scholarly journals Filthy Animals: Disgust, Dehumanization, and Their Role in Fomenting Anti-Immigrant Attitudes During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Landry
Keyword(s):  
Chinese People ◽  
Final Study ◽  
Stigmatized Groups ◽  
The Relationship

Disgust and dehumanization both dampen empathy toward outgroups, and dehumanization also often involves representing the target as a disgusting animal. Therefore, we examined the relationship between disgust and dehumanization, documenting robust relationships between them in Americans’ evaluations of a variety of stigmatized groups (Studies 1-2). Since disgust is reliably elicited in the presence of disease threats, we then investigated its relationship with the dehumanization of Chinese people, a group stigmatized due to their association with the COVID-19 pandemic. Americans who felt more vulnerable to disease expressed more disgust toward, and dehumanization of, Chinese people (Study 3). In a final study, we found Americans’ disease concerns predicted their anti-immigrant attitudes, an effect wholly mediated by their disgust toward, and dehumanization of, immigrants. However, this only occurred when the threat of contracting COVID-19 was made salient (Study 4). We conclude that a constellation of disease concerns, disgust, and dehumanization can foment xenophobic attitudes.

Sacrificing Animals in the Name of Scientific Authority: The Relationship Between Pro-Scientific Mindset and the Lethal Use of Animals in Biomedical Experimentation

2021 ◽  
pp. 014616722110394
Author(s):  
Laurent Bègue ◽  
Kevin Vezirian
Keyword(s):  
Animal Experimentation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Scientific Attitude ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Scientific Authority ◽  
Behavioral Studies ◽  
Final Study ◽  
Biomimetic Robot ◽  
The Relationship

The present research investigated how scientific authority increases the lethal use of animals in biomedical experimentation. In two behavioral studies ( N = 151 and 150), participants were required to incrementally administer 12 doses of a toxic chemical to a 53-cm fish (in reality, a biomimetic robot) for research on animal learning. Consistent with the Engaged Followership Theory on obedience, participants placed in a pro-scientific mindset more severely harmed the laboratory animal. In a cross-sectional study ( N = 351), participants in medical fields endorsed a more pro-scientific attitude than those in paramedical fields, which mediated their support for animal experimentation. Drawing on a representative European sample ( N = 31,238), we also confirmed the specificity of this link by controlling for potential demographic and ideological confounds. In a final study ( N = 1,598), instrumental harm was shown as mediating the link between a pro-scientific attitude and support for animal experimentation.

scholarly journals Legends about plants as a refl ection of the worldview of the Chinese people

2020 ◽  
pp. 100-106
Author(s):  
T. DanDan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Family Relationships ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Chinese People ◽  
Cultural Symbols ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Chinese Nation ◽  
Folk Traditions ◽  
New Information ◽  
Chinese Plant ◽  
The Relationship

Flowers, fruits and trees grow everywhere. They are separated only by species diff erences and regional differences. After their birth, at the beginning of growth, they do not carry any cultural information. However, when a person begins to interact with nature more closely, a two-way connection is established between them. When plants came into the interest of ancient writers, they became the basis of a rich plant culture that was strongly associated with ancient diet, medicine, politics, folklore, and aesthetics. The relationship between people and plants has a long history: in constant contact with a person, plants gradually turn from material resources into cultural symbols associated with personal feelings, national character, folk traditions, etc. In addition, the legend of plants contains the traditional moral ideas of the Chinese nation, a description of family relationships and shows the development of human civilization. The object of this article is legends about plants. The article substantiates the cultural function and value of such legends, as well as the refl ection of the worldview of the Chinese people through these legends. In addition, the analysis and classifi cation of the types and characteristics of the national culture through the prism of legends about plants is carried out. This study provides new information needed to understand the Chinese nation and its culture, as Chinese plant legends carry people’s views on history, ethics and morality

scholarly journals Revisiting China’s Social Volcano: Attitudes toward Inequality and Political Trust in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 237802312091538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Wen Lei
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Political Trust ◽  
Chinese People ◽  
National Surveys ◽  
People’S Attitudes ◽  
Attitudinal Changes ◽  
Sociopolitical Instability ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

Existing literature suggests that despite rising inequality in China, Chinese people tend to tolerate inequality, so it would be unlikely that rising inequality would cause sociopolitical instability. Few studies, however, have systematically explained Chinese people’s attitudes toward inequality, analyzed attitudinal changes over time, or examined the relationship between such attitudes and political trust. The author’s analysis of national surveys in 2004, 2009, and 2014 yields three findings. First, critical attitudes toward inequality consistently correlate with a structural understanding of inequality and skepticism of procedural or institutional justice. Second, Chinese people’s attitudes toward inequality changed little between 2004 and 2009, but between 2009 and 2014, there was increasing criticality of both inequality and its seeming disjuncture with China’s socialist principles. Third, people who are discontent with income inequality in China are more likely than others to distrust the local government, and those who draw on socialism to critique inequality are also more likely to distrust the central and local governments. Together, these findings suggest rising inequality could have political ramifications.

How Do Implicit Materialism and Postmaterialism Affect Proenvironmental Behavior?

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 1495-1505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kexin Zhou ◽  
Lijuan Ye ◽  
Liuna Geng ◽  
Qiaoxin Xu
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Intention ◽  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Simulation Experiment ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Chinese People ◽  
Environmental Behaviors ◽  
Proenvironmental Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

In this study, we explored implicit materialistic and postmaterialistic values, focusing on the relationship between these values and environmental behaviors. Participants were 60 Chinese students, who completed via self-report the Implicit Association Test (IAT) and the Environmental Behaviors Questionnaire, along with a situation simulation experiment to measure their actual environmental behavior. Our results provide the first evidence for an application of the IAT in research focused on materialism and postmaterialism. We found that implicit postmaterialism significantly predicted proenvironmental behavioral intention in a Chinese context, and implicit materialism was a strong predictor of actual proenvironmental behaviors (i.e., avoidance of paper waste). These results indicate that, for Chinese people, materialism is an important motivation for their actual proenvironmental behaviors.

scholarly journals The First Reception of Chinese Literature and Culture in Romania

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-36
Author(s):  
Caiyue Li
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Literature ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Diplomatic Relations ◽  
Chinese People ◽  
Education Science ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Although the bilateral diplomatic relations between China and Romania have 65 years, the communication and cooperation in the fields of education, science and technology, culture and politics have a long history. And what’s more there is a traditional friendship between the Romanian and Chinese people. When we talk about the first reception of Chinese literature and culture in Romania, we can’t forget one important person-Nicolae Milescu Spatarul and his contribution. In this paper first I will talk about the brief introduction of the relationship between Romania and China, and then I will focus on Nicolae Milescu Spatarul and his famous books Jurnal de călătorie în China, Descrierea Chinei.Jurnal de calatorie in China.

The biggest English corner in China

English Today ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Gao
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
English Learning ◽  
Chinese People ◽  
Educational Tourism ◽  
Spring Festival ◽  
China English ◽  
New Year’S Eve ◽  
New Form ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Current Stage

‘They all speak good English. So how come they are jobless?’ The Spring Festival Gala, broadcast alive on TV across China and among international Chinese communities, is one of the most popular and widely viewed performances for Chinese people on Chinese New Year's Eve. In a situational comedy at the 2012 Gala, one Chinese lady threw out the above remark to her friend with reference to the folk she had met in a foreign country she had just visited. The tone in which she said it was intended to invoke laughter at her sarcastic comment about the presumed almightiness of English. The audience, however, only reacted with a slightly audible mumble, which evidently reflected their ambivalence on this issue. After all, many in the audience – like the general population – are currently convinced that gaining a command of English is a very good thing, if not a national pursuit. To mock their pursuit of English is almost equal to mocking their view of life. This article takes a glimpse into this national craze towards English by presenting a brief ethnography of a new form of English learning in China: ‘English educational tourism’, that is, traveling for the purpose of learning English. By doing this, it explores the relationship between English and political economy, noting how English, the language of imperialism, at its current stage (re)produces new subjectivities among Chinese people as a semiotic form of modern/cosmopolitan imagination. Before outlining this argument and introducing the specific evidence upon which I base my claims, however, it is necessary to position this article with reference to previous theorizations relevant to the English language and the Chinese context.

scholarly journals Investigating the Relationship between Brand Equity, Brand Loyalty and Customer’s Satisfaction (Case Study: Restaurants in Rasht City)

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asghar Ghadamzan Jalali ◽  
Vahid Hosseinipour ◽  
Vahab Pourkazemi Astaneh
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Brand Equity ◽  
Brand Loyalty ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Final Study ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Customer's Loyalty ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between brand equity, customer’s satisfaction and brand loyalty. The study was a descriptive and in term of purpose is applied and in term of data collection will also be considered field. Data collection tool was questionnaire consisting of 21 questions to measure the research variables. The validity by professors and experts and its reliability by using Cronbach’s alpha was reviewed and approved. The study population consisted of students at Islamic Azad University who were customers of restaurants and fast food in Rasht city. Using the Cochran formula final study sample 420 subjects was studied. In order to test the hypothesis structural equation modeling was used. The results showed that brand equity has a significant relationship with rate of 0.18 with a customer’s satisfaction. As well as customer’s satisfaction is related to customer’s loyalty with rate of 0.88. Among the aspects brand equity as ideal inner satisfaction has the highest correlation with customer’s satisfaction.

scholarly journals Guanxi Revisited: An Exploratory Study of Familiar Ties in a Chinese Workplace

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jar-Der Luo
Keyword(s):  
Moral Obligation ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Interpersonal Trust ◽  
Network Data ◽  
Emotional Attachment ◽  
Chinese People ◽  
Strong Ties ◽  
Inner Circle ◽  
The Relationship

Do Chinese people restrict their complex transactions to a trusted inner circle composed of strong ties? Hwang's (1988) study points out that Chinese people often convert unfamiliar ties into familiar ties when the latter become trustworthy people. This conversion is instrumental in ensuring the fulfilment of promises in complex transactions because it contains an element of emotional attachment or moral obligation. This paper employs network data in a Chinese workplace to demonstrate the following points: first, there is indeed a type of guanxi in the Chinese workplace that can be described as ‘familiar ties’. Second, familiar ties contain as much trust as friendship ties and more than acquaintance ties. A Chinese person may search for his or her possible partners among strangers, then develop trust within this guanxi and gradually transform the relationship into familiar ties. It is through these ties that interpersonal trust can grow and enable complex transactions.

LAY THEORIES OF PERSONALITY AND HELPING AMONG CHINESE UNDERGRADUATES

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 1189-1190
Author(s):  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
Jianxin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Population ◽  
Prosocial Behaviors ◽  
Lay Theories ◽  
Incremental Theory ◽  
Entity Theory ◽  
Lay Beliefs ◽  
Stigmatized Groups ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Chinese Undergraduates

In all agencies, lay beliefs of a person are closely related to frequency, tendency and quality of prosocial behaviors. Potential helpers who hold an incremental theory of personality (belief that a person's attributes are malleable), will be more willing to help socially stigmatized groups than those who hold an entity theory of personality (belief that a person's attributes are fixed (Karafantis & Levy, 2004; West, 2003). Based on this recent evidence, we examined the relationship between lay theories of personality and helping in a Chinese population.

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