scholarly journals An evaluation of the impact of the educational conditions of Brazil's Bolsa Família Program (2005 and 2009)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernesto F. L. Amaral ◽  
Vinícius do Prado Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Models ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Dropout Rates ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Bolsa Familia ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Educational Conditions ◽  
Out Of School

Title in Portuguese: Avaliação de Impacto das condicionalidades de educação do Programa Bolsa Família (2005 e 2009)Abstract: This paper analyzes the impact of the educational conditions of Brazil's Bolsa Família Program on the dropout rates of children benefiting from the program. The main hypothesis is that children living in a household that receives the benefit have a lower chance of dropping out of school. Data are from the 2005 and 2009 Impact Evaluation of the Bolsa Família Program (AIBF), collected by the Ministry of Social Development and Combating Famine (MDS), Brazil. Logistic models estimated the chance that children would drop out of school in 2005 and 2009, for three different household income thresholds, taking into account characteristics related to the household, mother, and child. Children who lived in households benefiting from Bolsa Família had a significantly lower chance of dropping out in 2005. Data for 2009 were not statistically significant, although results pointed to a decrease in dropout rates, due to the impact of Bolsa Família.Resumo: Este artigo analisa o impacto das condicionalidades de educação do Programa Bolsa Família na evasão escolar de crianças beneficiárias deste programa. A principal hipótese é de que a criança residente em domicílio que recebe o benefício possui menores chances de abandonar a escola. São utilizados dados da Avaliação de Impacto do Programa Bolsa Família (AIBF) de 2005 e 2009 do Ministério do Desenvolvimento Social e Combate à Fome (MDS). Modelos logísticos estimaram as chances de crianças evadirem da escola em 2005 e 2009, em três limites de renda domiciliar per capita, levando em consideração características do domicílio, da mãe e da criança. Crianças que residiam em domicílios beneficiários do Programa Bolsa Família apresentaram redução significativa nas chances de evasão escolar em 2005. Os dados de 2009 não foram estatisticamente significativos, apesar de terem apontado para diminuição da evasão escolar, em decorrência do recebimento do Bolsa Família.

Within-Individual Effects of Dropping out of School on Violent Victimization Among Serious Adolescent Offenders

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110500
Author(s):  
Chongmin Na
Keyword(s):  
School Dropout ◽  
Routine Activities ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Causal Mechanism ◽  
Violent Victimization ◽  
Adolescent Offenders ◽  
Opportunity Structure ◽  
Risky Lifestyles ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Out Of School

Despite a recent decrease in both school dropout and victimization rates, many harsh and exclusionary school policies continue to push school-aged adolescents out of school. This study combines two research areas—school dropout and violent victimization—by investigating if dropping out of school increases the chance of violent victimization. It is hypothesized that a change in the opportunity structure associated with risky lifestyles and routine activities accounts for the link between school dropout and violent victimization. Drawing on longitudinal panel data collected from a relatively homogenous sample of 1354 serious adolescent offenders who are predominantly minorities (75%) and males (86%) and fixed-effects models which enhance the causal validity of the findings by using the same individuals as their own counterfactuals over time, this study shows that dropping out of school leads to the perpetuation of violent victimization, primarily due to a change in the opportunity structure associated with risky lifestyles and routine activities. By uncovering the pathway between school dropout and victimization, this study contributes to the knowledge base on the impact of school dropouts, the source of violent victimization, and the causal mechanism underlying the link between dropping out of school and violent victimization—all of which are relatively understudied despite their significant implications for theory and policy.

scholarly journals School dropout among female learners in rural Mpumalanga, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Prince Mokoena ◽  
Adrian D. van Breda
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
High School ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
High School Dropout ◽  
School Dropout ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Secondary Schooling ◽  
Out Of School

South Africa, like many countries, has high numbers of learners who do not complete secondary schooling. This reduces these young people’s chances of finding work or of earning a better salary. It is thus important to understand the factors that contribute to high school dropout. In the study reported on here we investigated the factors that caused a number of female learners to drop out and return to high school in a rural community in Mpumalanga. The learners provided 3 reasons for dropping out of school: pregnancy, illness and immigration. The analysis of these factors suggests 3 underlying themes that influence the ability of children to remain in school, viz. health, policies and structures, and poverty. The implications of these and recommendations to address them are discussed. The authors argue that greater interdepartmental efforts are required to support vulnerable girls to remain in school.

Patterns of Multisystem Service Use and School Dropout Among Seventh-, Eighth-, and Ninth-Grade Students

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 1041-1073 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio R. Garcia ◽  
Stephen Metraux ◽  
Chin-Chih Chen ◽  
Jung Min Park ◽  
Dennis P. Culhane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Service Use ◽  
Public Mental Health ◽  
School Dropout ◽  
Dropout Rates ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Data Set ◽  
System Utilization ◽  
System Involvement ◽  
Out Of School

Youth who receive services from public mental health, child welfare and delinquency, and homeless systems are often exposed to a number of overlapping child, family, school, and community risk factors. Minimal research, however, has focused on the extent to which single- or multiple-system involvement influences school dropout. Relying on an integrated data set, the associations between single- and multiple-system utilization and risk for dropping out, or actually dropping out of school, among youth in Grades 7 through 9 were examined. Results showed dropout rates more than doubled among public youth system users compared with those in the overall sample. With a few exceptions, use of combinations of services systems translated into somewhat higher likelihoods of dropping out of school when compared with single-system use. Future research is warranted to identify the underlying processes by which single- and multiple-system involvement influences school dropout rates.

Academic Engagement and Dropout Intention in Undergraduate University Students

2021 ◽  
pp. 152102512110636
Author(s):  
Pedro Ricardo Álvarez-Pérez ◽  
David López-Aguilar ◽  
María Olga González-Morales ◽  
Rocío Peña-Vázquez
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Academic Engagement ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Undergraduate University Students ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Engagement Scale ◽  
Out Of School

The relationship between engagement and the intention to drop out was the focus of this research. Following an empirical–analytical approach, a sample of 1,122 university students responded to a questionnaire designed to measure the engagement and the intention to drop out of school. The results confirmed that undergraduates who considered dropping out had lower scores on the engagement scale. These data are relevant for the adoption of preventive measures against academic dropouts.

Falling Through the Cracks? Grade Retention and School Dropout among Children of Likely Unauthorized Immigrants

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (5) ◽  
pp. 598-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catalina Amuedo-Dorantes ◽  
Mary J. Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Grade Retention ◽  
Residential Location ◽  
School Dropout ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Immigration Enforcement ◽  
Weighted Index ◽  
Repeating A Grade ◽  
Out Of School

We evaluate how intensified interior immigration enforcement impacts the likelihood that children of unauthorized immigrants will repeat a grade or drop out of school. Using a weighted index of the intensity of interior immigration enforcement at the MSA level, we find that increased enforcement has the largest impact on younger children ages 6 to 13. The estimates, which account for the non-random residential location of children and their families, reveal that increased enforcement raises young children's probability of repeating a grade by 6 percent and their likelihood of dropping out of school by 25.2 percent.

scholarly journals Parent’s Efforts on Shaping the Self-Reliance of Students Drop Out of School

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Sisrika Hayatul Rahmi ◽  
Wisroni Wisroni
Keyword(s):  
Total Population ◽  
The Self ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
School Dropouts ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Community Activities ◽  
Self Reliance ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Out Of School

This research was motivated by the high independence of school dropouts in Jorong Koto Baru Lembah Gumanti District, Solok Regency, which was marked by their own income and their participation in community activities. The independence of teenagers dropping out of school was allegedly due to the efforts of parents in establishing their independence. The total population in this study were 25 teenagers who dropped out of school with a sampling of 60% so that there were 15 people. Data analysis techniques used are quantitative descriptive with percentage calculation. The results of the study found that, (1) the opportunity given by parents, (2) communication conducted by parents, and (3) the responsibility given in the formation of independence in Jorong Koto Baru was categorized as very good.Keywords: Efforts, Independence

The school drop-out or rather “push out” problem in the South and in the North

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-75
Author(s):  
Birgit Brock-Utne ◽  
Torill Aagot Halvorsen ◽  
Mwajuma Vuzo
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
The South ◽  
Ethnographic Interviews ◽  
The North ◽  
School Drop Out ◽  
Out Of School

Both in developing countries in the South and developed countries in the North a large portion of pupils from each cohort drop out or, maybe more correctly described, are pushed out of school each year. In the South, there is also a considerable portion of school-aged children who do not attend school at all. The article examines selected data collected from ethnographic interviews, during a Norwegian ongoing longitudinal project, and a survey in Tanzania, and other developing countries. We ask the questions: What are the reasons for this situation? Are the reasons the same in the South as in the North? In this article examples will be given from a country in the North, Norway and a country in the South, Tanzania. What do we know about the reasons for dropping out of school in these two countries? Who are the children dropping out? From which social class do they come? Are they from urban or rural areas? Were there more boys or more girls? What happens to the children after they drop out of school? How much is the school itself to blame for the situation? How relevant is what is learnt in school to the life children lead and their job prospects? What could have been done differently in order to retain children in school in the South, exemplified by Tanzania, and the North exemplified by Norway?

Why We Drop Out of School: Voices of San School Dropouts in Botswana

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eureka B. Mokibelo
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Educational Goals ◽  
Education Students ◽  
School Dropouts ◽  
Junior Secondary School ◽  
Junior Secondary ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Out Of School

Among San communities in Botswana, the rate of student disengagement from both primary and junior secondary school is an ongoing concern for educators. San learners leave school at all levels of primary and junior secondary education. Students who leave school have tended not to provide reasons as to why they are dropping out. This study investigated some of the reasons why San learners decided to drop out at primary and junior secondary school levels in the Central District in Botswana. In-depth interviews were undertaken with 20 former students living in five cattle-posts where the participants worked as cattle herders. The results indicate that some San drop out of school for reasons of survival, both within and outside school. The findings of the study offer insights into some of the issues that impede students within San communities in achieving their educational goals. Further, the findings could assist educational authorities in their review of current educational practices in Botswana so that that all citizens can be appropriately accommodated within the education system.

scholarly journals EKSTERNALISASI REMAJA PUTUS SEKOLAH REMAJA PUTUS SEKOLAH

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-220
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arwan Rosyadi ◽  
Syarifuddin Syarifuddin ◽  
Anisa Puspa Rani ◽  
Taufiq Ramdani
Keyword(s):  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Dropout Rate ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Subjective Knowledge ◽  
Personal Initiative ◽  
Family Economy ◽  
High Dropout Rate ◽  
Subjective Meanings ◽  
Out Of School

The high dropout rate in West Nusa Tenggara is a worrying fact behind the incessanteducation programs such as Law No. 20 of 2013 which requires 20 percent of the statebudget for education. In 2017, as many as 80 school-aged children in Guntur Macanvillage, Gunung Sari sub-district, West Lombok Regency were not in school. Besides theexternal factors (family economy) which are considered as the dominant factors causingdropout students, there is a personal initiative factor that encourages adolescents to takeaction to drop out of school. This research aims to understand: (1) the internal motives ofindividuals who encourage teenagers to drop out of school, (2) subjective knowledge aboutdropouts in teenagers dropping out of school, and (3) the form of externalizing the meaningin daily life - specifically in education and economics. This study used a qualitative researchmethod with a phenomenological approach. Then, the subjects of the study are teenagerswho dropped out of school in Guntur Macan Village. The focus and unit of analysis in thisstudy are the motives, subjective meanings, and externalization of individual actors(informants). This study finds out various motives and subjective meanings of studentdropout school. After dropping out of school, externalization in the field of education, themajority took the form of "other externalization", and the minority attended courses at theVocational Training Center. While in the economic field, the majority of teenagers droppingout of school are construction workers (peladen), and the minority are mechanics. Based onthe identification of motives, subjective meaning, and externalization of teenagers whodropped out of school in Guntur Macan Village, three categories of dropping out of schoolactions were obtained; conventional, conditional, and constructional.

scholarly journals University Drop-outs and Disparities: What’s the Relationship?

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelaziz Razouki ◽  
Laila Rafouk ◽  
Widad Bouab ◽  
Khadija EL Hariri ◽  
Abdelhakim Alagui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Student Affairs ◽  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
First Year ◽  
Academic Difficulties ◽  
Drop Outs ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Out Of School

Dropping out of school has been a major concern at the Moroccan university for several years and is apparent in several university reports.  28% to 30% of students drop out in their first year. The risk factors for dropping out are numerous. The risk of dropping out of school is higher for a student from a disadvantageous social background than for those from a privileged background, with identical academic skills. Research shows that many factors, such as anxiety, uncertainty, Lack of guidance, isolation or alienation, academic difficulties, teaching methods and the teachers’ attitude are key determinants of students’ disengagement from their studies. Actions have been taken by the Moroccan government to reduce this phenomenon; particularly in the form of the “Programme d’Urgence” launched by the Ministry (2008-2012), but the situation has not improved significantly.This publication reports the results of a research conducted at the Cadi Ayyad University since 2015. The tool used to run this investigation is a questionnaire while withdrawing their baccalaureate’s degree from the student affairs service, canceling their registration.

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