scholarly journals Competências dos Profissionais da Informação relacionadas à inovação a partir da produção científica

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila Machado Borges Sena ◽  
Ana Paula Alves Soares ◽  
José Antonio Moreiro González ◽  
Ursula Blattmann
Keyword(s):  
Information Science ◽  
Scientific Production ◽  
University Education ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Library Management ◽  
The Face ◽  
Information Professionals ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
The Individual

Reflecting on the competences of information professionals before the reality of the constant technological innovations of the 21st century becomes paramount, since when they are not included in conventional information units (archives, libraries and museums), they are in organizations that understand the information and knowledge as an essential subsidy for achieving economic and social prominence. In line with the thematic line "5 University education in information and documentation: evaluation, innovation and future horizons", this paper aimed to investigate the scientific production about the competencies of information professionals related to innovation. The research was carried out from the scientific production in Information Science in the Web of Science (WoS), Scopus, Library, Information Science & Technology Abstracts (LISTA), Library and Information Science Abstracts (LISA) databases. A descriptive exploratory research was carried out, starting from a bibliometric study of the data recovered in these international databases. The analysis portfolio consisted of 73 articles. In this way, we examined the authors with the highest number of publications, the ranking of scientific journals, the number of publications per year and the most cited articles. In relation to the journals that appear with the largest number of articles published, it is verified that the Library Review, New Library World and Library Management were the ones that appeared with publications between five and eight. Regarding the focus and scope of the periodicals, these were mostly about Librarianship, Information Science and Information and Communication Technology. As for the publication years, 2017 was the year with the highest number (20) of publications, followed by the years 2016 (12), 2015 and 2014 (9), and 2012 (1). As for the articles with the greatest number of citations, eight stood out for having between 49 and 96 citations. Their themes to some extent focused on the effect of technological innovations on the competences to be developed by information professionals, knowledge management, the importance of the individual and their informational needs, and the international and intercultural opportunities related to the curricula of Librarianship and Science of Information. It was verified that the researchers through their studies have made efforts to some extent to base the practices of the professionals of the information. To a great extent, in the studies analyzed, we noted the concern with the expansion of professional competencies in the face of the innovative and technological dynamics of contemporary society. On the other hand, it was also identified that although they treat the relevance of the professionals being innovators, theories were not found or formulated in this respect. This will be discussed in more detail in subsequent articles from this communication.

scholarly journals University Education in Digital Humanities for Information Professionals

2022 ◽  
Vol 59 (2(118)) ◽  
pp. 26-39
Author(s):  
Anna Kamińska
Keyword(s):  
Digital Humanities ◽  
Information Science ◽  
University Education ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Digital Collections ◽  
Master Program ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Information Professionals ◽  
University Course ◽  
Polish Higher Education

Purpose/Thesis: The article presents the concept of university course in digital humanities for future information professionals. Approach/Methods: The concept of university course in digital humanities draws on the author’s deep knowledge of digital humanities as well as the particular models of research project lifecycle. The concept consists of three elements: the description of educational aims, the graduate’s profile, and the learning outcomes. Results and conclusions: The author proposes that university course in digital humanities should be provided as a part of specialization within a Master program for information professionals. Classes will give students a basic knowledge of a given discipline in the humanities and the theoretical aspects of digital humanities, as well as its structure and history. Students will also learn about information and knowledge organization, digital sources used in humanities, information systems, digital collections, research data management, and scholarly editions. Graduates would be equipped to work at research institutions running digital humanities projects or providing research infrastructure for digital humanists, e.g. academic libraries, museums, archives, digital humanities centers and laboratories. Practical implications: The concept may be used to prepare a detailed program of specialization by faculties offering information science programs. Although the concept has been developed in the context of Polish higher education, it can be modified and adapted successfully in other countries, especially in the EU countries which, like Poland, need to meet the European Qualifications Framework. Originality/Value: Formal university course in digital humanities for information professionals is not very common. The concept of a specialization within a Master program proposed in this article fills this gap so that a new generation of librarians and other information professionals will become more proficient intermediaries between humanists and information.

scholarly journals Convite à emancipação à luz da mediação da informação makerspace e inovações no contexto da biblioteca pública

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-85
Author(s):  
Mariana Rodrigues Gomes de Mello ◽  
Everton da Silva Camillo ◽  
Leda Maria Araújo ◽  
Fabiana Sala ◽  
Rosemari Pereira dos Santos Alves
Keyword(s):  
Information Science ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
Public Library ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Library And Information Science ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Number Of Publications

The public library brings with itself the social dimension, which creates a space for training and social change. However, society requires innovations and libraries are part of this context. Thus, this work is justified by understanding the role that public libraries have for society. It lacks spaces for access to innovative technologies and information mediation actions. To make the research feasible, the research problem consists on the following question: to what extent do the investigations on public libraries aim at increasing innovation and makerspaces to reinforce their social function? Then, the aim of this study is to ascertain the number of publications in scientific journals that relate innovation and the makerspace in the emancipatory context of public libraries. Methodologically, it was drawn a qualitative and quantitative exploratory research. An exploratory search was carried out in databases considering papers pusblished by authors dealing with the themes, as well as in the abstracts of papers in journals and proceedings in the databases Library and Information Science Abstracts (LISA) and the Base de Dados Referenciais de Artigos de Periódicos em Ciência da Informação (BRAPCI). Findings reveal that it lacks the relationship between public libraries, makerspace and information mediation, concomitantly, in investigations in the area of Information Science between the years 2009 and 2019.

scholarly journals Protect Others to Protect Myself: A Weakness of Western Countries in the Face of Current and Future Pandemics? Psychological and Neuroscientific Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martial Mermillod ◽  
Tiffany Morisseau
Keyword(s):  
Brain Structures ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Social Variables ◽  
Research Perspective ◽  
Individual Perception ◽  
Cognitive Neurosciences ◽  
The Face ◽  
Holistic Perception ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
The Individual

The COVID-19 pandemic has generated a large number of publications in the medical and biological fields concerning the virus and its treatments, as well as in psychology, social sciences, and data sciences with regard to the spread of the virus. Surprisingly, far fewer neuroscientific articles have been published in this field of research and one might well ask whether the cognitive neurosciences have anything to say at all about this vital topic. In this article, we highlight a research perspective relating to differences in the individual perception of the pandemic in Western compared to Eastern countries. Although this problem is complex, multifaceted and subsumes many other social variables, we suggest that the cognitive neurosciences do have important and fundamental insights to contribute concerning the collective response observed within these populations. More precisely, we propose the hypothesis that differences in the propensity to adopt a holistic perception of contamination processes at the group level, involving brain structures that are also associated with perspective-taking and empathy such as, in particular, the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), could help explain the differences in the perception of the pandemic observed between Western and Eastern countries.

A University Education

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Willetts
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
University Education ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The University ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

Universities have a crucial role in the modern world. In England, entrance to universities is by nation-wide competition which means English universities have an exceptional influence on schools--a striking theme of the book. This important book first investigates the university as an institution and then tracks the individual on their journey to and through university. In A University Education, David Willetts presents a compelling case for the ongoing importance of the university, both as one of the great institutions of modern society and as a transformational experience for the individual. The book also makes illuminating comparisons with higher education in other countries, especially the US and Germany. Drawing on his experience as UK Minister for Universities and Science from 2010 to 2014, the author offers a powerful account of the value of higher education and the case for more expansion. He covers controversial issues in which he was involved from access for disadvantaged students to the introduction of L9,000 fees. The final section addresses some of the big questions for the future, such as the the relationship between universities and business, especially in promoting innovation.. He argues that the two great contemporary trends of globalisation and technological innovation will both change the university significantly. This is an authoritative account of English universities setting them for the first time in their new legal and regulatory framework.

Married Life in the Middle Ages, 900-1300

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth van Houts
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Married Couple ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Emotional Life ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Individual Agency ◽  
Married Life ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual

This book contains an analysis of the experience of married life by men and women in Christian medieval Europe c. 900–1300. The focus will be on the social and emotional life of the married couple rather than on the institutional history of marriage. The book consists of three parts: the first part (Getting Married) is devoted to the process of getting married and wedding celebrations, the second part (Married Life) discusses the married life of lay couples and clergy, their sexuality, and any remarriage, while the third part (Alternative Living) explores concubinage and polygyny as well as the single life in contrast to monogamous sexual unions. Four main themes are central to the book. First, the tension between patriarchal family strategies and the individual family member’s freedom of choice to marry and, if so, to what partner; second, the role played by the married priesthood in their quest to have individual agency and self-determination accepted in their own lives in the face of the growing imposition of clerical celibacy; third, the role played by women in helping society accept some degree of gender equality and self-determination to marry and in shaping the norms for married life incorporating these principles; fourth, the role played by emotion in the establishment of marriage and in married life at a time when sexual and spiritual love feature prominently in medieval literature.

Dilemmas of nudging in public health: an ethical analysis of a Danish pamphlet

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Busch ◽  
Emilie Kirstine Madsen ◽  
Antoinette Mary Fage-Butler ◽  
Marianne Kjær ◽  
Loni Ledderer
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Screening Programme ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Ethical Analysis ◽  
Choice Making ◽  
The Face ◽  
Information Materials ◽  
The Individual ◽  
To Receive

Summary Nudging has been discussed in the context of public health, and ethical issues raised by nudging in public health contexts have been highlighted. In this article, we first identify types of nudging approaches and techniques that have been used in screening programmes, and ethical issues that have been associated with nudging: paternalism, limited autonomy and manipulation. We then identify nudging techniques used in a pamphlet developed for the Danish National Screening Program for Colorectal Cancer. These include framing, default nudge, use of hassle bias, authority nudge and priming. The pamphlet and the very offering of a screening programme can in themselves be considered nudges. Whether nudging strategies are ethically problematic depend on whether they are categorized as educative- or non-educative nudges. Educative nudges seek to affect people’s choice making by engaging their reflective capabilities. Non-educative nudges work by circumventing people’s reflective capabilities. Information materials are, on the face of it, meant to engage citizens’ reflective capacities. Recipients are likely to receive information materials with this expectation, and thus not expect to be affected in other ways. Non-educative nudges may therefore be particularly problematic in the context of information on screening, also as participating in screening does not always benefit the individual.

scholarly journals The Initial Training of Librarians and Curators in France: A National Mission

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
Nathalie Marcerou-Ramel
Keyword(s):  
European Country ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Professional Communities ◽  
Library And Information Science ◽  
Initial Training ◽  
National Library ◽  
National School ◽  
Science School ◽  
Information Professionals

AbstractFrance is probably the only European country to have today a national school for training of library and information professionals: Enssib, National Library and Information Science School. An atypical situation, as some countries decided to close their schools of librarianship and entrust the training of their professionals to universities only. How does Enssib train its library executives? The article first describes the recruitment, training and exercise framework for French library and information professionals. Then it focuses on the vast renovation project that Enssib has been launching for four years in order to adapt its training processes to the needs and expectations of the professional communities.

scholarly journals Graphene and Reproduction: A Love-Hate Relationship

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 547
Author(s):  
Marina Ramal-Sanchez ◽  
Antonella Fontana ◽  
Luca Valbonetti ◽  
Alessandra Ordinelli ◽  
Nicola Bernabò ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Scientometric Analysis ◽  
Potential Toxicity ◽  
Good Tool ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
The Individual

Since its discovery, graphene and its multiple derivatives have been extensively used in many fields and with different applications, even in biomedicine. Numerous efforts have been made to elucidate the potential toxicity derived from their use, giving rise to an adequate number of publications with varied results. On this basis, the study of the reproductive function constitutes a good tool to evaluate not only the toxic effects derived from the use of these materials directly on the individual, but also the potential toxicity passed on to the offspring. By providing a detailed scientometric analysis, the present review provides an updated overview gathering all the research studies focused on the use of graphene and graphene-based materials in the reproductive field, highlighting the consequences and effects reported to date from experiments performed in vivo and in vitro and in different animal species (from Archea to mammals). Special attention is given to the oxidized form of graphene, graphene oxide, which has been recently investigated for its ability to increase the in vitro fertilization outcomes. Thus, the potential use of graphene oxide against infertility is hypothesized here, probably by engineering the spermatozoa and thus manipulating them in a safer and more efficient way.

scholarly journals Healthy ageing, resilience and wellbeing

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 579-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. D. Cosco ◽  
K. Howse ◽  
C. Brayne
Keyword(s):  
Population Level ◽  
Healthy Ageing ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Environmental Resources ◽  
Great Achievement ◽  
Health Concept ◽  
Ageing Model ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level

The extension of life does not appear to be slowing, representing a great achievement for mankind as well as a challenge for ageing populations. As we move towards an increasingly older population we will need to find novel ways for individuals to make the best of the challenges they face, as the likelihood of encountering some form of adversity increases with age. Resilience theories share a common idea that individuals who manage to navigate adversity and maintain high levels of functioning demonstrate resilience. Traditional models of healthy ageing suggest that having a high level of functioning across a number of domains is a requirement. The addition of adversity to the healthy ageing model via resilience makes this concept much more accessible and more amenable to the ageing population. Through asset-based approaches, such as the invoking of individual, social and environmental resources, it is hoped that greater resilience can be fostered at a population level. Interventions aimed at fostering greater resilience may take many forms; however, there is great potential to increase social and environmental resources through public policy interventions. The wellbeing of the individual must be the focus of these efforts; quality of life is an integral component to the enjoyment of additional years and should not be overlooked. Therefore, it will become increasingly important to use resilience as a public health concept and to intervene through policy to foster greater resilience by increasing resources available to older people. Fostering wellbeing in the face of increasing adversity has significant implications for ageing individuals and society as a whole.

Astrobiology in Brazil: early history and perspectives

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 189-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Rodrigues ◽  
Douglas Galante ◽  
Ivan G. Paulino-Lima ◽  
Rubens T.D. Duarte ◽  
Amancio C.S. Friaça ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Formal Group ◽  
Scientific Production ◽  
Funding Agencies ◽  
First Occurrence ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Review Reports ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
Brazilian History ◽  
The University

AbstractThis review reports the Brazilian history in astrobiology, as well as the first delineation of a vision of the future development of the field in the country, exploring its abundant biodiversity, highly capable human resources and state-of-the-art facilities, reflecting the last few years of stable governmental investments in science, technology and education, all conditions providing good perspectives on continued and steadily growing funding for astrobiology-related research. Brazil is growing steadily and fast in terms of its worldwide economic power, an effect being reflected in different areas of the Brazilian society, including industry, technology, education, social care and scientific production. In the field of astrobiology, the country has had some important landmarks, more intensely after the First Brazilian Workshop on Astrobiology in 2006. The history of astrobiology in Brazil, however, is not so recent and had its first occurrence in 1958. Since then, researchers carried out many individual initiatives across the country in astrobiology-related fields, resulting in an ever growing and expressive scientific production. The number of publications, including articles and theses, has particularly increased in the last decade, but still counting with the effort of researchers working individually. That scenario started to change in 2009, when a formal group of Brazilian researchers working with astrobiology was organized, aiming at congregating the scientific community interested in the subject and to promote the necessary interactions to achieve a multidisciplinary work, receiving facilities and funding from the University de Sao Paulo and other funding agencies.

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