Designing Plastic Parts for Assembly

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Tres
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Parts

Sun Load Analysis and Testing on Automotive Front Lighting Products

2020 ◽  
pp. 116-122
Author(s):  
Emre Öztürk ◽  
Mehmet Aktaş ◽  
Tunç Şenyüz
Keyword(s):  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Angle Of Incidence ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Solar Simulator ◽  
Automotive Lighting ◽  
Inclination Angles ◽  
Plastic Parts ◽  
Load Simulation

The purpose of this research is to reach good correlation between sun load simulation and solar focusing test for exterior automotive lighting products. Light coming from sun is highly collimated (parallel rays) and focusable from lenses with concave structure. Focusing incidence leads to a hot spot on lens surrounding plastic parts which may cause melting failures at high temperature zones. Sun load simulation is performing to eliminate risk of discoloration, deformation, out gassing, coating failures and fire with prolonged exposure from field. Irradiance values in W/m2 defined in simulation as heat source depending of an angle of incidence of the sun radiation. At first step, simulation is performing with 5 degree intervals to define the critical zones then intervals decreased to 2 degree to detect the critical azimuth and inclination angles. Critical azimuth and inclination angles is checking with ray trace analysis to check the bouncing of sun rays and possible solution to eliminate focuses with design solutions. After numerical analysis to release and validate the automotive lighting products regarding the sun load test, measurement with first parts is necessary. Measurement is performing for all critical angles which have been detected at simulation with thermal camera under ultra high-collimation solar simulator. Measured temperatures are settled according to environment conditions and correlation is checking with simulations.

scholarly journals Investigating friction spin welding of thermoplastics in shear joint configuration

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarun Bindal ◽  
Ravindra K. Saxena ◽  
Sunil Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Joint Strength ◽  
Rotational Velocity ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Frictional Heat ◽  
Hydraulic Pressure ◽  
Joint Configuration ◽  
Burst Test ◽  
Shear Joint ◽  
Plastic Parts ◽  
Welding Pressure

AbstractThe welding of thermoplastic pipes under a shear joint configuration using friction spin welding is investigated. The shear joint configuration consists of two cylindrical and concentric polypropylene plastic parts joined with each other at their interfacing cylindrical surfaces through frictional heat generation. The effects of welding pressure and rotational velocity on the joint overlap distance and joint strength between the parts of polypropylene plastic are evaluated. The study is of a specific application in making plastic pressure vessels and joining of pipes. The joint strength is tested by conducting the hydraulic pressure burst test. The burst test is conducted for welded specimens manufactured using different values of rotational velocity and welding pressure. It is observed that at the constant spin velocities, the welding pressure in the range 64.8 to 65.2 kPa produced better joint strength than the other values of welding pressure in the overall range 64–76 kPa. It is concluded that the suitable welding pressure range to manufacture polypropylene plastic pressure vessels in the shear joint configuration using friction spin welding is 64.5 to 65.2 kPa. Further, it is established that the user can control the joint overlap distance at 64.8 kPa welding pressure by selectively controlling the rotational velocity in the range of 700 to 2500 rpm.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Ability to Accurately Produce Angular Details by 3D Printing of Plastic Parts

Machines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Andrei Marius Mihalache ◽  
Gheorghe Nagîț ◽  
Laurențiu Slătineanu ◽  
Adelina Hrițuc ◽  
Angelos Markopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Vertex Angle ◽  
Function Type ◽  
Constant Height ◽  
3D Printers ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Mathematical Processing ◽  
Plastic Parts

3D printing is a process that has become widely used in recent years, allowing the production of parts with relatively complicated shapes from metallic and non-metallic materials. In some cases, it is challenging to evaluate the ability of 3D printers to make fine details of parts. For such an assessment, the printing of samples showing intersections of surfaces with low angle values was considered. An experimental plan was designed and materialized to highlight the influence of different factors, such as the thickness of the deposited material layer, the printing speed, the cooling and filling conditions of the 3D-printed part, and the thickness of the sample. Samples using areas in the form of isosceles triangles with constant height or bases with the same length, respectively, were used. The mathematical processing of the experimental results allowed the determination of empirical mathematical models of the power-function type. It allowed the detection of both the direction of actions and the intensity of the influence exerted by the input factors. It is concluded that the strongest influence on the printer’s ability to produce fine detail, from the point of view addressed in the paper, is exerted by the vertex angle, whose reduction leads to a decrease in printing accuracy.

A Study on the Birefringence Measurement in Injection Molded Parts Using Two Different Laser Sources and R-G-B Separation of White Light

2006 ◽  
Vol 326-328 ◽  
pp. 187-190
Author(s):  
Jong Sun Kim ◽  
Chul Jin Hwang ◽  
Kyung Hwan Yoon
Keyword(s):  
White Light ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Injection Molding Process ◽  
Molding Process ◽  
Laser Method ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Molded Parts ◽  
Injection Molded ◽  
Plastic Parts

Recently, injection molded plastic optical products are widely used in many fields, because injection molding process has advantages of low cost and high productivity. However, there remains residual birefringence and residual stresses originated from flow history and differential cooling. The present study focused on developing a technique to measure the birefringence in transparent injection-molded optical plastic parts using two methods as follows: (i) the two colored laser method, (ii) the R-G-B separation method of white light. The main idea of both methods came from the fact that more information can be obtained from the distribution of retardation caused by different wavelengths. The comparison between two methods is demonstrated for the same sample of which retardation is up to 850 nm.

Hybrid mesh generation for the thin shell of thin-shell plastic parts for mold flow analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiing-Yih Lai ◽  
Jia-Wei Wu ◽  
Pei-Pu Song ◽  
Tzu-Yao Chou ◽  
Yao-Chen Tsai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mesh Generation ◽  
Thin Shell ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Hybrid Mesh ◽  
Mold Flow Analysis ◽  
Plastic Parts ◽  
Mold Flow

Multi-objective optimization of injection-molded plastic parts using entropy weight, random forest, and genetic algorithm methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 360-371
Author(s):  
Yanli Cao ◽  
Xiying Fan ◽  
Yonghuan Guo ◽  
Sai Li ◽  
Haiyue Huang
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Random Forest ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Multi Objective Optimization ◽  
Entropy Weight ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Injection Molded ◽  
Plastic Parts

AbstractThe qualities of injection-molded parts are affected by process parameters. Warpage and volume shrinkage are two typical defects. Moreover, insufficient or excessively large clamping force also affects the quality of parts and the cost of the process. An experiment based on the orthogonal design was conducted to minimize the above defects. Moldflow software was used to simulate the injection process of each experiment. The entropy weight was used to determine the weight of each index, the comprehensive evaluation value was calculated, and multi-objective optimization was transformed into single-objective optimization. A regression model was established by the random forest (RF) algorithm. To further illustrate the reliability and accuracy of the model, back-propagation neural network and kriging models were taken as comparative algorithms. The results showed that the error of RF was the smallest and its performance was the best. Finally, genetic algorithm was used to search for the minimum of the regression model established by RF. The optimal parameters were found to improve the quality of plastic parts and reduce the energy consumption. The plastic parts manufactured by the optimal process parameters showed good quality and met the requirements of production.

Simplified Version of Polymer Rotational Molding Manufacturing Method

2016 ◽  
Vol 699 ◽  
pp. 97-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurenţiu Slătineanu ◽  
Oana Dodun ◽  
Margareta Coteaţă ◽  
Gheorghe Nagîţ ◽  
Irina Beşliu
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Rotational Molding ◽  
Slow Speed ◽  
Molding Process ◽  
Manufacturing Method ◽  
Polyurethane Resin ◽  
Liquid Material ◽  
Complex Equipment ◽  
Plastic Parts

Rotational molding is a manufacturing method which supposes the rotation of the mold, during the solidification of the liquid phase material, so that finally a part having a hollow could be obtained. The method could be applied in manufacturing of metallic and nonmetallic parts. Usually, the equipment for rotational molding ensures slow speed rotating of the mold around two axes placed perpendicularly each other and this fact led to relatively complex equipment for achieving rotational molding. The capacity of the liquid material to entirely cover the internal walls of the mold depends essentially on the liquid material viscosity, on the rotation speed and on the movements applied to the mold. Simplified equipment including a single rotation movement could be materialized. In order to test such a solution, a preliminary experiment was designed and materialized, by using a device adapted on universal lathe. Thus, the objective of the research presented in the paper was to study if it is possible to achieve plastic parts made by rotational molding using a single rotation movement. A polyurethane resin obtained from two liquid components was used in order to obtain the liquid material that could be introduced in the mold. The research results proved the possibility to use simplified equipment for achieving a rotational molding process, at least in certain cases and with some technological limits.

scholarly journals Quantification of Volatile Aldehydes Deriving from In Vitro Lipid Peroxidation in the Breath of Ventilated Patients

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3089
Author(s):  
Lukas M. Müller-Wirtz ◽  
Daniel Kiefer ◽  
Sven Ruffing ◽  
Timo Brausch ◽  
Tobias Hüppe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Breathing Circuit ◽  
Aliphatic Aldehydes ◽  
Mechanically Ventilated ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Plastic Parts ◽  
Ventilated Patients

Exhaled aliphatic aldehydes were proposed as non-invasive biomarkers to detect increased lipid peroxidation in various diseases. As a prelude to clinical application of the multicapillary column–ion mobility spectrometry for the evaluation of aldehyde exhalation, we, therefore: (1) identified the most abundant volatile aliphatic aldehydes originating from in vitro oxidation of various polyunsaturated fatty acids; (2) evaluated emittance of aldehydes from plastic parts of the breathing circuit; (3) conducted a pilot study for in vivo quantification of exhaled aldehydes in mechanically ventilated patients. Pentanal, hexanal, heptanal, and nonanal were quantifiable in the headspace of oxidizing polyunsaturated fatty acids, with pentanal and hexanal predominating. Plastic parts of the breathing circuit emitted hexanal, octanal, nonanal, and decanal, whereby nonanal and decanal were ubiquitous and pentanal or heptanal not being detected. Only pentanal was quantifiable in breath of mechanically ventilated surgical patients with a mean exhaled concentration of 13 ± 5 ppb. An explorative analysis suggested that pentanal exhalation is associated with mechanical power—a measure for the invasiveness of mechanical ventilation. In conclusion, exhaled pentanal is a promising non-invasive biomarker for lipid peroxidation inducing pathologies, and should be evaluated in future clinical studies, particularly for detection of lung injury.

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