scholarly journals Pharmacological effects of traditional herbal plant garlic (Allium sativum): A review

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 158-161
Author(s):  
Keshab Raj Paudel
Keyword(s):  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Main Compound ◽  
Garlic Powder ◽  
Dietary Consumption ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Herbal Plant

This study aimed to review the different pharmacological effects of garlic. Garlic, Allium sativum, is a herbal plant which has been used in different food preparations since long time. Many studies have shown that allicin is the main compound in garlic which is generated from alliin with the help of alliinase enzyme and is responsible for many pharmacological effects. Different studies have shown that garlic has pharmacological effects such as antihypertensive, antihypercholesterolaemic, antiplatelet, hypoglycaemic, cardioprotective, antimicrobial, antineoplastic, etc. However, studies in the literature havesome confl icting fi ndings and meta-analyses are also slightly different for different effects. Despite these fi ndings, most of the studies, including meta-analyses, have shown signifi cant antihypertensive and hypolipidaemic effects of garlic. Based on the data in the literature, regular dietary consumption of raw garlic, two to four grams, equivalent to one clove of garlic, or 600-900 mg garlic powder per day, if not contraindicated, may be effective for different benefi cialpharmacological effects.Journal of Kathmandu Medical CollegeVol. 3, No. 4, Oct.-Dec., 2014Page: 158-161

Update on hypnotherapy for psychiatrists

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Natalie A. Chan ◽  
Zhisong Zhang ◽  
Guoxing Yin ◽  
Zhimeng Li ◽  
Roger C. Ho
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Practice Guidelines ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Outcome Studies ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Evidence Based Therapy

SUMMARY Although hypnosis has played a part in psychotherapy for a long time, it is not yet seen as an evidence-based therapy and is absent from many practice guidelines when it comes to the treatment of psychiatric disorders. At present, the applications and methods of hypnotherapy are poorly understood and other methods of psychotherapy tend to be favoured. This review article aims to introduce the role of hypnotherapy and its application for certain common psychiatric presentations, as well as examine its efficacy by summarising recent evidence from high-quality outcome studies and meta-analyses.

scholarly journals IN VITRO EVALUATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF GARLIC ALLIUM SATIVUM AGAINST POULTRY PATHOGENS AND EFFECT OF GARLIC SUPPLEMENTATION ON DUCKLING GROWTH PERFORMANCE

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (3B) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tien Cuong Nguyen ◽  
Thi Anh Phuong Chu ◽  
Hai Van Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Garlic Powder

ABSTRACT-QMFS2019Poultry production provides source of protein and contributes an important income for Vietnamese farmers. Among the poultry in Vietnam, ducks account for 27.3% of head of poultry and even 55.7% in Mekong Delta region. Along with the development of rearing ducks, bacterial, viral and fungal diseases occurring in the two last decades induced bad effect for poultry producer. Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, Streptococcal or Pasteurella act as major pathogenic bacteria in duck. The aims of this study were to investigate the antibacterial activity of garlic Allium sativum against E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella Typhimurium and to evaluate the effect of garlic on growth performance of duck from 1-28 old-days. The results indicated that fresh garlic and dried garlic powder showed inhibitory effect against pathogenic tested strains from 2% and 4% w/v, respectively. The inhibition zones and the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of garlic extract ranged from 11.3-28.3 mm and 0.02-0.2 g/ml, respectively. After 28 days of diet with garlic supplemented, D3 (2% of fresh garlic in water) showed significantly different in weight gain (WG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), average daily weight (ADW); whereas, D2 (2% of garlic powder in basal diet) only possessed a difference significant in feed consumption (FC) compared to the D1 (control without garlic supplementation). The obtained results demonstrated the potential of garlic application in poultry production.

scholarly journals IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA GARLISIN DAN KUERSETIN SEBAGAI SENYAWA ANTIMIKROBA PADA SEDIAAN BASAH DAN KERING BAWANG PUTIH (Allium sativum L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Fanny Thresia Yunus ◽  
Ari Suwondo ◽  
Martini Martini
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
The Body ◽  
Garlic Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Compounds ◽  
Vacuum Oven ◽  
Garlic Powder ◽  
Three Samples

Indonesian people have long used garlic as traditional medicine because it contains various chemical compounds that are beneficial to the body. In this study identification of garlicin and kuersetin compounds in garlic as an antibacterial. This study requires 500 grams of garlic each in wet preparations consist of fine garlic and garlic extract, and dry preparation consists of garlic powder. In addition, this research requires 2,1 liters of 96% ethanol. Garlic is dried at 400C with TMI Vacuum Oven and extracted at 250C. Garlic powder is made using Krisbow dry cabinet with a temperature of 1000F and a pressure of 10 Pa. Garlisin content was identified by GCMS Shimadzu TQ8030 and FTIR Perkin Elmer Spectrum Two UATR, while identification of quercetin using Shimadzu HPLC type UFLC. The result shows that the compound garlicin (C6H10S2) was found in the three samples with identical similarity levels. In addition, the three samples showed differences in kuersetin content. The highest kuersetin content was 458.729 ppm garlic extract while the lowest kuersetin content was 81.181 ppm fresh garlic. Both of these compounds have potential as antimicrobial compounds.

scholarly journals REVIEW: Organosulphure compound of garlic (Allium sativum L.) and its biological activities

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
UDHI EKO HERNAWAN ◽  
AHMAD DWI SETYAWAN
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Urinary Infection ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Anti Oxidant

Garlic has been used a long time ago as traditional medicines. The valuable bulb is used to treat hypertension, respiratory infection, headache, hemorrhoids, constipation, bruised injury or slice, insomnia, cholesterol, influenza, urinary infection, etc. Garlic bulbs can be used as anti-diabetic, anti-hypertension, anti-cholesterol, anti-atheroschlerosis, anti-oxidant, anti-cell platelet aggregation, fibrinolyse spur, anti-viral, anti-microbial, and anti-cancer. The ultimate bioactive compound of garlic is organo-sulphure components, i.e. alliin, allicin, ajoene, allyl sulphide groups, and allyl cystein. There was not any report of any side effects or toxicity of garlic.

scholarly journals Effect of garlic (Allium sativum) powder tablets on serum lipids, blood pressure and arterial stiffness in normo-lipidaemic volunteers: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

2004 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 701-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beate Turner ◽  
Christian Mølgaard ◽  
Peter Marckmann
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Blood Pressure Lowering ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Garlic Powder ◽  
Pressure Lowering

Recent studies have cast doubt on the proposed lipid-lowering and blood pressure-lowering effects of garlic. We tested the effect of dried garlic (Allium sativum) powder on blood lipids, blood pressure and arterial stiffness in a 12-week randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Seventy-five healthy, normo-lipidaemic volunteers (men and women aged 40–60 years) were assigned to dried garlic powder tablets (10·8 mg alliin (3-(2-propenylsulfinyl)-l-alanine)/d, corresponding to about three garlic cloves) or placebo. Sixty-two subjects were eligible for the per-protocol analysis. The primary outcome measure was serum total cholesterol concentration. Secondary outcome measures were LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations, blood pressure and arterial stiffness (assessed by pulse wave velocity). No significant differences between the garlic and placebo groups were detected for any of the outcome measures. However, garlic powder was associated with a near-significant decrease (12 %) in triacylglycerol concentration (P=0·07). In conclusion, garlic powder tablets have no clinically relevant lipid-lowering and blood pressure-lowering effects in middle-aged, normo-lipidaemic individuals. The putative anti-atherosclerotic effect of garlic may be linked to risk markers other than blood lipids.

scholarly journals Histological Effect of Allium sativum (Garlic) on the Liver of White Rabbits

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
Osuloye Oluwaseum Olayemi ◽  
Olojo Oluwatobi Omotola ◽  
Philip Abutu
Keyword(s):  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Liver Glycogen ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Glycogen Depletion ◽  
Garlic Powder ◽  
Access To Food

Allium sativum commonly referred to as garlic has been known over the years for its medicinal and culinary purposes. It has also been reported to have several toxic effects when used excessively. However, the purpose of this study was to determine the histological effects of Allium sativum (garlic) powder on the liver of white rabbits at different dosages. Twenty rabbits were randomly divided int.o five groups with free access to food and water for a period of four weeks. Four groups B, C, D, and E were fed with garlic supplemented basal diet containing different concentrations of garlic powder i.e. 100mg, 200mg, 500mg, and 1000mg respectively. These groups were called the treated group. Group A was fed with basal diet only and was considered as the control group. The results obtained showed some histological changes such as the presence of cellular necrosis, vacuolations, lipofuscin pigments, pyknosis and nuclear hypertrophy which were as a result of liver glycogen depletion and hepatic cell damage which may be due to relatively high dosage of garlic used in some of the groups.

scholarly journals Rumination Time and Frequency of Goat Supplemented with Garlic Powder and Organic Chromium

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Munasik Munasik ◽  
Bahrun Bahrun ◽  
Ihsan Yosinanda Sigar ◽  
Agustinah Setyaningrum ◽  
Caribu Hadi Prayitno
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Animal Science ◽  
Garlic Powder ◽  
In Vivo Experiment ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Cctv Camera

This research investigated the effect of supplementing garlic powder and organic micromineral Cr in feed on rumination time and frequency in Ettawah goat (PE). The research was conducted in Gunung Tugel Farm in Patikraja and the Laboratory of Feed Technology in Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto, Central Java. This study used 18 male PE aged 1-1.5 years and weighed 18.62 – 22.69 kg. The feed consisted of 60% concentrate and 40% forage (field grass). Other materials included drinking water, 250 ppm garlic powder (Allium sativum), 1.5 ppm organic chromium mineral and eight CCTV camera. The observed parameters were rumination time and frequency. An in vivo experiment in a Completely Randomised Design (CRD) administered three treatments and six replicates, namely R0: control (basal feed); R1: basal feed + 250 ppm garlic powder; and R2: basal feed + 250 ppm garlic powder + 1.5 ppm organic Cr. The result demonstrated a significantly different effect of garlic powder and organic Cr micromineral supplement on rumination time across treatments, i.e. 404 ± 19.6; 382 ± 19.04 and 351 ± 13.87 min/day, respectively, or 379 min/day on average. Rumination frequency was not significantly different across R0, R1, and R2 namely 360 ± 24.03; 359 ± 30.13 and 342 ± 21.10 times/day, respectively. Conclusively, garlic powder and organic Cr micromineral significantly affected rumination time, but not significantly affected rumination frequency of PE goat.

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