scholarly journals Diabetes Prediction System using Classification Techniques & Healthcare Consultation using Artificial Intelligence

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-198
Author(s):  
Jeyarani Periyasamy ◽  
Muqaddas Rahim ◽  
Kalaimagal Ramakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Functional System ◽  
Online Consultation ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Knowledge Discovery In Database ◽  
Diabetes Prediction ◽  
Detection And Diagnosis ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Late Detection

Diabetes is a global diseases that has affected over 388 million people and cause many deaths and serious condition. This is due to the late detection and diagnosis of the disease as it causes a delay in treatment and becomes harder to prevent it from worsening. It is important to detect the disease at an early stage and start early treatment to prevent it from becoming life-threatening. The aim of this project is to produce a system that can accurately predict the disease in real-time for the user and provide online consultation by doctors and chatbots which will help prevent major illnesses in future. The project targets anyone who may want to check whether they have the disease or not. It also serves as a platform for doctors to provide online consultation to their clients. The project will follow the Knowledge Discovery in Database approach. Implementing the system will reduce time consumption, produce real-time results cost-freely & early detection of diabetes. The project is expected to produce a functional system which accurately predicts diabetes based on the data entered in real-time to minimize visits to clinics and cut the cost of the test while providing online health consultation.

scholarly journals Development of Asynchronous Motor Bearing Fault Diagnosis Method using TDA and FFNN

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 2622-2625
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Asynchronous Motor ◽  
Time Domain Analysis ◽  
Process Industry ◽  
Feed Forward Neural Network ◽  
Bearing Fault Diagnosis ◽  
Asynchronous Motors ◽  
Diagnosis Method ◽  
Detection And Diagnosis ◽  
The Cost

Asynchronous motors (AM) are life line of any process industry. Malfunctioning of AM at any stage of process leads the cost of finish product and decrease the efficiency of plant. Hence detection and diagnosis of AM failure at early stage is essential for timely maintenance and enhance the overall efficiency of the plant. The work present in this paper focuses on the bearing faults of AM. For this purpose experimental setup is developed in laboratory and results are based on experimental study carried out in laboratory by analysing AM generated vibration signals using time domain analysis (TDA) and feed forward neural network (FFNN).

scholarly journals Physiomarkers in Real-Time Physiological Data Streams Predict Adult Sepsis Onset Earlier Than Clinical Practice

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franco van Wyk ◽  
Anahita Khojandi ◽  
Robert L. Davis ◽  
Rishikesan Kamaleswaran
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Time Windows ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Physiological Data ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Life Threatening

AbstractRationale: Sepsis is a life-threatening condition with high mortality rates and expensive treatment costs. To improve short- and long-term outcomes, it is critical to detect at-risk sepsis patients at an early stage.Objective: Our primary goal was to develop machine learning models capable of predicting sepsis using streaming physiological data in real-time.Methods: A dataset consisting of high-frequency physiological data from 1,161 critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) was analyzed in this IRB-approved retrospective observational cohort study. Of that total, 634 patients were identified to have developed sepsis. In this paper, we define sepsis as meeting the Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) criteria in the presence of the suspicion of infection. In addition to the physiological data, we include white blood cell count (WBC) to develop a model that can signal the future occurrence of sepsis. A random forest classifier was trained to discriminate between sepsis and non-sepsis patients using a total of 108 features extracted from 2-hour moving time-windows. The models were trained on 80% of the patients and were tested on the remaining 20% of the patients, for two observational periods of lengths 3 and 6 hours.Results: The models, respectively, resulted in F1 scores of 75% and 69% half-hour before sepsis onset and 79% and 76% ten minutes before sepsis onset. On average, the models were able to predict sepsis 210 minutes (3.5 hours) before the onset.Conclusions: The use of robust machine learning algorithms, continuous streams of physiological data, and WBC, allows for early identification of at-risk patients in real-time with high accuracy.

scholarly journals Advances in Optical Aptasensors for Early Detection and Diagnosis of Various Cancer Types

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qurat ul ain Zahra ◽  
Qaiser Ali Khan ◽  
Zhaofeng Luo
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Cancer Diagnostics ◽  
Clinical Diagnostics ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Detection And Diagnosis ◽  
Cancerous Cells ◽  
Early Detection And Diagnosis

Cancer is a life-threatening concern worldwide. Sensitive and early-stage diagnostics of different cancer types can make it possible for patients to get through the best available treatment options to combat this menace. Among several new detection methods, aptamer-based biosensors (aptasensors) have recently shown promising results in terms of sensitivity, identification, or detection of either cancerous cells or the associated biomarkers. In this mini-review, we have summarized the most recent (2016–2020) developments in different approaches belonging to optical aptasensor technologies being widely employed for their simple operation, sensitivity, and early cancer diagnostics. Finally, we shed some light on limitations, advantages, and current challenges of aptasensors in clinical diagnostics, and we elaborated on some future perspectives.

Insights into Transdermal Drug Delivery: Approaches for Redressal of a Burgeoning Issue of Osteoporosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 1682-1695
Author(s):  
Foziyah Zakir ◽  
Kanchan Kohli ◽  
Farhan J. Ahmad ◽  
Zeenat Iqbal ◽  
Adil Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Transdermal Delivery ◽  
Oral Delivery ◽  
Calcium Absorption ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Systemic Delivery ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
The Cost

Osteoporosis is a progressive bone disease that remains unnoticed until a fracture occurs. It is more predominant in the older age population, particularly in females due to reduced estrogen levels and ultimately limited calcium absorption. The cost burden of treating osteoporotic fractures is too high, therefore, primary focus should be treatment at an early stage. Most of the marketed drugs are available as oral delivery dosage forms. The complications, as well as patient non-compliance, limit the use of oral therapy for prolonged drug delivery. Transdermal delivery systems seem to be a promising approach for the delivery of anti-osteoporotic active moieties. One of the confronting barriers is the passage of drugs through the SC layers followed by penetration to deeper dermal layers. The review focuses on how anti-osteoporotic drugs can be molded through different approaches so that they can be exploited for the skin to systemic delivery. Insights into the various challenges in transdermal delivery and how the novel delivery system can be used to overcome these have also been detailed.

scholarly journals Fast-Onset Diffuse Interstitial Lung Disease in Anti-MDA5 Antibodies-Associated Amyopathic Dermatomyositis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-240
Author(s):  
Houari Aissaoui ◽  
Kinan Drak Alsibai ◽  
Naji Khayath
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Immunosuppressive Treatment ◽  
Amyopathic Dermatomyositis ◽  
Pulmonary Manifestations ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Adequate Management ◽  
Chest Ct Scan

Anti-MDA5 antibodies-associated amyopathic dermatomyositisis a rare autoimmune disease that involve polyarthritis, cutaneous and pulmonary manifestations. The development of rapidly progressing interstitial lung disease is a life-threatening complication. We report the case of a 45-year-old woman without medical history, who was addressed to the Pulmonary Department for a polyarthritis with dry cough and hypoxemic dyspnea. Initially there was neither cutaneous manifestation nor interstitial lung disease on chest CT scan. After a few days, the patient developed fatal acute respiratory failure with diffuse ground glass opacities. Identification of anti-MDA5 antibodies allowed establishing diagnosis, despite the fact that the first immunological assessment was negative. Corticosteroid bolus of 1 g for three days and immunosuppressive treatment by cyclophosphamide was only initiated at the acute respiratory distress syndrome stage. Given the rapidly unfavorable prognosis of this entity of amyopathic dermatomyositis, the testing for anti-MDA5 antibodies should be recommended in case of progressive pulmonary symptoms associated with joint signs in order to identify this disease at an early stage and to begin rapid and adequate management.

scholarly journals Methodology for the Concept Design of Locally Reinforced Composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 7246
Author(s):  
Julius Moritz Berges ◽  
Georg Jacobs ◽  
Sebastian Stein ◽  
Jonathan Sprehe
Keyword(s):  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Parameter Study ◽  
Great Effort ◽  
Concept Design ◽  
Cost Weight ◽  
Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Plastics ◽  
The Cost

Locally load-optimized fiber-based composites, the so-called tailored textiles (TT), offer the potential to reduce weight and cost compared to conventional fiber-reinforced plastics (FRP). However, the design of TT has a higher complexity compared to FRP. Current approaches, focusing on solving this complexity for multiple objectives (cost, weight, stiffness), require great effort and calculation time, which makes them unsuitable for serial applications. Therefore, in this paper, an approach for the efficient creation of simplified TT concept designs is presented. By combining simplified models for structural design and cost estimation, the most promising concepts, regarding the cost, weight, and stiffness of TT parts, can be identified. By performing a parameter study, the cost, weight, and stiffness optima of a sample part compared to a conventional FRP component can be determined. The cost and weight were reduced by 30% for the same stiffness. Applying this approach at an early stage of product development reduces the initial complexity of the subsequent detailed engineering design, e.g., by applying methods from the state of the art.

scholarly journals Grid Parity Analysis of China’s Centralized Photovoltaic Generation under Multiple Uncertainties

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1814
Author(s):  
Libo Zhang ◽  
Qian Du ◽  
Dequn Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Electricity Price ◽  
Grid Parity ◽  
Industry Environment ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Generation Costs ◽  
Time Price ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Installed Capacity

The cost of centralized photovoltaic (CPV) power generation has been decreasing rapidly in China. However, the achievement of grid parity is full of uncertainties due to changes in policies and the industry environment. In order to explore the time, price, and external conditions in which grid parity can be achieved, we create the improved grey GM (1, 1) model to estimate the installed capacity over the next 10 years, and apply a learning curve to predict the cost of CPV generation. In the analysis of grid parity, we compare the benchmark price of coal power and the price under the market-oriented mechanism with CPV. The results show that China’s CPV industry will enter the early stage of maturity from 2020 onwards; with the help of benchmark investment, the grid parity of CPV may be achieved in 2022 at the earliest and 2025 at the latest. After 2025, the photovoltaic electricity price will be generally lower than the coal electricity price under marketization. By 2030, CPV power generation costs will reach US $0.05/kWh, the accumulative installed capacity will exceed 370 GW, and the uncertainties will lead to a cumulative installed gap of nearly 100 GW.

scholarly journals Evaluation of StrepBSelectChromogenic Medium and the Fast-Track Diagnostics Group B Streptococcus (GBS) Real-Time PCR Assay Compared to Routine Culture for Detection of GBS during Antepartum Screening

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 2137-2142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deirdre L. Church ◽  
Heather Baxter ◽  
Tracie Lloyd ◽  
Oscar Larios ◽  
Daniel B. Gregson
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Fast Track ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Standard Culture ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Cost

ABSTRACTLife-threatening infection in neonates due to group BStreptococcus(GBS) is preventable by screening of near-term pregnant women and treatment at delivery. A total of 295 vaginal-rectal swabs were collected from women attending antepartum clinics in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. GBS colonization was detected by the standard culture method (Strep B Carrot Broth subcultured to blood agar with a neomycin disk) and compared to recovery with Strep Group B Broth (Dalynn Biologicals) subcultured to StrepBSelectchromogenic medium (CM; Bio-Rad Laboratories) and the Fast-Track Diagnostics GBS real-time PCR (quantitative PCR [qPCR]) assay (Phoenix Airmid Biomedical Corp.) performed with broth-enriched samples and the Abbottm2000sp/m2000rt system. A total of 62/295 (21%) women were colonized with GBS; 58 (19.7%) cases were detected by standard culture, while CM and qPCR each found 61 (20.7%) cases. The qPCR and CM were similar in performance, with sensitivities, specificities, and positive and negative predictive values of 98.4 and 98.4%, 99.6 and 99.6%, 98.4 and 98.4%, and 99.6 and 99.6%, respectively, compared to routine culture. Both qPCR and CM would allow more rapid reporting of routine GBS screening results than standard culture. Although the cost per test was similar for standard culture and CM, the routine use of qPCR would cost approximately four times as much as culture-based detection. Laboratories worldwide should consider implementing one of the newer methods for primary GBS testing, depending on the cost limitations of different health care jurisdictions.

scholarly journals Real-Time Train Wheel Condition Monitoring by Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 409048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuliang Wei ◽  
Qin Xin ◽  
W. H. Chung ◽  
Shun-yee Liu ◽  
Hwa-yaw Tam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Bragg Grating ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Condition Index ◽  
Bragg Grating ◽  
Time System ◽  
Real Time System ◽  
Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
The Cost

Wheel defects on trains, such as flat wheels and out-of-roundness, inevitably jeopardize the safety of railway operations. Regular visual inspection and checking by experienced workers are the commonly adopted practice to identify wheel defects. However, the defects may not be spotted in time. Therefore, an automatic, remote-sensing, reliable, and accurate monitoring system for wheel condition is always desirable. The paper describes a real-time system to monitor wheel defects based on fiber Bragg grating sensors. Track strain response upon wheel-rail interaction is measured and processed to generate a condition index which directly reflects the wheel condition. This approach is verified by extensive field test, and the preliminary results show that this electromagnetic-immune system provides an effective alternative for wheel defects detection. The system significantly increases the efficiency of maintenance management and reduces the cost for defects detection, and more importantly, avoids derailment timely.

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