scholarly journals Evaluation of acute oral toxicity of herbal rumenotoric and stomachic

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 282-285
Author(s):  
Sunil Hajare ◽  
◽  
Ranjit Suresh Ingole ◽  
Maheshkumar Vitthal Ingawale ◽  
Vivek Borekar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Blood Biochemistry ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Test Substance ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Common Problems

Maintaining optimum digestive functions is crucial for achieving health and profitability in livestock enterprises. However, the efficiency of these functions is upset by common problems such as indigestion, anorexia, flatulence, ruminal stasis and impaction. Pachoplus™ (M/s Ayurvet Limited, India) is a polyherbal rumenotoric, carminative and stomachic that helps to achieve and restore optimum digestive functions in livestock. A study was undertaken to evaluate the potential of Pachoplus™ to elicit acute oral toxicity as per OECD 423 guidelines. Nine non-pregnant, nulliparous, adult female Swiss albino mice were used for the study. The animals were observed for the manifestation of toxic effects and mortality after the oral administration of the test substance. Toxicity was evaluated on the basis of changes in body weight, overt signs of toxicity, gross and histological appearances of vital organs, and blood biochemistry. Pachoplus™ was found safe for oral use as no toxic effects or mortalities were observed till day 14

scholarly journals Acute Oral Toxicity of a Herbal Gut Function Modulator

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-61
Author(s):  
Sunil Hajare ◽  
Ranjit Suresh Ingole ◽  
Sunidhi . ◽  
Ravikanth Kotagiri ◽  
Bhaskar Ganguly
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Test Substance ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Toxicity Potential ◽  
Gut Function ◽  
Histopathological Studies

The current study was designed to evaluate the acute oral toxicity potential of AV/AGP/30 (M/s Ayurvet Limited, Baddi, India) according to OECD 423 guidelines. AV/AGP/30 is a polyherbal gut function modulator in swine and poultry. Nine female Swiss albino mice were used for the study. Each animal served as its own control. Following the oral administration of the test substance, the animals were observed for manifestation of toxic effects and deaths. No toxic effects or mortalities were observed. The estimation of biochemical parameters (AST, ALT, ALP and creatinine) and histopathological studies also did not reveal any significant findings. Hence, AV/AGP/30 was found to be safe for use.

scholarly journals ACUTE ORAL TOXICITY STUDY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF ACTINOSCIRPUS GROSSUS (L.F.) GOETGH. AND D.A. SIMPSON

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 321
Author(s):  
Savin Chanthala Ganapathi ◽  
Rajendra Holla ◽  
Shivaraja Shankara Ym ◽  
Ravi Mundugaru
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Test Substance ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Healthy Female ◽  
Ld50 Value ◽  
Toxic Potential

Objective: To study the acute oral toxicity of ethanolic extract of Actinoscirpus grossus (L.f.) Goetgh. and D.A. Simpson in Wistar albino rats.Methods: Ethanolic extract of the plant was assessed for single dose acute toxicity by employing Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development(OECD) guidelines 425 using Acute Oral Toxicity(AOT) software. The dosed (up or down as per the requirement) rats were observed for 14 days for general appearance, behavior, mortality, and necropsy. A total of 5 healthy female rats of body weight 225±25 g were used.Results: The test substance did not produce any mortality up to the dose of 2000 mg/kg per oral.Conclusion: Test substance is without any toxic potential even at the dose of 2000 mg/kg in animals and the Lethal Dose (LD50) value of A. grossus (L.f.) Goetgh. and D.A. Simpson was found to be more than 2000 mg/kg body weight.

Acute Oral Toxicity Study of Asiasari radix Extract in Mice

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ramesh ◽  
K. Lee ◽  
H. W. Lee ◽  
S. J. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
The Body ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Organ Weights ◽  
Icr Mice

Acute oral toxicity of methanol extract of Asiasari radix was evaluated in ICR mice of both sexes. In this study, mice were administrated orally with dosages of 1000, 3000, and 5000 mg/kg body weight of Asiasari radix extract. Mortality, signs of toxicity, body weight, food consumption, and gross findings were observed for 14 days post treatment of Asiasari radix extract. No mortality, signs of toxicity, and abnormalities in gross findings were observed. In addition, no significant differences were noticed in the body and organ weights between the control and treated groups of both sexes. These results show that the methanol extract of Asiasari radix is toxicologically safe by oral administration.

scholarly journals Toxicity assessment of a technical product of the triazole class

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (11) ◽  
pp. 1276-1279
Author(s):  
Valery N. Rakitskii ◽  
Tatiana M. Epishina ◽  
Elena G. Chkhvirkiya
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
High Biological Activity ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Technical Product ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Toxicological Studies

Introduction. Historically, pesticides are evaluated more strictly from a medical point of view than other chemicals. Since their features, such as deliberate introduction into the environment, the possibility of contact with them by large masses of the population, and the high biological activity determine their potential danger to humans. Purpose of research - study of the biological effect of a technical product derived from triazoles when it is repeatedly ingested orally in mammals (rats), establishment of inactive and active doses, justification of the permissible daily dose (DSD) for humans. Material and methods. In acute experiments, white rats were used, including 6 animals in the group. Tested dose: 500-4000 mg/kg of body weight. A chronic (12 months) experiment was performed on 80 male rats with a bodyweight of 180-190 g at the beginning of the study. Tested doses: 5.0; 16.0 and 55.0 mg/kg of body weight (1 control and 3 experimental animals, 20 individuals each). In the dynamics of the experiment, we observed the condition and behavior of animals, water, and food consumption, recorded the timing of death, changes in body weight, physiological, biochemical, and hematological indices. Results. Indices of the acute oral toxicity on the studied product LD50 male rats were 2250 ± 483 mg/kg body weight. The dose of 5.0 mg / kg of body weight was not found to cause significant changes in all studied indices. The doses of 16.0 and 55.0 mg/kg of body weight had a polytropic effect on the body in experimental animals. Discussion. The studied product for the acute oral toxicity refers to low-hazard compounds, the doses of 16.0 and 55.0 mg/kg of body weight has a polytropic effect on the mammalian body, causing changes in carbohydrate, lipid, and lipoprotein metabolism in the body of rats - was accepted as acting. The dose of 5.0 mg / kg of body weight, when administered in rats, there are no changes in all the studied parameters throughout the experiment, is accepted as invalid. Based on the inactive dose-5.0 mg/kg of body weight and taking into account the reserve factor of 100, we have scientifically justified DSD for a person at the level of 0.05 mg/kg. Summary. The conducted sanitary and Toxicological studies indicate the need to assess the toxicity of new technical products to the mammalian body, to increase the reliability of the developed hygiene standards in environmental objects and food products.

scholarly journals Acute Oral Toxicity Test of Selected Philippine Indigenous Berries as Potential Food Supplements

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 684-684
Author(s):  
Maria Amelita Estacio ◽  
Liezl Atienza ◽  
Roxanne Gapasin ◽  
Jonna Rose Maniwang ◽  
James Ryan Aranzado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Food Supplements ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Icr Mice ◽  
Freeze Dried

Abstract Objectives “Bignay” (Antidesma bunius), “lipote” (Syzygium polycephaloides) and “duhat” (Syzgium cumini) are indigenous berries in the Philippines that are known to contain high antioxidant properties and other health-promoting and disease-preventing compounds. However, oral toxicity studies on these berries are not yet explored. Hence, this study evaluated the acute oral toxicity of these berries in freeze-dried forms using 6-week old ICR mice following the OECD guidelines 425 (up and down method). Methods Treatment groups were administered with freeze-dried powders of “bignay”, “lipote” and “duhat” reconstituted in distilled water at various doses: 55 mg/kg body weight (BW), 175 mg/kg BW, 550 mg/kg BW, 2000 mg/kg BW and 5000 mg/kg BW while control group was administered with distilled water. Body weight, feed and water intake were obtained daily. Biochemical profiles were measured prior to administration of reconstituted berries at day 1 and prior to euthanasia. Toxicity, morbidity and mortality cases were observed daily. Euthanasia and necropsy were performed to check for gross organ abnormalities. Results Mice that received the different concentrations of “bignay”, “lipote” and “duhat” had normal feed and water consumption and gained weight during the test period. No clinical and behavioral signs of toxicity were observed and there was zero morbidity and mortality. Post-mortem evaluation showed no lesions on various organs examined. Blood ALT, BUN and creatinine levels were within normal published values. Conclusions These results show that different concentrations of freeze-dried “bignay”, “lipote” and “duhat” are non-toxic using ICR mice and therefore have high potential to be developed into food supplements and nutraceuticals. Funding Sources Philippine Council for Health Research and Development - Department of Food Science and Technology Enhanced Creative Work and Research Grant - Office of Vice Chancellor for Academic Affairs, University of the Philippines.

scholarly journals Acute, Subacute, and Genotoxicity Assessments of a Proprietary Blend of Garcinia mangostana Fruit Rind and Cinnamomum tamala Leaf Extracts (CinDura®)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Sundararaju Dodda ◽  
Venkata Krishnaraju Alluri ◽  
Trimurtulu Golakoti ◽  
Krishanu Sengupta
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Mouse Bone Marrow ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Garcinia Mangostana ◽  
Cinnamomum Tamala ◽  
Fruit Rind

The present communication describes a battery of toxicity studies that include an acute oral toxicity, a subacute twenty-eight-day repeated oral dose toxicity, and genotoxicity studies on a herbal formulation CinDura® (GMCT). This proprietary herbal composition contains the extracts of the Garcinia mangostana fruit rind (GM) and the Cinnamomum tamala leaf (CT). The toxicological evaluations were performed following the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) guidelines. The acute oral toxicity study in Wistar rats suggests that the median lethal dose of CinDura® is at least 2000 mg/kg body weight. Acute dermal and eye irritation tests in New Zealand white rabbits indicate that the test item is nonirritant to the skin and eyes. A twenty-eight-day repeated dose oral toxicity study was conducted in male and female Wistar rats using daily doses of 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg body weight, followed by a fourteen-day reversal period for two satellite groups. The CinDura®-supplemented animals did not show any sign of toxicity on their body weights, organ weights, and on the hematobiochemical parameters. The gross pathology and histopathological examinations indicated no treatment-related changes in the experimental animals. Overall, the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) of the herbal blend is 1000 mg/kg body weight, the highest tested dose. Also, the results of the bacterial reverse mutation test and the erythrocyte micronucleus assay in mouse bone marrow suggest that CinDura® (GMCT) is neither mutagenic nor clastogenic.

scholarly journals Histological and body weight effects of Datura innoxia seeds and leaves extracts in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 018-027
Author(s):  
Ali A. Eltayeib ◽  
Siddige A. N. T. Matter
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Datura Innoxia ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Histological Results

The study aim to determine the chemical compounds in aqueous and methanolic extracts of Datura innoxia seeds and leaves and to evaluate their toxic effects on experimental rats. Seeds and leaves were collected from El-Obied, North Kordofan State, Sudan, in October, 2016. The aqueous and methanol extracts were carried out by using maceration method and soxhlet apparatus respectively. Sixty five male Albino Wistar rats, three months old and with an average body weight ranged 110-120 g, were randomly divided into thirteen Groups, consisting of five rats in each Group. Group 1 served as control and fed with normal rats’ food and water for thirty days. Groups 2, 6 and 10 administered aqueous seeds extract, Groups 4, 8 and 12 received methanol seeds extract, Groups 3, 7 and 11 received aqueous leaves extracts, Groups 5, 9 and 13 received methanol leaves extract, all the Groups received the same type of extract were administered 40, 60 and 80 mg/kg body weight respectively. The extracts administered to the rats intra gastrically using cathodal tube daily for thirty days. The effects of oral administration of leaves and seeds extracts to 60 healthy rats over 30 days were evaluated by histological studies and body weight changes. The analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) of aqueous and methanolic extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids (Scopolamine, atropine and Hyoscyamine), fatty acids, esters, amides, amino acids, ketones, coummarins, terpinoids, phenols, alcohols and hydrocarbons compounds. The histological results showed that administration of extracts caused pathologic changes in the organs studied. The treated Groups had lower (p ≤ 0.05) body weight gains than control Group. The study concluded that the toxicity of seeds and leaves (methanolic and aqueous) extracts are nearly have the same toxic effects on rats due to their same active ingredients (alkaloids) and the oral administration of the extracts was found to be safe up to 40 mg/kg.

Sub-acute oral toxicity evaluation of aqueous extract of bamboo shoots (Dendrocalamus hamiltonii) in Balb/c mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harjit Kaur Bajwa ◽  
Oinam Santosh ◽  
Ashwani Koul ◽  
Madho Singh Bisht ◽  
Chongtham Nirmala
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Bamboo Shoot ◽  
Health Food ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Dendrocalamus Hamiltonii ◽  
Bamboo Shoots ◽  
Complete Health ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Probiotics Bamboo shoot (Dendrocalamus hamiltonii), the young tender and immature culm, is being considered as a complete health food due to its high nutritional and bioactive content. Although, freshly harvested bamboo shoots are nutritionally richer; anti-nutritional factors and toxicity in fresh shoots used for consumption are a matter of concern. This study was conducted to evaluate the sub-acute oral toxicity of aqueous extract in shoots of Dendrocalamus hamiltonii. The bamboo shoot extract was administered orally to Balb/c mice at doses of 400, 800 and 1600 mg/kg, body weight for 28 days. Results revealed a significant enhancement in the level of reduced glutathione and superoxide dismutase accompanied by a significant reduction in the level of lipid peroxidation. A dose-dependent increase was observed in the activity of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase while, a marked reduction was seen in the activity of enzyme catalase. None of any mortality and behavioral changes was observed. At higher dose (1600 mg/kg, body weight) the level of serum creatinine, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase and lactate dehydrogenase increased significantly however, the histo-architecture of liver and kidney was normal. Therefore, it is concluded that the medium-term oral administration of the bamboo shoot extract for 28 days does not cause toxicity.

Toxic Effects of Oral Administration Doses of Hydroxylated C60 Fullerene on Liver in Swiss Albino Mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1040-1046
Author(s):  
Doaa M. El-Nagar ◽  
Hanaa M. Ahmed ◽  
Badr Abdullah Aldahmash ◽  
Khalid Elfakki Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Albino Mice
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