scholarly journals Biogas Production from Anaerobic Digestion of Biodegradable Household Wastes

1970 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harka Man Lungkhimba ◽  
Amrit Bahadur Karki ◽  
Jagan Nath Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Biogas Plant ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Fertilizer Value ◽  
Average Maximum ◽  
Cellulosic Waste ◽  
In The Beginning

This study focuses on production of biogas as an alternative energy by using biodegradable wastes (BWs) in view of solving waste management at household level. The research was conducted on ARTI model compact biogas plant of 1 m3 digester and 0.75 m3 gasholder in focusing the management of daily collected biodegradable wastes (1-2 kg) produced from households. Both laboratory and field analyses were carried out. Methane content in biogas was determined by Biogas Analyzer Gas Board-3200P. Average maximum of about 235 l gas was recorded per day with corresponding to 65 min/day burning hour with the gas flame of energy value 1.55 MJ/h. According to the plant owners, the burning period of the gas was approximately 2 h/day during the spring and pre-monsoon seasons. The average gas production (per kg) from fresh waste materials was approximately 60 l. The use of high moisture containing cellulosic waste materials and incomplete digestion due to lower digester temperature were the major causes of lower gas yield. The proportion of methane exceeded by carbondioxide in the beginning but then after gradually methane exceeded carbondioxide and reached 56.43% on an average. Although fertilizer value in terms of NPK increased gradually but it remained below 1% except K, which was found to be 1.22%. Simple payback periods of 4.81, 7.57 and 7.20 years were found in kerosene, firewood, and LPG substitutions respectively. Key words: alternative energy; biogas analyzer; compact biogas plant; methane; simple payback period DOI: 10.3126/njst.v11i0.4140Nepal Journal of Science and Technology 11 (2010) 167-172

scholarly journals Sertanejo biodigestor: a social technology, an alternative source of energy

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 630-642
Author(s):  
Reginaldo Alves De Souza ◽  
Marília Regina Costa Castro Lyra ◽  
Renata Maria Caminha M. de O. Carvalho ◽  
José Coelho de Araújo Filho
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Social Technology ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Material Source ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Farming Families

The use of biogas as an alternative to using liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) for cooking food in the context of family farming is something recent and has ample room for growth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of the Sertanejo biodigester by farming families as a social technology for cooking gas production, as well as an alternative energy source. It also aimed to identify elements which contribute to disseminating this technology as an alternative to the use of firewood, charcoal and LPG. Quali-quantitative approaches were used following the exploratory method, with interviews and non-probabilistic sampling. A population with 132 units of biodigesters in the Agreste mesoregion of the State of Pernambuco was considered, with 83 interviews being collected. The results indicated that the Sertanejo biodigester social technology provides an increase in the income of farming families, avoids the use of firewood and charcoal for cooking food and produces biofertilizer for crops. They also showed that its non-continuous use or deactivation is related to a lack of raw material and the need for maintenance. Given this scenario, its implementation must consider the availability of a raw material source in the production unit and the potential for biogas production from the existing herd and consumption demand. It is recommended to strengthen arguments of economic and environmental impact for low-income families to disseminate this technology; to encourage the use of biogas associated with other activities in the production system; and to incorporate biodigestor social technology in rural credit financing lines.

scholarly journals KAJIAN POTENSI PEMANFAATAN BIOGAS SEBAGAI SALAH SATU SUMBER ENERGI ALTERNATIF DI WILAYAH MAGELANG

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rany Puspita Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Alternative Energy Source ◽  
Liquid Petroleum Gas ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One ◽  
Potential Area

The increasing consumption of fossil-based energy especially LPG (Liquid Petroleum Gas) that is not balanced with the availability of energy source, required a development of alternative energy with abundant amount and environmentally friendly. One of alternative energy source feasible to develop is the one from biomass waste that is livestock manure. Magelang becomes one of potential area in Central Jawa as biogas development. Biogas is produced by using digester anaerobically. Magelang has livestock about 142.127 with potency of gas production about 86.690 m3. The resulted biogas production equals to 43.345 kg of LPG or 14.448 of LPG 3 kg which is can fullfill the cooking needs for about 278 households in one year.

scholarly journals PRODUKSI BIOGAS DARI SAMPAH BUAH DAN SAYUR : PENGARUH VOLATILE SOLID DAN LIMONEN

Konversi ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Piyantina Rukmini
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Orange Peel ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Volatile Solid ◽  
Start Up ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Alternative Energy Resources

Abstrak- Biogas merupakan salah satu sumber energi alternatif yang sedang dikembangkan dan sumber energi yang terbarukan. Bahan baku yang digunakan adalah kulit jeruk busuk (Citrus sinensia osbeck) dan kobis (Brassica oleracea). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh volatile solid dan limonen terhadap produksi biogas. Penelitian menggunakan erlenmeyer 500 mL sebanyak 6 buah, waterbath, manometer air, dan thermometer. Volume total digester 350 mL. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara menghancurkan bahan baku supaya lebih mudah didegradasi oleh bakteri. Oksigen yang bersifat toxic bagi bakteri anaerobik, dapat dihilangkan dengan penambahan N2 dalam digester pada awal operasi. Penelitian dilakukan pada kondisi mesofilik (30 – 400C) selama 50 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada digester yang memiliki VS sama (T1 dan T3 dengan 15% VS, dan T2 dan T4 dengan 20% VS), dengan konsentrasi kulit jeruk/limonen berbeda (T1= 114ppm< T3= 170ppm, dan T2= 152ppm<T4= 225ppm), maka digester dengan konsentrasi kulit jeruk/limonen yang lebih tinggi akan menghasilkan asam asetat lebih tinggi pada setiap minggunya. Akumulasi asam asetat pada fase acethogenesis menyebabkan bakteri methanogen tidak dapat tumbuh dengan optimum pada fase berikutnya (methanogenesis). Pada kondisi yang sama, digester yang memiliki konsentrasi kulit jeruk/limonen yang lebih besar (T1<T3, and T2<T4) akan menghasilkan volume biogas yang lebih besar (T1= 54.963 cm3<T3= 46.372 cm3, T2= 60.314 cm3<T4= 69.191 cm3). Pada konsentrasi kulit jeruk/limonen 114ppm, diperoleh metana dengan kadar 0.1298%V/grVS. Kata kunci: Biogas, digester anaerobic, kulit jeruk, limonen.   Absrtact- Biogas is one of alternative energy resources that is being developed and renewable. The raw material that use were rotten orange (Citrus sinensis osbeck) and cabbage (Brassica oleracea). This research aimed to know influence of volatile solid and limonene the biogas production from fruit and vegetable waste. This research used 6 unit of Erlenmeyer 500 mL, waterbath, water manometer, and thermometer. Total volume of the digester was 350 mL. Adjusment of the pH in the start up was done to make the optimum condition for pH grow of methanogen (6,8 – 7,8). Toxicity of oxygen could be healed by spraying N2 in the digester in the beginning. The research was done under mesophilic conditions (30 – 40)0, during 50 days. The results showed that digester that has same VS (T1 and T2) with 15% VS, T2 and T4 with 20% VS) with different concentration of rotten orange/limonene (T1=114ppm<T3=170ppm, and T2=152ppm<T4=225 ppm), hence digester with higher concentration of orange peel/limonene will produce higher acetic acid every week. Accumulation of acetic acid in acidogenesis phase because of the limonene caused the methanogen bacteria cannot grow in the next phase (methanogenesis). At the same conditions, the volume of biogas that has higher concentration of rotten orange/limonene (T1<T3, and T2<T4) will produce higher accumulation of biogas volume (T1=54.963cm3<T3=46.372 cm3, T2=60.314 cm3<T4=69.191 cm3). At concentration of rotten orange/limonene 114 ppm, would obtain 0.1298%/grVS of methane concentration. Keywords: Biogas, anaerobic digestion, orange peel, limonene

scholarly journals Studies on the Effect of Urine on Biogas Production

1970 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Shamsul Haque ◽  
N Naimul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Biogas Production ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Biogas Plant ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Family Needs ◽  
Wide Spread ◽  
Cooking Energy ◽  
Technology Users

Only 20 % of our rural households in Bangladesh have more than 4 cattle heads and 21 % have more than 2 cattle heads. A 5-8 members family needs 4-6 cattle to run a biogas plant to meet their daily cooking energy. For wide spread dissemination of biogas technology throughout the country it becomes imperative to increase the number of biogas plant users by increasing the gas production rate with the present available cattle heads. It has been found that with the addition of urine to cow-dung gas production has been increased up to 30 % at a proportion of dung, urine and water (50:35:15) which will reduce the number of cattle heads and plant size and hence the construction cost. This will certainly increase the technology users up to 41 % with the present available cattle heads and thereby solve the cooking fuel and organic fertilizer crisis and maintain the hygienic condition. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 41(1-2), 23-32, 2006

scholarly journals Experimental investigation of biogas production from feedlot cattle manure

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Logan Rosenberg ◽  
Gerrit Kornelius
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Production Test ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Significant Difference

Biogas can be generated from biomass in an anaerobic digestion process and used to generate electricity and heat as an alternative energy source to fossil fuel-generated electricity. This study investigated biogas generation from cattle manure dried for periods up to 40 days. Manure samples were analysed for gas yield using the biochemical methane production test. The biogas volume produced by manure samples aged for periods up to 40 days after seeding with cattle rumen fluid was measured as a function of time until there was no further measurable gas production. The biogas was analysed for methane and carbon dioxide content using a gas chromatograph. The corresponding cumulative net biogas yield ranged from 154 to 369 Nml/g.VS respectively. The test results showed that an average of 240 Nml/g.VS of biogas can be produced from cattle manure that is less than 40 days old, with an average methane and carbon dioxide percentage of 63% and 31% respectively. Within 3 to 4 days the manure samples generated 80% of the final biogas volume. The drying process was found to occur at a constant rate per unit area, regardless of the manure thickness up to thickness of 200 mm. Biogas formation closely followed the Gompertz equation. There was no significant difference in the biogas production nor biogas production rate for cattle feedlot manure that was fresh up until aging to 40 days.

scholarly journals Biogas Production from Anaerobic Digestion of Different Biodegradable Materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tika Sapkota ◽  
Jagannath Aryal ◽  
Samir Thapa ◽  
Amrit B Karki
Keyword(s):  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Biodegradable Materials ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Kitchen Waste ◽  
Eupatorium Adenophorum ◽  
Household Level

This study presents the feasibility of different biodegradable materials such as kitchen wastes, water hyacinth (Eichhornia sp.), green garden grass, banana (Musa acuminate) bases, Banmara (Eupatorium adenophorum) and cabbage leaves (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) for biogas production. The experiment was conducted using 0.05 m3 anaerobic bioreactor of ARTI model compact biogas technology under ambient temperature condition in Kathmandu. The minimum and maximum temperature recorded during the study period (March 1 to July 1, 2009) was ranged from 10°C to 33°C. Total solid was found maximum (39.72 percent) in kitchen waste and minimum in cabbage leaves (8.36 percent). Volatile solid was more than 75 percent in all substrates. Organic matter ranged from 34.85 to 68.11 %. Similarly, C/N ratio was found maximum (22.57:1) in kitchen waste. Variations were observed in pH values. It was recorded between 5.7 and 6.8 in the first month but above 7 after second month of the plant installation. Burning of gas was detected after 42 days in cow dung, 52 days in water hyacinth, 80 days in kitchen waste and 70 days in banana base, Banmara, garden grass and cabbage leaves. Similarly, methane concentration after 105 days of plant installation was found to be 53 percent in cow dung, 48.8 percent in kitchen waste, 49.4 percent in water hyacinth, 24.5 percent in banana base, 38.5 percent in Banmara and 41.5 percent in garden grass. Total gas production in four months was found maximum in water hyacinth (45 l/kg TS) and minimum in cabbage (25.78 l/kg TS). The gas production in cow dung, Banana base, Banmara, garden grass and kitchen waste was therefore 41.12 l, 31.14 l, 34.02 l, 27.78 l and 32.12 l per kg of TS respectively. The purpose of designing this micro ARTI model plant was to test the feasibility of selected biodegradable materials for biogas production to be relevant in household level. Nepal Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 13, No. 2 (2012) 123-128 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v13i2.7724

Evaluation of Biological Degraded Keratin for Biogas Production Using Dry Anaerobic Digestion System

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-89
Author(s):  
Sinta Setyaningrum ◽  
Regina J Patinvoh ◽  
Ronny Purwadi ◽  
Mohammad Taherzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Hair Culture ◽  
Farming Industry ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Anaerobic digestion is a methane gas production process that can be used as sustainable alternative energy. Anaerobic digestion utilized various types of organic waste as substrate for the reaction process. Keratin waste is an organic waste mainly produced from the poultry and farming industry. Pretreatment is usually required to hydrolyzed keratin protein complex as the amino acid is easily used as the substrate in anaerobic digestion reaction. Biological pretreatment was selected because it more energy saver and generating diverse types of amino acid monomers. Three types of keratins used in this research were feathers, wool, and hair. Culture of Bacillus sp. C4 were inoculated into keratins and incubated for 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours. The chicken feathers produce the soluble protein as much as 7.23 mg/ml, 32.59 mg/ml and 45.99 mg/ml respectively, while the sheep wool produce 24.08 mg/ml, 36.73 mg/ml and 38.75 mg/ml respectively according to incubation time. Meanwhile, keratin hair cannot be degraded by Bacillus sp. C4 at all. Free ammonia formed by hydrolysis of proteins is suspected to be an inhibitor in the methanogenesis process, as total methane produced from degraded keratin only 256,6 ml C4/gr VS in 36 days retention time.

Biogas Production Using Anaerobic Digestion of Industrial Waste

2016 ◽  
Vol 832 ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
Ján Gaduš ◽  
Tomáš Giertl ◽  
Viera Kažimírová
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Biogas Plant ◽  
Parallel Operation ◽  
Paper Production ◽  
Biochemical Conversion ◽  
Mixed Biomass ◽  
Economic Balance

In the paper experiments and theory of biogas production using industrial waste from paper production as a co-substrate are described. The main aim of the experiments was to evaluate the sensitivity and applicability of the biochemical conversion using the anaerobic digestion of the mixed biomass in the pilot fermentor (5 m3), where the mesophillic temperature was maintained. It was in parallel operation with a large scale fermentor (100 m3). The research was carried out at the biogas plant in Kolíňany, which is a demonstration facility of the Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra. The experiments proved that the waste arising from the paper production can be used in case of its appropriate dosing as an input substrate for biogas production, and thus it can improve the economic balance of the biogas plant.

scholarly journals Innovations in anaerobic digestion: a model-based study

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karol Postawa ◽  
Jerzy Szczygieł ◽  
Marek Kułażyński
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Biogas Plant ◽  
Methane Content ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Increasing the efficiency of the biogas production process is possible by modifying the technological installations of the biogas plant. In this study, specific solutions based on a mathematical model that lead to favorable results were proposed. Three configurations were considered: classical anaerobic digestion (AD) and its two modifications, two-phase AD (TPAD) and autogenerative high-pressure digestion (AHPD). The model has been validated based on measurements from a biogas plant located in Poland. Afterward, the TPAD and AHPD concepts were numerically tested for the same volume and feeding conditions. Results The TPAD system increased the overall biogas production from 9.06 to 9.59%, depending on the feedstock composition, while the content of methane was slightly lower in the whole production chain. On the other hand, the AHPD provided the best purity of the produced fuel, in which a methane content value of 82.13% was reached. At the same time, the overpressure leads to a decrease of around 7.5% in the volumetric production efficiency. The study indicated that the dilution of maize silage with pig manure, instead of water, can have significant benefits in the selected configurations. The content of pig slurry strengthens the impact of the selected process modifications—in the first case, by increasing the production efficiency, and in the second, by improving the methane content in the biogas. Conclusions The proposed mathematical model of the AD process proved to be a valuable tool for the description and design of biogas plant. The analysis shows that the overall impact of the presented process modifications is mutually opposite. The feedstock composition has a moderate and unsteady impact on the production profile, in the tested modifications. The dilution with pig manure, instead of water, leads to a slightly better efficiency in the classical configuration. For the TPAD process, the trend is very similar, but the AHPD biogas plant indicates a reverse tendency. Overall, the recommendation from this article is to use the AHPD concept if the composition of the biogas is the most important. In the case in which the performance is the most important factor, it is favorable to use the TPAD configuration.

scholarly journals Empirical Validation of a Biogas Plant Simulation Model and Analysis of Biogas Upgrading Potentials

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2424
Author(s):  
Jan Martin Zepter ◽  
Jan Engelhardt ◽  
Tatiana Gabderakhmanova ◽  
Mattia Marinelli
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Biogas Plant ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biogas Upgrading ◽  
Integrated Energy Systems ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Biogas Plants ◽  
Plant Simulation ◽  
Kinetics Of

Biogas plants may support the transformation towards renewable-based and integrated energy systems by providing dispatchable co-generation as well as opportunities for biogas upgrading or power-to-X conversion. In this paper, a simulation model that comprises the main dynamics of the internal processes of a biogas plant is developed. Based on first-order kinetics of the anaerobic digestion process, the biogas production of an input feeding schedule of raw material can be estimated. The output of the plant in terms of electrical and thermal energy is validated against empirical data from a 3-MW biogas plant on the Danish island of Bornholm. The results show that the model provides an accurate representation of the processes within a biogas plant. The paper further provides insights on the functioning of the biogas plant on Bornholm as well as discusses upgrading potentials of biogas to biomethane at the plant from an energy perspective.

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