scholarly journals Ethical aspects for genomic research in psychiatry

2019 ◽  
pp. 41-42
Author(s):  
N. V. Semenova
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Counseling ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Genomic Research ◽  
Medical Genetic ◽  
Ethical Aspects ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Factors Associated

The genomic research is one of the most dynamically developing fields both in the worldwide and in Russia. Currently, the genetic approaches in psychiatry are used to solve the practical and scientific problems related to medical genetic counseling, identification of the genetic factors associated with characteristics of metabolism of medicines or development of their side effects, as well as to develop the new approaches to classification of psychiatric disorders. Given the complexity and the unresolved nature of the several methodological issues related to ethics and protection of the rights of patients with mental disorders, the legal regulation of genomic research in this category of patients is a specific interdisciplinary challenge which solution requires combining of the competencies of lawyers, medical ethics specialists, psychiatrists, psychologists, geneticists.

scholarly journals Contemporary Challenges and Legal Regulation of Genome Research: Some Considerations

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-67
Author(s):  
A. V. Kubyshkin
Keyword(s):  
Science And Technology ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Information Space ◽  
Human Reproduction ◽  
Genomic Research ◽  
Genome Research ◽  
Commercial Use ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Basic Concepts

The paper studies some aspects and considerations of the legal regulation of genomic research in the context of modern challenges. Approaches to the formulation of some basic concepts in the field of bioinformatics, such as information, information space, are proposed, the importance of these concepts for legal regulation is substantiated. Approaches to the legal regulation of the commercial use of the results of genomic research in the field of bioinformatics are formulated. Approaches to the legal regulation of the activities of biobanks are proposed based on the analysis of the possibility of using blockchain technology to improve the functioning of the biobank, the possibility of attracting investments through crowdfunding financing. The classification of biobanks according to various criteria is given. Approaches to the formulation of such concepts as donation and parenthood are determined within the framework of the legal regulation of genomic research in the field of human reproduction. The influence of modern challenges associated with the development of science and technology on the formulation of these concepts is considered. Approaches to solving the problem of ensuring a balance of private, group and general interests in the field of legal regulation of genomic research are proposed.

scholarly journals Results of genomic research as the objects of civil law

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-61
Author(s):  
Olesia Valer'evna Belaia
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Genomic Research ◽  
Property Law ◽  
Intellectual Property Law ◽  
Universal Definition ◽  
Original Classification

The object of this research is the determination of means of establishing the results of genomic research as the objects of intellectual property. The author analyzes the Russian normative legal acts regulating the questions of conducting genomic research and securing the rights to their results. The problem of absence of the universal definition and conceptual framework for genomic research in the national legislation is indicated. Analysis is carried out on the defended in legal community scientific positions pertaining to the need for separate consolidation and legal regulation of each type of product or organism that contains genes, or derivative from biomaterial, as well as the genes and genome themselves. The main conclusions consists in formulation and substantiation of the concept of “genomic research” and the results of genomic research. The original classification of the results of genomic research into static and dynamic is proposed. The author believes that the intellectual property law is most suitable for legal regulation and consolidation of the rights to results of genomic research. Inexpedience of determining each type of product or organism that creates or contains biomaterial as an object of intellectual property is substantiated. The author holds that the amendments to legislation should be introduced in exceptional circumstances when a new object possesses unique characteristics, and the existing tools of intellectual property law do not allow reflecting its specificity and protect the interests of its bearer.

LEGAL, MORAL AND ETHICAL SIDE OF THE OFFENSE, DISCREDITING HONOR EMPLOYEE THE PENAL SYSTEM

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-218
Author(s):  
OKSANA KOCHKINA ◽  
◽  
OLGA MARCHUK ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Moral Norms ◽  
Ethical Aspects ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Personal Qualities ◽  
Executive System ◽  
Correction System

The article examines the legal and moral and ethical aspects of a misdemeanor that discredits the honor of an employee of the criminal Executive system. The considered reason for dismissal has the main feature associated with the integration of legal and moral norms, which often raises a lot of questions about the attribution of a particular offense to this basis. Using the analysis of normative legal acts, the authors attempt to identify the signs that contribute to the separation of the studied grounds for dismissal from all their diversity. The classification of offenses that discredit the honor of an employee of the criminal Executive system is presented, which allows to systematize and organize the knowledge obtained about the considered grounds for dismissal. The analysis of a misdemeanor that defames the honor of an employee of the penal system from a moral and ethical position gives an understanding, first of all, that it does not have a clear regulation from the point of view of the law, but the consequences of committing such a misdemeanor are clearly legal. The concepts of “honor” and “dignity” are considered as ethical categories and are analyzed as personal qualities that are manifested in an employee of the penal correction system during the period of service. These categories in the behavior of a person or employee are manifested both externally (assessment from the outside) and internally (self-assessment). The article describes the value orientation of an employee of the criminal Executive system to ethical standards in professional activity, which is an integral part of the moral and ethical side of a misdemeanor that discredits the honor of an employee.

Medico-Social Examination: the Modern Aspects of Legal Regulation

10.12737/5942 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Разиньков ◽  
D. Razinkov ◽  
Михайлов ◽  
I. Mikhaylov ◽  
Михайлова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Constitutional Rights ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Government Programs ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
Traditional Classification

In article the legislative base, which is the foundation of functioning of the state system of medical-social examination, is considered and analyzed. The questions of legal regulation of the state activity in the sphere of social policy concerning disabled people are discussed. The methods of sociological research and logical analysis of literature and official normatively-legal papers, being the basis of activity of the system of medico-social examination and sphere of giving to the invalids the equal with other citizens possibilities in realization of constitutional rights and freedoms, public welfare and establishment, are applied to the invalids as the measures of government support. In conclusions the emphasis is placed on need of carrying out radical restructurings for system of medico-social examination. It is offered to modify the existing classification of indexes of health and indexes, related to the health taking into account the socio-economic, climatic and other features; to strength the control of execution of government programs in the medico-social sphere; to modify the traditional classification of groups of disability; to change a way of features accounting of disabled people with various functional violations proceeding from a complex assessment of dysfunction of the neuro-physiological and psycho-physiological statuses; to use the innovative technologies of diagnostics, treatment, rehabilitation in correction of the functional violations with taking in mind not only the nosologic group of disease, but by an individual approach.

scholarly journals Hydroxychloroquine and Azithromycin Treatment of Hospitalized Patients Infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Senegal from March to October 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 2954
Author(s):  
Fabien Taieb ◽  
Khardiata Diallo Mbaye ◽  
Billo Tall ◽  
Ndèye Aïssatou Lakhe ◽  
Cheikh Talla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Group Versus ◽  
Patient Discharge ◽  
Lower Proportion ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
High Clinical Risk

As of today, little data is available on COVID-19 in African countries, where the case management relied mainly on a treatment by association between hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and azithromycin (AZM). This study aimed to understand the main clinical outcomes of COVID-19 hospitalized patients in Senegal from March to October 20202. We described the clinical characteristics of patients and analysed clinical status (alive and discharged versus hospitalized or died) at 15 days after Isolation and Treatment Centres (ITC) admission among adult patients who received HCQ plus AZM and those who did not receive this combination. A total of 926 patients were included in this analysis. Six hundred seventy-four (674) (72.8%) patients received a combination of HCQ and AZM. Results showed that the proportion of patient discharge at D15 was significantly higher for patients receiving HCQ plus AZM (OR: 1.63, IC 95% (1.09–2.43)). Factors associated with a lower proportion of patients discharged alive were: age ≥ 60 years (OR: 0.55, IC 95% (0.36–0.83)), having of at least one pre-existing disorder (OR: 0.61, IC 95% (0.42–0.90)), and a high clinical risk at admission following NEWS score (OR: 0.49, IC 95% (0.28–0.83)). Few side effects were reported including 2 cases of cardiac rhythmic disorders in the HCQ and AZM group versus 13 in without HCQ + AZM. An improvement of clinical status at 15 days was found for patients exposed to HCQ plus AZM combination.

scholarly journals Genetic Factors Associated With the Absence of Atherosclerosis in Octogenarians

2002 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. M611-M615 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Zuliani ◽  
A. Cherubini ◽  
S. Volpato ◽  
E. Palmieri ◽  
P. Mecocci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Frailty According to Gender of Older Adults Living Alone

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 475
Author(s):  
Hye-Young Jang ◽  
Ji-Hye Kim
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Living Alone ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Korean Elderly

This study was conducted to identify the factors associated with frailty according to gender of older adults living alone in Korea. Data from the National Survey of the Living Conditions of Korean Elderly in 2017 were used. Participants were 2340 older adults who live alone. Frailty was determined based on the frailty criteria developed by van Kan et al. that consist of fatigue, resistance, ambulation, and illness. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-squared test, t-test, Jonckheere–Terpstra test and multinomial logistic regression. Among the older men living alone, 47.7% were in the pre-frail and 5.1% were in the frail. On the other hand, 51.8% were in the pre-frail and 12.2% were in the frail among the older women living alone. The factors associated with frailty according to gender are as follows. In males, depressive symptoms, limitation in IADL, and number of medications in pre-frail; BMI, limitation in IADL, and number of chronic diseases in frail. In females, depressive symptoms, number of chronic diseases, age, and nutritional status in pre-frail; limitation in IADL, depressive symptoms, age, number of chronic diseases, number of medications, nutritional status in frail. Based on the findings of this study, it is considered necessary to approach frailty management considering gender as well as the classification of frailty.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document