.%, respectively. When deboning young animals of the first group, more pulp was obtained by 9.9 kg (P<0.01) compared with the data on deboning the carcasses of bulls of the second group. Chemical analysis of various meat samples showed that the carcasses of group I steers contained slightly less fat compared to the carcasses of young animals of group II, both total in average samples and intramuscular in muscle samples. The differences between the groups on other indicators were insignificant. The greatest amount of fat was in the cuts that give the best varieties of meat — femoral and dorso-thoracic, slightly less was contained in the scapular part, which gives the second grade meat. No differences were found between the groups in terms of the moisture binding ability, color and tenderness of the meat.

scholarly journals FORMING ECONOMICALLY USEFUL TRAITS OF MEAT PRODUCTIVITY, INTRAMUSCULAR FATTING OF BULL-CALVES OF DIFFERENT GENOTYPES AND AT DIFFERENT AGE PERIOD

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 106-111
Author(s):  
N. I. Marchenko
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Back Muscle ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Meat Productivity

Introduction. In 1997, Valeriy P. Burkat proposed by one of the methodological and organizational approaches to creating Simmental Beef cattle, to launch a series of experiments to study effectiveness of Simmental crossing with other breeds and to study the best combination for interbreed industrial crossing. The studies of comparative determination of meat quality at crossing of Simmental with specialized beef breeds found that these hybrids were well fattening and they had highly meat productivity. The methods of studying fattening and meat qualities of cattle recommend to conduct slaughtering and processing animals at meat processing plants, because under these conditions the standards for assessing meat productivity of animals and quality of their carcasses can be followed exactly. Compliance with instructions, recommendation for processing animal carcasses under such conditions and obtaining research results will be comparable with the slaughter of animals of different breeds, because all technological methods and sampling are conducted by specialists. General rules for testing laboratories for determination of quality parameters of agricultural raw materials and products under market conditions require the following: availability of specialists, a plan of sampling and the fastest transportation of them to place of laboratory testing, determination of research methods and conducting specific research, identified according to program (task) with followed analysis. Materials and methods. Experimental samples were the longest back muscle sampled from refrigerated right half-carcasses of bull-calves at the age of 12 months and 16 months. The animals were obtained from Black-and-White cows (BW) and bulls of Ukrainian Beef (UB), Volyn Beef (VB), Polesian Beef (PB), Simmental (S) breeds, grown in "Polesia", Ovruch district, Zhytomyr region. The control slaughter of experimental animals, followed deboned half-carcasses, was conducted by experts of Ovruch slaughterhouse, Zhytomyr region. The samples of the longest back muscle were taken at 9-12 ribs of refrigerated half-carcasses of clinically healthy bull-calves. The samples of muscle were labelled and fixed in a 10% solution of neutral formalin, cross sections were obtained using freezing microtome, histological specimens were produced by the method of colouring the muscle fat, performing a series of research works to enhance and improve existing methods for obtaining excellent results. Microscopy, morphometry and microscopic photography of histological sections of the longest back muscle were carried out using biological research microscope (MBI-6), division of muscular fibers by their size was conducted via ocular grid. Analysis of research results was statistically processed on a PC. Results. Based on the results of the experiment the higher live weight before slaughter was at bull-calves obtained from crossing with Simmental and Polesian Beef bulls, 304 kg and 285 kg, respectively in these groups, which was 53 kg and 72 kg more compared with animals of the same age of Black-and-White dairy breed. It is obvious that the formation of meat productivity from early age is associated with belonging to breed, specific soil and climatic and economic conditions at that time. All the cross-breeds of the research groups had better live weight before slaughter and weight of pair and chilled carcasses. But the greatest bone weight had animals of the same age of two research groups – ½PB½BW and ½UB½BW, respectively 16,8 kg and 15,8 kg. It is because of blood of Charolais bulls and consolidated trait of angularity during the selection. The highest live weight before slaughter had half-blooded genotypes with Simmental and Polesian Beef – 354 and 343 kg; it was slightly below compared with the target breed standard. The largest weight of pair carcasses had genotypes ½S½BW and ½PM½BW – 194 ± 6,2 and 193 ± 5,0 kg, the highest meatiness index had Volyn Beef counterparts at the level of 4.3 units. Medium muscle fibers (21-40mkm) had the highest share, from 72.4 to 43.6%, at the investigated bull-calves at the age of 12 months. Morphological structure of muscle of bulls at 16 months of age showed that average diameter of fine fibers at the animals of meat productivity was greater – 18.1mkm in combination with Simmental, 18.3 and 18.5 mkm – with Ukrainian and Polesian Beef against 17,9 mkm – at the counterparts of Black-and-White breed. The share of fine fibers was very high (15.3%) at the bull-calves of genotype with Ukrainian Beef against 7.3% and 7.2% – with Polesian Beef and Simmental. Some fat deposition and the small number of fat cells, located mainly around blood vessels, were observed in the longest back muscle of Black-and-White dairy bull-calves at the age of 12 months. Such changes in the number of fibers and size of their diameters, to some extent, affect the quantitative (meatiness index) and qualitative (the number of intramuscular fat) productivity characteristics of the investigated animals. Conclusions. Trend towards more intense growth and accumulation of muscle and fat was revealed at the researched bull-calves of meat productivity. Formation of economically useful traits on meat productivity of bull-calves depends on age, breed, genotypic and phenotypic factors. The results of histological studies indicate that internal structure of the longest back muscle and the ratio of different types of muscle fibers (thin, medium, thick), show breed and age features of meat productivity formation at bull-calves.

scholarly journals Comparative characteristics of meat productivity of holstein and black-and-white breeds

2021 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 02018
Author(s):  
Ivan Tuzov ◽  
Nikolay Zabashta ◽  
Elena Kuleshova ◽  
Valentin Golovan ◽  
Irina Sinelshchikova
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Intensive Rearing ◽  
Holstein Bulls ◽  
Dairy Bulls ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
Positive Results

It was assumed that the industry of beef cattle breeding being created in the Krasnodar Territory would meet the needs of the population in beef. Due to the fact that there are not enough beef cattle, dairy bulls are raised and fattened. Positive results are obtained in the case when, along with an increase in the number of the fattened livestock of animals, their intensive rearing and feeding is introduced. In our studies, with intensive rearing and fattening of the Holstein and Black-and-White bull calves, for the entire 14-month period of growing and fattening, average daily gains were obtained at the level of 1200 g, and the gross weight gain was more than 500 kg. According to the results of the slaughter of experimental bulls at the age of 14 months, we found that the Holstein bulls reliably exceeded the black-and-white bulls of the same age in all the studied parameters.

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