scholarly journals Study of Biological Activity and Chemical Constituent of Annona Reticulata

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bimala Subba ◽  
Pramod Aryal
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Column Chromatography ◽  
Authentic Sample ◽  
Chemical Constituent ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Annona Reticulata

The methanol and hexane extract of leaf of Annona reticulata, vernacularly known as ‘Sareefa’ were subjected to biological assay and column chromatography respectively. Column chromatography of the hexane extract of the leaf of A. reticulata resulted in the isolation of one pure compound PF1. The compound PF1 was suggested as β-sitosterol by comparing TLC, IR and melting point with authentic sample. The antibacterial activity against two bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus (gram positive) and Escherichia coli (gram negative) was done by agar well diffusion method and Zone of Inhibition (ZOI) was observed. The ZOI obtained ranged from 8 to 12 mm. The methanol extract of leaf showed moderate antibacterial activity on comparison with standard antibiotic streptomycin. The Antioxidant activity of the extract was tested using scavenging activity of DPPH (1, 1-Diphenyl-2- Picrylhydrazyl) radical method. The IC50 value of A. reticulata was found (41 µg/ml). The standard compound has shown IC50 value as 120 µg/ml. The antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of the extract was positively associated with the total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the extract. This study revealed that methanolic leaf extract of A. reticulata comprise effective potential source of natural antioxidant, which might be helpful in preventing the progress of various oxidative stresses.Journal of Institute of Science and TechnologyVolume 21, Issue 1, August 2016, page: 157-163

scholarly journals Antibacterial Potential of some Plant Extracts against Escherichia coli, along with its Phytochemical Analysis, Total Phenolic Content, and Antioxidant Properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (02) ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
Pooja Singh ◽  
Upma Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Butylated Hydroxytoluene ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis

In vitro antibacterial activity of 21 plant methanolic extracts were investigated by disc diffusion method against gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli. Amongst the extracts tested, the Datura stramonium L. and Ocimum basilicum L. showed significant antibacterial activity against the bacterial pathogen. D. stramonium showed the highest antibacterial activity followed by O. basilicum extract. Phytochemical analysis of extracts showed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, and phenols. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and ABTS analysis of potent extract D. stramonium showed appreciable antioxidant activity. For DPPH and ABTS assay the highest antioxidant activity was observed at 60 mg ml-1 concentration with a percent inhibition of 71.66 and 77.19 with IC50 value 9.71 and 22.16 μg ml-1 respectively. Moreover, the radical scavenging activity of the extract was lower than that observed for the synthetic antioxidants butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA )and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). The total phenolic content of D. stramonium extract was found to be 0.592 mg GAE/gm which was assayed using Folin ciocalteau reagent. The results provide evidence that the extract of D. stramonium and O. basilicum can be further recommended in the treatment of the infections caused by E. coli; further D. stramonium is also a potential source of natural antioxidants.

scholarly journals Chemical compositions, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Tubu (Pycnarrhena longifolia) leaves used as ingredient in traditional functional foods

Food Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 823-830
Author(s):  
N.K. Mohammed ◽  
B.J. Muhialdin ◽  
N.S. Masri ◽  
R. Sukor ◽  
F. Abd-El Aziem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Food Ingredient

Tubu (Pycnarrhena longifolia) leaves are known as food enhancer and medicinal plant by several ethnics of Malaysia. The aims of the study were to determine the tubu leaves composition and biological activity including antioxidant and antibacterial. The mineral, sugar and amino acids were determined using HPLC, and bioactive compounds using GCMS. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH assay, and the antibacterial activity screened by disc diffusion method. The dry leaf compositions were 6.6% moisture, 11.6% ash, 7.0% crude protein, 15.7% crude fiber, 12.1% crude fat and carbohydrate 47%. A total of seven minerals were present in the methanol extract and the highest content was for iron (159.5 mg) and calcium (16.8 mg). The sugar profile showed high sugar content for glucose, sucrose, rhamnose, and fructose which was 8, 13, 7, and 20 mg/g, respectively. A total of sixteen amino acids was present in the tubu leaf extract, and seven bioactive compounds were identified by GC-MS/MS. The antioxidant activity was 87%, total phenolic compound content was 26.49 mg/mL and total flavonoid content was 13.39 mg/mL. Tubu leaves showed antibacterial activity towards Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus. This study showed that tubu leaves had rich sources of amino acids, minerals, sugars and bioactive compounds, potential to be a functional food ingredient.

scholarly journals The Antioxcidant, Antibacterial Activity and Toxicity of Kesambi (Schleichera Oleosa (Lour) Oken) Brak Extracts

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Puspita Sari
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Toxicity Test ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Agar Diffusion ◽  
Schleichera Oleosa

Abstract This study aimed to compare antioxidant, antibacterial and toxicity tests of various types of kesambi tree bark extract (Schleichera oleosa (Lour) Oken). The research stages included extraction of kesambi stem skin from Mancak Serang sub-district with multilevel maceration techniques using 3 solvents: Methanol, n-hexane, and ethyl acetate. The extract was then tested for antioxidant activity, antibacterial, and toxicity. The results of antioxidant testing using the DPPH method, antibacterial with agar diffusion method, and toxicity test with BSLT method, the results showed that ethyl acetate extract had better antioxidant activity (IC50 7,723 ppm.) compared to extract of methanol (IC50 7,801 ppm), and n-hexane extract (IC50 8,568 ppm). Antibacterial activity showed the ability to inhibit the growth of Streptococcus aureus compared to Escherichia coli at a concentration of 10000 ppm, and the results of the toxicity test showed that ethyl acetate extract had better activity (LC50 305,17 ppm) than n-hexane extract (LC50 374, 96 ppm) and methanol extract (LC50 431,26 ppm).Keywords: DPPH, BSLT, Agar Diffusion, Schleichera oleosa (Lour) Oken

scholarly journals Assessment of Total Phenolic, Flavonoid Content and Antioxidant Activity of Ocimum sanctum Linn

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Ishwor Pathak ◽  
Muna Niraula
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Ocimum Sanctum ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

Ocimum sanctum, commonly known as Tulasi in Nepal, is a pharmacologically important plant due to its active constituents. In this work, extraction was carried out in hexane, chloroform and methanol solvents and their phytochemical screening was performed. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents in the plant were measured by Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric method and aluminum chloride colorimetric method respectively. Antioxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. Alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, glycosides, polyphenols, terpenoids, tannins and steroids are mainly found in the extracts. Based on the result obtained, the plant posses a significant amount of total phenolic and total flavonoid content. Both phenolic and flavonoid contents were highest in methanol extract, followed by chloroform and hexane extract. Antioxidant activity of the extracts as ascorbic acid standard (IC50 value = 41.34 µg/mL) was in the order of methanol extract (IC50 value = 47.73 µg/mL) > chloroform extract (IC50 value = 79.46 µg/mL) > hexane extract (IC50 value = 94.68 µg/mL). The extent of the antioxidant activity of the plant is following the number of total phenolics and flavonoids present in it.

scholarly journals ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF MANGROVE Brugueira gymnorrhiza STEM EXTRACTS AGAINST PATHOGENIC BACTERIA Vibrio cholerae

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
Angga Crystal Loasana Yami ◽  
Irmanida Batubara ◽  
Kholis Abdurachim Audah
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Dpph Method

Background : The treatment of some diseases caused by free radicals and pathogenic bacteria usually by using antioxidants and antibiotics. Due to excessive use of antibiotics and other environmental cues, some bacteria are now resistant to certain antibiotics or even to multiple antibiotics. Some Vibrio cholerae bacterial strains are multiresistant to many antibiotics.Objective : The antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Brugueira gymnorrhiza stem extracts against pathogenic bacteria V. cholerae.Method : The B. gymnorrhiza stem was extracted by gradient maceration method. The DPPH method was used to determine the antioxidant activity and the disc diffusion method was used to determine the antibacterial activities. The column chromatography method was used to fractionate the selective extract with the best activity. The LC-MS/MS method was used to identify the compound obtained from the fraction with the best antioxidant and antibacterial activity.Result : Ethyl acetate extract of B. gymnorrhiza stem had the best antibacterial activity with MIC and MBC values of 62.50 mg/L. Ethyl acetate extract also showed the best value of antioxidant activity as indicated by an IC50 value of 255.03 mg/L. The results of fractions test showed that fraction 3 had the best antibacterial and the best antioxidant activities with both the MIC and MBC values of 7.90 mg/L and IC50 value of 348.91 mg/L, respectively.Conclusion : Ethyl acetate extract of B. gymnorrhiza stem has good potential as antioxidant and antibacterial. The compound which is thought as antioxidant and antibacterial from Ethyl acetate extract is 2-Ethyl-4-methyl-1H-imidazole.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Activity and Antibacterial Effects on Clinical IsolatedStreptococcus suisandStaphylococcus intermediusof Extracts from Several Parts ofCladogynos orientalisand Their Phytochemical Screenings

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pongtip Sithisarn ◽  
Piyanuch Rojsanga ◽  
Patchima Sithisarn ◽  
Sumet Kongkiatpaiboon
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Staphylococcus Intermedius

Thein vitroantioxidant and antibacterial assays against clinically isolatedStreptococcus suisandStaphylococcus intermediusof the extracts prepared by decoction and ethanolic reflux of different parts of Chettaphangki (Cladogynos orientalisZipp. ex Span), including the leaves, roots, and stems, using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging assay and disc diffusion method were conducted. Quantitative analysis of total phenolic and total flavonoid contents in the extracts using spectrophotometric methods was also performed. Finally, phytochemical screening by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was conducted. Leaf ethanolic reflux extract (100 g) contained the highest total phenolic and total flavonoid contents of 7.21 ± 0.28 μg gallic acid equivalent (GAE) and 11.51 ± 2.02 μg rutin equivalent (RE), respectively. Chettaphangki extracts promoted low antioxidant activity with EC50values in the range of 0.27–0.48 mg/mL. Extracts and fractions from the roots and stems of this plant promoted low to intermediate antibacterial activity againstS. intermediuswith the inhibition zones between 7 and 14 mm. The chromatographic data suggested that the leaf extracts ofC. orientaliscontained rutin while the root and stem extracts contained scopoletin and chettaphanin I. Rutin promoted strong antioxidant activity while chettaphanin I showed low antibacterial activity againstStaphylococcus intermedius.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity of Mimosa rubicaulis and Reinwardtia indica

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Roshani Gurung ◽  
Sundar Adhikari ◽  
Kalpana Parajuli
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Antibacterial And Antioxidant Activity

Many plants have the property of wound healing, but most of the people are using costly allopathic medicine for the wound. This might be due to lack of awareness about the traditional uses and lack of scientific study of ethnomedicinal plants. So, this study aimed to carry out the antibacterial and antioxidant activity of two medicinal plants which are used traditionally for wound healing activity, i.e.,Mimosa rubicaulis and Reinwardtia indica. Different parts of Mimosa rubicaulis (root, stem, and leaves) and Reinwardtia indica (flower and leaves) were used for the study. Extractions were done by maceration using ethanol as solvent. Antibacterial activity was carried out by the well diffusion method, and antioxidant activities were screened by DPPH radical scavenging and NO scavenging assays. Extract of M. rubicaulis has shown a weak zone of inhibition towards S. aureus and P. vulgaris whereas R. indica has shown no zone of inhibition towards selected bacterial strains. Leaf, root, and stem extracts of M. rubicaulis have shown potent antioxidant activity, i.e., IC50 value of 9.8 µg/ml, 10.19 µg/ml, and, 13.64 µg/ml, respectively. Similarly, leaf extract of R. indica exhibited antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 19.73 μg/ml. The percentage inhibition of NO radicals of root and stem of M. rubicaulis and leaves of R. indica was 31%, 21%, and 22%, respectively. Out of these two plant species, M. rubicaulis had shown antibacterial activity towards selected microorganism, but antioxidant activity was shown by both plant species. These properties on above mentioned two plant species might help for the development of a marketed formulation for antibacterial and wound-healing agent since wound healing is promoted by antibacterial and antioxidant activities.

scholarly journals Thai Rice Vinegars: Production and Biological Properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 5929
Author(s):  
Samuch Taweekasemsombut ◽  
Jidapha Tinoi ◽  
Pitchaya Mungkornasawakul ◽  
Nopakarn Chandet
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Glutinous Rice ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Rice Vinegar

Four types of traditional Thai rice—polished, black fragrant, glutinous and black glutinous rice—were separately used as raw material for vinegar production. During alcohol fermentation, using enriched baker’s dried yeast (S. cerevisiae) as a starter culture gave the highest ethanol content over 7 days of fermentation. The conversion of ethanol to acetic acid for vinegar production by Acetobacter pasteurianus TISTR 102 was performed for 25 days. The highest amount of acetic acid was detected with glutinous rice fermentation (6.68% w/v). The biological properties of Thai rice vinegars were determined, including the total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity. Black glutinous rice vinegar exhibited the maximum total phenolic content of 133.68 mg GAE/100 mL. This result was related to the antioxidative activity findings, for which black glutinous rice vinegar exhibited the strongest activity against both ABTS•+ and DPPH• radicals. Cytotoxicity against the human colon cancer cell line (HT-29) provided an IC50 value of 74.02 μg/mL and weak activity in a mouse fibroblast normal cell line (L929) with an IC50 value of 171.06 μg/mL. Glutinous rice vinegar was the most effective vinegar for inhibiting pathogenic bacterial growth of both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. These results suggested that the value of total phenolic content corresponded to the anticancer activity and antioxidant activity results, while antibacterial activity depended on the acidity of rice vinegar.

scholarly journals Assessment of antioxidant and antibacterial activity of Phoenix dactylifera L. seed extracts: Perspective for the development of new foods

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (08) ◽  
pp. 298-308
Author(s):  
Lidia Ait Ouahioune ◽  
Fatma Bara ◽  
Karim Bariz ◽  
Karim Houali ◽  
Djamel Djenane
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera L ◽  
Dpph Method

Background: Conventional food additives were associated with potential harm. Palm seeds are an interesting source of high-added value bioactive compounds, regarding their potential use in food industries. Aim: Date seeds extract (DSE) of Algerian Phoenix dactyliefra L. was studied for its phytochemical, antioxidant, and antibacterial activity and to identify its potential uses in foods. Material and methods: A total soluble solid of DSE (°Brix) was determined by refractometry. The total phenolic contents (TPCs) were determined according to the Folin-Cioclateu method and the total flavonoid and flavonols were also estimated with the colorimetric method. The DPPH method was used to determine the antioxidant activity of DSE. The IC50 values were also calculated and the antioxidant activity index (AAI) was determined. The agar well diffusion method was employed for the antibacterial activity of the aqueous DSE against various pathogens. Results: Moisture, ash, and fat contents (%) determined were 11.06, 1.33, and 7.06, respectively. The physicochemical analysis of the extract showed a pH value of 4.67, titratable acidity value of 0.64 citric acid/100 g, °Brix value = 3%, sugars values of 0.12, 0.47, and 0.35 g/L for reducing sugar, total sugar, and sucrose, respectively. The determination of phenolic compounds was carried out on three groups, namely total phenols = 229.67 mg GAEq/g, flavonoids = 201.12 mg QEq/g, and flavonols = 173.03 mg QEq/g, respectively. The DSE demonstrates to be effective as an antioxidant “in vitro” and showed a strong antibacterial activity with different inhibition levels, depending on the bacterial strains. Conclusion: The current investigations present knowledge about the possible role of palm industry by-products as a novel perspective for the development of new foods. We suggest that date seeds can be exploited in some food applications utilizing their high levels of bioactive molecules. Keywords: Phoenix dactylifera L., Degla-Baïda, seeds extract, bioactive molecules, biological activity, in vitro, novel perspective.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and antibacterial activity of Acorus calamus. L leaf and rhizome extracts

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kho See Li ◽  
Chan Sook Wah
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Antioxidant Agents ◽  
Sweet Flag

Background: Acorus calamus (sweet flag) is a well-known traditional herb used in India. There were only limited studies done on both hydrophilic and hydrophobic extracts of A. calamus and the biological activities of phenolic and flavonoid compounds as well as alpha-asarone in the sweet flag.Objective: The present study was designed to explore the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic of A. calamus leaf and rhizome extracts. Lastly, the correlation between the biological activities and total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) as well as total alpha-asarone content (TAC) of three different extracts (water, hexane and methanol extracts) was revealed.Method: TAC was determined through using HPLC method, while TPC and TFC were determined through spectrophotometric method. DPPH-free radical scavenging assay (DPPH-FRS) and ferric reducing power assay (FRAP) were used to analyze antioxidant activity, whereby disc diffusion method was used to analyze the antibacterial activity.Results: Methanol extracts had significantly (p<0.05) highest levels of antioxidant activities, antibacterial activity TPC (4.466%1; 3.603%2) and TFC (12.819%1; 7.411%2) content. The significant (p<0.05) highest TAC was observed in hexane extracts (0.762%1; 2.975%2). TPC (p<0.05; r=0.855) and TFC (p<0.05; r=0.855) correlated to FRAP, while DPPH-FRS solely correlated to TFC (p<0.05; r=0.873).Conclusion: Both of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic extracts of A. calamus could be potent antioxidant agents for nutraceutical application and antibacterial agent for food application. Lastly, flavonoids and phenols extracted from sweet flag could be a good potent source of antioxidants for nutraceuticals or food additives as those compounds are correlated to the antioxidant activity.1 Leaf extract; 2Rhizome extract

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