scholarly journals CONTENT AND DISTRIBUTION FEATURES OF MANGANESE, NICKEL IN ORGANS IN HEALTHY AND WEAKENED BALSAM POPLAR TREES (POPULUS BALSAMIFERA L.)

ÈKOBIOTEH ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 488-496
Author(s):  
R.Kh. Giniyatullin ◽  
◽  
E.A. Emshina ◽  
I.I. Fayruzov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Populus Balsamifera ◽  
Balsam Poplar ◽  
Poplar Trees ◽  
Distribution Features ◽  
Vital State ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Absorbing Roots

The work presents the results of many years of research on the assessment of the vital state, accumulation and distribution of manganese, nickel in absorbing, semiskeletal, skeletal roots and in the aerial, organs in healthy and weakened balsamic poplar trees (Populus balsamifera L.) under the conditions of the Sterlitamak industrial centre. It was found that under the influence of heavy metals under pollution conditions at a depth of 0 - 10 (20) cm, the proportion of absorbing roots of balsamic poplar decreases in comparison with the control. It was revealed that under the conditions of the Sterlitamsk industrial centre, high concentrations of Ni and other metals in soils reduce the supply of Mn to plants. The high content of Ni and other metals in soils under the balsamic poplar stands negatively affects the vital state of trees and leads to a decrease in absorbing roots.

scholarly journals SANITARY AND PROTECTIVE LARIX SUKACZEWII DYL. STAND IN THE POLLUTION CONDITIONS OF THE STERLITAMAK INDUSTRIAL CENTER: STATUS AND PECULIARITIES OF ACCUMULATION OF HEAVY METAL

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (9) ◽  
pp. 819-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafak Kh. Giniyatullin ◽  
A. A. Kulagin ◽  
G. A. Zaitsev ◽  
Z. B. Baktybaeva
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Tree Crown ◽  
Control Zone ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Vital State ◽  
Industrial Center ◽  
Copper Lead ◽  
Absorbing Roots

Introduction. Materials on the distribution of heavy metals in the organs of Larix sukaczewii Dyl are presented in the conditions of the pollution of the industrial center of Sterlitamak. Material and methods. Using the atomic absorption method, the content of copper, lead, and cadmium in the soil cover, needles, branches, and roots was determined in healthy and weakened larch trees. Results. Under conditions of the industrial pollution, the relative life condition of larch stands is estimated as «weakened» (LN = 74.25%), in the control zone as «healthy» (LN = 84.75%). Weakened trees with increasing metal concentrations in soils and roots show an increase in the concentration of metals in the aerial organs, and in healthy trees, it is more deposited in the roots. Discussion. The high content of heavy metals in the soil leads to a redistribution of the root-saturation of the soil with absorbing roots, which is manifested in a decrease in the biomass of the roots in the upper, most contaminated soil layers, and also negatively affects the vital state of the trees by decreasing the density of the tree crown and increasing the share of dead and dying branches on the trunks. Conclusion. Under conditions of contamination, larch is able to actively absorb and deposit a significant amount of Cu, Cd, and Pb, thereby limiting their distribution in the environment.

scholarly journals Assessment of the condition of Balsam poplar trees (Populus balsamifera L.) in a residental area of Bratsk

2021 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Elena Runova ◽  
Vasilij Verkhoturov ◽  
Lyudmila Anoshkina ◽  
Ivan Garus
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Urban Trees ◽  
Populus Balsamifera ◽  
Assessment Data ◽  
Balsam Poplar ◽  
Instrumental Assessment ◽  
Poplar Trees ◽  
The City

In this study, we investigated the health status of balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera L.) trees in a residential area of the city of Bratsk (Irkutsk Oblast, Russia). Visual and instrumental assessment of the health status of pruned and unpruned trees was performed. The identified internal defects in the tree were analyzed with a Resistograph device, which enabled the extent of decayed wood to be determined. Visual analysis revealed various types of damage: dried branches, brittle crowns, frost cracks, mechanical damage, curvature of trunks, decay and inclusions of foreign bodies. We compared trees with and without canopy pruning. We found that pruned trees were significantly more damaged than non-pruned trees. Decomposing wood at different stages of development was found in all the trees studied. A tree passport combining the visual and instrumental assessment data was compiled for each tree. The results of the research were used to formulate conclusions and recommendations for improving the management of urban trees in order to restore their ecological and aesthetic functions.

scholarly journals Spatial Variation of Water Chemistry in Aries River Catchment Western Romania

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 6592
Author(s):  
Ana Moldovan ◽  
Maria-Alexandra Hoaghia ◽  
Anamaria Iulia Török ◽  
Marius Roman ◽  
Ionut Cornel Mirea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Chemistry ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Pollution Indices ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
River Catchment ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to investigate the quality and vulnerability of surface water (Aries River catchment) in order to identify the impact of past mining activities. For this purpose, the pollution and water quality indices, Piper and Durov plots, as well vulnerability modeling maps were used. The obtained results indicate that the water samples were contaminated with As, Fe, Mn, Pb and have relatively high concentrations of SO42−, HCO3−, TDS, Ca, K, Mg and high values for the electrical conductivity. Possible sources of the high content of chemicals could be the natural processes or the inputs of the mine drainage. Generally, according to the pollution indices, which were correlated to high concentrations of heavy metals, especially with Pb, Fe and Mn, the water samples were characterized by heavy metals pollution. The water quality index classified the studied water samples into five different classes of quality, namely: unsuitable for drinking, poor, medium, good and excellent quality. Similarly, medium, high and very high vulnerability classes were observed. The Durov and Piper plots classified the waters into Mg-HCO3− and Ca-Cl− types. The past and present mining activities clearly change the water chemistry and alter the quality of the Aries River, with the water requiring specific treatments before use.

scholarly journals Use of Post-Extraction Fir Wood Greenery Residues by the Bioconversion Method with the Production of Feed Additives

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 272
Author(s):  
Olga O. Mamaeva ◽  
Elena V. Isaeva
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Maximum Permissible Concentration ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Pleurotus Pulmonarius ◽  
Balsam Poplar ◽  
Fallen Leaves ◽  
Protein Feed

The effectiveness of forest resources depends on the comprehensiveness and rationality of their consumption and processing into finished products. This article discusses the problem of using solid fir wood greenery residues generated during the industrial production of essential oils. Bioconversion is considered to be the most promising use. The objective of this research was to study the chemical composition of bioconversion products of fir wood greenery-based substrates. The РР-3.2 strain of Pleurotus pulmonarius (Fr.) Quél was used as a biodestructor. In the process of bioconversion, the contents of polysaccharides and lignin substances is reduced to 38% and 28%, respectively. Up to 20% of protein accumulates in bioconversion products of fir wood greenery. The amount of nucleic acids is not more than 1.5 g per kg; the contents of heavy metals, such as mercury, cadmium, arsenic, and lead, do not exceed the maximum permissible concentration standards. The substrate weight loss reaches 15%. When fallen leaves and post-extraction poplar bud residues are added to the substrate, the substrate-destroying activity of fungi increases, and the protein content increases by 3%. The digestibility of products as a result of bioconversion increases 1.6–2.8 times depending on the substrate composition. The obtained data support the recommendation of post-fermented substrates based on fir wood greenery and balsam poplar biomass for use as a protein feed additive.

scholarly journals Chemical composition of leaves of a mangrove tree (Sonneratia apetala Buch.-Ham.) and their correlation with some soil variables

1970 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashafaque Ahmed ◽  
Mikael Ohlson ◽  
Sirajul Hoque ◽  
Md Golam Moula
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Sonneratia Apetala ◽  
Mangrove Tree ◽  
Soil Variables ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Concentrations

Chemical composition of leaves of Sonneratia apetala Buch.-Ham. collected from three islands (chars) representing three hydrological regimes in a segment of the coastal zone of Bangladesh was studied. Their relations to some soil chemical and physical variables have also been investigated. The results showed that concentrations of B, C, Fe, Ga, Li, Mg, Mn, N, Na, P, Zn and Sr in leaves of S. apetala grown in different islands differed significantly. It was also revealed that some heavy metals, viz. Mn, Fe, Al, Sr and Ti showed wide range of concentrations. The leaves from one of the locations in Motherbunia island were characterized by exceptional high concentrations of heavy metals such as Al, As, Cu, Fe, Li, Ni, Pb that may be due to local contamination. Leaves sampled in the most seaward locations of the same island had highest concentrations of Ba, Ca, Cu, Mn and Na. High Mn concentration was found in the leaves of S. apetala of Motherbunia island. Correlations among soil and plant samples were generally very weak and organic matter content of soil did not appear to play a significant role in the nutrient supply of S. apetala. Key words: Coastal zone; tidal inundation; elemental concentration; Sonneratia apetala DOI: 10.3329/bjb.v39i1.5528Bangladesh J. Bot. 39(1): 61-69, 2010 (June)

scholarly journals Metallothionein and Glutathione Content as Biomarkers of Metal Pollution in Mussels and Local Fishermen in Abu Qir Bay, Egypt

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 50-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aziza A. Saad ◽  
Amany El-Sikaily ◽  
Hany Kassem
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Industrial Workers ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Abu Qir Bay

Background. When heavy metals accumulate in air, soil, and water, the risk of human exposure increases among industrial workers, as well as in people living near polluted areas. Heavy metals adversely affect a variety of bodily systems such as the cardiovascular, respiratory, endocrine, immune, and reproductive systems. In addition, long-term exposure and accumulation of heavy metals in the body may disturb oxidative stress genes and thus increase the susceptibility to various diseases. Objectives. The aim of this study is to estimate the metallothionein concentration in both mussel samples from Abu Qir Bay, Egypt and the blood of local fishermen as a biomarker of exposure to metal pollution. Methods. Levels of metallothionein and heavy metals were measured in mussels. Blood levels of metallothionein and heavy metals of local fishermen were measured and compared with a control group. The effect of heavy metal exposure on oxidative stress status was investigated through the determination of malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase and glutathione content. Results. The results of this study showed high concentrations of metallothionein in mussels and in fishermen's blood, accompanied by high concentrations of metals such as cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), and zinc (Zn). At the same time, a significant decrease in glutathione content and catalase enzyme activity was associated with a significant increase in the malondialdehyde concentrations in sera of fishermen. Conclusions. The present study found that the El Maadiya region is polluted with heavy metals, inducing oxidative stress in fishermen in the vicinity. These results reveal the necessity of further environmental monitoring in the study area in order to evaluate other types of pollutants and their effects on human health.

scholarly journals CHARACTERISTICS OF LEACHATE AT IHIAGWA DUMPSITE, IMO STATE NIGERIA AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR SURFACE WATER POLLUTION

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
CT Nelson ◽  
GT Amangabara ◽  
CO Owuama ◽  
CN Nzeh ◽  
CN Uyo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Landfill Leachates ◽  
Total Chloride ◽  
Metal Cyanide ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid

Open dumpsite is the most common way to eliminate solid urban wastes in this part of the world. An important problem associated to landfills and open dumpsite is the production of leachates. The leachates from these dumpsites have many toxic substances, which may adversely affect the environmental health. Thus in order to have a better management of characteristics of Ihiagwa-Nekede waste dump leachates, representative leachate samples were collected and analyzed for Physico-chemical properties and levels of heavy metals in them. Results indicate pH7.38, temperature 28.30 ℃ - 28.40℃, total dissolved solid 124.01mg/l-125.45mg/l, magnesium hardness 4.40mg/l-7.32mg/l, sulphate 3.60mg/l-3.70mg/l, and nitrate 27.00mg/l-27.60mg/l. Other parameters indicated as follows Conductivity1910𝜇𝑠/𝑐𝑚-1930.00 𝜇𝑠/𝑐𝑚, total chloride 891.72mg/l-891.74mg/l, carbonate 1708.00mg/l-1904.00mg/l, Ammonia 9.39mg/l-9.40mg/l, calcium hardness 373.17mg/l-375.61mg/l, total solid 2423.00mg/l-2454.00mg/l, phosphate 13.52mg/l-13.54mg/l. The heavy metal: cyanide 2.25mg/l-2.33mg/l, zinc 18.08mg/l-18.38mg/l, copper 19.90mg/l20.48mg/l, iron10.67mg/l-10.82mg/l, lead 1.27mg/l-1.41mg/l, and manganese 3.00mg/l-3.61mg/l, all these exceeded the WHO standards. The obtained results showed that the landfill leachates are characterized by high concentrations of heavy metals and other disease causing elements and therefore require urgent treatment to forestall the contamination of groundwater system and the nearby Otamiri River.

scholarly journals Climate-driven local adaptation of ecophysiology and phenology in balsam poplar, Populus balsamifera L. (Salicaceae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen R. Keller ◽  
Raju Y. Soolanayakanahally ◽  
Robert D. Guy ◽  
Salim N. Silim ◽  
Matthew S. Olson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Populus Balsamifera ◽  
Balsam Poplar

Effects of balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera) tannins and low molecular weight phenolics on microbial activity in taiga floodplain soil: implications for changes in N cycling during succession

1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua P. Schimel ◽  
Keith Van Cleve ◽  
Rex G. Cates ◽  
Thomas P. Clausen ◽  
Paul B. Reichardt
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Secondary Compounds ◽  
N Cycling ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
N Fixation ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Populus Balsamifera ◽  
Floodplain Soil ◽  
Balsam Poplar ◽  
River Floodplains

The transition from alder (Alnus tenuifolia) to balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera) is a critical turning point in primary succession on river floodplains in interior Alaska. Associated with the change in plant species are large changes in N cycling. N-fixation and nitrification decrease and the system becomes N-limited, with NH4+ dominating the inorganic N pool. Balsam poplar leaves contain large quantities of tannins and low molecular weight phenolic compounds. We evaluated the effect of these compounds on microbial respiration and N cycling in laboratory assays on soils from an alder-dominated site. Plant compounds were purified and applied to silica gel as an inert carrier. Both tannins and phenolics caused net N-immobilization over a 30-day assay. However, tannins inhibited respiration while phenolics stimulated it. There were no specific effects on nitrification. Thus, tannins acted as a general microbial inhibitor, while phenolics acted as a growth substrate. By inhibiting mineralization while stimulating immobilization, poplar secondary compounds may reduce soil N-availability during the transition betwen alder and poplar stages in succession. Keywords: respiration, mineralization, tannins, secondary chemicals, succession, plant–microbe interactions.

Heavy metals in deltaic sediments of the Fraser River, British Columbia

1976 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 1683-1693 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Grieve ◽  
W. K. Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Close Relationships ◽  
Fraser River ◽  
Sand Content ◽  
Sediment Texture ◽  
Delta Front ◽  
Fraser River Delta ◽  
Mn Content ◽  
High Concentrations

Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn, together with sand content and loss of ignition, have been determined for surflcial sediments from the Fraser River delta-front and upper foreslope. Both geochemical maps and statistical analysis disclose close relationships between trace-metal concentrations, sediment texture, and Fe and Mn content. Detailed studies of the distribution of labile and non-labile trace metals within sediments indicate that these relationships reflect increased concentrations of trace metals associated with both the detrital minerals and hydrous Fe oxides coatings in the finer fractions of the sediment. Abnormally high concentrations of labile trace metals are found on the tidal flats at two stations influenced by discharge of metal-rich sewage.

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