scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF CARCINO¬GENIC RISK TO PUBLIC HEALTH FROM AIR POLLUTION WITH FORMALDEHYDE IN THE CITY OF ZAPORIZHZHYA

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (37) ◽  
pp. 149-155
Author(s):  
K. Belokon ◽  
O. Matukhno
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Scientific Technical ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Acute And Chronic Exposure ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The city of Zaporizhzhya is one of the most technologically advanced cities in Ukraine with significant scientific, technical and production potential. The city's industry is based on the metallurgical complex, which has a great influence on the state of the atmospheric air. This problem is of particular relevance in the Zavodskoy and Voznesenovsky districts of the city with a significant concentration of ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy enterprises, which certainly emphasizes the relevance of solving issues of protecting the health of the population living in these areas. The article examines the assessment of the carcinogenic risk to the health of the population of the Zavodskoy and Voznesenovsky districts from the impact of formaldehyde emissions. The composition of emissions from stationary sources of industrial enterprises contains a variety of chemical compounds, of which the most common are suspended matter (aerosols, dust), carbon monoxide (II), nitrogen oxide (IV), formaldehyde and others. Their ingress into the human body leads to a deterioration in health, damage to organs and systems, the occurrence of chronic diseases. The results of calculations of the individual and population carcinogenic risk to the health of the population in Zavodskoy and Voznesenovsky districts under acute and chronic exposure indicate an average level of risk (10-4<ICR<10-3), that is, acceptable for professional groups and unacceptable for the general population, typical for most large industrial cities. The emergence of such a risk requires the development and implementation of planned health measures. Comparing the average individual carcinogenic and population levels of risk to public health in the two study areas with acute and chronic exposure, it can be noted that the level of carcinogenic risk in Voznesenovsky district is higher than in Zavodskoy.

scholarly journals Assessment of the impact of air pollution by heat power plant emissions on the health of the population of Novokuznetsk

2019 ◽  
pp. 348-352
Author(s):  
R. A. Golikov ◽  
V. V. Kislitsyna ◽  
D. V. Surzhikov ◽  
A. M. Oleshchenko ◽  
M. A. Mukasheva
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Hexavalent Chromium ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Introduction. Th e study of the infl uence of air pollution on the health of the population of industrial cities is an urgent task of preventive medicine.The purpose of the study— assessment of risk for population health of the city of Novokuznetsk, associated with the receipt in atmospheric air of polluting substances from SC «Kuznetsk TPP».Materials and methods.The paper presents the results of risk assessment for the health of the population of Novokuznetsk from the impact of atmospheric emissions of coal thermal power plant. Risks were calculated in accordance with the «Guidelines for the assessment of public health risks from exposure to chemicals that pollute the environment».Results.It was found that sulfur dioxide, coal ash, nitrogen dioxide had the largest share in the index of non-carcinogenic hazard of emissions. Th e maximum hazard index of carcinogenic substances was detected in hexavalent chromium. Th e greatest risk of immediate action, manifested in the development of refl ex reactions, was detected at two points of exposure to concentrations; it was determined by the infl uence of coal ash. In the formation of the risk of chronic intoxication, coal ash, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen oxide had the greatest impact; the greatest risk was detected at three points. Th e hazard coeffi  cients of the concentrations ranged from 2.04×10–4 to 6.723. The maximum index of danger equal to 29.31, corresponded to the residential district of Lenin square. Th e highest levels of carcinogenic risk identifi ed at three points were determined by exposure to hexavalent chromium.Conclusion.Th e work identifi ed environmentally disadvantaged neighborhoods of the city. It is shown that the main contribution to the formation of non-carcinogenic risk of health disorders of the city’s population is made by nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide, coal ash, sulfur dioxide. Th e main carcinogen is hexavalent chromium. Th e total values of risks expressed in the multiplicities of excess of acceptable risk, for most points exceed 1, indicating a signifi cant impact of emissions on the health of the population. A set of atmospheric protection measures aimed at reducing risks to public health is recommended. 

Organization of monitoring of carcinogens in the atmospheric air of the city and assessment of the health risk

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
Oleg Vladimirovich Klepikov ◽  
Yuriy Ivanovich Stepkin ◽  
Semen Aleksandrovich Kurolap ◽  
Sergey Aleksandrovich Yeprintsev
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Probable Presence ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The City

The aim of the study was to assess the carcinogenic risk to the health of the population of an industrialized city, caused by the probable presence of carcinogens in the ambient air. The results of laboratory control of the content of carcinogens in the atmospheric air of the city of Voronezh for 2017–2020 were used as the initial data. The carcinogenic risk was assessed in accordance with the provisions of Guideline R. 2.1.10.1920–04 «Guidelines for assessing the risk to public health when exposed to chemicals that pollute the environment.» Taking into account the regional peculiarities of the composition of pollutant emissions into the atmospheric air, 1,3-butadiene (source — production of synthetic rubber) should be classified as priority carcinogens requiring systematic monitoring and measures to reduce the volume of emissions and, accordingly, concentrations in the surface layer of atmospheric air and chromium 6+ compounds (the main source is an aircraft plant). These substances, depending on the territory (transport or industrial), contribute 69.9–75.7 % and 21.7–26.9 %, respectively, to the total values of the individual carcinogenic risk (from 4.27 × 10 –3 to 4.90 × 10 –3 for the adult population, from 3.38 × 10 –4 to 3.82 × 10 –4 for children 6 years old). For the rest of the laboratory controlled carcinogens (formaldehyde, lead, soot, styrene), the risks do not exceed the maximum permissible value. It was found that the territorial coverage of the urban area of Voronezh by monitoring the content of carcinogens in the atmospheric air (5 stationary and 5 route observation posts) and the number of laboratory-determined carcinogens (6 out of 18 taken into account in the projects of maximum permissible emissions of enterprises) is insufficient to obtain reliable information on the value carcinogenic risk to public health. To reduce the associated uncertainties in assessing the carcinogenic risk, further studies of the content of 8 carcinogens (1,3-butadiene, formaldehyde, lead, carbon black, chromium 6+, benzene, benz/a/pyrene, styrene) are planned at 13 additional control points of the urban area.

scholarly journals Experience in using statistical and mathematical technologies to assess the impact of atmospheric pollution on public health in a large industrial center

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (7) ◽  
pp. 663-667
Author(s):  
Dmitry V. Surzhikov ◽  
Vera V. Kislitsyna ◽  
Varvara A. Shtaiger ◽  
Roman A. Golikov
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Atmospheric Pollution ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Coal Processing ◽  
Public Health Risk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Introduction. The issue of air pollution is relevant in cities where the majority of the population lives and a large number of industrial enterprises are concentrated in relatively small areas. Currently, the federal project “Clean Air” is being implemented in 12 industrial centres of Russia within the framework of the national project “Ecology”. The purpose of the work was to justify using statistical and mathematical methods for assessing the impact of atmospheric pollution on the health of the population in the city of Novokuznetsk, Kemerovo region. Materials and methods. The following methods were used: assessment and management of public health risk, statistical analysis methods: factor analysis, multiple regression analysis, discriminant analysis. Results. Statistical indices and public health risk parameters can be used to assess the impact. Examples of the effect of complex pollution indices (the main components of pollution, the integral indicator P) and the concentrations of individual impurities in the air basin (suspended substances, ozone) were given. The carcinogenic risk to the population of Novokuznetsk, calculated from the calculated concentrations of atmospheric pollutants, was found to exceed the acceptable risk threshold. The specific weight of carcinogens in the formation of the risk to other oncological incidence was determined. An assessment of the risk from the emissions of a coal-processing plant located near residential areas of the city was carried out. The values of the hazard indices showed an excess of the acceptable non-carcinogenic risk only from the emissions of the coal processing plant, taking into account the background level of air pollution in the air basin. Conclusion. In Novokuznetsk, it is proposed to use the method of ranking atmospheric protection measures in terms of the unit cost of risk reduction in health risk management. To manage the risk, it is proposed to calculate the population indices of aerogenic hazard or the probabilistic parameters of the individual threat associated with air pollution. It is noted that a 20-22% reduction in pollutant emissions for Novokuznetsk may not be enough. The reasonable measures for the further study of the aerogenic impact on the population of the city are presented.

TO THE QUESTION OF THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE ECOLOGICAL STATE OF ARTIFICIAL PLANTATIONS OF PITSUNDSKAYA PINE IN THE SEASIDE AREA OF GELENDZHIK

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizaveta Derevenets ◽  
Elizaveta Derevenets
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Standard Technique ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
The Road ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Federal Highway ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Gelendzhik is the resort town, there aren't a lot of industrial enterprises here. The main pollutant is transport. The work purpose is the assessment of a condition of the artificial landings of a pine located along the Federal highway "Don" and landings, which is nearly the sea coast. Researches were conducted to a standard technique of the General vital state (A. S. Bogolyubov). The assessment of a condition of pines was carried out during 6 years: from 2010 to 2015. For carrying out research we used 6 experimental grounds on the Markotkhsky spine and 2 control grounds within the town. We investigated 24 trees on each platform, middle age of the trees were 30 - 40 years. Results. 1. The condition of trees in the pine forests located in immediate proximity with the Federal highway "Don" (No. 1, 2, 3) is unsatisfactory. As even weak influences of the majority of atmospheric gaseous pollutants (sulphurous gas, nitrogen oxides, etc.) give effect of a necrosis and hloroz of pine needles, the condition of pines is connected with technogenic pollution. So near the Federal highway "Don" the air environment is strongly polluted by exhaust gases. Information of 2012 confirm that negative influence of the route on Markotkh's vegetation decreases at reduction of load of the route. 2. On the sites located above on a slope (No. 4,5,6) thanks to remoteness and the wind mode intensity of influence of pollutants is lower and a condition of pines the quite satisfactory. 3. Trees on the sites located near the sea (No. 7,8) are in a good shape. Small deterioration of a state is noted in very droughty years. Conclusion. Results of six years' research show that the condition of the plantings which are in close proximity with the road worsens. It is explained by increase in intensity of the movement on the road, especially during a resort season. Gelendzhik is the city with a good ecological shape, but the damage to environment is already caused. If not to take measures, we can lose a unique part of the nature in the future, recreate it will be impossible. Measures of reduction of negative impact of exhaust gases were offered. Results of researches are transferred to ecological department of the City administration of Gelendzhik.

TO THE QUESTION OF THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE ECOLOGICAL STATE OF ARTIFICIAL PLANTATIONS OF PITSUNDSKAYA PINE IN THE SEASIDE AREA OF GELENDZHIK

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizaveta Derevenets ◽  
Elizaveta Derevenets
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Standard Technique ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
The Road ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Federal Highway ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Gelendzhik is the resort town, there aren't a lot of industrial enterprises here. The main pollutant is transport. The work purpose is the assessment of a condition of the artificial landings of a pine located along the Federal highway "Don" and landings, which is nearly the sea coast. Researches were conducted to a standard technique of the General vital state (A. S. Bogolyubov). The assessment of a condition of pines was carried out during 6 years: from 2010 to 2015. For carrying out research we used 6 experimental grounds on the Markotkhsky spine and 2 control grounds within the town. We investigated 24 trees on each platform, middle age of the trees were 30 - 40 years. Results. 1. The condition of trees in the pine forests located in immediate proximity with the Federal highway "Don" (No. 1, 2, 3) is unsatisfactory. As even weak influences of the majority of atmospheric gaseous pollutants (sulphurous gas, nitrogen oxides, etc.) give effect of a necrosis and hloroz of pine needles, the condition of pines is connected with technogenic pollution. So near the Federal highway "Don" the air environment is strongly polluted by exhaust gases. Information of 2012 confirm that negative influence of the route on Markotkh's vegetation decreases at reduction of load of the route. 2. On the sites located above on a slope (No. 4,5,6) thanks to remoteness and the wind mode intensity of influence of pollutants is lower and a condition of pines the quite satisfactory. 3. Trees on the sites located near the sea (No. 7,8) are in a good shape. Small deterioration of a state is noted in very droughty years. Conclusion. Results of six years' research show that the condition of the plantings which are in close proximity with the road worsens. It is explained by increase in intensity of the movement on the road, especially during a resort season. Gelendzhik is the city with a good ecological shape, but the damage to environment is already caused. If not to take measures, we can lose a unique part of the nature in the future, recreate it will be impossible. Measures of reduction of negative impact of exhaust gases were offered. Results of researches are transferred to ecological department of the City administration of Gelendzhik.

scholarly journals Harnessing testing strategies and public health measures to avert COVID-19 outbreaks during ocean cruises

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerardo Chowell ◽  
Sushma Dahal ◽  
Raquel Bono ◽  
Kenji Mizumoto
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Contact Network ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Testing Strategies ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

AbstractTo ensure the safe operation of schools, workplaces, nursing homes, and other businesses during COVID-19 pandemic there is an urgent need to develop cost-effective public health strategies. Here we focus on the cruise industry which was hit early by the COVID-19 pandemic, with more than 40 cruise ships reporting COVID-19 infections. We apply mathematical modeling to assess the impact of testing strategies together with social distancing protocols on the spread of the novel coronavirus during ocean cruises using an individual-level stochastic model of the transmission dynamics of COVID-19. We model the contact network, the potential importation of cases arising during shore excursions, the temporal course of infectivity at the individual level, the effects of social distancing strategies, different testing scenarios characterized by the test’s sensitivity profile, and testing frequency. Our findings indicate that PCR testing at embarkation and daily testing of all individuals aboard, together with increased social distancing and other public health measures, should allow for rapid detection and isolation of COVID-19 infections and dramatically reducing the probability of onboard COVID-19 community spread. In contrast, relying only on PCR testing at embarkation would not be sufficient to avert outbreaks, even when implementing substantial levels of social distancing measures.

scholarly journals QUALITY ASSESSMENT TERRITORY ADJACENT TO THE «DRILLING EQUIPMENT PLANT»

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-71
Author(s):  
Marina Yuryevna Garitskaya ◽  
Alina Ivanovna Baitelova ◽  
Ludmila Andreevna Pikus ◽  
Kristina Andreevna Kosacheva
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Orenburg Region ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Drilling Equipment ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Soil, performing a number of important functions is the geomembrane and affects the flow of most processes in the biosphere. Wherein geochemical processes occurring in the soil play an important role in the fate of contaminants as organic matter while controlling their redistribution in the ecosystem between its various components are generally leads to the formation of stable areas of contamination. The soil not only geochemically components accumulates contaminants, but also acts as a natural buffer that controls the transfer of chemical elements and compounds in the atmosphere. Around industrial enterprises formed geochemical anomalies with high content of pollutants, which can reach a radius of 10-50 km, and the impact of large industrial centers can be traced to a distance of 100 km. All known processes of metal accompanied by the formation of large amounts of waste that pollutes air, water and land surface. Mechanical engineering is an important industry of the Orenburg region and is represented by enterprises of the military-industrial complex, agricultural machinery, machine tools, equipment for ferrous and non-ferrous metals, vehicles, electric household appliances. In the machine-building complex of the Orenburg region includes more than 70 large enterprises. The share of engineering products in the volume of industrial production is about 8%. In this case, the natural environment of the city of Orenburg slabozaschischena from most adverse geo-environmental factors. Based on this, we carried out a study on the quality of soil and environmental situation prevailing in the city of Orenburg, in the zone of influence of the enterprise Plant drilling equipment.

Coal Village Relocation Research on the Impact of Agricultural Production — Taking an Example in Shandong Province

2013 ◽  
Vol 838-841 ◽  
pp. 3091-3095
Author(s):  
Wen Bin Li ◽  
Zhen Qi Hu ◽  
Yao Qi Yang ◽  
Ping Ping Zhang ◽  
Peng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Mechanical Equipment ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Agricultural Structure ◽  
Structure Adjustment ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Coal village relocation will bring local agricultural production and farmers living influence. Based on the city which has been moved eight villages, take the form of questionnaire from farming convenience condition, labor and agricultural structure adjustment, social security and other aspects, and analyzed the survey data with regression statistics. Relocate residents willing to continue to engage in agricultural production as the dependent variable, selecting 15 factors as independent variables, using SPSS software to carry on the Logit regression analysis model, finally determine Relevance between the main source of income and the field road built two factors and farmers engaged in agricultural production, the change in the transportation and large mechanical equipment also have great influence to the function.

scholarly journals Are heated tobacco products (HTPs) a public health opportunity?

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
Roberta Costanzo ◽  
Gizelle Baker
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Related Population

Heated tobacco products (HTPs) are a new, rapidly emerging category of tobacco products that are designed to heat the tobacco instead of burning it, thus substantially reducing the emission of harmful chemicals. Currently there is a debate about whether HTPs provide an opportunity for public health, to accelerate the decline in cigarette smoking prevalence and thereby smoking-related population harm. To answer this question, HTPs have to be scientifically substantiated to reduce the harm to the individual smoker, but they also have to be satisfying for adult smokers to maximize the number of adult smokers who switch, while minimizing the number of youths and non-smokers who initiate or relapse to these products, as well as minimizing the number of smokers who intend to quit who may use those products instead. In this article we present the evidence showing that switching to the THS reduces the negative health effects that are triggered by chronic exposure to the toxic substances generated during tobacco combustion and that lead to disease, compared to continuing smoking.

scholarly journals Diabetes in India: Measuring the dynamics of a public health catastrophe

2016 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 077-084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pranav Patnaik ◽  
Kamlesh Jain ◽  
P. Chandra ◽  
Jaya Pathak ◽  
K. Raman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

AbstractDiabetes has emerged as a major concern in the Indian health-care setting but has been underrecognized as a significant challenge in the context of public health policy due to the necessity to handle acute health conditions. Trends obtained from national and regional surveys over time strongly point to the increasing diabetes burden. In addition, people with undiagnosed and prediabetes can aggravate the burden in the near future. Long-term concerns arise from the rapid transformations such as urbanization, rural–urban migration, and lifestyle changes happening across different populations of India. Attempts at creating a rational diabetes prevention and management policy are severely hindered by a lack of comprehensive, standardized data on diabetes prevalence, and trends in the evolution of the epidemic. The impact of diabetes is multifaceted, ranging from the clinical impact of higher secondary complications to personal, psychosocial, and financial effects on the individual which create a cycle of negative outcomes. Given the chronic nature of diabetes, the impact is likely to remain as a self-perpetuating burden on the health-care system. The magnitude, spread, and impact of the diabetes epidemic are substantial, and it has transitioned to being a pandemic with potentially catastrophic implications for the Indian Public Health System. It is therefore essential to create public health policy specific to diabetes care that is effective in reducing the multidimensional impact of diabetes catastrophe and prevent further multiplication of this pandemic.

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