scholarly journals Communications of cerebral circulation indicators with body structure and body size indicators in practically healthy young women of the middle intermediate somatotype

2018 ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
G. V. Datsenko ◽  
A. V. Shayuk ◽  
I. M. Kyrychenko ◽  
T. M. Kyselyova ◽  
А. О. Ivanitsa
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Average Strength ◽  
Limb Bones ◽  
The Third ◽  
Body Sizes ◽  
Cerebral Blood Circulation

According to the data of modern scientific literature, to determine the risk groups of vascular diseases of the brain at the stage before the development of the disease, it is necessary to study the dependence of cerebral functional indicators of the population on their constitutional status, age, region of residence. The purpose of the study was to determine the features of correlations of cerebral blood circulation with anthropo-somatotypological characteristics of practically healthy young women of the middle intermediate somatotype. On the base of the research center of the National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya conducted a comprehensive study of 30 practically healthy urban young women of the middle intermediate somatotype, in the third generation of residents of the Podillia region of Ukraine. All young women undergo rheoencephalography using a computer diagnostic complex; anthropometric research according to the scheme of V. V. Bunak; craniometry; determination of somatotype by J. Carter and B. Heath method and components of body mass index by J. Matiegka and American Institute of Nutrition (AIN) methods. The analysis of correlations of the obtained results was carried out using the Spearman method in the licensed statistical package “STATISTICA 6.1”. In practically healthy young women of the middle intermediate somatotype, the following multiple connections of indicators of cerebral circulation with anthropo-somatotypological parameters of the body are established: direct, mostly unreliable, average strength (r = 0.31 to 0.36) connections of most time indices with girth the thighs and time of rapid blood filling with one third of the indexes of the thickness of skin and fat folds (TSFF), the endomorphic component of the somatotype and fat component of the body mass using the Matiegka method; direct, mostly reliable, average strength (r = 0.36 to 0.51) connections of the index of tone of all arteries, tone of arteries of large diameter and tone of arteries of medium and small diameter with a third of the circumferential body sizes, most of the pelvic diameter and muscular component of the body mass by the AIN method, as well as the inverse, mostly reliable, mean strength (r = -0.37 to -0.41) connections of the artery tone ratio with the third of the indices of the TSFF and the endo- and mesomorphic components of the somatotype. Attention is drawn to the lack of reliable and average strength false correlations of amplitude indices with total body sizes, the parameters of the width of distal epiphyses of long limb bones and components of the somatotype; as well as time and derivative indicators - with total and longitudinal dimensions of the body. In the analysis of correlations of indices with rheoencephalogram with anthropo-somatotypological indicators in practically healthy young women of the middle intermediate somatotype among all groups of indicators of cerebral blood circulation for the derived indicators, the greatest number of reliable and average strength connections mainly found with body diameters (21.9%), components somatotype (16.7%), cephalometric indices (12.6%), girths of the body (11.6%), and components of the body composition (9.4%). For amplitudes indexes, the highest percentage of connections with cephalometric indices (14.3%), components of body composition (10.0%), body length (8.0%) and body diameters (7.5%) were established; and for time indicators - with TSFF (11.0%), with the circumferential dimensions of the body (10.7%), the width of distal epiphyses of long limb bones (10.0%).

scholarly journals Correlation of indicators of cerebral blood circulation with anthropometric dimensions in practically healthy young men of ectomorphic somatotype

2018 ◽  
pp. 60-67
Author(s):  
G. V. Datsenko ◽  
D. G. Smolko ◽  
I. M. Makarchuk ◽  
O. B. Slabyy ◽  
S. V. Prokopenko
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Average Power ◽  
Young Men ◽  
The Body ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Average Strength ◽  
Body Sizes ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Cerebral Blood Circulation

In modern scientific literature, the vast majority of studies are devoted to the study of the features of cerebral circulation in representatives of different age-sex groups, but studies devoted to the constitutional features of cerebral hemodynamics in practically healthy population are practically absent. The purpose of the work is to establish correlation of indicators of cerebral blood circulation with anthropo-somatotypological parameters of the body in practically healthy young men of Podillia with ectomorphic somatotype. On the base of the research center of the National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya conducted rheoencephalographic, anthropometric and somatotypological studies of 24 practically healthy urban young men from the Podillia region of Ukraine of ectomorphic somatotype. The correlation analysis was performed using Spearman nonparametric method in the licensed statistical package "Statistica 6.1". In practically healthy young men of the ectomorphic somatotype, the following multiple correlations of cerebral blood flow parameters with constitutional parameters of the body are established: direct reliable (r from 0.41 to 0.52) and unreliable mean power (r from 0.30 to 0.38) correlations of most amplitude indices with girth of the head and the largest length of the head, as well as the reverse, mostly unreliable (r from -0.30 to -0.40), and a reliable average power (r from -0.41 to -0.53) correlations with most of the total body size, half of the width distal epiphyses long tubular bones of the limbs (WDE), the majority of the circumference of the extremities, third indicators thickness of skin and fat folds (TSFF), performance component composition weight; direct, mostly unreliable, average strength (r from 0.33 to 0.38) correlations of the duration of the cardiac cycle and the time of the downward part of the rheogram with a half of the TSFF indices; direct, mostly unreliable, average strength (r from 0.30 to 0.37) correlations of the dicrotic index with a third of the indices of the TSFF and the endomorphic component of the somatotype, as well as the inverse of the reliable (r from -0.40 to -0.58) and unreliable mean force (r from -0.30 to -0.40) correlations of the average speed of fast and slow blood filling with all total, half of the longitudinal body sizes, half of the WDE indexes, the majority of circumferential body sizes, more than half the body diameters, most of the indicators of the TSFF, the endomorphic component of the somatotype and all the components of the body composition and the reverse, mostly reliable, average strength (r from -0.41 to -0.51) correlations of the index of tone of all arteries, the tone of the arteries of the large, as well as the middle and shallow diameters with more than half of the indices of the TSFF and the endomorphic component somatotype. In the analysis of correlations of rheoencephalogramms indicators with constitutional parameters of the body in practically healthy young men of the ectomorphic somatotype, the largest number, mostly inverse of reliable and unreliable mean strength correlations, was established for amplitude indices - with total body sizes (66.7% of the total number of these indicators), indicators of component body composition (60.0%), WDE (45.0%), circumferential dimensions of the body (34.7%), cephalometric indices (34.3%) and TSFF (33.3%). The largest number, mostly inverse, of reliable and unreliable average strength correlations, was found for the derived indicators - with TSFF (47.2% of the total number of these indicators), somatotype components (29.2%), components of body mass (28.1%), total sizes body and WDE (25.0%); and, mostly direct, inaccurate average strength correlations, for time indicators was established - with cephalometric indices (28.6% of the total number of these indicators), TSFF (22.2%) and body diameters (14.3%).

Body mass does not reflect the body composition changes in response to similar physical training in young women and men

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen A. Foulis ◽  
Julie M. Hughes ◽  
Leila A. Walker ◽  
Katelyn I. Guerriere ◽  
Kathryn M. Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
The Body ◽  
Composition Changes

scholarly journals Features of correlations of cerebral circulation indicators with anthropo-somatotypological parameters of the body in practically healthy young men of mesomorphic somatotype

2018 ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
G. V. Datsenko ◽  
A. V. Shayuk ◽  
I. V. Dzevulska ◽  
T. M. Kyselyova ◽  
V. I. Kyrychenko
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Cerebral Circulation ◽  
Young Men ◽  
The Body ◽  
American Institute ◽  
Average Strength ◽  
Body Dimensions ◽  
Blood Filling ◽  
Body Sizes ◽  
Total Body

The peculiarities of the relations of rheoencephalographic indices with anthropometric indices in the healthy domestic samples studied are an important diagnostic criterion and a marker of pathological states from the cerebral vessels in the studied somatotype. The purpose of the work is to determine the features of correlations of indicators of cerebral circulation with constitutional parameters of the body of practically healthy young men from Podillia with mesomorphic somatotype. On the base of the research center of the National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya, conducted a comprehensive study of 62 practically healthy urban youths of mesomorphic somatotype, of inhabitants of the Podillia region of Ukraine in the third generation. All of them have undergone a rheoencephalography using a computer diagnostic complex; anthropometric study according to the scheme of V. V. Bunak; craniometry; determination of components and type of somatotype by J. Carter and B. Heath and components of body mass index by J. Matiegka and American Institute of Nutrition. The correlation analysis was performed using the Pearson method in the statistical package “Statistica 6.1”. In the practically healthy young men of the mesomorphic somatotype, the following multiple correlations of cerebral blood flow parameters with constitutional parameters of the body are established: direct of middle power (r = 0.36 to 0.38) correlations of the base impedance with indicators of the thickness of skin and fat folds on the lower extremity, the endomorphic component of the somatotype and the fat component of the body mass using the Matejko method; direct, predominantly average strength (r = 0.30 to 0.40), correlations of the rising part of the rheogram and time of rapid blood filling with all total and longitudinal body dimensions, distal epiphysis widths of the upper extremity, muscle mass component of the body by the Matiegka method, and the bone component of the body mass using the Matiegka method (only for the time of rapid blood filling), as well as the direct mean (r = 0.31 to 0.37) and weak strength (r = 0.26 in all cases), correlations of slow blood flow time with most longitudinal body sizes; inverse, mainly average strength (r = -0.30 to -0.44), correlations of the dicrotic index with all total, most of the longitudinal body sizes, most of the girth indices of the limbs, muscle and bone components of the mass of the body by the method of Matiegka and muscular by the method of the American Institute of Nutrition method, as well as direct, mostly average forces (r = from 0.30 to 0.47), correlations of indicators of tone of all arteries, tone of arteries of large caliber and tone of arteries of medium and small caliber with most longitudinal body sizes. Attention is drawn to the lack of reliable correlations of only the amplitude indicators with total body sizes. In the analysis of correlations of rheoencephalography indicators with constitutional parameters of the body in practically healthy young men of mesomorphic somatotype among all groups of indicators of cerebral circulation for time indicators, the largest number of reliable connections found, mostly with total body sizes (53.3%, here and thereafter from the total number of these indicators), longitudinal body dimensions (52.0%), body mass index components (20.0%), circumferential body dimensions (18.7%), width distal epiphyses long limb bone (15.0%) and cephalometric indexes (14.3%). The highest percentage of correlations with body diameters (14.3%), components of somatotype (13.3%), cephalometric indices (11.4%) and components of body composition (10.0%) were established for amplitude parameters; and for derivative indicators - with longitudinal body dimensions (45.0%), body total dimensions (29.2%), body sizes (16.7%), body composition components (15.6%), width distal epiphyses of long limb bones (12.5%) and diameters of the body (10.7%).

scholarly journals Changes in Children’s Body Composition and Posture during Puberty Growth

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 288
Author(s):  
Wojciech Rusek ◽  
Joanna Baran ◽  
Justyna Leszczak ◽  
Marzena Adamczyk ◽  
Rafał Baran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Pelvic Obliquity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Posture ◽  
Older Children ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right

The main goal of our study was to determine how the age of children, puberty and anthropometric parameters affect the formation of body composition and faulty body posture development in children. The secondary goal was to determine in which body segments abnormalities most often occur and how gender differentiates the occurrence of adverse changes in children’s body posture and body composition during puberty. The study group consisted of 464 schoolchildren aged from 6–16. Body posture was assessed with the Zebris system. The composition of the body mass was tested with Tanita MC 780 MA body mass analyzer and the body height was measured using a portable stadiometer PORTSTAND 210. The participants were further divided due to the age of puberty. Tanner division was adopted. The cut-off age for girls is ≥10 years and for boys it is ≥12 years. The analyses applied descriptive statistics, the Pearson correlation, stepwise regression analysis and the t-test. The accepted level of significance was p < 0.05. The pelvic obliquity was lower in older children (beta = −0.15). We also see that age played a significant role in the difference in the height of the right pelvis (beta = −0.28), and the difference in the height of the right shoulder (beta = 0.23). Regression analysis showed that the content of adipose tissue (FAT%) increased with body mass index (BMI) and decreased with increasing weight, age, and height. Moreover, the FAT% was lower in boys than in girls (beta negative equal to −0.39). It turned out that older children (puberty), had greater asymmetry in the right shoulder blade (p < 0.001) and right shoulder (p = 0.003). On the other hand, younger children (who were still before puberty) had greater anomalies in the left trunk inclination (p = 0.048) as well as in the pelvic obliquity (p = 0.008). Girls in puberty were characterized by greater asymmetry on the right side, including the shoulders (p = 0.001), the scapula (p = 0.001) and the pelvis (p < 0.001). In boys, the problem related only to the asymmetry of the shoulder blades (p < 0.001). Girls were characterized by a greater increase in adipose tissue and boys by muscle tissue. Significant differences also appeared in the body posture of the examined children. Greater asymmetry within scapulas and shoulders were seen in children during puberty. Therefore, a growing child should be closely monitored to protect them from the adverse consequences of poor posture or excessive accumulation of adipose tissue in the body.

scholarly journals Seasonal and Longitudinal Changes in Body Composition by Sport-Position in NCAA Division I Basketball Athletes

Sports ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Fields ◽  
Justin Merrigan ◽  
Jason White ◽  
Margaret Jones
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Ncaa Division I ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Strength And Conditioning ◽  
Air Displacement Plethysmography ◽  
Within Subjects

The purpose of this study was to assess the body composition of male and female basketball athletes (n = 323) across season, year, and sport-position using air displacement plethysmography. An independent sample t-test assessed sport-position differences. An analysis of variance was used to assess within-subjects across season (pre-season, in-season, and off-season), and academic year (freshman, sophomore, and junior). For both men and women basketball (MBB, WBB) athletes, guards had the lowest body fat, fat mass, fat free mass, and body mass. No seasonal differences were observed in MBB, but following in-season play for WBB, a reduction of (p = 0.03) in fat free mass (FFM) was observed. Across years, MBB showed an increase in FFM from freshman to sophomore year, yet remained unchanged through junior year. For WBB across years, no differences occurred for body mass (BM), body fat (BF%), and fat mass (FM), yet FFM increased from sophomore to junior year (p = 0.009). Sport-position differences exist in MBB and WBB: Guards were found to be smaller and leaner than forwards. Due to the importance of body composition (BC) on athletic performance, along with seasonal and longitudinal shifts in BC, strength and conditioning practitioners should periodically assess athletes BC to ensure preservation of FFM. Training and nutrition programming can then be adjusted in response to changes in BC.

scholarly journals An elephant-sized Late Triassic synapsid with erect limbs

Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 363 (6422) ◽  
pp. 78-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Sulej ◽  
Grzegorz Niedźwiedzki
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Mammalian Evolution ◽  
Limb Bones ◽  
Stem Group ◽  
Body Sizes ◽  
Latest Eocene

Here, we describe the dicynodontLisowicia bojani, from the Late Triassic of Poland, a gigantic synapsid with seemingly upright subcursorial limbs that reached an estimated length of more than 4.5 meters, height of 2.6 meters, and body mass of 9 tons.Lisowiciais the youngest undisputed dicynodont and the largest nondinosaurian terrestrial tetrapod from the Triassic. The lack of lines of arrested growth and the highly remodeled cortex of its limb bones suggest permanently rapid growth and recalls that of dinosaurs and mammals. The discovery ofLisowiciaoverturns the established picture of the Triassic megaherbivore radiation as a phenomenon restricted to dinosaurs and shows that stem-group mammals were capable of reaching body sizes that were not attained again in mammalian evolution until the latest Eocene.

scholarly journals Men and women do not have the same relation between body composition and postural sway

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (02) ◽  
pp. 093-097 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Alonso ◽  
L. Mochizuki ◽  
N. Luna ◽  
A. Canonica ◽  
R. Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Postural Sway ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Quiet Standing ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Men And Women

Abstract Introduction: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of body composition on the postural sway during quiet standing. Our hypothesis is that men and women do not have the same relation between body composition and postural sway during quiet standing. Materials and Methods: Participated in the study 50 men and 50 women; age range: 20-40 years old. The main outcome measures were: Body composition (bone densitometry), percentage of fat (% fat) tissue (g), fat (g), lean mass (g), bone mineral content (g) and bone mineral density (g/cm2); Anthropometry: body mass (kg), height (cm), length of the trunk-head (cm), length of lower limbs (cm). The following indices were calculated: body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2) and Postural balance test - center ofpressure displacement. Results: The correlation analysis showed low correlations between postural sway and anthropometric variables. The multiple linear regression model showed that the body composition and the anthropometry were able to explain only men's postural sway. Conclusion: The postural sway is sex type dependent. Men and women have different relations between body composition and postural sway. Only male's body composition affected the body sway.

scholarly journals The National After-School Athletics Program Participation as a Tool to Reduce the Risk of Obesity in Adolescents after One Year of Intervention: A Nationwide Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominika Głąbska ◽  
Dominika Guzek ◽  
Blanka Mellová ◽  
Katarzyna Zadka ◽  
Katarzyna Żywczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physical Activity Program ◽  
Impedance Method ◽  
After School ◽  
Nutritional Education ◽  
Activity Program ◽  
One Year

Regular exercise during school hours is encouraged; however many children and adolescents fail to meet the recommendations during this time. Extracurricular activities may be a more appealing way for youth to achieve guidelines, and it is recommended that they attend two sessions each week. The aim of the study was to assess the influence of participation in a national physical activity program accompanied by nutritional education for trainers on the risk of obesity and body composition in a nationwide sample of boys and girls, after one year of intervention. The #goathletics Study was conducted in a group of 1014 adolescents aged 12–13: 507 individuals for the Athletics for All program (210 boys, 297 girls) and 507 pair-matched individuals not participating in any physical activity program (matching including: gender, age, city of residence). The body mass (kg), Body Mass Index (BMI) (kg/m2), waist circumference (WC) (cm), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) (-) and body composition (%) (measured using bioelectrical impedance method) were compared in a gender-related sub-groups using t-Student test (for parametric distributions) or Mann-Whitney U test (for nonparametric distributions) and chi2 test (for the share of sub-groups). After one year of intervention, lower body mass percentile, BMI percentile, WC, WHtR and fat mass share, higher muscle mass share, as well as lower frequency of overweight/obesity and abdominal fat distribution were observed both for boys and girls participating in the physical activity intervention compared to the pair-matched controls. The after-school physical activity program accompanied by nutritional education for trainers may be a highly effective method for reducing the risk of obesity both for boys and girls, as regular participation is ensured.

scholarly journals Relationship between Leg Strength and Balance and Lean Body Mass. Benefits for Active Aging

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfonso Castillo-Rodríguez ◽  
Wanesa Onetti-Onetti ◽  
Rui Sousa Mendes ◽  
José Luis Chinchilla-Minguet
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Strength Capacity

Physical activity (PA) can bring incalculable benefits to people throughout the aging process. The objective of this study was to determine the relationships between the leg and arm strength, body composition and balance of elderly people. Twenty-one people (9 men and 12 women) over 60 years of age voluntarily participated in this study. Bioimpedance tests were carried out to obtain body mass data, manual dynamometer tests and the lower limbs test were conducted to obtain strength values, ​​and the stork balance stand test was conducted to assess static balance. As a result, medium-high correlation coefficients were obtained between the aforementioned dependent variables. The highest value corresponded to the relationship between the results of the dominant hand strength test (right hand in all participants) and the lean body mass (LBM) of the participant (R2 = 75%, p < 0.001). The results indicated that strength capacity, recorded by dynamometry, and balance ability have a direct relationship with the body composition of the subject, especially with their lean body mass. These data suggest that a greater lean body mass can provide greater strength and balance in the elderly, so it would improve or have greater duration the functionality and independence of the person, thereby justifying direct benefits in people and indirect benefits in public administrations that finance these social issues.

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