scholarly journals Does income redistribution impede innovation?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Brzezinski
Keyword(s):  
Technological Progress ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Income Redistribution ◽  
National Accounts ◽  
Patent Citations ◽  
Patent Counts ◽  
Redistributive Policies ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Redistributive Effect

Economic inequalities have been increasing in many countries since the 1980s provoking calls for more income redistribution. One argument against increased redistribution is that it could hamper innovation and technological progress. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper that empirically investigates the relationship between government redistributive policies at the top of income distribution and innovative activity in a panel of countries. We use new,high-quality and cross-country comparable panel data on income redistribution from distributional national accounts. The sample covers 34 advanced and emerging countries over 1980-2010. We do not find any negative impact of the redistributive effect on innovation in the crosscountry setting. This result is robust to the use of various measures of income redistribution and patent-based indicators of innovation (patent counts, patent citations and patent originality).

An Analysis of the Relationship Between Publishing Activity and Internal Knowledge Development

1998 ◽  
Vol 02 (04) ◽  
pp. 469-478
Author(s):  
G. Steven Mcmillan
Keyword(s):  
Absorptive Capacity ◽  
Patent Citation ◽  
Knowledge Development ◽  
Patent Citations ◽  
Patent Citation Analysis ◽  
Patent Counts ◽  
Capacity Model ◽  
Research Manager ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Internal Knowledge

Previous research has explored the value of using patent citations, versus simple patent counts, as indicators of innovative value. However, little work has delved into whether a company's patent citations are to its own patents or to external ones. This study examines the relationship between publishing and patenting using patent citation analysis that is separated into internal and external cites, with self-citations as a measure of internal knowledge development. Its results are that publishing patterns and internal knowledge development are correlated, which may provide a different view of Cohen and Levinthal's absorptive capacity model. In addition, these findings' plausibility was confirmed through an interview with a practising research manager.

scholarly journals Economic and cultural determinants of elite attitudes toward redistribution

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matias López ◽  
Graziella Moraes Silva ◽  
Chana Teeger ◽  
Pedro Marques
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Redistributive Policies ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Random Samples ◽  
Cultural Determinants ◽  
Economic Elites ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Depth Interviews

Abstract Previous studies have posited that elites are willing to advance the redistribution of income and social goods when the negative effects of inequality, such as crime and conflict, threaten their own interests. Although elites acknowledge these negative effects, their support for redistributive policies remains low throughout the Global South. We address this paradox using a multi-method research design. Drawing on 56 in-depth interviews with Brazilian political and economic elites, we document how, when discussing the negative effects of inequality, interviewees consistently characterized the poor as ignorant, irrational and politically incompetent. We use these findings to theorize about the negative impact of such perceptions of the poor on elite support for redistribution. We then test this relationship using survey data gathered from random samples of political and economic elites in Brazil, South Africa and Uruguay (N = 544). We find the relationship to be robust.

Dynamics of the Cross-Country Growth/Volatility Relationship

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1850108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Capital Flows ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Developed Nations ◽  
Growth Volatility ◽  
Gross Capital Flows ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

This study evaluates structural changes over time in the cross-country relationship between growth and volatility. Using a GMM 2SLS method to control for endogenous variables, and a time-series based rolling window estimation procedure, this study adds to the current literature in two significant ways. The first is that to assume the cross-country growth/volatility correlation is constant over time, or differs across ad hoc predetermined intervals of time is inappropriate. Instead, the early to mid 1990's seems to be the primary area whereby there are significant changes in the relationship across countries. Specifically, volatility negatively impacted growth for developed nations around this time, while it positively impacted growth for developing nations--the latter happening a few years later than the former. The second finding is that the positive impact that trade had on the growth/volatility relationship for developing countries during this period is outweighed by the negative impact of gross capital flows. Among developed nations, globalization reduces a negative effect that gross capital flows has on the relationship. For policy and constituency appeasement purposes the former is an argument for caution when entering into the global economy, and the latter an argument to embrace it.

Growth quality and income inequality: cross-country analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 454-461
Author(s):  
Bulat Khusainov ◽  
Asset Nussupov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
National Income ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The article is devoted to the construction and implementation of an econometric model for quantitative assessment of the impact of cross-country, international, and national income inequality on the dynamics and quality of growth of four groups of countries with different levels of development. A substantial analysis of numerous Russian and foreign research that discover the dynamics and quality of growth was carried out. On this basis, we conclude that income inequality is an important characteristic of the quality of growth of both the national and global economies. To study the relationship between inequality and economic growth, the research uses two concepts proposed by the World Bank – cross-country and international inequality. The distinction of this study from all other known works is not in identifying the genesis of the phenomenon of «inequality», but in focusing on the development of concepts of inequality between countries and quantity assessment of their impact on the growth of economies with different income levels (high, above average, below average and low). This development contributes to the expansion of the research landscape that analyses the relationship between economic growth and inequality. The implementation of the constructed model of cross-country regression confirmed the assumption on the negative impact of three types of inequality on countries with different income levels. At that, the degree of their influence for four groups of countries is shown with a different time lag. The statistically significant empirical results are the convincing scientific basis for evidence-based policy while developing an adequate economic policy by national governments, especially in modern conditions

scholarly journals Interest Groups, Public Expenditure, and Economic Growth: An Empirical Investigation

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-159
Author(s):  
Kim Eun Ji ◽  
Kim Sang Heon
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
Interest Group ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Group Activity ◽  
Exact Nature ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

Although many studies have dealt with the relationship between government expenditure and economic growth, none has been able to pinpoint its exact nature. Recently, however, new efforts have been made to find new factors or variables that moderate the relationship. This paper investigates a new moderating variable, interest group activity, as suggested by Kim (forthcoming). According to cross-country data analysis, the interaction term between government expenditure and interest group activity plays a significant role. Government expenditure has been estimated to have a positive effect on economic growth when interest groups are inactive, and a negative impact on growth when interest groups are active.

scholarly journals Do Analysts Fully Reflect Information in Patents about Future Earnings?

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaimin Goh ◽  
Jaehong Lee ◽  
Wonchang Hur ◽  
Yunchang Ju
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Financial Analysts ◽  
Analyst Forecasts ◽  
Information Environment ◽  
Patent Citations ◽  
Future Earnings ◽  
Patent Counts ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Future Business

This study investigates the relationship between a firm’s intellectual property (measured by patents) and its future business performance and information environments by focusing on financial analysts’ forecasting behavior. The results show that patent citations have more influence on future profitability than patent counts and financial analysts pay more attention to firms with patent citations by showing higher followings for those firms. However, the findings also suggest that analyst forecasts do not fully reflect the implications of the effect of patent citations on future earnings and this under-valuation can mislead investors. Thus, we conclude that financial analysts ‘partially’ improve the information environment in terms of patent citations.

HUBUNGAN KEPADATAN BIVALVIA DENGAN PARAMETER LINGKUNGAN DI PESISIR TANJUNG PURA KABUPATEN BANGKA TENGAH

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-121
Author(s):  
Sudiyar . ◽  
Okto Supratman ◽  
Indra Ambalika Syari
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Data Retrieval ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Random System ◽  
System Method ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Anadara Granosa

The destructive fishing feared will give a negative impact on the survival of this organism. This study aims to analyze the density of bivalves, distribution patterns, and to analyze the relationship of bivalves with environmental parameters in Tanjung Pura village. This research was conducted in March 2019. The systematic random system method was used for collecting data of bivalves. The collecting Data retrieval divided into five research stasions. The results obtained 6 types of bivalves from 3 families and the total is 115 individuals. The highest bivalve density is 4.56 ind / m², and the lowest bivalves are located at station 2,1.56 ind / m²,  The pattern of bivalve distribution in the Coastal of Tanjung Pura Village is grouping. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) showed that Anadara granosa species was positively correlated with TSS r = 0.890, Dosinia contusa, Anomalocardia squamosa, Mererix meretrix, Placamen isabellina, and Tellinella spengleri were positively correlated with currents r = 0.933.

Work Stress and Organisational Citizenship Behaviours (OCBs) in Call Centers Employees

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunita ◽  
Urvashi Singh ◽  
Shalini Singh ◽  
Rajnee Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Call Centers ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Call Centre ◽  
Simple Correlation ◽  
Nuclear Families ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Stress At Work ◽  
The Relationship

The present study was conducted to examine the relationship between organisational stress and organisational citizenship behaviours (OCBs) in employees of call centers. The study also further explored as how stress at work set-up has negative impact on OCBs. A sample of 250 employees working in call centre of Gurgaon belonging to an age group of 25-30 years were selected on availability basis. All were working married couples living in nuclear families. Job stress survey (Spielberger & Vagg, 1999) and Organisational Citizenship Behaviour (Bateman & Organ, 1983) were administered. Data was analysed by using simple correlation and multiple regression. Results showed the negative relationship between organisational stress and OCBs. Results of regression analysis also exhibited the negative impact of stress on OCBs. The implications for the employees are discussed.

Is There Racial Discrimination in Police Stop-and-Searches of Black Youth? A Toronto Case Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunliang Meng ◽  
Sulaimon Giwa ◽  
Uzo Anucha
Keyword(s):  
Racial Profiling ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Black Youth ◽  
White People ◽  
Neighbourhood Level ◽  
Neighbourhood Characteristics ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Race And Place ◽  
Stop And Search

Our study investigated racial profiling of Black youth in Toronto and linked this racial profiling to urban disadvantage theory, which highlights neighbourhood-level processes. Our findings provide empirical evidence suggesting that because of racial profiling, Black youth are subject to disproportionately more stops for gun-, traffic-, drug-, and suspicious activity-related reasons. Moreover, they show that drug-related stop-and-searches of Black youth occur most excessively in neighbourhoods where more White people reside and are less disadvantaged, demonstrating that race-and-place profiling of Black youth exists in police stop-and-search practices. This study shows that the theoretical literature in sociology on neighbourhood characteristics can contribute to an understanding of the relationship between race and police stops in the context of neighbourhood. It also discusses the negative impact of racial profiling on Black youth.

Financial Intermediation and Growth: Theory and Some Cross-Country Evidence

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (4II) ◽  
pp. 855-862
Author(s):  
Tayyeb Shabir
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Financial Markets ◽  
Financial Intermediation ◽  
Empirical Estimates ◽  
Financial Liberalisation ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Theoretical Developments

Well-functioning financial markets can have a positive effect on economic growth by facilitating savings and more efficient allocation of capital. This paper characterises some of the recent theoretical developments that analyse the relationship between financial intermediation and economic growth and presents empirical estimates based on a model of the linkage between financially intermediated investment and growth for two separate groups of countries, developing and advanced. Empirical estimates for both groups suggest that financial intermediation through the efficiency of investment leads to a higher rate of growth per capita. The relevant coefficient estimates show a higher level of significance for the developing countries. This financial liberalisation in the form of deregulation and establishment and development of stock markets can be expected to lead to enhanced economic growth.

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