Levels of Personality Functioning Scale Self-Report Validation Journal of Personality Assessment

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher James Hopwood ◽  
Evan Good ◽  
Leslie C. Morey
Keyword(s):  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Personality Pathology ◽  
Personality Variables ◽  
Personality Functioning ◽  
Single Dimension ◽  
General Manner ◽  
Wide Range

Validation of the Levels of Personality Functioning Scale - Self-Report. Results suggest that the measure has a robust single dimension and that it correlates in a very general manner with a wide range of maladaptive personality variables, consistent with its purpose as a measure of non-specific personality pathology.

scholarly journals Concordantie en meerwaarde van informant- versus zelfrapportage bij persoonlijkheidsdiagnostiek: een systematische review

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Personality Pathology ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Systematische Review ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Better Than

Introduction: Both in personality assessment and scientific research, self-report questionnaires are frequently used, yet the use of informant-report is increasing. The aim of this systematic review is to address the concordance and added value of informant- versus self-report in measuring personality pathology in (older) adults. Method: A systematic search has been carried out for relevant literature published between 2000 and 2018, via the databases Scopus, PsychINFO and PubMED. Also the reference lists of included articles have been checked, resulting in an inclusion of 46 studies. Results: The concordance between informant- and self-report appears to be only moderate, but highest when the relationship is characterized by interpersonal intimacy (such as between partners). The concordance between informants is somewhat better than between informant- and self -reports. Informants have an added value over self-report in the context of externalizing personality traits and interpersonal functioning. In addition, they appear to be a better predictor for health, adaptability and professional functioning. Self-report on the other hand captures intrapsychic characteristics more thoroughly. Conclusion: In personality assessment, informant- and self-reports could be complementary. However, empirical research among older adults is almost uncharted territory and deserves more attention.

Contemporary Perspectives on Rorschach Assessment

1999 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irving B. Weiner
Keyword(s):  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Outcome Evaluation ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Comprehensive System ◽  
Personality Functioning ◽  
The World ◽  
Universal Applicability

Summary: In the last 20 years the advent of the Comprehensive System has developed the Rorschach Inkblot Method (RIM) into a standardized and psychometrically sound personality assessment instrument with numerous indices that can be reliably coded, show considerable test-retest stability, and have abundant valid corollaries. Rorschach assessment has demonstrated utility in contributing to clinical diagnosis of psychopathology, providing guidelines for treatment planning and outcome evaluation, and identifying adaptive and maladaptive features of how people attend to their experience, use ideation, modulate affect, manage stress, view themselves, and relate to others. The RIM can also be effectively integrated with more structured self-report inventories in a complementary way that describes personality functioning in greater depth than would otherwise be possible. The RIM remains at present a widely used and extensively researched measure in many parts of the world. Although the inkblot method is essentially a culture-free instrument with universal applicability, further research is needed to establish cross-cultural normative data concerning its variables.

scholarly journals Change in the Definition of Personality Disorder in Transition to ICD-11: A Look from Clinical and Developmental Perspectives

Psichologija ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 8-21
Author(s):  
Rasa Barkauskienė ◽  
Elena Gaudiešiūtė ◽  
Gabrielė Skabeikytė
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Personality Pathology ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Personality Functioning ◽  
Fundamental Limitations ◽  
General Signs ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Assessment Scales ◽  
Pathological Personality Traits

The recent body of research reveals fundamental limitations to the categorical concept of a personality disorder that has led researchers to adopt a new personality disorder concept. During the last decade DSM-5 and ICD-11 diagnostic classifications have accepted the dimensional view towards personality pathology. Despite the differences between the two classifications, the joint aspect of both models is the construct of Levels of personality functioning. The construct of personality functioning involves personality (dys)function in the self and interpersonal domains. This two-step conceptualization includes (a) impairments of self and interpersonal functioning, indicating general signs and severity of personality disorder, and (b) pathological personality traits, reflecting ‘stylistic’ differences in the expression of personality disorder. The new conceptualization of personality disorder reflects the innovative multi-theoretical integration of known, empirically-based personality assessment paradigms. The relationship between personality functioning and interpersonal, psychodynamic, and personological paradigms provides the theoretical integrity and empirically-based structure necessary to understand the overall severity of personality pathology. Many methods (interviews, self-assessment scales, and questionnaires) have already been developed for the assessment of personality functioning, and their development will be encouraged by the ICD-11 classification established in 2022. At present, only one instrument has been developed in Lithuania for assessing the level of personality functioning in young people aged 12–18 (Barkauskienė & Skabeikytė, 2020). The empirical data about the validity of this construct and its capability to differentiate between the normal and impaired personality in adults and adolescents provide promising results, but are still accumulating. Research suggests that adolescence is a stage in development when personality pathology can fully unfold and be validly confirmed, which opens up opportunities for early intervention. Although the dimensional personality disorder model needs to further prove its importance, there is already evidence that it is less stigmatizing and returns psychology and personality into the concept of a personality disorder. This review presents changes in the conceptualization of personality disorders by discussing them from both clinical and developmental perspectives and highlighting the results of key research in recent years.

Self-report of Social Modulation of Emotional Expression: The Domain Emotion Expression Profile

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Hill ◽  
Sarah Jones ◽  
Lisa Williams ◽  
Jayne Morriss
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Expression Profile ◽  
Emotional Expression ◽  
Anger Expression ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Family Interactions ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Personality Functioning ◽  
The Status

Cross-situational emotionality is a well-established dimension of personality, however the ability to modulate emotional expression by social domain is also a key aspect of personality functioning. We describe a self-report measure, the Domain Emotional Expression Profile (DEEP), designed to assess 5 emotions and behaviours in relation to 5 social domains, and report 2 studies. Study 1 (N = 166 students) assessed construct validity based on predictions from attachment theory regarding distress expression, and explored other emotions and domains. Study 2 (N = 279 students) tested hypotheses based on findings from Study 1 and explored the status of friendship interactions. In Study 1, mean distress-expression comfort-seeking scores in family and partner interactions were substantially higher than in work and in a social (e.g. party) situation consistent with the attachment based prediction (p < .001). In exploratory analyses mean anger expression scores were similarly higher in family and partner relationships than in work and social situations. However distress expression was higher in partner than family interactions (p = .008) which was not the case for anger expression. Study 2 replicated these findings from Study 1, and indicated an intermediate position for friendships between family and partner, and work and social interactions. We report support for the construct validity of the DEEP and replicated evidence regarding the partitioning of anger expression across domains, together with new indications of friendship processes. This method of profiling emotional expression and behaviours across social contexts offers a way of characterising individual differences, including those associated with psychopathology.

scholarly journals Consumer Neuroscience Techniques in Advertising Research: A Bibliometric Citation Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1589
Author(s):  
Juan Sánchez-Fernández ◽  
Luis-Alberto Casado-Aranda ◽  
Ana-Belén Bastidas-Manzano
Keyword(s):  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Consumer Neuroscience ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Performance Analysis Tools

The limitations of self-report techniques (i.e., questionnaires or surveys) in measuring consumer response to advertising stimuli have necessitated more objective and accurate tools from the fields of neuroscience and psychology for the study of consumer behavior, resulting in the creation of consumer neuroscience. This recent marketing sub-field stems from a wide range of disciplines and applies multiple types of techniques to diverse advertising subdomains (e.g., advertising constructs, media elements, or prediction strategies). Due to its complex nature and continuous growth, this area of research calls for a clear understanding of its evolution, current scope, and potential domains in the field of advertising. Thus, this current research is among the first to apply a bibliometric approach to clarify the main research streams analyzing advertising persuasion using neuroimaging. Particularly, this paper combines a comprehensive review with performance analysis tools of 203 papers published between 1986 and 2019 in outlets indexed by the ISI Web of Science database. Our findings describe the research tools, journals, and themes that are worth considering in future research. The current study also provides an agenda for future research and therefore constitutes a starting point for advertising academics and professionals intending to use neuroimaging techniques.

scholarly journals Three Dimensional Approaches to Personality Disorders: a Review on Personality Functioning, Personality Structure, and Personality Organization

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Hörz-Sagstetter ◽  
Ludwig Ohse ◽  
Leonie Kampe
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Personality Pathology ◽  
Personality Structure ◽  
Assessment Instruments ◽  
Personality Organization ◽  
Personality Functioning ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Categorical Classification

Abstract Purpose of Review The concept of personality functioning (Alternative DSM-5 Model of Personality Disorders) has led to increased interest in dimensional personality disorder diagnosis. While differing markedly from the current categorical classification, it is closely related to the psychodynamic concepts of personality structure and personality organization. In this review, the three dimensional approaches, their underlying models, and common instruments are introduced, and empirical studies on similarities and differences between the concepts and the categorical classification are summarized. Additionally, a case example illustrates the clinical application. Recent Findings Numerous studies demonstrate the broad empirical basis, validated assessment instruments and clinical usefulness of the dimensional concepts. Their advantages compared to the categorical approach, but also the respective differences, have been demonstrated empirically, in line with clinical observations. Summary Evidence supports the three dimensional concepts, which share conceptual overlap, but also entail unique aspects of personality pathology, respectively.

scholarly journals Traumatic Brain Injury: Effect of Litigation Status on Executive Functioning—A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simi Prakash K. ◽  
Rajakumari P. Reddy ◽  
Anna R. Mathulla ◽  
Jamuna Rajeswaran ◽  
Dhaval P. Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Concept Formation ◽  
Verbal Working Memory ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Semantic Fluency ◽  
Set Shifting ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with a wide range of physiological, behavioral, emotional, and cognitive sequelae. Litigation status is one of the many factors that has an impact on recovery. The aim of this study was to compare executive functions, postconcussion, and depressive symptoms in TBI patients with and without litigation. A sample of 30 patients with TBI, 15 patients with litigation (medicolegal case [MLC]), and 15 without litigation (non-MLC) was assessed. The tools used were sociodemographic and clinical proforma, executive function tests, Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptom Questionnaire, and Beck Depression Inventory. Assessment revealed that more than 50% of patients showed deficits in category fluency, set shifting, and concept formation. The MLC group showed significant impairment on verbal working memory in comparison to the non-MLC group. The performance of both groups was comparable on tests of semantic fluency, visuospatial working memory, concept formation, set shifting, planning, and response inhibition. The MLC group showed more verbal working memory deficits in the absence of significant postconcussion and depressive symptoms on self-report measures.

scholarly journals Linking Phubbing Behavior to Self-Reported Attentional Failures and Media Multitasking

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Kayla S. Sansevere ◽  
Nathan Ward
Keyword(s):  
Technology Use ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Media Multitasking ◽  
Cognitive Errors ◽  
Personality Variables ◽  
Cognitive Framework ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
Attentional Lapses ◽  
Use Behavior

Phubbing, or using a phone to snub another person, has been investigated through social and personality frameworks. Phubbing involves attending to and performing competing tasks, implying the involvement of attentional abilities. Yet, past research has not yet used a cognitive framework to establish a link between phubbing and attention. Using self-report data from a large online sample, we explored the associations between phubbing and everyday attentional failures. Phubbing was associated with difficulties in attentional shifting and distractibility, frequent attentional lapses, spontaneous and deliberate mind wandering, and attention-related cognitive errors. When examining these attention variables alongside several psychosocial and personality variables, attention-related cognitive errors acted as the biggest predictor of phubbing behavior. Phubbing was also positively correlated with media multitasking, which is a conceptually similar yet distinct technology use behavior. The results suggest that perceived everyday attentional failures are strongly associated with, and to an extent can predict, phubbing behavior, even more so than some social and personality variables. Technology has incorporated itself as a necessity, or at the very least a favored convenience, in most people’s lives. Characterizing technology multitasking behaviors from a variety of frameworks can help us better understand who is engaging in these behaviors and why.

Individual Differences in Behavioral Reactions of Psychiatric Patients to Brief Partial Sensory Deprivation

1972 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry B. Adams ◽  
G. David Cooper ◽  
Richard N. Carrera
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Sensory Deprivation ◽  
Intellectual Functioning ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Behavioral Reactions ◽  
Personality Variables ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Therapeutic Procedures ◽  
Complex Relationships

30 hospitalized psychiatric in-patients exposed to a few hours of partial sensory deprivation (SD) showed a wide range of individual differences in their reactions. Reduced symptoms and improved intellectual functioning after SD were the predominant group trends, but some individuals showed substantial changes in opposite directions. Individual differences in behavioral reactions during and after SD were significantly related to MMPI personality characteristics. Symptom reduction after SD was a function of characteristics quite different from those usually associated with prognosis for conventional verbal psychotherapy. The results suggested that many persons unlikely to benefit from traditional therapeutic procedures might show improved personality and intellectual functioning after a brief exposure to SD. There were many other complex relationships between personality variables and reactions to SD.

Social, Personality, Clinical, and Health Psychology Tributaries: The Merging of a Scholarly “River of Dreams”

2000 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. Snyder ◽  
Howard Tennen ◽  
Glenn Affleck ◽  
Jen Cheavens
Keyword(s):  
Health Psychology ◽  
Social Comparisons ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychotherapy Outcomes ◽  
Psychological Predictors ◽  
Medical Outcomes ◽  
Personality Variables ◽  
Potential Impact

Results of a survey from the contents of six 1998 journals in social, clinical, personality, and health psychology allow one to conclude that interface research in these fields is grounded in theory, focuses more on understanding weaknesses than strengths, has personality variables playing major roles, and often involves correlation-based studies using related self-report variables. It is also suggested that promising future interface research would include the psychological predictors of medical outcomes, stress-related growth, enhancing psychotherapy outcomes, and the effects of social comparisons, as well as a methodological paradigm that involves the analyses of multilevel daily processes. The article closes with exhortations for enhancing the viability and potential impact of interface research.

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