scholarly journals Predilection of Teaching Aids Among Year I Medical Students at a Medical College of Mauritius

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
Barun Mahat ◽  
Prakash Limbu ◽  
Indrajit Banerjee ◽  
Sunil Dhungel ◽  
Pawan Kumar Lal Das
Keyword(s):  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
Nonparametric Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Teaching Aids ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Power Point

Introduction: Teaching aids are the motivational tool which plays an important role in teaching and learning processes in such a way that it makes the classroom lively, active and interactive. It creates an environment of interest for the students as well as it helps to clarify and understand the subject matter in a better way. The objective of this study is to know the opinion of students regarding the teaching aids among 1st year MBBS students during teaching and learning activities in physiology at SSR Medical College.Methods: The data were collected by pre-designed questionnaire among the 1st year MBBS students of SSR Medical College, Belle Rive, Mauritius. The study was conducted between March and April, 2016. Out of 147 students, 139 students were participated in the study. The data were analyzed using nonparametric test and P values were analyzed by using Chi-Square test. P < 0.05 was considered significant.Results: 60.4% of students thought that the combination of black board and PowerPoint slides was more beneficial compared to blackboard, PowerPoint and whiteboard which were selected by 24.5%, 14.4% and 0.7% respectively. The combination of blackboard and Power Point slides was selected as the most understandable and informative by 51.8% and 64% students respectively. Similarly, the same teaching method was considered the most helpful in retention by 48.2% respondents and most emphatic on important points by 47.5%. More than 50% of the students found the combination of blackboard and Power Point slides as the most captivating (55.4%), interactive (57.6%), providing excellent visual clarity (56.8%), easy for summarization (51.1%) and effective for presentation (56.8%). 46% of the students thought that this combination of teaching aid covered the more topic per lecture. Conclusion: This study shows that the majority of the students preferred combination of aids viz. black board and Power Point for learning and teaching physiology.

scholarly journals The role of formative objective structured clinical examinations on students’ performance in clinical years

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2231
Author(s):  
Misbah Riaz ◽  
Fazal Hussain ◽  
Mah Muneer Khan
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Medical Curriculum ◽  
Medical Assessment ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Objective Structured Clinical Examinations ◽  
The Subject

Background: Objective structured clinical examinations are the gold standard of modern medical assessment for students. The aim of our study was to determine the effect of formative OSCEs on students’ performance in summative OSCEs in final year medical exams.Methods: This observational study was conducted at surgical B Unit, MTI, Khyber teaching hospital, Peshawar from January to December 2019. A total of 297 consecutive students of final year MBBS, studying in Khyber medical college were included in the study. Students who had repeated the year were excluded. Examination scores of formative OSCEs taken in the ward and the subsequent summative OSCEs taken in the subject of surgery were analyzed to determine the effect on summative OSCE performance. Data was analyzed using SPSS 23. Chi square test was used and p>0.05 was taken as statistically significant.Results: Out of 297 students, 188 (63.3%) were males and 109 (36.7%) were females. Of these, 243 (81.8%) students appeared in the formative OSCEs whereas 54 (18.2%) students did not appear in the formative OSCEs. The result of the subsequent summative OSCEs showed that those students who appeared in formative OSCEs showed a better performance in summative OSCEs (p<0.001) with majority of students (53.5%) having scores above 80%.Conclusions: Formative OSCEs enhance students’ performance in summative OSCEs. Repetitive formative OSCE sessions along with regular feedback should be incorporated in the medical curriculum for better performance of medical students in their final year undergraduate exams.  

Perceptions of Final Year Medical Students about Family Medicine as A Career Choice in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dur-e- Nishat
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Family Medicine ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: Family medicine is a field in which complete and detailed set of healthcare services are provided to the patients and their families. In developed countries, freshly graduated students choose family medicine as a priority for their career. However, in Pakistan it is not the case. The present study is undertaken to determine the perceptions of final year medical students’ about Family Medicine as a viable career. Methods: A total number of 504 students participated in the study. This was a cross-sectional study. The study participants were in their final year of medical college. Data was collected using a preapproved questionnaire. Data was entered and analyzed via SPSS version 17 and Chi-Square test was used post-stratification. Results: Only 14.3% (n=72) medical students had heard about Family Medicine. Only 18% (n=92) would select family medicine as a profession. The most frequent rationale for choosing the field of Family Medicine was the variety of patients seen in general practice (55.4% n=51). Conclusion: There is a dire need to focus on increasing awareness about the field of family medicine among medical students. The students should be counseled on the advantages along with the disadvantages of choosing this field as a medical profession.

scholarly journals Is Audio Visual Method Better than Traditional for Medical Students? - A Better Survey Report

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rukhsana Parvin ◽  
Md Nazmul Haque ◽  
Naser Ahmed ◽  
Reza Ahmad ◽  
Md Imran Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Formal Training ◽  
Delivery Methods ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Teaching Aids ◽  
Survey Report ◽  
Power Point Presentation ◽  
Power Point ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Medical Colleges

Objectives: Different teaching aids are advocated in the medical colleges for delivery of lectures such as power point presentation, blackboard, transparency sheet, overhead projectors, extempore and lecture sheets .The aim of our study was to compare the more acceptable teaching methods between the students of Dhaka Medical College and Enam Medical College. Materials and Methods: Total one hundred students were selected from fourth year in each medical college. They were asked to fill in a fourteen item questionnaire about their perception of five lecture delivery methods. Questionnaire was properly explained. The results were analyzed separately to find out any differences between preferences of teaching methods in both medical colleges. Results: In DMC 50% students preferred traditional blackboard method ,25% PowerPoint presentations, 5% both blackboard and PowerPoint, 16% extempore and 4% lecture sheet .On the other hand, in EMC, 53% mentioned PowerPoint presentation as most acceptable, 38% blackboard, 5% combined blackboard and PowerPoint and 4% extempore. Some important comments were recorded which could be valuable for the medical teachers. Conclusion: The study showed that students of DMC clearly prefer traditional blackboard method rather than other teaching aids, whereas students of EMC prefer PowerPoint presentation. The study does not bring out any evidence based superiority of any lecture delivery method. It appears that any teaching aid can be appropriate and effective if the teachers are properly trained. This highlights the need for formal training in teaching technologies for good presentation and thus motivate the students. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmed.v21i2.13612 Bangladesh J Medicine 2010; 21: 60-64

scholarly journals Knowledge of Pressure Ulcer Management among Nurses

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisha Shrestha ◽  
P Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Ulcer ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Experience Education

Background: Pressure ulcer (PU) development remains a significant complication among at-risk patients. It is considered “never events” because they are preventable and should “never” happen. It has been associated with increased morbidity, mortality, hospital cost and length of stay in the hospital. Prevention of pressure ulcers is considered a nurse-sensitive indicator hence nurses should have adequate knowledge about current evidence-based prevention and management of pressure ulcer. However, non adherence to these guidelines is frequent and lack of knowledge may act as barriers to using guidelines in clinical practice.Objectives: The objectives of the study were to 1. assess the knowledge of pressure ulcer management among nurses 2. determine the level of knowledge of pressure ulcer management among nurses 3. assess the association of knowledge of nurses and baseline variables.Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted, using pretested self administered questionnaire to assess the knowledge on pressure ulcer management among purposively selected 100 nurses working in Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital in 2015. Descriptive statistics as frequency and percentage were used and inferential statistics (Chi-square test) was done to find out association between knowledge and selected baseline variables.Results: The study revealed that 59% of the respondents had adequate knowledge where as 41% of nurse’s knowledge was found to be inadequate. Significant association was not found between age, working ward, experience, education, training, duration and knowledge of pressure ulcer management among Nurses.Conclusion: This result indicates that more than half of the nurses had the adequate knowledge but there is still need of education and training related pressure ulcer management.Journal of Gandaki Medical CollegeVolume, 09, Number 2, July December  2016, Page: 47-51

scholarly journals ANTIBIOGRAM PROFILE AND BIOFILM FORMING POTENTIAL OF PSEUDOMONAS SPECIES ISOLATED FROM VARIOUS CLINICAL SPECIMENS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Jamsheera Cp ◽  
Ethel Suman
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Biofilm Production ◽  
Pseudomonas Species ◽  
Chi Square Test

Objective: The present study aimed at finding the resistance pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other Pseudomonas species isolated from various clinical specimens in the laboratory.Methods: A total of 150 isolates of different species of Pseudomonas obtained from various clinical specimens processed at the Microbiology laboratory of Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, were taken for this study. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method and interpreted according to the CLSI guidelines. Biofilm assay was performed by modified O’Toole and Kolter method. The results were analyzed using SPSS 17.0 and Student’s unpaired t-test, Kruskal–Wallis, Mann–Whitney, ANOVA, and Chi-square test. p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Increased resistance was observed by P. aeruginosa to cefotaxime, cotrimoxazole, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, and ticarcillin clavulanate. There was also a good correlation between antibiotic resistance to aztreonam, netilmicin, and ceftazidime and biofilm production. Results of the present study, therefore, demonstrated the occurrence of resistance to various antipseudomonal agents among the biofilm-producing P. aeruginosa isolates.Conclusion: The present study may help in assessing the seriousness of drug resistance caused by biofilm formation in P. aeruginosa and devise strategies through antibiotic policies to minimize such problems.

scholarly journals A demographic analysis of consumers’ preference for green products

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Bashiru Jibril ◽  
Michael Adu Kwarteng ◽  
Miloslava Chovancova
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Practical Implication ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Herbal Product ◽  
Nonparametric Test ◽  
Green Product ◽  
Green Products ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Strength Of Association

Purpose – the aim of this research is to understand and present the outcomes of the strength of association between consumers and the use of the green (herbal) product from a demographic viewpoint. By extension, it measures the magnitude of dependents among demographic factors influencing the use of the green product in a developing country. Research methodology – to evaluate consumer’s demographics on the use of the green (herbal) product, 207 participants took part in the survey through a structured questionnaire. Data were obtained from users of green products (specifically herbs) in Ghana. A nonparametric test precisely chi-square test (x2) and Spearman's correlation rs were employed for our empirical analysis. Findings – the paper indicated the youthful population as the highest number of users of the green product in the herbal market. Results from the nonparametric test (Spearman’s rho) revealed that demographic factors (gender, age, education, and occupation) have an inverse relationship on the use of the green product. Whiles the chi-square test also discloses insignificant relationships among the observed attributes. This suggests that there is no empirical evidence to support the claim that use of green product depends on demographic factors of consumers. Research limitations – the limitation of this study considered the research scope, taking into account a smaller sample size for the study hence, future researchers should expand the sample size as well the other demographic variables necessary for a similar study. Practical implications – the practical implication of this study gives insights to practitioners and marketers in the herbal industry on how best they can progress in their quest to sustain in the business. Originality/Value – the present study aided in widening the scope of consumer behaviour towards the green product in the marketing discipline taken into consideration the widespread competition in the business nowadays especially in the herbal (green product) market

scholarly journals Classroom Attentiveness of Children from Home with Inter Parental Violence in Chamwino District, Tanzania

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (Issue 4) ◽  
pp. 66-74
Author(s):  
Simion Kaminyoge Ambakisye
Keyword(s):  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Parental Violence ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Parental Conflicts ◽  
The Relationship

This study investigated on classroom attentiveness of children from home with inter parental violence in Chamwino, Dodoma, Tanzania. The study employed the cross-sectional survey design whereby 312 out of 652 children from five secondary schools were randomly selected to participate by filling the questionnaire. Chi square test was employed to determine the relationship between violence against mothers and children’s attentiveness at the 0.05 level of significance. The results indicated a significant relationship between parental conflicts and lack of pupils’ adequate concentration in learning. The findings further showed that female children whose mothers are accustomed to violence are more inattentive than male children during the teaching and learning processes. The study recommends that effective intervention strategies such as developing training through psycho education within families, schools and the community be in place.

scholarly journals ULTRASOUND PREDICTABILITY OF LOWER UTERINE SEGMENT CESAREAN SECTION SCAR THICKNESS

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-11
Author(s):  
Madhu Kumari ◽  
Kumari Bibha ◽  
Abha Sinha ◽  
Debarshi Jana
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Uterine Scar ◽  
Age Range ◽  
The Given

Objective: The objective of this study is to find out association between scar thickness, assessed sonographically, and intraoperative findings (IOF). Study Design: Descriptive study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sri Krishna Medical College and Hospital, Muzaffarpur, Bihar from June 2019 to May 2020. Methodology: A total of 70 pregnant patients were included in this study. Transabdominal ultrasound was done for scarred uteri. Sonographic findings were co-related with introperative findings. All the given data were entered on SPSS version 23. Age was expressed as mean ± SD. Parity, gestational age, and interval between cesarean sections were expressed as frequencies with percentages. Statistical analysis was done by using Chi-square test for categorical data for association between sonographic scar thickness and intraoperative findings. The statistical significance was set at p-value <0.05. Results: The age range of the patients was 20- 36 years with a mean of 27.91 ±3.690 years. Gestational age at the time of cesarean section was between 27-40 weeks of gestation with a mean of 37 ±2.126 weeks. The interval from previous cesarean was 10 months at the minimum, and 6 years at the maximum with a mean of 2.29 ±1.0 months. Mean scar thickness was 2.5 mm. Association between scar thickness (<1-3 mm) and intaoperative findings of dehiscence and rupture showed a p-value of <0.001. Conclusion: Sonographic assessment of a uterine scar has a practical application to determine the thickness of previous scar, and assess its integrity.

scholarly journals N-Acetyl Cysteine Ameliorates Hepatotoxicity Associated with the Use of Methotrexate in Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1008-1010
Author(s):  
Aamna Khokhar ◽  
Iram Kehkashan Khurshid ◽  
Sadia Lodhi ◽  
Alia Sarfaraz ◽  
Muhammad Arif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Ethical Review ◽  
Trial Methodology ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Respective Treatment ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Post Hoc

Background: Liver is not only involved in maintaining homeostasis but also exhibits significant role in metabolism and detoxification of various drugs and toxins. Aim: To explore the hepato-protective role of N-acetylcysteine against methotrexate induced hepato-toxicity. Study design: Randomized controlled trial. Methodology: This study having mice (n=18) was carried out after ethical review committee’s (ERC) approval at Foundation university medical college in collaboration of National institute of health, Islamabad in 2017. Single intraperitoneal injection (20mg/kg) of methotrexate induced hepato-toxicity. Hepatoprotective effect was assessed by oral administration N-acetylcysteine (50mg/kg) alone with methotrexate. The extent of liver damage and effect of protective agents were determined by measuring serum ALT, AST, ALP after 24 hours of respective treatment. Liver samples were taken for histological analysis. One way ANOVA followed by Post Hoc Tukey test was applied for multiple comparisons of biochemical markers between the groups. Histopathological findings were analyzed by Chi Square test. p < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Significant (p < 0.05) hepatotoxicity was seen with substantial elevation in serum ALT, AST and ALP with methotrexate. N-acetylcysteine attenuated the methotrexate induced hepatotoxicity significantly (p < 0.05). The histopathological examination showed mild steatosis along with focal pleomorphism in the liver of mice that received methotrexate in comparison to group treated with N-acetylcysteine and methotrexate though minimal inflammation was seen. Conclusion: We concluded that N-acetylcysteine ameliorates the methotrexate induced hepatotoxicity on when used concomitantly. Keywords: Hepatotoxicity, N-acetylcysteine and Methotrexate

scholarly journals Variations in the course and branching pattern of musculocutaneous nerve

2013 ◽  
Vol 02 (04) ◽  
pp. 195-199
Author(s):  
Amar Jayanthi A. ◽  
Arunkumar K G.
Keyword(s):  
Median Nerve ◽  
Growth Cone ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Musculocutaneous Nerve ◽  
Axonal Pathfinding ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstract Background and aim: The variations in the course and communicating branches of musculocutaneous nerve is of clinical importance in the treatment of recurrent compression neuropathies and in the diagnosis of median nerve lesions. Most of the reports on anatomical variations of musculocutaneous nerve are single case studies and such studies with emphasis on gender difference in a sample of Keralite population are rarely reported. The objective of the present study is to observe the variations in the course of musculocutaneous nerve with special reference to communications with other nerves of the arm and to study the correlation between gender and variations of the nerve. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and sixty four arms were dissected in the department of Anatomy, Government medical college, Thrissur and studied for variations of muculocutaneous nerve. Analysis was done with epi info, using proportions, confidence interval and Chi Square test. The communications noted were classified using the available classifications of Le Minor, Venieratos and Anagnostopoulou and Choi et al. Results: Nerve variations were seen in 24.2 % cases which include, absence of the nerve (3.4%), nerve not piercing coracobrachialis (12.4%) and communication to median nerve (15.1 %). All the variations observed were statistically not significant. The embryological basis for the axonal pathfinding is considered as a result of both guidance molecules and electrical activity that change the calcium homeostasis within the growth cone to regulate growth cone turning. Conclusion: Variations that were observed in the present study may give sufficient and relevant data on the nerves, among Keralite population in which studies are few.

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