scholarly journals Association of academic stress & performance in continuous assessment among pharmacy students in body system course

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
May Khin Soe ◽  
Mohamad Sharul Fahmi Baharudin
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Body System ◽  
Continuous Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Whole Class

Introduction: Undergraduate Pharmacy students find the program is stressful. This study compares the perceived stress score (PSS) of third year Pharmacy students and their performance via continuous assessment (CAM) in a body system course. Methods: The relationship between the PSS and their academic performance, though out the semester were explored for 114 students including 25 male and 85 female. In this cross-sectional study, questionnaires were distributed to assess their PSS, other relevant questions and the result in four quizzes on the course were recorded periodically and analyzed descriptively. Results: The mean value of the whole class PSS score was found (38.66 ± 6.46). Females’ PSS in 1st quiz was 38.76 ± 5.56 and male’s was 39.21 ± 5.48 and quiz 2 for female was 38.61 ± 6.27 whereas 40.1 ± 7.48 in male. That value in quiz 3 and 4 for female was 38.10 ± 7.18 and male was 39.69± 8.68. However, there is no significant difference in gender. The PSS score for all participants was found highest in the second quiz (38.99 ± 6.60) whereas the mean marks they obtained were lowest (4.97 ± 1.36) compared to other quizzes but their relation is weakly significant. Total scoring of the CAM for the whole class was found even lower compared to previous batches, 23.83 ± 3.88. They were engaged with various co-curriculum activities and complained of not having enough time to study and revise. The unsatisfactory performance might be due to heavy topics and time constraint. Conclusions: Stress and time management are critical elements for undergraduate students to perform well academically regardless of their stress level.

scholarly journals Dental Anxiety among Medical and Paramedical Undergraduate Students of Malaysia

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shilpa Gunjal ◽  
Deepak Gowda Sadashivappa Pateel ◽  
Sujal Parkar
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Dental Anxiety ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Local Anesthetic Injection

Aim. To assess the dental anxiety level among dental, medical, and pharmacy students of MAHSA University, Malaysia.Materials and Methods. A cross-sectional questionnaire study was conducted among 1500 undergraduate students of MAHSA University. The Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) was used to measure dental anxiety among the study population. The responses were assessed by 5-point likert scale ranging from 1 to 5. The level of anxiety was categorized into lowly anxious (5–11), moderately anxious (12–18), and severely anxious ≥19. Out of 1500 students enrolled, 1024 students (342 males and 682 females) completed and returned the questionnaire having response rate of 68.26%.Results. There was a statistically significant difference (P<0.001) when the mean dental anxiety scores were compared among the three faculties and dental students had lowest mean score (11.95 ± 4.21). The fifth year (senior) dental students scored significantly (P=0.02) lower mean anxiety score as compared to the first dental students (junior). The students were anxious mostly about tooth drilling and local anesthetic injection.Conclusions. Dental students have a significantly low level of dental anxiety as compared with medical and pharmacy students. Incorporation of dental health education in preuniversity and other nondental university curriculums may reduce dental anxiety among the students.

scholarly journals IgM Anti PGL-1 Antibody Level in Patients with Leprosy: A Comparative Study between Ear Lobes Capillary and Median Cubital Vein Blood Samples

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 1346-1348
Author(s):  
Khairina Nasution ◽  
Kristina Nadeak ◽  
Syahril Rahmat Lubis
Keyword(s):  
Blood Sample ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Median Cubital Vein ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Antibody Levels

BACKGROUND: To establish the diagnosis of leprosy accurately, additional examination such as serologic examination with ELISA is required. There are considerations about taking a blood sample from the earlobe region.AIM: To determine the differences in IgM anti-PGL-1 antibody levels from earlobe capillary and median cubital vein blood sample in leprosy patients.METHODS: An observational analytic study using a cross-sectional study involving 30 patients with leprosy. ELISA examination of earlobe blood samples with filter paper, and the median cubital vein blood samples with filter paper and conventional methods were performed to determine IgM anti-PGL-1 antibody levels.RESULTS: The mean value of IgM anti PGL-1 antibody levels from earlobe blood samples with filter paper (1476.62 μ/ml) was relatively similar with median cubital vein blood samples with conventional method (1476.77 μ/ml), but the mean value of IgM anti PGL-1 antibody levels from median cubital vein blood samples with filter paper (1210.37 μ/ml) was lower from other methods. However, there was no statistically significant difference between them.CONCLUSION: There are no significant differences between the mean levels of IgM anti-PGL-1 antibody from earlobe and the median cubital vein blood samples.

Determining the Accuracy of the Mandibular Canal Region in 3D Biomodels Fabricated from CBCT Scanned Data: A Cadaveric Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 645-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Yusoff Alzawawi Syed Abd Fattah ◽  
Firdaus Hariri ◽  
Phrabhakaran Nambiar ◽  
Zulkiflee Abu Bakar ◽  
Zainal Ariff Abdul Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Mandibular Canal ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Measurement Protocol ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Using Data

Objective:To validate the accuracy of the mandibular canal region in 3D biomodel produced by using data obtained from Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) of cadaveric mandibles.Methods:Six hemi-mandible samples were scanned using the i-CAT CBCT system. The scanned data was transferred to the OsiriX software for measurement protocol and subsequently into Mimics software to fabricate customized cutting jigs and 3D biomodels based on rapid prototyping technology. The hemi-mandibles were segmented into 5 dentoalveolar blocks using the customized jigs. Digital calliper was used to measure six distances surrounding the mandibular canal on each section. The same distances were measured on the corresponding cross-sectional OsiriX images and the 3D biomodels of each dentoalveolar block.Results:Statistically no significant difference was found when measurements from OsiriX images and 3D biomodels were compared to the “gold standard” -direct digital calliper measurement of the cadaveric dentoalveolar blocks. Moreover, the mean value difference of the various measurements between the different study components was also minimal.Conclusion:Various distances surrounding the mandibular canal from 3D biomodels produced from the CBCT scanned data was similar to that of direct digital calliper measurements of the cadaveric specimens.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Knowledge and Perceptions about Pharmacovigilance Activities among Pharmacy Students in Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Osemene Kanayo Patrick ◽  
Afolabi Margaret Olubunmi
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Knowledge Domain ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Studies on pharmacovigilance (PV) activities in Nigeria focused on perceptions of PV among professional healthcare workers are described here. There is paucity of information on pharmacy students’ knowledge about PV activities. Hence, this study, evaluated the knowledge and perceptions of final year pharmacy students about PV activities using descriptive and inferential statistics. A cross sectional study was undertaken in three Nigerian universities with a pretested questionnaire during the period of January and February, 2016. The questionnaire included closed-ended questions on demographic variables and questions designed to achieve the objectives of the study. Data was analyzed with IBM SPSS Statistics 20 and presented in percentages, means, standard deviations and median at 50% percentile. The mean knowledge score of pharmacovigilance and adverse drug reporting for the final year students was 4.25±0.18. There were significant differences in the mean scores of knowledge domain by age groups 21-24 years 4.8±0.70, 25-30 years 6.2 ± 0.84 and >30 years 4.6±0.72 at p=0.001; gender: male 4.1±1.20 and female 4.4±0.98 at (p=0.0001) as well as the current universities attended as follows University 1 with a scrore of 5.1±1.03, University 2 had a mean score of 6.3±0.99 at p=0.0120 and University 3 with a mean score of 4.3±1.01 at p=0.012. Furthermore, significant difference exist in the mean values of pharmacovigilance knowledge between those who had taking some courses in pharmacovigilance (7.3± 0.22) and those who did not (4.7 ± 0.13) at p=0.0001. Generally, the students had inadequate knowledge of PV activities. Therefore, emphasis on relevant PV courses in their curriculum is necessary.Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 20(1): 1-13, 2017

scholarly journals Perbedaan Derajat Keasaman Kulit Wajah, Dada dan Punggung Pada Penderita Akne Vulgaris di Kota Medan Tahun 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-18
Author(s):  
Yuni Selfiana Br. Sembiring ◽  
Rudyn Reymond Panjaitan ◽  
Kristo A Nababan
Keyword(s):  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Facial Skin ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Akne Vulgaris

Background: Acne vulgaris is a disease of the pilosebaceous unit that often occurs in adolescents and young adults. The pathogenesis of acne vulgaris involves several factors, one of which is the acidity (pH) of the skin.  Objective: This study aimed to determine the difference in the degree of acidity of facial skin, chest and back of patients with acne vulgaris.  Methods: This was a comparative analytic study with cross sectional design. The sample collection technique was consecutive sampling. Data were analyzed using ANOVA-test.  Results: The majority of patients with acne vulgaris who came to Murni Teguh Memorial Hospital Medan and the private clinic of dr. Rudyn Reymond Panjaitan, M.Ked (KK), Sp.KK was a 17-25 year old. The mean acidity of facial skin with acne vulgaris was 5.66, the mean acidity of chest skin was 5,84 and the mean acidity of back skin was 6.09. There was a significant difference in the mean value of acidity in facial, chest and back skin of patients with acne vulgaris (p = 0,000). Conclusion: There is a significant difference in average degree of acidity on the facial, chest and back skin in patients with acne vulgaris.

scholarly journals Dental Anxiety among Undergraduate Students of a National University in Brunei Darussalam

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Qi Tan ◽  
Ishak Nurul Sa'idah ◽  
Hanif Abdul Rahman ◽  
Jagjit Singh Dhaliwal
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Dental Anxiety ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Visits ◽  
Brunei Darussalam ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
National University ◽  
The Mean

This study aimed to investigate the nature of dental anxiety among undergraduate students of a national university in Brunei Darussalam. Participants were undergraduate students from different faculties of a national university. It was a cross-sectional study using a questionnaire that included their personal demographics, the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) questions and questions regarding their last dental visit. The degree of anxiety was compared in relation to different factors as mentioned above. Data collected was analyzed using independent t-test and one-way ANOVA. Results showed that the frequency of dental anxiety among the undergraduate students was 70.8%. The mean total MDAS score was 12.3 ± 4.28. Females (13.5±5.12) were more dentally anxious than males (12.2±4.73) (p=0.027). There was a significant difference in the mean MDAS score (p < 0.001) when comparing patterns of dental visits with dental anxiety. More students were fearful of local anesthetic injection than getting tooth drilled. (4) Conclusion: Dental anxiety still remains as one of the obstacles that clinicians face. More studies need to be done to provide a better understanding on how dental anxiety can affect the pattern of dental visits. Future studies should explore the etiology of dental anxiety. This study helps to create awareness on the presence of dental anxiety amongst the existent population group and also to aid clinicians in identifying areas of dentistry where patients are most anxious about in order to come up with a suitable treatment plan.

scholarly journals Incident of Mucositis and The Factors that Influence it on Children with Cancer Who Received Chemotherapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 202
Author(s):  
Sri Hendrawati ◽  
Ikeu Nurhidayah ◽  
Henny Suzana Mediani ◽  
Ai Mardhiyah
Keyword(s):  
Health Workers ◽  
Oral Care ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean

Chemotherapy shows high effectiveness, but also has side effects, including mucositis. Mucositis can cause pain, difficulty sleeping, eating disorders, mood, and activity, which has implications for the quality of life of children. The purpose of this study was to identify the incidence of mucositis and the factors that influence the incidence of mucositis in cancerous children receiving chemotherapy treatment. This research method is descriptive correlational analysis with cross sectional design. Consecutive sampling technique was used to establish respondents as research samples so as to get 60 respondents. Data were analyzed univariately and bivariately. Bivariate analysis was performed with Chi square test and 2 mean difference test to see differences in the mean values of mucositis before and after chemotherapy. The results showed that almost all cancer children who received chemotherapy had 53 people (88.3%) and a small portion, 7 people (11.7%) had no mucositis. There was a significant difference in the mean value (p = 0,000) between before and after chemotherapy with an increase in the average mucositis value of 3.12. The research shows that there is a significant relationship (p <0.05) between previous mucositis experience (p = 0,000), type of cancer (p = 0.025), type of chemotherapy (p = 0.010), and duration of therapy (p = 0.027) and the incidence of mucositis. Meanwhile nutritional status was not related to the incidence of mucositis (p = 0.077). Nurses, as health workers who most often contact with patients, should be able to improve nursing care in cancer children who get chemotherapy in minimizing the occurrence of mucositis by conducting routine mucositis and oral care assessments.

scholarly journals An assessment of empathy levels of dental students’ in Nepal: A cross-sectional comparative study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 146-150
Author(s):  
Siddharth Ghimire ◽  
Punam Basnet Dixit ◽  
Deepak Kumar Roy ◽  
Shweta Dhital ◽  
Sirjana Dahal
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Empathy Score ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Student Version ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year

Background: Empathy is a behavioural aspect of understanding and communicating with a desire to help. Empathy in medical personnel with patient is one of the basic ingredients of good physician/dentist –patient relationships. Objectives: To assess empathy level among dental undergraduate students, interns and dental postgraduate students of Nepal and to investigate the differences in empathy scores based on gender and year of dental training. Methodology: A cross-sectional questionnaire study was carried out among 240 dental students of different dental colleges in Nepal. Eighty students were included in each group of third to final-year undergraduate dental students, interns and postgraduate students. Data was collected using a standard-validated, self-administered Jefferson Scale of Empathy-Health Care Provider Student Version (JSE-HPS). This questionnaire included 20 items with a seven-point Likert scale. This scale has relevant content that allows assessing empathy between students and their patients. The collected data was entered in Microsoft Excel and statistical analysis was done in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20. Results: Out of 240 dental students, 74 (30.8%) were males and 166 (69.2%) were females with the mean age of 25.35 ±3.203. The mean empathy score was 79.59 ± 6.492.There was no significant difference in mean empathy level score by gender. The interns were the most empathetic (80.80 ± 6.147). The mean empathy score was found to be highest for the students with less than one year of experience of treating patient (81.85 ± 7.841). Conclusion: Empathy should be given importance to in dental curriculum to improve dentist-patient relationship, thereby improving the treatment outcomes.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and perception on PharmD program among penultimate and final-year undergraduate pharmacy students in a Nigerian university – An intervention study

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-389
Author(s):  
Akinniyi A. Aje ◽  
Augustine O. Okhamafe
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Knowledge Assessment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
University Of Ibadan

Purpose: To carry out an interventional study on the knowledge, attitude and perception of penultimate and final year undergraduate pharmacy students of the University of Ibadan on Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) program. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among penultimate and final-year undergraduate students of the Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan using semi-structured questionnaire. A seminar was organized for the intervention group. The data were summarized using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Pre-intervention PharmD knowledge assessment of majority, 63 (94.0 %) control group and 63 (87.5 %) intervention group participants was below average. Post-intervention, 38 (52.8 %) intervention group participants had satisfactory scores, while 54 (80.6 %) of control group had below average scores. Generally, the participants had good PharmD attitude and perception. There was a significant difference (p < 0.001) between pre- and post-intervention PharmD knowledge assessment among the intervention group. A significant difference (p < 0.001) was observed between the post-intervention PharmD knowledge of the control group and the intervention group. Conclusion: Baseline below average PharmD knowledge of study participants improved significantly in the intervention group post-intervention. Generally, the participants had a good attitude and perception towards the PharmD program. Keywords: PharmD, Pre-post intervention, Undergraduate pharmacy students, Knowledge, Attitude, Perception, University of Ibadan

Load Distribution Between Right and Left Foot by Using Podata Postural Stabilometric Footplate in Undergraduate Students of Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adnan Hashim ◽  
Ashfaq Ahmad ◽  
Asif Hanif ◽  
Samia Sarmad ◽  
Faiza Sharif
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Load Distribution ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Secure Place

Abstract Objective: The objective was to assess the load distribution between right and left foot by using PODATA Postural Stabilometric footplate in undergraduate students of Pakistan.Study design: Cross sectional study.Place and Duration: This study was conducted from the different medical institutes of Pakistan.Methodology: Ethical committee's clearance was acquired from the University of Lahore before this research's ritualistic starting point. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 145 undergraduate students having age years. For data collection, empowerment from patients was started by taking compile agreement from the university's management. Informed consent was taken from the study participants. All questions in the questionnaire were validated through previous literature. Questionnaires were provided and abstracted to the respondents as a pamphlet. After collection, data was saved in a secure place to avoid any biases.Results: Out of 145 students, 115(75.9%) students were females, and 30(24.1%) students were males, 76 students had normal body weight, The mean weight on the right foot was 2.29 ± 0.92 kg by accessor 1, 2.29 ± 0.93 kg by accessor 2 & the mean weight on the left foot was 0.57 ± 0.33 kg by Accessor 1, 0.57 ± 0.34 kg by Accessor 2; hence, there is a significant difference in weight on right & left foot by accessor 1 & accessor 2 during open eyes as the p-value was significant. (value <0.00001**).Conclusion: It was concluded that the load distribution is not the same as the right foot and the left foot. The right foot is dominant; changing the accessor doesn't matter the foot's dominancy, and if someone has right-hand dominance, it's not necessarily that their right foot Will be dominant. Their left foot can also be dominant. Load distribution between foot also depends on the total body weight.

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