Features of risk factors of development of the production caused pathology at workers of metallurgical production

2019 ◽  
pp. 926-930 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Vlasova ◽  
E. A. Polevaya ◽  
M. M. Poroshina ◽  
M. I. Tiunova ◽  
V. B. Alekseev
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hydrogen Chloride ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Working Life ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Respiratory Pathology ◽  
Chemical Factors

Introduction. The relevance of the study of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) as a production-related pathology in workers at industrial enterprises is due to the presence in the technological process of production factors (noise, general vibration, microclimate, severity of labor, chemical factors), potentially capable of provoking the development of CVD.The aim of the study was to assess respiratory and metabolic disorders, which are risk factors for CVD, in workers exposed to dust, chlorine and hydrogen chloride.Materials and methods. 139 patients working under the influence of dust, chlorine and hydrogen chloride were examined. Among the surveyed 74 women and 65 men. The comparison group (45 people) consisted of 20 women and 25 men who were not exposed to harmful factors of production during their working life.Results. In the group of workers exposed to occupational exposure to dust, chlorine and hydrochloride vapors, it was revealed that the proportion of workers with arterial hypertension was 33.3%, in the comparison group–17.6%, p<0.05 (RR 1.99; 95% CI 1.01–3.93; EF=47%; the degree of professional conditioning is average). The volume of forced exhalation per 1 second (FEV1) in the observation group was 3.18±0.14 l, and in the comparison group–4.1±0.20 l (p<0.001). The level of total cholesterol in the observation group was 5.72±0.13 mmol / l, and in the comparison group–5.16±0.23 mmol / l (p<0.05). The observation group showed a decrease in HDL (1.35±0.04 mmol / l vs. 1.64±0.10 mmol / l in the comparison group, p<0.05) and an increase in triglycerides (2.3±0.17 mmol/l versus 1.51±0.16 mmol/l in the comparison group, p<0.05).Conclusions. In the group of workers exposed to professional dust, chlorine and hydrochloride vapors, a decrease in the speed parameters of the external respiratory function, the development of proatherogenic metabolic disorders, and an increase in laboratory indicators of inflammation were revealed. These changes can lead to early manifestation of cardiovascular and respiratory pathology in this category of workers.

Arterial hypertension and cardiovascular risk factors in employees of underground mining ore minerals

2019 ◽  
pp. 945-949 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Baydina ◽  
N. V. Zaitseva ◽  
V. G. Kostarev ◽  
O. Yu. Ustinova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
Permanent Disability ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The wide spread of mining in Russia determines the high relevance of the preservation of labor resources in this industry, the prevention of occupational and production-related morbidity, reducing cases of temporary and permanent disability. Mine mining is characterized by the impact on workers of several nonspecific harmful (dangerous) factors: industrial noise, general and local vibration, the severity of labor, heating or cooling microclimate, low light. The impact of these factors predisposes to the development of pathology of the cardiovascular system.The aim of the study was to study the prevalence of hypertension among underground miners, clinical features and changes in the complex of biochemical risk factors for cardiovascular complications.Materials and methods. The observation group consisted of 98 employees of underground chrome ore mining. The comparison group (working in conditions outside the influence of the studied production factors) consisted of 75 employees of this enterprise. All employees surveyed are male. To study the impact of working conditions on the health of workers, workplaces with a characteristic set of harmful production factors (chrome, dust, noise, vibration, labor severity, labor intensity, cooling microclimate) and the same working modes (sliding three-shift schedule with a shift duration of eight hours) were selected. The study of laboratory parameters (markers of risk of cardiovascular disease) was performed by unified General clinical, biochemical and enzyme immunoassay methods.Results. In the group of underground miners, the prevalence of arterial hypertension was established (in 31.3% in the observation group and in 17.2% of the surveyed in the comparison group, p=0.042), which becomes statistically significant when the work experience is more than 10 years. The study established the clinical features of the anamnesis and objective status of employees of the mine for the extraction of chrome ore. The laboratory study in the group of miners revealed the presence of a number of paraclinic syndromes: systemic inflammation and immune activation syndrome, dyslipidemia syndrome, oxidative stress syndrome, hormonal profile disorder, renal dysfunction syndrome.Conclusions. Employees of underground mining of chrome ore are characterized by a high incidence of hypertension with experience of more than 10 years. The clinical and instrumental changes revealed in the work in the observation group give grounds for the development of directed preventive programs in this category of ore mine workers.

Assessment of cellular immunity in oil production operators with an imbalance of lipid metabolism

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 717-719
Author(s):  
Inga N. Alikina ◽  
Olga A. Kazakova
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Humoral Immunity ◽  
Cellular Immunity ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Cellular And Humoral Immunity ◽  
Atherosclerotic Process

Introduction. Studies indicate the high pathogenetic significance of the immune component in the development of atherosclerosis. The aim of the study is a comparative assessment of immunological parameters in workers of petrochemical production with varying degrees of imbalance in lipid metabolism and the development of the atherosclerotic process. Materials and methods. Men working at an oil production enterprise in the Perm Region were examined. The observation group consisted of oil production operators with a diagnosis of atherosclerosis, the comparison group - with dyslipidemia syndrome. To determine the parameters of lipid metabolism, the results of a biochemical blood test were used. CD-immunogram parameters were identified by flow cytometry. Specific antibodies to benzene were determined by the allergosorbent method. Results. The results of a comparative study of fat metabolism confirmed violations of the physiological ratio of lipids in the blood of oil production workers, which were expressed in a significant imbalance in the levels of lipidogram. There was an increased level of specific IgG antibodies to benzene in the observation group in relation to the comparison group. An imbalance of cellular immunity was found, which was characterized by signs of indicators activation of cellular differentiation clusters. Conclusions. Studies of immune system compartments demonstrate excessive activation of cellular and humoral immunity in oil production workers under the influence of a combination of harmful production factors. The simultaneously formed imbalance of lipid metabolism is associated with various degrees of clinical manifestation of atherosclerotic disorders, with the influence of harmful production factors, aggressiveness of cellular and humoral immunity, and smoking.

Optimization of diagnostic system of hand diseases in employees working under combined effects of vibration and physical overloads

2019 ◽  
pp. 950-955
Author(s):  
M. M. Poroshina ◽  
E. M. Vlasova ◽  
A. Ya. Perevalov
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Diagnostic System ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Special Assessment

The results of research carried out by theFederalScientificCenterfor Medical and Preventive Technologies of Public Health Risk Management Technologies for the period 2013–2018 showed that diseases associated with the combined effects of vibration and physical overload, employees of hazardous industries develop with experience of 15 years or more. The risk group is women older than 35 years and men older than 40 years. Pathology at the stage of detailed clinical manifestations is characterized by persistent pain syndrome, and, as a consequence, a decrease in the ability to work of workers.The aim of the study was to optimize the system of diagnosis of hand diseases in workers of industrial enterprises engaged in labor activities under the combined effects of vibration and physical overload, for the development of primary prevention programs.The observation group consisted of 32 employees aged 39.3±4.3 years, with an experience of 17.4±4.3 years; the comparison group consisted of 30 employees whose working conditions are not related to the studied factors; the average age was 40.6±3.4 years, experience was 19.1±3.1 years. The examination included analysis of the results of a special assessment of working conditions; assessment of neurological status; functional tests; laboratory studies (assessment of inflammation), hand dynamometry, stimulation electroneuromyography; x-rays of the hands and wrist joints, ultrasound examination of the hands.More than half of the surveyed persons of the observation group and 3/4 of the workers of the comparison group did not make complaints. Indicators of dynamometry of workers in both groups corresponded to physiological norm (p>0.05). Analysis of the results of dynamometer with data from previous years of PMO showed a decrease in strength of muscles of the hand leading hands on 2je,0–16. 7% and from 83.3% of the employees of the monitoring group and in 44.4% of the comparison group (p<0.05), in 50 % of the cases there was a decrease in the percentage of changes in the hand force variation (HFV) in the observation group, and in 38.9% of the cases the indicators remained unchanged. According to ultrasound of the hands, signs of tendinopathy were established in 85% of the employees of the observation group in the absence of persons with similar changes in the comparison group.In order to optimize the diagnosis of diseases of the hand in industrial workers who carry out their work under the combined effects of vibration and physical overload, in the case of a decrease in the rate of carpal dynamometry by 5% or more during the year, it is recommended to conduct ultrasound of the tendon-ligamentous apparatus of the hand, which will allow timely identification of early signs of tendinopathy.

scholarly journals Features of metabolic disorders in chromium mine workers

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (10) ◽  
pp. 1095-1102
Author(s):  
Nina V. Zaitseva ◽  
Vitalii G. Kostarev ◽  
Konstantin P. Luzhetskiy ◽  
Alexander E. Nosov ◽  
Olga Yu. Ustinova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Visceral Obesity ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
Accumulation Coefficient ◽  
Noise Vibration ◽  
Metabolic Indices

Introduction. Working conditions, clinical and laboratory status of 236 workers of a chromium mine were investigated. Materials and methods. The observation group included 162 underground employees working in conditions of the combined impact of negative occupational factors (dust, noise, vibration, tension and severity there, cooling microclimate) - class 3.3-3.4. The comparison group included 74 mine employees working in acceptable working conditions - class 2. Results. In the observation group, the pathology of the cardiovascular and endocrine system (ICD-10: I00-I99, E00-E07) was detected 2.8-3.3 times more often (p = 0.001-0.02), the relative risk of disease formation was 2.7-3.2 times higher than in the comparison group (RR = 2.7-3.2; DI = 1.44-9.2; p = 0.001-0.02). Under the conditions of the combined effect of negative production factors, as features of metabolic disorders, it was noted that the most unfavourable - abdominal form of obesity was diagnosed 1.4 times more often (42.0%, p = 0.013), the atherogenic index was 1.2 times higher, and the level HDL is 1.2 times lower than in the comparison group (p = 0.017-0.047); “Metabolic indices” - lipid accumulation coefficient (LAP) and visceral obesity index (VAI) were 1.2-1.4 times higher than the values in the comparison group (p = 0.001-0.048). Conclusions. To implement a complex of medical and preventive measures aimed at increasing life expectancy and working longevity, early prevention of CVD, including among those working in the extraction of chrome ore, it is advisable to consider the introduction of the calculation of early markers of metabolic disorders - VAI and LAP indices in the medical examination programs.

scholarly journals SCIENTIFIC AND METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO CONDUCTING THE RESEARCH FOR COMMUNICATION OF HEALTH INFRINGEMENT WITH THE MULTI-MEDICAL INFLUENCE OF CHEMICAL FACTORS IN THE ZONE OF INFLUENCE OF ENTERPRISES ON PRODUCTION OF ALUMINUM AND PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY

2017 ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
N.V. Zaitseva ◽  
М.А. Zemlyanova ◽  
A.N. Perezhogin ◽  
I.G. Zhdanova-Zaplesvichko
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Pulp And Paper Industry ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Zone Of Influence ◽  
Chemical Factors ◽  
The Impact

The scientific-methodical and practical approaches to the organization and conduct of medical and biological research for establishing the connection between health disorders of the population and the multi-media impact of chemical factors in the zone of influence of industrial enterprises are presented. The order, methods, volume and the list of researches and the experts involved for the decision of tasks in view are stated. The algorithm of actions is presented on the example of the assessment of the impact of chemical risk factors associated with the economic activities of enterprises producing aluminum and the pulp and paper industry. The results of the hygienic assessment of the situation and the proven cause-effect relationships in the «environment – health» system at the population and individual level are the basis for making managerial decisions and developing hygienic recommendations for managing the health risk of the population, additional medical preventive measures for technologies that take into account the specific effects of priority сhemical risk factors.

Changes in biochemical parameters in workers exposed to chemical production factors (heptane and hexane)

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 379-384
Author(s):  
Marina A. Zemlyanova ◽  
Juliya V. Koldibekova ◽  
Ekaterina V. Peskova ◽  
Victor M. Ukhabov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
Chemical Production ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Nasal Secretions

Introduction. Long-term constant exposure to certain representatives of aliphatic hydrocarbons during the extraction and processing of potash ore can lead to pathological changes on critical organs and systems in production workers. The study aims to evaluate the change in biochemical parameters in workers exposed to chemical production factors (heptane and hexane). Materials and methods. The study of the content of hexane, heptane in the air of the working area and the urine of workers, the establishment of changes in several biochemical (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, glutamyltransferase, epinephrine, and norepinephrine) and general clinical (eosinophils, neutrophils and the eosinophilia index) indicators, modeling of cause-and-effect relationships. Results. Specialists found in the observation group relative to the comparison group: increased levels of heptane and hexane in the urine up to 1.7 times; increased levels of adrenaline and norepinephrine in the blood plasma up to 1.8 times, up to 1.4 times ALAT and γ-GT in the blood serum, up to 1.9 times neutrophils in the nasal secretions associated with increased concentrations of heptane and hexane in the urine; an increase of up to 4.4 times in the frequency of diseases of the nervous system, respiratory organs, and digestion. Conclusions. In the air of the working area of the workers of the flotation shop of the sylvinite processing plant, the concentrations of the studied limit hydrocarbons were below the detection limit; there is an increased concentration of heptane and hexane in the urine. In the workers of the studied production, an increase of 1.4-1.8 times in the level of adrenaline and norepinephrine in blood plasma, 1.2-1.4 times in ALAT and γ-GT in blood serum, 1.9 times in the content of neutrophils in nasal secretions, which characterizes adverse effects from the respiratory, digestive and nervous systems. We proved the dependence of the increased frequency of diseases of the listed organs and systems on the increased concentration of heptane in the urine (R2=0.26-0.43; p=0.0001-0.028).

Current state and main directions of preservation and strengthening of health of the working population of Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 527-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. V. Bukhtiyarov
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Working Population ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
The Past ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article presents the results of the analysis of health, working conditions and prevalence of adverse production factors, the structure of the detected occupational pathology in the working population of the Russian Federation. The article presents Statistical data on the dynamics of the share of workplaces of industrial enterprises that do not meet hygienic standards, occupational morbidity in 2015-2018 for the main groups of adverse factors of the production environment and the labor process. The indicators of occupational morbidity over the past 6 years in the context of the main types of economic activity, individual subjects of the Russian Federation, classes of working conditions, levels of specialized occupational health care. The role of the research Institute of occupational pathology and occupational pathology centers in solving organizational, methodological and practical tasks for the detection, treatment, rehabilitation and prevention of occupational diseases is shown. The basic directions of activity in the field of preservation and strengthening of health of workers, and also safety at a workplace are defined.

Insulin Resistance and Glucose Homeostasis in Peritoneal Dialysis

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 145-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Cezar Fortes ◽  
Thyago Proença de Moraes ◽  
Jamille Godoy Mendes ◽  
Andrea E. Stinghen ◽  
Silvia Carreira Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Patient Survival ◽  
Metabolic Abnormalities ◽  
Dialysis Fluid ◽  
Altered Glucose ◽  
Insulin Homeostasis ◽  
Therapeutic Measures

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the main cause of death in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients, a situation that can be explained by a combination of traditional and nontraditional risk factors for CVD in these patients. Glucose and insulin homeostasis are altered in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients even in the early stages of CKD, leading to insulin resistance by various pathways. Several factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance, including anemia, dyslipidemia, uremia, malnutrition, excess of parathyroid hormone, vitamin D deficiency, metabolic acidosis, and increase in plasma free fatty acids and proinflammatory cytokines. Insulin resistance and dyslipidemia are observed and increase with the progression of CKD, playing an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension and atherosclerosis. Particularly in PD patients, exposure to glucose from dialysis fluid accentuates the foregoing metabolic abnormalities. In conclusion, insulin resistance and altered glucose metabolism are frequently observed in CKD, and although dialysis partly corrects those disturbances, the use of glucose PD solutions intensifies a series of harmful metabolic consequences. New therapeutic measures aimed at reducing metabolic disorders are urgently needed and perhaps will improve PD patient survival.

Features of the long-term dynamics of heart rate variability among workers of a potash ore processing enterprise

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
pp. 442-450
Author(s):  
Alexandr E. Nosov ◽  
Nina V. Zaitseva ◽  
Vitalii G. Kostarev ◽  
Julia A. Ivashova ◽  
Maksim A. Savinkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
Ore Processing ◽  
Processing Enterprise

Introduction. Currently, the violation of heart rate variability as one of the main pathogenetic mechanisms of the damaging effect of pollutants, associated effects on the cardiovascular system. The study aims to explore the dynamics of the influence of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) on heart rate variability (HRV) in workers of a potassium ore processing enterprise exposed to industrial pollutants (fine fractions of potassium chloride dust, formaldehyde, hexane, heptane) with an assessment of changes in dependence from work experience, establishment of cause-and-effect relationships of violations of heart rate variability with exposure to chemical compounds. Materials and methods. The object of the study was 140 employees of a potash ore processing enterprise, assigned to the observation group, and 76 employees of the administrative and technical apparatus, who made up the comparison group. Samples were taken from the air of the working medium for the content of saturated hydrocarbons (hexane, heptane), the vapors of formhehyde were considered, and the presence of fine particles PM2.5 and PM10 was established. Investigation of biological media (blood, urine) of workers at the enterprise determination of formaldehyde in blood, hexane and heptane in urine. Evaluation of heart rate variability was carried out on a computer electrocardiograph "Poli-Spectr-8/EX" using a cardiorhythmographic program using the method of time analysis, variation pulsometry and spectral analysis. Results. The concentration of fine particles in the air at the workplaces of the observation group was 12-111 times higher for PM2.5, and 5.6-74.6 times higher for PM10 than for the work places of the comparison group. The concentration of formaldehyde, hexane and heptane in the air did not exceed hygienic standards. In the observation group relative to the comparison group, formaldehyde blood was 1.5 times (p<0.001), in the urine of hexane - 1.2 times (p=0.011), heptane - 1.3 times (p=0.046). It was found that with an experience of up to 10 years, formaldehyde in the blood of workers in the observation group was 1.4 times higher than that in the comparison group (p=0.011), with an experience of more than 10 years - 1.7 times (p=0.005). In the urine of workers in the observation group with work experience of up to 10 years, an excess of 1.3 (p=0.026) relative to the comparison group of hexane was found. HRV data analysis. With damage to the length of service in the observation group, there was a significant decrease in the temporal analysis indicators (SDNN, ms, RMSSD, ms, pNN50, %, CV, %), while in the comparison group, only the CV, % decrease was statistically significant; the values of IN conventional units, AMo, % significantly increased (p=0.03 and p=0.003, respectively). A statistically significant relationship was established between the likelihood of an increase depending on the content of heptane in urine (b0=0.22; b1=10.6; F=21.5; R2=0.09; p=0.0001) and formaldehyde in the blood (b0=0.02; b1=6.55; F=69.6; R2=0.25; p=0.0001) in the surveyed workers. Conclusions. Activation of central ergotropic and humoral-metabolic mechanisms, a tendency towards a decrease in parasympathetic influences. The method of logistic regression analysis established a statistically significant relationship between the probability of an increase in the stress index depending on the heptane content in the blood of the surveyed suppliers.

ON THE PATHOGENESIS OF GASTRODUODENAL ZONE LESIONS IN VARIOUS VARIANTS OF DRUG THERAPY FOR OCCUPATIONAL RESPIRATORY DISEASES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.V. Sheenkova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Pharmacological Therapy ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Duodenal Lesions ◽  
Respiratory Pathology ◽  
Gastroduodenal Zone ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Abstract. A survey of workers of large industrial enterprises with occupational diseases of the respiratory system was conducted to assess the dependence of the risk of damage to the upper gastrointestinal tract on the features of pharmacological therapy of respiratory pathology. The specificity of the pathogenesis of gastric and duodenal lesions associated with the properties of drug treatment of occupational respiratory diseases was revealed.

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