scholarly journals COVID-19 Cardiac Manifestations and Scent Perception Genes in Hearts of SARS-Cov-2 Infected Patients: A Meta-Analysis of Gene Expression Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. e2250
Author(s):  
Davoud Roostaei ◽  
Mojtaba Sohrabpour ◽  
Mohammad Sadegh Sanie Jahromi ◽  
Majid Vatankhah ◽  
Aghdas Shadmehr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Genes Expression ◽  
Cardiac Manifestations ◽  
And Control ◽  
Upregulated Genes ◽  
Gene Expression Levels

Background: COVID-19 induced cardiac events are reported by a large number of papers; while psychophysiology of association of the COVID-19 and cardiac attacks are not fully understood yet. Materials and Methods: Here we compared gene expression levels of heart autopsies of SARS-Cov-2 infected patients with the cardiac organoid model of human myocardial infarction and control healthy cardiac organoids to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Gene Ontology (GO) biological processes were enriched in DEGs. Results: Results showed that smell perception genes were down-regulated in SARS-COV2 in comparison to myocardial infarction samples; while showing upregulated genes related to the immune system process in comparison to control healthy heart organoids. Our results are in agreement with theories of immune system reactions in COVID-19 infected patients’ hearts; while our analysis indicates different patterns of heart genes expression from myocardial infarction models. Conclusion: our study suggests that there may be different pathways involved in MI appearance in COVID-19 patients rather than classic known atherosclerotic and inflammatory pathways.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Expression and Alternative Splicing in Domesticated Sunflowers (Helianthus annuus L.) under Flooding Stress

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Joon Seon Lee ◽  
Lexuan Gao ◽  
Laura Melissa Guzman ◽  
Loren H. Rieseberg
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Alcohol Fermentation ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Flooding Stress ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
And Control ◽  
Gene Expression Levels

Approximately 10% of agricultural land is subject to periodic flooding, which reduces the growth, survivorship, and yield of most crops, reinforcing the need to understand and enhance flooding resistance in our crops. Here, we generated RNA-Seq data from leaf and root tissue of domesticated sunflower to explore differences in gene expression and alternative splicing (AS) between a resistant and susceptible cultivar under both flooding and control conditions and at three time points. Using a combination of mixed model and gene co-expression analyses, we were able to separate general responses of sunflower to flooding stress from those that contribute to the greater tolerance of the resistant line. Both cultivars responded to flooding stress by upregulating expression levels of known submergence responsive genes, such as alcohol dehydrogenases, and slowing metabolism-related activities. Differential AS reinforced expression differences, with reduced AS frequencies typically observed for genes with upregulated expression. Significant differences were found between the genotypes, including earlier and stronger upregulation of the alcohol fermentation pathway and a more rapid return to pre-flooding gene expression levels in the resistant genotype. Our results show how changes in the timing of gene expression following both the induction of flooding and release from flooding stress contribute to increased flooding tolerance.

Suppressed Immune-Related Profile Rescues Abortion-Prone Fetuses: A Novel Insight Into the CBA/J × DBA/2J Mouse Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1485-1492
Author(s):  
Xiaochun Yi ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Huixiang Liu ◽  
Tianxia Yi ◽  
Yuhua Ou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Poor Treatment ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Poor Treatment Outcome ◽  
Immune Related Genes ◽  
And Control ◽  
Upregulated Genes ◽  
Tgf Β1

The adverse clinical result and poor treatment outcome in recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) make it necessary to understand the pathogenic mechanism. The mating combination CBA/J × DBA/2 has been widely used as an abortion-prone model compared to DBA/2-mated CBA/J mice. Here, we used RNA-seq to get a comprehensive catalogue of genes differentially expressed between survival placenta in abortion-prone model and control. Five hundred twenty-four differentially expressed genes were obtained followed by clustering analysis, Gene Ontology analysis, and pathway analysis. We paid more attention to immune-related genes namely “immune response” and “immune system process” including 33 downregulated genes and 28 upregulated genes. Twenty-one genes contribute to suppressing immune system and 7 are against it. Six genes were validated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, namely Ccr1l1, Tlr4, Tgf-β1, Tyro3, Gzmb, and Il-1β. Furthermore, Tlr4, Tgf-β1, and Il-1β were analyzed by Western blot. Such immune profile gives us a better understanding of the complicated immune processing in RSA and immunosuppression can rescue pregnancy loss.

P276 A meta-analysis on the association of febuxostat compared to allopurinol on blood pressure and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) among adult patients with hyperuricemia

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Barrientos ◽  
R A Macabeo ◽  
R A Ragasa
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Lowering Therapy ◽  
Adverse Cardiac Events ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Abstract Background Increased uric acid levels have been known to be associated with different cardiovascular and renal diseases.  Over the last few years, several studies have examined the role of urate-lowering therapy (ULT) in hypertension and Major Adverse Cardiac Events (MACE) and results are pointing to a potential role of elevated serum uric acid as an emerging independent cardiovascular risk factor. Objective  To determine if urate-lowering therapy (Febuxostat vs Allopurinol) has an association on blood pressure and MACE among adult patients with hyperuricemia. Methodology Randomized controlled trials with outcomes of blood pressure, all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, and stroke were searched through PubMed and Cochrane database. Results Pooled analysis of studies on hyperuricemic patients showed that Febuxostat 40 mg has no significant difference compared with Allopurinol 100/300mg with respect to lowering diastolic (MD -0.56 with 95% CI of -4.28 to 3.15) and systolic blood pressure (MD -0.72 with 95% CI of -4.87 to 6.31).  No significant differences were also noted on all-cause mortality (OR 1.21 with 95% CI of 0.35 to 4.12) and myocardial infarction (MI) (OR 1.38 with 95% CI of 0.19 to 9.94). Outcomes on non-fatal stroke were only reported by Becker, et. al (2010) with only 2 events reported in the Febuxostat 80 mg group (0.26%) and no event in the Allopurinol group (CI= 0.082 to 1.155). Conclusion The results of this meta-analysis showed that urate-lowering therapy (Febuxostat vs Allopurinol) has no significant association on blood pressure among adult patients with hyperuricemia.  No significant association was also found with respect to all-cause mortality and MI. Outcomes on stroke were inconclusive since only one study reported on its events.

Meta-analysis and systematic review of the cardiotoxicity of TAS-102.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e16053-e16053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Alberto Lopez ◽  
Elham Azimi-Nekoo ◽  
Su Yun Chung ◽  
James Newman ◽  
Janice Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Phase Ii Studies ◽  
Increased Risk

e16053 Background: Fluoropyrimidines such as 5-FU and capecitabine are known to be cardiotoxic drugs. TAS-102 (trifluridine-tipiracil) is a novel oral fluoropyrimidine that was recently FDA approved to treat gastric and colon cancer. However, the incidence of cardiac related events of TAS-102 is not fully ascertained. We performed a meta-analysis and systematic review to determine the incidence of cardiotoxic events associated with TAS-102. Methods: We performed a literature search through PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science to identify any publications in any language up to December 31st, 2019 where TAS-102 (and equivalent terms such as “trifluridine-tipiracil” and “Lonsurf”) was used. These were then manually reviewed to identify any publications reporting cardiac events. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included for meta-analysis to determine the incidence of cardiotoxic events, which were summarized as pooled odds ratios (OR) when compared to placebo. Non-randomized, non-controlled clinical trials (phase I and phase II studies) were included in the systematic review but excluded from the pooled OR calculation. Results: 869 publications were identified in the initial literature search, of which 17 trials (3 Phase III studies, 6 Phase II studies, and 8 phase I studies) met inclusion criteria. A total of 1,877 patients among 4 RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with placebo, TAS-102 did not increase the risk of myocardial infarction (OR 1.97 95% CI [0.22-17.89]), hypertension (OR 0.73 95% CI [0.37, 1.44]), palpitations (OR 1.51 95% CI [0.30, 7.56]), cardio-pulmonary arrest (OR 0.83 95% CI [0.11-6.32]), or syncope (OR 1.50 95% CI [0.06-37.14]). Among the 1,252 patients receiving TAS-102, the overall incidence of cardiovascular events was low, with hypertension being the most common side effect (21 events), followed by palpitations (6 events), cardiopulmonary arrest (2 events), and myocardial infarction (3 events), though there was no statistically significant increased risk compared to placebo. No deaths were reported. Conclusions: Unlike other fluoropyrimidines, TAS-102 appears to be a cardiogentle drug, with no increased risk of cardiac events compared to placebo. Since fluoropyrimidines remain the backbone of treatment for gastrointestinal malignancies, TAS-102 can offer an alternative to patients who developed cardiotoxicities from other agents. Prospective studies with consideration of cardiac risk factors are required.

scholarly journals HOXB9 Expression Correlates with Histological Grade and Prognosis in LSCC

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuanhui Sun ◽  
Changsong Han ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
Yinji Jin ◽  
Yanan Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Hox Genes ◽  
Histological Grade ◽  
Clinicopathological Features ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Hox Gene ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Upregulated Genes ◽  
Gene Expression Levels

The purpose of this study was to investigate the HOX gene expression profile in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and assess whether some genes are associated with the clinicopathological features and prognosis in LSCC patients. The HOX gene levels were tested by microarray and validated by qRT-PCR in paired cancerous and adjacent noncancerous LSCC tissue samples. The microarray testing data of 39 HOX genes revealed 15 HOX genes that were at least 2-fold upregulated and 2 that were downregulated. After qRT-PCR evaluation, the three most upregulated genes (HOXB9, HOXB13, and HOXD13) were selected for tissue microarray (TMA) analysis. The correlations between the HOXB9, HOXB13, and HOXD13 expression levels and both clinicopathological features and prognosis were analyzed. Three HOX gene expression levels were markedly increased in LSCC tissues compared with adjacent noncancerous tissues (P<0.001). HOXB9 was found to correlate with histological grade (P<0.01) and prognosis (P<0.01) in LSCC. In conclusion, this study revealed that HOXB9, HOXB13, and HOXD13 were upregulated and may play important roles in LSCC. Moreover, HOXB9 may serve as a novel marker of poor prognosis and a potential therapeutic target in LSCC patients.

scholarly journals Influences of Serotonin Hydrochloride on Adiponectin, Ghrelin and KiSS1 Genes Expression

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fariba Mahmoudi ◽  
Khadijeh Haghighat Gollo
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Method ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Serum Lh ◽  
Genes Expression ◽  
Lh Release ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Gene Expression Levels

Background: Serotonin and kisspeptin stimulates gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) release while ghrelin and adiponectin inhibit them. In the present experimental study, the effects of central injection of serotonin were investigated on LH concentration, KiSS1, adiponectin, and ghrelin genes expression. Materials and Methods: Fifteen Wistar male rats in three groups received saline or serotonin hydrochloride via the third cerebral ventricle. Blood samples were collected via the tail vein. Serum LH concentration and relative gene expression were evaluated by radioimmunoassay and real-time polymerase chain reaction method, respectively. Results: Serotonin significantly increased the mean serum LH concentration and  KiSS1 gene expression levels compared to the saline group. Serotonin significantly decreased the mean ghrelin and adiponectin genes expression levels compared to the saline group. Conclusion: The serotonergic pathway may have stimulatory effects on hypothalamic kisspeptin synthesis, partly via inhibiting hypothalamic ghrelin and adiponectin neural activity.[GMJ.2020;9:e1767]

scholarly journals Aspirin withdrawal in high risk cardiac patients before the operation of total colectomy with resection of ileum: Case report

2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tjasa Ivosevic ◽  
Nevena Kalezic ◽  
Svetlana Barovic ◽  
Ivan Palibrk ◽  
Vesna Karapandzic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Total Colectomy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Perioperative Period ◽  
Bleeding Risk ◽  
Bleeding Complications ◽  
Cardiac Complications ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Perioperative Bleeding

Coronary artery disease is one of the risk factors for myocardial infarction and it is present in 40% of patients who are undergoing noncardiac surgery. Despite evidence of the benefit of the antiplatelet therapy in patients at risk of cardiac complications, aspirin treatment is often discontinued before surgery due to the risk of perioperative bleeding. In many studies and meta-analysis it is shown that aspirin withdrawal in perioperative period was associated with three-fold higher risk of major adverse cardiac events. Perioperative continuation of aspirin increase the rate of bleeding by 1.5, but it doesn?t increase the level of the severity of bleeding complications. In perioperative periode aspirin is discontinued only if it is estimated that the bleeding risk is higher than the risk of thrombosis. In the paper authors present a case report of patient who developed a perioperative myocardial infarction as a consequence of aspirin withdrawal before total colectomy.

Identification of New Upregulated Genes with Possible Relevance for Multiple Myeloma Tumorigenesis

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 2707-2707
Author(s):  
Roberta Spetic Felix ◽  
Gisele W. B. Colleoni ◽  
Otavia L. Caballero ◽  
Manuella Sampaio Almeida ◽  
Valeria C.C. Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Transcript Abundance ◽  
New Genes ◽  
Normal Plasma ◽  
Upregulated Genes

Abstract Serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) allows a comprehensive profiling of gene expression within a given tissue and also an assessment of transcript abundance. Objectives: We generated SAGE libraries from normal and neoplastic plasma cells to identify genes differentially expressed in multiple myeloma (MM). Material and Methods: Normal plasma cells were obtained from palatine tonsils and MM SAGE library was generated from bone marrow plasma cells of MM patients. Results: We obtained 29,918 SAGE tags from normal and 10,340 tags from tumor libraries. Computer-generated genomic analysis identified 46 upregulated genes in the MM library. Ten upregulated genes were selected for further investigation. Differential expression was validated by quantitative real-time PCR in purified plasma cells of 31 patients and three controls. P53CSV, DDX5, MAPKAPK2, RANBP2 were found to be upregulated in at least 50% of the MM cases tested. All of them were also found upregulated in MM when compared to normal plasma cells in a meta-analysis using ONCOMINE microarray database. Antibodies specific to DDX5, RANBP2 and MAPKAPK2 were used in a TMA containing 57 MM cases and confirmed the expression of these proteins in 74, 96, and 21% of the MM samples, respectively. Conclusions: Analysis of differential expression using SAGE could identify new genes important for myeloma tumorigenesis (P53CSV, DDX5, MAPKPK2 and RANBP2) and that could potentially be useful as therapeutic targets.

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