Perubahan Sistem Penghidupan Rumah Tangga Nelayan Di Kota Bengkulu

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-22
Author(s):  
Lesti Heriyanti
Keyword(s):  

Nelayan mengalami kehidupan yang serba kekurangan yang membuat nelayan melakukan berbagai proses penyesuaian untuk memperoleh kehidupan yang lebih baik, salah satu caranya dengan melakukan perubahan pekerjaan atau penghidupan. Pekerjaan yang dilakukannya berupa mengumpulkan batu bara. Perubahan pekerjaan nelayan berimplikasi terhadap perubahan pola relasi sosial, nilai-nilai sosial, gaya hidup dan modal sosial nelayan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui, mendeskripsikan, menjelaskan dan menganalisis mengenai perubahan yang terjadi dalam kehidupan nelayan akibat perubahan pekerjaan. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah metode kualitatif dan mempergunakan pendekatan studi kasus. Penentuan informan dilakukan secara bertujuan (purposive). Lokasi penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kelurahan Pasar Bengkulu Kecamatan Sungai Serut Kota Bengkulu Propinsi Bengkulu. Pengumpulan data adalah dengan mempergunakan teknik observasi dan wawancara. Informan adalah nelayan menjadi pemungut batubara di pantai Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan cara diklasifikasikan dan diinterprestasikan secara kualitatif dari awal hingga akhir penelitian. Tahap analisis data terdiri dari reduksi data, display data, pengambilan keputusan dan verifikasi. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa perubahan pekerjaan yang dilakukan nelayan berimplikasi terhadap perubahan pendapatan, perubahan pola relasi sosial, perubahan nilai-nilai sosial, perubahan gaya hidup dan perubahan modal sosial dalam kehidupan nelayan, secara lebih rinci diuraikan bahwa (a). nelayan yang menjadi pemungut batubara mengalami peningkatan pendapatan. (b) pola relasi sosial juga berubah terutama sifat hubungan kerja yang terjalin, semula bersifat akrab, penuh dan penuh kekeluargaan menjadi hubungan kerja yang bersifat kaku dan orientasinyanya bisnis semata. Bentuk hubungan kerja yang semula merupakan hubungan langsung atau face to face menjadi hubungan yang tidak langsung dan melibatkan pihak ketiga sebagai bagian dari proses interaksi yang berlangsung, hubungan saling membantu dalam kehidupan nelayan juga berubah (c) pandangan nelayan tentang nilai yang memandang tinggi mengenai nilai budaya ikan sejerek, bereh secupak, madar (mendapatkan ikan sekilo dan beras satu setengah kilo, terus bisa bersantai) menjadi berubah, keberadaan istri dan anak dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan keluarga juga mengalami perubahan, perubahan juga terjadi terhadap pandangan nelayan mengenai nilai uang dalam kehidupan mereka. (d) Perubahan gaya hidup yang dijalani nelayan dari sederhana ke konsumtif. (e) Perubahan lainnya yang terjadi dalam kehidupan nelayan yang menjadi pemungut batubara yaitu perubahan modal sosial dalam kehidupan mereka. Komponen trust, jejaring dan norma mengalami perubahan dalam masyarakat nelayan akibat perubahan pekerjaan yang dilakukannya.

Author(s):  
Zainul Arifin ◽  
Suci Ramadhanti Febriani ◽  
Hendri Yahya Saputra ◽  
Anasruddin Anasruddin

One alternative to learning Arabic in the digital era is through online learning using digital technology. The process of learning Arabic in Indonesia has developed rapidly in recent times. The transition from face-to-face to online classes requires adjustments in the learning approach. This research used literature review method. Sources of data were books, articles, and other relevant sources. Data were analyzed through data collection procedures, data grouping, data display, and drawing conclusion. The validity of the data was tested through source and technical triangulation. The result of the study indicated that there are three appropriate approaches for learning Arabic online in this digital era, namely the contextual approach, constructivism approach, and behaviorism approach. The choice of approach should meet the students’ needs and learning conditions. Each approach could be implemented through a variety of methods and techniques. The integration of these three approaches in learning Arabic online provides broad opportunities for students to study independently and develop language skills aspects through various available digital media platforms.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-190
Author(s):  
Ahmad Salim ◽  
Ibnu Ubay Dillah ◽  
Ika Tri Susilowati

The COVID-19 affects all aspects of life, including Islamic boarding schools or pesantren. These institutions are having difficulty conducting online learning activities because they are not familiar with this method. This study aims to reveal Islamic boarding schools’ response toward the impact of COVID-19 in maintaining pesantren values at Pesantren Miftahul Ulum, Subang, West Java. The study utilized the descriptive qualitative method. The respondents of this study were teachers (ustadz), students (santri), and leaders (kyai). The data were collected through observation, interviews, documentation, and online searching.  The triangulation was employed as the data validity technique, and the data analysis technique used data reduction, data display, data verification, and conclusion. The result showed that pesantren responses in maintaining the pesantren values due to the impact of COVID-19 such as limiting the learning time in class, limiting the santri’s capacity per classroom, and limiting ustadz interaction with santri in the classroom. The learning process during the pandemic was carried out face-to-face and strictly adhered to the health protocol. The learning methods employed were sorogan, bandongan, and kempekan. Pesantren also internalizes morals to the students to guarantee the value.


2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Ginda Harahap

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan memahami konsep komunikasi pendidikan Islam dalam Al-Qur’an. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua pendekatan metodologis yaitu Tafsdir Tematik (Mawdu’i), dan pendekatan analisis semiotika. Bentuk penelitian adalah Library research (riset kepustakaan), karena itu data dikumpulkan dari literatur utama buku Tafsir dan buku–buku komunikasi, serta data sekunder dari buku pendukung. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kartu kutipan, kartu ikhtisar dan kartu ulasan untuk memudahkan pengkategorian data. Analisis data dilakukan dengan reduksi data, display data, dan veryfikasi. Hasil penelitian yang ditemukan, terminologi komunikasi dalam Al-Qur’an dalam bentuk teks (lafaz) dan Al-Bayan. Sementara itu bentuk komunikasi pendidikan Islam adalah komunikasi interpersonal face to face satu arah, dua arah dan banyak Qawlan arah. Materi-masteri komunikasi pendidikan semuanya didasarkan pada tauhid, pesan dirancang sesuai dengan perkembangan psikologis peserta didik, informasi disampaikan secara informatif dan persuasif, dan terakhir; guru tetap menjadi pusat/sentral  dalam komunikasi pendidikan Islam.


Webology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-165
Author(s):  
Herman Zaini ◽  
Afriant oni ◽  
Abdul Hadi ◽  
Fuaddilah Ali Sofyan ◽  
Fai sal ◽  
...  

The purpose of this study was to find alternative learning media used by teachers in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic. During this pandemic, teachers competed to find alternative media to fulfill their duties as instructors and educators. The research method used was a qualitative study with a survey as a data collection technique distributed via Google forms to 275 teachers of Islamic Education. The data analysis consisted of three stages, namely data reduction, data display, and drawing and verification of conclusions. This study concluded that the education system made adjustments due to Pandemic Covid-19, one of them was learning media where previously the system through face-to-face directly became online learning. To realize this learning, teachers used various platforms such as WhatsApp, YouTube, Email, Edmodo, and others.


1992 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Jerger
Keyword(s):  

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 132-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Zubow ◽  
Richard Hurtig

Children with Rett Syndrome (RS) are reported to use multiple modalities to communicate although their intentionality is often questioned (Bartolotta, Zipp, Simpkins, & Glazewski, 2011; Hetzroni & Rubin, 2006; Sigafoos et al., 2000; Sigafoos, Woodyatt, Tuckeer, Roberts-Pennell, & Pittendreigh, 2000). This paper will present results of a study analyzing the unconventional vocalizations of a child with RS. The primary research question addresses the ability of familiar and unfamiliar listeners to interpret unconventional vocalizations as “yes” or “no” responses. This paper will also address the acoustic analysis and perceptual judgments of these vocalizations. Pre-recorded isolated vocalizations of “yes” and “no” were presented to 5 listeners (mother, father, 1 unfamiliar, and 2 familiar clinicians) and the listeners were asked to rate the vocalizations as either “yes” or “no.” The ratings were compared to the original identification made by the child's mother during the face-to-face interaction from which the samples were drawn. Findings of this study suggest, in this case, the child's vocalizations were intentional and could be interpreted by familiar and unfamiliar listeners as either “yes” or “no” without contextual or visual cues. The results suggest that communication partners should be trained to attend to eye-gaze and vocalizations to ensure the child's intended choice is accurately understood.


2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tana Kröner ◽  
Kathrin Hansen ◽  
Regina Steil

Theoretischer Hintergrund: Chronische Alpträume stellen eine weit verbreitete Schlafstörung dar, welche einen hohen Leidensdruck hervorruft. Als besonders wirksam in der Behandlung gilt die Imagery Rehearsal Therapy (IRT). Selbsthilfeprogramme stellen hierbei eine effektive, ökonomische Behandlungsoption dar. Fragestellung: Die vorliegende Pilotstudie untersucht die Wirksamkeit einer neuen, IRT-basierten, angeleiteten Selbsthilfe. Methode: 10 Patienten mit chronischen Alpträumen wurden im Rahmen von 4 face-to-face-Sitzungen vor Intervention (T1) sowie 4 Wochen (T2) und 3 Monate (T3) danach hinsichtlich Alptraumhäufigkeit sowie verschiedener psychosozialer Parameter untersucht. Ergebnisse: Die Alptraumhäufigkeit reduzierte sich innerhalb von 4 Wochen signifikant (T1-T2; Effektstärke: 1,0). Dieser Effekt blieb über 3 Monate stabil (T1-T3; Effektstärke: 1,26). Zudem reduzierten sich signifikant Depressions-, Angst- und Anspannungsparameter sowie das Stresserleben. Schlussfolgerung: Das deutschsprachige Selbsthilfemanual könnte eine wirksame Behandlungsmöglichkeit zur Reduktion von Alpträumen darstellen.


Crisis ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Curran ◽  
Michael Fitzgerald ◽  
Vincent T Greene

There are few long-term follow-up studies of parasuicides incorporating face-to-face interviews. To date no study has evaluated the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity at long-term follow-up of parasuicides using diagnostic rating scales, nor has any study examined parental bonding issues in this population. We attempted a prospective follow-up of 85 parasuicide cases an average of 8½ years later. Psychiatric morbidity, social functioning, and recollections of the parenting style of their parents were assessed using the Clinical Interview Schedule, the Social Maladjustment Scale, and the Parental Bonding Instrument, respectively. Thirty-nine persons in total were interviewed, 19 of whom were well and 20 of whom had psychiatric morbidity. Five had died during the follow-up period, 3 by suicide. Migration, refusals, and untraceability were common. Parasuicide was associated with parental overprotection during childhood. Long-term outcome is poor, especially among those who engaged in repeated parasuicides.


2020 ◽  
Vol 228 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Burgard ◽  
Michael Bošnjak ◽  
Nadine Wedderhoff

Abstract. A meta-analysis was performed to determine whether response rates to online psychology surveys have decreased over time and the effect of specific design characteristics (contact mode, burden of participation, and incentives) on response rates. The meta-analysis is restricted to samples of adults with depression or general anxiety disorder. Time and study design effects are tested using mixed-effects meta-regressions as implemented in the metafor package in R. The mean response rate of the 20 studies fulfilling our meta-analytic inclusion criteria is approximately 43%. Response rates are lower in more recently conducted surveys and in surveys employing longer questionnaires. Furthermore, we found that personal invitations, for example, via telephone or face-to-face contacts, yielded higher response rates compared to e-mail invitations. As predicted by sensitivity reinforcement theory, no effect of incentives on survey participation in this specific group (scoring high on neuroticism) could be observed.


Methodology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim Gerich ◽  
Roland Lehner

Although ego-centered network data provide information that is limited in various ways as compared with full network data, an ego-centered design can be used without the need for a priori and researcher-defined network borders. Moreover, ego-centered network data can be obtained with traditional survey methods. However, due to the dynamic structure of the questionnaires involved, a great effort is required on the part of either respondents (with self-administration) or interviewers (with face-to-face interviews). As an alternative, we will show the advantages of using CASI (computer-assisted self-administered interview) methods for the collection of ego-centered network data as applied in a study on the role of social networks in substance use among college students.


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