scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening and In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Anti-Cancer Plant: Rutidea parviflora (Rubiaceae)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Johnson-Ajinwo Okiemute Rosa ◽  
Johnson-Ajinwo Okiemute Rosa ◽  
Udofia Cynthia Emmanuel ◽  
Nwanosike Ahamefula Okeosisi
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Organic Extract ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Group B

The rapid development of malignant cancers is characterized by inflammation, which poses a significant drawback in cancer therapy. Both cancer and inflammation operate on very similar mechanisms involving angiogenesis and cell proliferation. Currently, cancer-intrinsic inflammations have been shown to promote cancer progression and hinder apoptosis of cancerous cells. Thus, an effective strategy for chemoprevention and therapy would involve the control of inflammation. This research work aims to investigate the antiinflammatory activity of the extracts of the root bark of Rutidea parviflora (Rubiaceae), a plant I previously reported for anti-ovarian cancer activities and the isolation of palmatine; an anti-cancer compound and a second compound; urs-12-ene-24-oic acid, 3-oxo, methyl ester. This plant is renowned for its antiinflammatory properties amongst locals in Delta state, Nigeria, which has necessitated this present research. Organic and aqueous extracts were obtained from the pulverized root bark by use of the America national cancer institute protocol (NCI). The organic extract was partitioned sequentially in increasing order of polarity with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and distilled water to obtain four fractions. Phytochemical screening was done using standard procedures. Results from the phytochemical screening indicated the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, glycosides and carbohydrates. Anti-inflammatory investigations of the extracts and fractions were carried out by the induction of inflammation. The animals were grouped into 12 test groups and 2 control groups with 6 rats per group. Egg albumin (0.1 ml) was administered sub-plantarly followed by treatment. Group A received a dose of 200 mg/kg of the plant extracts and Group B received a dose of 400 mg/kg of the plant extracts. Group C (positive control) received indomethacin (10 mg/kg), while Group D (negative control) received 1 ml of normal saline. Statistical analysis showed significance against the negative control indicated by P<0.05 for extracts and fractions. While for the fourth hour post induction of inflammation; the activities of the Group B organic extract, ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions were comparable with indomethacin indicating that the plant possess significant anti-inflammatory activity and warrants further anti-inflammatory studies.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF ASAM KANDIS (GARCINIA XANTHOCHYMUS HOOK. F. EX T. ANDERSON) FRUIT

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Hanafis Sastra Winata ◽  
Rosidah Rosidah ◽  
Panal Sitorus
Keyword(s):  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Garcinia Xanthochymus ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

 Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity in acute and subacute models of inflammation from ethanolic fruit extract of Asam kandis (Garcinia xanthochymus Hook. f. ex T. Anderson) in animal (rats) models.Methods: Pleliminary phytochemical screening was carried out by using standard procedures.. Assessment of acute and subacute models of inflammation was using carrageenan-induced paw edema method and cotton pellet granuloma method using three dosage treatments; 200 mg/kg BW, 400 mg/kg BW, and 800 mg/kg BW along with a negative control group (0.5% Na CMC) and positive control (Na diclofenac 2.25 mg/kg BW). The inhibition period was observed at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 min time intervals.Result: The phytochemical screening showed that the ethanolic fruit extract from Asam kandis contain contains flavonoids, glycosides, steroids, and triterpenoids. The anti-inflammatory result showed that the strongest inhibition produced by ethanolic fruit extract of Asam kandis occurred on the dosage of 800 mg/kg BW compared to the other doses (200 and 400 mg/kg BW) throughout the observation period.Conclusion: This finding indicated that ethanolic fruit extract of Asam kandis (G. xanthochymus Hook. f. ex T. Anderson) might become an interesting candidate for treatment of inflammation.

Phytochemical screening, safety evaluation, anti-inflammatory and analgesic studies of the leaf extracts of Sterculia tragacantha

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olufunke M. Mogbojuri ◽  
Adeolu A. Adedapo ◽  
Matthew O. Abatan
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Toxicity Test ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Powdered Material ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Tail Flick Test ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract:: Fresh leaves of the plant were collected and dried at room temperature and pulverized into powder form and 200 g of this powder was dissolved first in hexane for 72 h and the extract was filtered and the filtrate was concentrated while the substrate was further dissolved in chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol at different times and similar procedure adopted as for the hexane. The organic solvents were used based on order of increasing polarity. Graded concentrations of the solvent extracts were prepared and used for the study. Pilot toxicity test was carried out to determine safety dose using hematology and serum chemistry as indices of toxicity. Thereafter anti-inflammatory and analgesic studies were conducted using standard tests such as carrageenan, histamine-induced-edema, tail flick test and acetic writhing test. Phytochemical screening of the plant was also conducted.: Phytochemical screening of the powdered material showed that alkaloid, flavonoid and reducing sugar were present while tannin, cardiac glycosides, saponins and anthraquinones were absent. Pilot toxicity test using aqueous extract at 100 mg/mL concentration showed that no mortality was recorded although the animals that received 3,000 mg/kg dose exhibited slight dullness after 48 h. No significant changes were also observed for the packed cell volume, hemoglobin, white blood cell counts, platelet counts, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, blood urea nitrogen, albumin, globulin except for the 200 and 3,000 mg/kg doses that caused significant increase in the level of total protein. The n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts of: The different leaf extracts of

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECT TEST OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF TURMERIC RHIZOME (Curcuma domestica Val.)TOWARD MALE WHITE MOUSE (Rattus norvegicus)

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rulia Meilina
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
White Mouse ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Suspension Control ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Anti-inflammatory effect of ethanol rhizome of turmeric was conducted toward white mouse which is induced the carrageenan solution (lambda carrageenan) 1 %, research was conducted by dividing the animals into 5 groups.Group A was given CMC 0,5%, group B was given Indometacin with dose 100 mg/kgBB, group C was given  ethanol rhizome extract of turmeric with dose 400 mg/kgBB, group D was given ethanol rhizome extract of turmeric with dose 500 mg/kgBB, group E was given ethanol rhizome extract of turmeric with dose 600 mg/kgBB. Result of phytochemical screening toward powder and ethanol extract of rhizome of turmeric shows that chemical compounds which are involved are alkaloids, flavonoids, and aetheric oil. In the other hand, result of phytochemical screening toward ethanol extract of turmeric’s rhizome are alkaloids,flavonoids,anthraquinones, glycosides. Result of anti-inflammatory test shows that there is the real difference among groups of mouse which were given CMC suspension (control), suspension of ethanol extracts of turmeric’s rhizome with dose 400 mg/kg BB, 500 mg/kg BB, 600 mg/kg BB (material test) and suspension of indomethacin with dose 100 mg/kg BB (positive comparison). Suspension of ethanol extract of turmeric’s rhizome with dose 600 mg/kg BB shows that anti-inflammatory capability is better than dose 400 mg/kg BB and 500 mg/kg BB, and suspension of ethanol extract of turmeric’s rhizome dose 600 mg/kg BB shows the anti-inflammatory effect which is not really different with suspension of indomethacin with dose 100 mg/kg BB, it is showed by  ANOVA statistic analysis among those comparisons toward indomethacin suspension as positive comparison.Keywords:Anti-inflammatory, Indomethacin, Turmeric Rhizome

scholarly journals Larvicidal action of Nux-vomica (Strychnus nux-vomica L.) against Diamond back moth (Plutella xylostella L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 2291-2299
Author(s):  
C. Selvaraj ◽  
J. S. Kennedy ◽  
M. Suganthy
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Leaf Disc ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Cent Mortality ◽  
Hexane Extracts ◽  
Fruit Rind

The present investigation reports on larvicidal efficacy of plant extracts of Nux-vomica, Strychnus nux-vomica against Diamond back moth (DBM). In this investigation shade dried and powdered nux-vomica plant sam-ples (leaves, root bark, stem bark, seed and fruit rind) were extracted with organic solvents ethanol, methanol, ace-tone, hexane and chloroform and also formulated as Emulsifiable Concentrates (EC) using surfactant and solvents. This formulated plant extracts were tested against third instar larvae of DBM for larvicidal efficacy using leaf disc bioassay method under laboratory condition. Among the five solvent extracts tested, hexane extracts of root bark 11.11 EC @ 2 % showed highest larval mortality of 76.66 % followed by seed 14.25 EC, leaf 16.66 EC, stem bark 12.50 EC and fruit rind 12.50 EC extracts exhibited maximum mortality @ 2 % concentration recording 66.66, 63.33, 56.66 and 40.00 per cent mortality respectively. Positive and negative control such as respective solvent and water showed 10.00 and 3.33 % larval mortality respectively. The results of these experiment clearly indicate that nux-vomica plant possess promising larvicidal action against diamond back moth.

scholarly journals Evaluation Patch of Rhizoma Extract Kencur (Kaempferia galanga L.) as Anti-Inflammatory with Enhancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Hesti Riasari ◽  
Revika Rachmaniar ◽  
Sri Wahyuni
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Propylene Glycol ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Kaempferia Galanga ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Kencur (Kaempferia galanga L.) is a family of Zingiberaceae. Several studies have shown that kencur can help reduce inflammation because kencur is known to contain anti-inflammatory compounds, namely marker compounds from flavonoids, kaempferol. For the development of pharmaceutical preparations, research on anti-inflammatory plasters containing 96% ethanol extract, n-hexane extract, ethyl acetate extract and 70% ethanol extract from ginger rhizome with the addition of penetration enhancer (enhancer), namely propylene glycol. This anti-inflammatory plaster was tested for its activity in 5 groups of Wistar strain rat feet which had been induced 1% carrageenan (negative control); positive control (diclofenac sodium), ethanol96% extract, n-hexane extract, ethyl acetate extract and 70% ethanol extract from kencur rhizome and compared with plaster of kencur rhizome ethanol extract without enhancer. The results showed the effect of adding enhancers 30 minutes after administration. 96% ethanol extract and ethyl acetate extract had reduced inflammation by 79.99% in rat test animals compared to plaster ethanol extract of rhizome kencur without the addition of enhancers. Keywords :  Kaempferia galanga. L., patch, anti-inflammatory, enhancer, propylene glycol

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening and In Vivo Antimalarial Activity of Two Traditionally Used Medicinal Plants of Afar Region, Ethiopia, against Plasmodium berghei in Swiss Albino Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sibhatu Gebrehiwot ◽  
Mohammed Shumbahri ◽  
Amelework Eyado ◽  
Tilahun Yohannes
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Salvadora Persica ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Albino Mice

The objective of the present study was to investigate phytochemical components, antiplasmodial activity (in vivo) and evaluate the toxicity of two local medicinal plants, namely, Salvadora persica L. and Balanites rotundifolia (Van Tiegh.) used in Afar ethnomedicine for the treatment of malaria. In this study, phytochemical screening has been done using standard methods and the existence of antiplasmodial compounds was detected in these plant extracts. Four-day Peter’s test was used to determine parasite inhibition, PCV was determined by Wintrob’s method, and effects against loss of body weight and improvements on survival time were determined. LD50s of the crude extracts have been also done. Acute toxicity studies of the extracts were carried out in Swiss albino mice prior to antimalarial activity test. All extracts revealed no obvious acute toxicities on mice up to the highest (5000mg/kg) dose given. The crude extract was estimated to have oral median lethal dose higher than 5,000 mg/kg. With the 4-day suppressive test, both plant extracts demonstrated dose-dependent significant reduction in parasitemia level at all test doses compared to the negative control: in the extract of B. rotundifolia 500 mg/kg extract (60.59±3.25%), 350 mg/kg extract (48.1±1.4), and 200 mg/kg extract (41.33±1.1%) were found. And in case of S. Persica 500 mg/kg extract (50.6±4.01%), 350 mg/kg extract (35.85±0.89), and 200 mg/kg extract (27.69±1.14%) were found. The results of this study provide support for the traditional therapeutic value and the reported antimalarial activity.

scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activity of mulberry (Morus alba L.) root bark

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Ji Eo ◽  
Jae Ho Park ◽  
Gwang Hun Park ◽  
Man Hyo Lee ◽  
Jeong Rak Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morus Alba ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Cancer Activity

scholarly journals Gene Expression Mediated Antiproliferative Potential and Safety of Selected Medicinal Plants Against Cancerous and Normal Cells

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Wachuka Mbugua ◽  
Eliud Mwaniki Njagi ◽  
Chrispus Mutuku Ngule ◽  
Peter Mwitari
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Selective Toxicity ◽  
Normal Cells ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Cancerous Cell ◽  
Albizia Gummifera

AbstractGlobally, approximately 13% of all deaths annually are attributed to cancer. Surgery, radiation and chemotherapy are the current treatment techniques for cancer, however these methods are expensive, have high failure rates and have been associated with detrimental side effects. Plant derived products could be good candidates in alleviating challenges being experienced with these current methods. This study aimed at evaluating the phytochemistry, antiproliferation potential, and probable mechanism of action ofAlbizia gummifera,Rhamnus staddoandSenna didymobotryaplant extracts. Phytochemical screening was done as per standard procedures. The common 3– (4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) -2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) dye was used in the determination of the antiproliferative activity of the extracts. Extracts induction ofVEGF(angiogenesis) and p53 (apoptosis) genes’ expression was evaluated using Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction. Phytochemical screening revealed presence of alkaloids, tannins, glycosides, flavonoids, terpenes, phenolics and saponins in the plants extracts.A. gummifera’sstem bark methanol: dichloromethane extract had the highest activity against the cancerous cell lines tested: HCC1395 (IC506.07±0.04μg/ml), DU145 (IC503.34±0.05μg/ml), CT26 (IC505.78±0.08μg/ml) and Hep2 (IC507.02±0.01μg/ml).R. staddoroot bark methanol: dichloromethane extract had an IC50value of 15.71±0.04μg/ml on HCC, 9.81±0.09μg/ml on Hep2 and 11.14±0.39μg/ml on CT26.S. didymobotryaroot bark methanol: dichloromethane extract inhibited HCC with an IC50of 65.06±0.07μg/ml, CT26 with an IC50of 15.71±0.04μg/ml and Hep2 with an IC50of 62.10±0.11μg/ml. From the results obtained, the plants exhibited selective toxicity to cancer cells while sparing the normal cells (SI ≥ 3).A. gummiferaandS. didymobotryaandR. staddoplant extracts upregulated p53 and down-regulatedVEGFgenes. In conclusion, this study confirms that these plant extracts could be potential candidates for development of drugs for the management of breast, prostrate, colorectal and throat cancer.

Chemical Constituents of the Aerial Parts of Scoparia Dulcis and Anti-Cancer, Anti-Inflammatory Activities

2019 ◽  
Vol 814 ◽  
pp. 360-364
Author(s):  
Nguyen Ngoc Thanh Tin ◽  
Nguyen Dang Thanh Truc ◽  
Hoang Thi Thu Hang ◽  
Pham Thi Nhat Trinh ◽  
Long Giang Bach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Methanol Fraction ◽  
Scoparia Dulcis ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Whole Plants ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

In Vietnam, the medicinal plant Scoparia dulcis is used for the treatment of bronchitis, gastric disorders, antidiabetes, hypertension, hepatitis etc.1 In this paper, experiments was designed to evaluate in vitro anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities and isolate phytochemicals from methanol extracts of Scoparia dulcis whole plants. The chemical investigation of methanol fraction of Scoparia dulcis led to the isolation of benzoxazinone (1), phenylethanoid (2), flavone (3), and lignan (4) glycosides. The bioactivity results indicated that crude ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts had potent cytotoxic activity toward the HepG2 cancer cell with IC50 of 47.03 μg/mL and 36.04 μg/mL, respectively. Interestingly, crude ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts had the NO inhibitory activity, with inhibition of 56.9 % or 74.7 % at 30 μg/mL and 97.3% or 82.9 % at 100 μg/mL, respectively. In addition, the hexane extract at concentrations of 100 μg/ml demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity through the inhibition of nitric oxide production of 76.7%.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document