scholarly journals Pathomorphosis of Vascular Dementia with Psychotic Symptoms

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-05
Author(s):  
Rumiyya Karimova
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
The Past ◽  
Criteria For Diagnosis

Objective: To study the pathomorphosis of vascular dementia over the past 30 years. The study of the pathomorphosis of mental disorders makes significant adjustments to the criteria for diagnosis and nosography. Dementia has also undergone pathomorphosis over the years. Materials and Methods: The research was carried out in the Psychiatric Hospitalsin Azerbaijan. A retrospective analysis was carried out for the period 1990-1999, which were compared with a similar contingent during 2010-2020. Results: The number of hospitalized patients with vascular dementia has increased over the past 10 years, which means both an increase in the incidence of the disease and an increase in symptoms requiring psychiatric treatment. Conclusions: Pathomorphosis has also manifested itself in sex. Thus, the number of female patients has increased in the last 10 years. As a result of the disease, there is a positive trend, a decrease in mortality.

Suicidality and Treatment Experience Among Young People Who Inject Drugs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Ellen Mackesy-Amiti ◽  
Lawrence J. Ouellet
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Young People ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
People Who Inject Drugs ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Psychiatric Research ◽  
Health Treatment ◽  
The Past

Background. We examined correlates of past year suicidal thoughts and behavior (STB) and described past year treatment experiences among young people who inject drugs (PWID). Methods. Participants were 570 adults (18-25 years) who injected primarily heroin. Interviews were conducted at field stations operated by Community Outreach Intervention Projects in Chicago, Illinois (USA). Interviewers administered the Psychiatric Research Instrument for Substance and Mental Disorders. Substance use and mental disorders were based on DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. Past year STB was based on multiple questions. Results. Sixteen percent of men and 25% of women reported STB in the past year. In multivariable analysis, STB was associated with non-heterosexual orientation, foster care, and being raised by two parents. Primary major depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, other anxiety disorders, and borderline personality disorder had independent effects on suicidality. Among those reporting past year STB (n=111), 83% ever received mental health treatment, while 44% did so in the past year. While 24% of respondents indicated that at least one treatment matched their needs very well, 30% reported treatment that did not match their needs at all. The most common reason for ending treatment was program completion (about 50%) while getting better was endorsed by about 25%. Nearly half reported ending treatment due to a bad experience, logistical issues, or expense. Conclusions. Young PWID are at high risk for suicidal behavior and their mental health treatment experiences often do not meet their needs. There is a pressing need for more integrated substance use and mental health treatment.

scholarly journals Care for Women with Delusional Disorder: Towards a Specialized Approach

Women ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-59
Author(s):  
Alexandre González-Rodríguez ◽  
Mary V. Seeman ◽  
Aida Álvarez ◽  
Armand Guàrdia ◽  
Nadia Sanz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Delusional Disorder ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
High Functioning ◽  
Service Programs ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Specific Health

Delusional disorder is a difficult-to-treat clinical condition with health needs that are often undertreated. Although individuals with delusional disorder may be high functioning in daily life, they suffer from serious health complaints that may be sex-specific. The main aim of this narrative review is to address these sex-specific health needs and to find ways of integrating their management into service programs. Age is an important issue. Delusional disorder most often first occurs in middle to late adult life, a time that corresponds to menopause in women, and menopausal age correlates with increased development of both somatic and psychological health problems in women. It is associated with a rise in the prevalence of depression and a worsening of prior psychotic symptoms. Importantly, women with delusional disorder show low compliance rates with both psychiatric treatment and with medical/surgical referrals. Intervention at the patient, provider, and systems levels are needed to address these ongoing problems.

Effect of Marriage on Pre-existing Psychoses: A Convenient or Futile Solution for Severe Mental Disorders?

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 273-276
Author(s):  
Prakash B. Behere ◽  
Aniruddh P. Behere ◽  
Debolina Chowdhury ◽  
Amit B. Nagdive ◽  
Richa Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Social Stigma ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Antipsychotic Treatment ◽  
Contractual Relationship ◽  
History Of ◽  
Paranoid Type

Marriage can be defined as the state of being united as spouses in a consensual and contractual relationship recognized by law. The general population generally believes marriage to be a solution to mental illnesses. It can be agreed that mental disorders and marital issues have some relation. Parents of patients with psychoses expect that marriage is the solution to the illness and often approach doctors and seek validation about the success of the marriage of their mentally ill child, which is a guarantee no doctor can give in even normal circumstances. Evidence on sexual functioning in patients of psychosis is limited and needs further understanding. Studies show about 60%–70% women of the schizophrenia spectrum and illness to experience sexual difficulties. Based on available information, sexual dysfunction in population with psychosis can be attributed to a variety of psychosocial factors, ranging from the psychotic symptoms in itself to social stigma and institutionalization and also due to the antipsychotic treatment. Despite the decline in sexual activity and quality of life in general, it is very rarely addressed by both the treating doctor and by the patient themselves hence creating a lacuna in the patient’s care and availability of information regarding the illness’ pathophysiology. Patients become noncompliant with medications due to this undesirable effect and hence it requires to be given more attention during treatment. It was also found that paranoid type of schizophrenia patient had lower chances of separation than patients with other types of schizophrenia. The risk of relapse in cases with later age of onset of the disease, lower education, a positive family history of psychosis or a lower income increased more than other populations.

scholarly journals Spirituality and Employment in Recovery from Severe and Persistent Mental Illness and Psychological Well-Being

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Jesús Saiz ◽  
María Galilea ◽  
Antonio J. Molina ◽  
María Salazar ◽  
Tiffany J. Barsotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Work Motivation ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Predictor Variable ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Job Skills ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Persistent Mental Illness

People diagnosed with severe and persistent mental illness (SPMI) face multiple vulnerabilities, including when seeking employment. Among SPMI patients, studies show that a stronger sense of spirituality can help to reduce psychotic symptoms, increase social integration, reduce the risk of suicide attempts and promote adherence to psychiatric treatment. This study examined how the variables spirituality and employment affect the recovery process and psychological well-being of people with SPMI who attend employment recovery services. The sample consisted of 64 women and men diagnosed with an SPMI. The assessment instruments included the Recovery Assessment Scale, Ryff Psychological Well-Being Scale, Work Motivation Questionnaire, Daily Spiritual Experience Scale, and Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy—Spiritual Well-Being (FACIT-Sp12). Hierarchical regression analyses were performed to compare three different models for each dependent variable (recovery and psychological well-being). The findings showed that job skills predicted psychological well-being and recovery. When spiritual variables were included in the model, job skills dropped out and the dimension meaning/peace of the FACIT-Sp12 emerged as the only significant predictor variable. Integrating spirituality into recovery programs for people with SPMI may be a helpful complement to facilitate the recovery process and improve psychological well-being.

scholarly journals Neopterin predicts disease severity in hospitalized patients with COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Bellmann-Weiler ◽  
Lukas Lanser ◽  
Francesco Burkert ◽  
Stefanie Seiwald ◽  
Gernot Fritsche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Clinical Management ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Predictive Marker ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Icu Admission ◽  
Circulating Inflammatory Markers

Abstract This study evaluates the predictive value of circulating inflammatory markers, especially neopterin, in patients with COVID-19. Within this retrospective analysis of 115 hospitalized COVID-19 patients, elevated neopterin levels upon admission were significantly associated with disease severity, risk for ICU admission, need for mechanical ventilation and death. Therefore, neopterin is a reliable predictive marker in patients with COVID-19 and may help to improve the clinical management of patients.

Low frequency of request for liaison psychiatry: A difficulty in the early detection of mental disorders by medical assistants?

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S487-S487
Author(s):  
M. Aguiar Machado ◽  
J. Gonçalves Oliveira ◽  
E. Oliveira Cunha ◽  
E. Vieira de Melo ◽  
E. Oliva-Costa
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Liaison Psychiatry ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

IntroductionThe liaison psychiatry (LP) is a feature used by the psychiatrist in order to improve the management of patients with mental suffering and/or mental disorder admitted to general hospital.ObjectivesTo characterize the epidemiological profile of hospitalized patients at the university hospital of the federal university of Sergipe (HU-UFS) submitted to LP.Methodsretrospective and observational study, through analysis of medical records of patients admitted in the wards of clinical medicine and surgery from the HU-UFS, in the period from January to December 2015, submitted to LP. The information collected fed a specific questionnaire developed by the authors, intended for research of socio-demographic data and clinical profile.Resultsthe frequency of request for IP was of 3.5%, with the majority of applications was performed by clinical medicine (71.2%), while the surgical clinic was responsible for 28.8%. The main reason for the request of LP was the presence of depressive symptoms (49.1%). There was a predominance of females (52.5%) and the mean age was 45.9 ± 14.6 years.ConclusionsThe frequency of request for LP was very low, suggesting a difficulty in the early detection of mental disorders by physicians. This finding points to an underreporting of cases, since the prevalence of depressive symptoms in hospitalized patients is over 50% in this institution.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Airborne Laser Scanning in Poland - Between Science and Practice

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-133
Author(s):  
Zdzisław Kurczyński
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Airborne Laser Scanning ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Development Trends ◽  
The Past ◽  
Airborne Laser ◽  
National Production ◽  
Research Centres

Abstract The article is a retrospective analysis of the development of airborne laser scanning technology in the country in the past twenty years, i.e. from the beginnings of this technique use in Poland to the present day. The emphasis in the text is placed on development trends and scientific and application problems in the field of technology undertaken by national research centres. The review is based on numerous publications in this field, which have been released over two decades mainly in the “Archive of Photogrammetry, Cartography and Remote Sensing”. Therefore, the article is a presentation of the progress in the area of airborne laser scanning through an attempt to systematize and review national publications in this scope. It also presents the development of the national production potential and the level of the country’s coverage with data and products derived from airborne laser scanning.

Compulsory Psychiatric Treatment in the Community

1991 ◽  
Vol 158 (6) ◽  
pp. 792-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Sensky ◽  
Timothy Hughes ◽  
Steven Hirsch
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Treatment Compliance ◽  
Community Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Treatment Use ◽  
Reduced Time ◽  
Treatment Order ◽  
Community Treatment Order

Following in-patient psychiatric treatment under Section 3 of the Mental Health Act, some patients have in the past remained on Section after discharge, and subsequently the Section has been renewed while the patient remained ‘on leave’. People treated thus with ‘extended leave’ probably resemble closely those who would be placed on a community treatment order if this were available. A group of these extended-leave patients was compared with a control group, matched for age, sex and diagnosis, selected by consultant psychiatrists as not requiring treatment using a community treatment order. The two groups showed very few differences, but the extended-leave patients more commonly had a history of recent dangerousness and non-compliance with psychiatric treatment. Use of extended leave improved treatment compliance, reduced time spent in hospital, and reduced levels of dangerousness.

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