SIMPLIFYING SHARF MATERIALS (EXPERIMENTAL STUDY AT AT-TAQWA ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL, SUKABUMI, WEST JAVA) / تبسيط الـمواد الصرفية (دراسة تـجريبية في معهد التقوى الإسلامي سوكابومي جاوى الغربية)

This study aims to reveal the need for simplification of Sharf materials for Arabic language learners, what can be simplified, and to test the effectiveness of using simple Sharf materials on the success of Sharf learning. This research used mixed method by combining qualitative and quantitative method to collect the data in order to produce more comprehensive facts and researcher had a freedom to use all data collection tools to get all required data. The findings explained that the simplification of Sharf materials is an effort to facilitate the learning of Arabic language, so that the process of teaching and learning Sharf is easier and could be done in a relatively short time. The materials simplification focused on simplifying classical wazn sharf by only presenting functional wazn-wazn which is widely used in Arabic, namely 31 chapters of wazn fi’il is simplified into 14 chapters, as well as simplifying binyah kalimat from 11 patterns to 5 patterns. The simplification is present as a solution to the difficulty of learning sharf. The result of pretest and posttest showed a significant difference between the experimental and control class, as the result of the gain test, 0.35 for experimental class and 0.14 for control class, which means that the effectiveness level of experimental class is higher than control class.

SEMANTIC DEVELOPMENT IN ARABIC LANGUAGE (AN ANALYTICAL STUDY ON DIWAN ABI TAMMAM) / التطور الدلالي فى اللغة العربية (دراسة تحليلية عن ديوان أبي تمام)

This study aims to determine the development of Arabic semantics in Diwan Abi Tammam book. Abu Tammam is a modern Arabic poet. He has poetry books which have been printed several times and all of his poetry is collected in a book that is known as Diwan Abi Tammam. This research is limited to the types of semantic development. The method used was content analysis. This study begins with an analysis of semantic development in Arabic and then its application in the Diwan Abi Tammam book. The results of this study indicate that the types of semantic development in Diwan Abi Tammam are grammatical and phonemic semantics. The grammatical semantic elements include the meaning of a sentence based on the elements of imagination, aesthetics, stylistic and rhetoric. Whereas, the semantic phonemic elements include the meaning of characteristics of several composed sounds and these sounds have a meaning role in a word such as the differences in the use of halqi, ra’, and sin, and their influence on the meaning of the target object.

MEASURING EFFECTIVENESS OF ARABIC INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA IN ARABIC SENIOR HIGH SCHOOLS IN BRUNEI DARUSSALAM: A STUDY AT GRADE ELEVEN / اكتشاف فعالية الوسائل التعليمية لتعليم اللغة العربية في المداس الثانوية العربية في بروناي دار السلام: الصف الحادي عشر نموذجا

This study aims to measure the effectiveness of Arabic instructional media used in eleventh grade of Arabic senior high schools in Brunei Darussalam. This study was quantitative and evaluative study. The researchers distributed questionnaires to all Arabic teachers who teach grade eleven students in the schools. The data then were analyzed quantitatively and having evaluative analysis. Based on data analysis, it was found that the instructional media used to teach Arabic language in grade eleven has advantages and disadvantages. The advantages are the availability of modern and various media (87.5%), most of the media are appropriate for the students’ age and cognitive level (87.5%), all media are interesting and helpful for Arabic language skills (100%), and most of the teachers often use the media (87.5%). While, the weaknesses are there is still few media that is not as modern as it is expected (12.5%) such as language laboratory, a few media is not appropriate for the students (12.5%), and there are still some teachers who do not use the media frequently (12.5%).

THE EFFECT OF WESTERN PHILOSOPHICAL REALISM (AL-MAŻHAB AL-WĀQI’Ī) TOWARD MODERN ARABIC LITERATURE / PENGARUH ALIRAN REALISME (AL-MAŻHAB AL-WĀQI’Ī) BARAT TERHADAP SASTRA ARAB MODERN

This study aims to find out the intricacies of philosophical realism (al-Mażhab al-Wāqi’ī) and its influence on modern Arabic literature. It is undeniable that literary genre that grew up in the west have had a great influence on the development of literature in the world, including Arabic. This research was a literature review that used a qualitative descriptive method by examining and reviewing several related literature. The result showed that realism emerged as a response to the romanticism philosophy which tends to the subjectivity of writers and the depiction of objects that are full of imagination. Furthermore, the western realism has also influenced modern Arabic literature, both poetry and prose. Realism made Arabic poets aware that love poems were no longer relevant to the reality of the people who were in the midst of crisis due to colonialism. Writers began to invigorate the principles of statehood, nationality, and humanity. However, the adoption of western realism, in some aspects, is contrary to Islamic values. This philosophy directs literature towards materialism, atheism, fulfillment of physical needs, and so on.

TEACHING NAHW AND SHARF BY USING WHATSAPP (A CASE SUDY AT “BISA” FOUNDATION IN DEPOK, WEST JAVA, INDONESIA) / تعليم النحو و الصرف عبر الواتسأب (دراسة حالية في مؤسسة "بيسا" الإسلامية ديبوك إندونيسيا)

This study aims to reveal the process of teaching nahw and sharf via Whatsapp at BISA Foundation, Depok. The researcher used qualitative method in a case study design. To collect the data, the researcher did observation, interviewed the leader, several supervisors and assistants, and distributed online questionnaire to students in nahw and sharf classes using google form. The result described that nahwu and sharf have been tought via Whatsapp since 2013 and was free. Nahw learning is carried for four months and sharf learning is for two months. The textbooks used are al-Nahw lil Mubtadi’in and al-Sharf lil Mubtadi’in. Learning materials are delivered in the forms of written texts, audio, and video. Lessons are held every day except Wednesdays. Teaching and learning is carried out in several activities namely explaining, discussing, and assigning. Students’ learning achievement is measured by giving weekly assignment and final examination. The advantages of teaching nahw and sharf using Whatsapp are that it is cheap and can be carried out everywhere easily. Whereas, the weaknesses are personal problems, the program itself, and technical aspect

STYLISTIC ANALYSIS OF SURAKH AL-QUBUR: A SHORT STORY BY KAHLIL GIBRAN / ANALISIS STILISTIKA CERPEN SURAKH AL-QUBUR KARYA KAHLIL GIBRAN

This study aims to reveal the stylistic used in a short story written by Kahlil Gibran entitled “Surakh al-Qubur” and also to describe the effect of it toward meaning. This is a descriptive qualitative research that used stylistic analysis to show the aesthetics side found in the short story. Based on data analysis, it was found that there are five categories of language styles in short story Surakh al-Qubur, they are: first, lexical (synonym and typical words); second, grammatical (verb and noun); third, rhetorical (alliteration, asyndeton, assonance, chiasmus, polysyndeton, and hyperbole) and figure of speech (metaphor, personification, simile, and eponym); fourth, cohesion and connectors such as al-wawu, al-fa’u, tsumma, au, and am; and fifth, character speech that can be analyzed using narration and dialogue. The influence of stylistic on meaning is that readers get the information directly or indirectly, feels sadness, gives advice, gets a picture of injustice, makes readers curious and more focused.

ARABIC LEARNING IN THE DIGITAL ERA: APPROACH IN ONLINE SYSTEM

One alternative to learning Arabic in the digital era is through online learning using digital technology. The process of learning Arabic in Indonesia has developed rapidly in recent times. The transition from face-to-face to online classes requires adjustments in the learning approach. This research used literature review method. Sources of data were books, articles, and other relevant sources. Data were analyzed through data collection procedures, data grouping, data display, and drawing conclusion. The validity of the data was tested through source and technical triangulation. The result of the study indicated that there are three appropriate approaches for learning Arabic online in this digital era, namely the contextual approach, constructivism approach, and behaviorism approach. The choice of approach should meet the students’ needs and learning conditions. Each approach could be implemented through a variety of methods and techniques. The integration of these three approaches in learning Arabic online provides broad opportunities for students to study independently and develop language skills aspects through various available digital media platforms.

نظام تعليم اللغة العربية عن بعد عبر الإنترنت في جائحة الوباء كوفيد-١٩ بالمدرسة المتوسطة الإسلامية الحكومة ١ بسوراكرتا

Online learning is a learning via internet without meeting face-to-face between teachers and students. This online learning system is relatively new, therefore teachers and students should adapt quickly. This study aims to determine the online Arabic learning system during the COVID-19 pandemic at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri (MTsN) 1 Surakarta. Researcher used a qualitative approach and observation, interview, and documentation as data collection techniques. The results described that e-learning madrasah was used as the main media for online Arabic learning at MTsN 1 Surakarta during the covid-19 pandemic, then assisted by Whatsapp and Youtube channel. The subject matter was presented in video, powerpoint, and pdf. The learning stages were divided into three: preparation, implementation (pre-activities, whilst-activities and post-activities), and evaluation stage. This online learning helps teachers to coordinate with and supervise students easily, on the other hand, it is difficult for them to monitor the students’ understanding and bad internet network make some students could not follow the learning process in time.

PENGEMBANGAN MATERI AJAR BAHASA ARAB BERBASIS BIOLOGI UNTUK PERGURUAN TINGGI

This study aims to produce valid, practical, and effective biology-based Arabic teaching materials for college students. The teaching materials are designed to support the Arabic language learning, especially for Biology Department, based on students’ needs and to increase their motivation in learning Arabic. This study used a development research approach with the Instructional Development Institute (IDI) model which consisted of three stages, namely front-end analysis, prototype, and assessment stage. The product was Arabic teaching materials with several characteristics. First, adjusting the content of teaching materials with topics in the field of biology. Second, the teaching materials are presented in a text, images that are relevant to the text, vocabulary, comprehending questions, relevant Qur'anic arguments, and sentence structures in a chart. Third, the language and content are adapted to the heterogeneous abilities of students. Based on data analysis, it was found that the biology-based Arabic teaching materials were valid, could increase students’ interest in learning Arabic, and made learning process become more effective. Therefore, this teaching materials could be used as an alternative instructional material for Arabic learning in colleges.

KARAKTERISTIK LAGU-LAGU KEBANGSAAN ARAB: ANALISIS FONOLOGI

This study aims to determine the phonetic characteristics of the Arabic national anthems. The object of this research is the national anthems of three countries, namely Saudi Arabia, Egypt, and Morocco. This research used a linguistic-phonetic approach. Data analysis used quantitative descriptive analysis. The results described that there were differences in vowel and consonant characteristics between the national anthems of Saudi Arabia, Egypt, and Morocco. Based on the number, the comparison in the national anthems of Saudi Arabia, Egypt, and Morocco was 84:156:142 for vowels, 15:44:19 for semi-vowels, and 82:161:110 for consonants. The Egyptian national anthem used long vowels (31.4%) more dominantly than the national anthems of Saudi Arabia and Morocco, while the Saudi Arabian national anthem used more thick (6%) and semi-thick (6%) vowels compared to Egyptian and Moroccan national anthems. For the consonant level, the three national anthems were dominated by alveodental consonants, the letters that come from the tip of the tongue, namely 39% for the Saudi Arabian, 34.2% for the Egyptian, and 36.4% for the Moroccan national anthems.