scholarly journals Impediments in the Disbursement of Micro-Credit Among Small Farmers: A Case Study of Dir(L) Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol IV (III) ◽  
pp. 398-404
Author(s):  
Ihsan Ulla khan
Keyword(s):  
Government Support ◽  
Small Farmers ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Financing Cost ◽  
Bank Staff ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Micro Credit

This article entitled, “Impediments in the Disbursement of Micro-Credit among Small Farmers (a case study of lower Dir Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan)” aimed to highlights the hindrances confronted to small farmers in micro-credit for agriculture production. The majority of the farmers are poor because of low agricultural production and income. The farmers are unable to increase the production of agriculture without the help of government support. The sample size of 152 respondents was selected according to the criterion design be Sakaran. The association between independent and dependent variables were analysed through the Chi-Square Test. The study inferred that high-financing cost; absence of access to miniaturized scale credit, inflexible standards, demeanour of the bank staff and lack of education were a portion of the preventions in the dispensing of micro-credit. Based on discoveries in the investigation, this was recommended that the administration should show a drive to give the smaller scale credit to little scope ranchers.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Risk Factors Associated with Methamphetamine/ICE use in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol VI (I) ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
Sameer Ul Khaliq Jan ◽  
Hamid Alam ◽  
Ayub Khan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Exam Preparation ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Causative Factors ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Chi Square Test

The present study aims to analyze the causative factors which are responsible for the use of a stimulant drug methamphetamine which is commonly known as ice. For this purpose, data were collected from the two districts, i.e. Peshawar and Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A conceptual framework consists of Independent variable (ice use frequency) and dependent variables (risk factors). Data was collected through a structured questionnaire from a sample of 180 ice users by a snowball sampling technique. A Chi-square test was applied to examine the association between independent and dependent variables. The results reveal that a significant (p=0.05) association was found between various risk factors, i.e. easy availability, friends insistence, try out new experiences/curiosity, and use of ice for exam preparation with frequent use of ice. The study recommends that awareness may be created through educational, religious institution and media for the prevention and rehabilitation of ice addiction.

General Elections 2013: A Case Study of Low Turnout of Women Voters in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-140
Author(s):  
Hassan Shah ◽  
Syed Wasif Azim ◽  
Wajid Mehmood ◽  
Seema Zubair
Keyword(s):  
Primary Concern ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Cultural Barrier ◽  
Statistical Inferences ◽  
Data Survey ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
General Elections ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province

The Constitution of 1973 offers direct elections under adult franchise in Pakistan. However, it is unfortunate that in every election of Pakistan, the ratio of female voters’ turnout remained low. This research is an attempt to discuss the potential causes of low female voters' turnout in the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The study is based on quantitative data survey from six randomly selected districts from sub-geographical areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province in Pakistan including the districts of Lakki Marwat (Far South), Karak (South), Charsadda (Centre), Mardan (Centre), Lower Dir (North) and Chitral (Far North).The study utilizes Chi-square test for statistical inferences of dependent and independent variables. The research argues that the factors responsible for low turnout of women in these districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa can be categorized as administrative, cultural, political, and religious. The primary concern of respondents’ administrative obstacles were followed by cultural barrier and then by religious factors. Moreover, gender, the locality (district) and education of respondents cannot be ignored as they are key parameters as well.

scholarly journals Academic Performance of Students in Mathematics and English: A Case Study of District Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

2018 ◽  
Vol III (IV) ◽  
pp. 356-366
Author(s):  
Dost Muhammad Khan ◽  
Amjad Ali ◽  
Inayat Ullah Alamgir
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Board Examination ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Significant Factors

The present study investigates the major factors associated with academic performance of students in Mathematics and English. The data are collected from matric level students who have passed the 9th class examination in the area of District Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan through questionnaire. The performance in these two subjects is measured through scores of students in 9th class board examination in these subjects. Significant factors in the performance in these subjects are measured through Chi-square test of association. The analysis conclude that the factors area, accommodation, daily study hour, parent’s education and parent’s concept of Mathematics and English were found to be significantly associated with the performance in these two subjects.

scholarly journals Do Camels (Camelus dromedarius) Need Shaded Areas? A Case Study of the Camel Market in Doha

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 480
Author(s):  
Martina Zappaterra ◽  
Laura Menchetti ◽  
Leonardo Nanni Costa ◽  
Barbara Padalino
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Variable Space ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Sun And Shade ◽  
Poor Welfare ◽  
Group 1

This study aimed at documenting whether dromedary camels have a preference for shade and how their behavior would change depending on the presence of shade and variable space allowance. A total of 421 animals kept in 76 pens (66 with shelter (Group 1), and 10 without shelter (Group 2)) at the camel market in Doha (Qatar) were recorded for 1 min around 11:00 a.m. when the temperature was above 40 °C. The number of animals in the sun and shade and their behaviors were analyzed using an ad libitum sampling method and an ad hoc ethogram. The results of a chi-square test indicated that camels in Group 1 had a clear preference for shade (p < 0.001). The majority of Group 1 camels were indeed observed in the shade (312/421; 74.11%). These camels spent more time in recumbency and ruminating, while standing, walking, and self-grooming were more commonly expressed by the camels in the sun (p < 0.001). Moreover, locomotory stereotypic behaviors (i.e., pacing) increased as space allowance decreased (p = 0.002). Based on the findings of this pilot study, camels demonstrated a preference for shade; shade seemed to promote positive welfare, while overcrowding seemed to trigger stereotypy and poor welfare. Overall, our preliminary results are novel and provide evidence that shaded areas are of paramount importance for camel welfare. Further research, involving designed studies at multiple locations is needed to confirm these results.

Correlation between Listening Anxiety and Listening Strategies of Chinese Postgraduate Students of Science and Engineering: A Case Study at SUES

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengli Wang
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
First Year ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Listening Anxiety ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Listening Proficiency ◽  
Listening Strategies

<p>English listening is one of the five basic skills such as listening, speaking, reading, writing and translation that a Chinese postgraduate should acquire, and it is also the most significant one. In this study, 194 first-year postgraduate students at Shanghai University of Engineering Science were invited to report their strategies use and listening anxiety in the questionnaire with the 5-Likert Indirect Foreign Language Listening Strategies Scale and the 5-Likert Foreign Language Listening Anxiety Scale. The SPSS13.0 was used to analyze the descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, Chi-square test and One-way ANOVA, which indicated a medium listening anxiety and a medium level of strategies use. Metacognitive strategies were more frequently used than social and affective strategies, the correlation between listening proficiency and listening anxiety was significantly negative, correlation between listening proficiency and indirect listening strategies was significantly positive, and that between indirect listening strategies and listening anxiety was significantly negative. Indirect listening strategies were useful to allay listening anxiety and would be incorporated into our normal classroom teaching.</p>

scholarly journals A Sociological Analysis of Combined Jail Life of Juvenile and Adult Prisoners in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ihsan Khan ◽  
Ashfaq Rehman ◽  
Niaz Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Offending Behaviour ◽  
Joint Dwelling

This study examines the outcomes of frequent relations between juvenile and adult prisoners at the populous prisons of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan in districts Mansehra, Dera Ismail Khan, Peshawar, Swabi and Mardan. According to SPARC (2015), there were total of 199 juvenile prisoners out of them 132 were taken as a sample size through Sekaran (2010) sample size table. The primary data was collected through interview schedule, with major aim to see association of joint dwelling of adult prisoners and juvenile inmates in the selected prisons. For measuring the association between adult and juvenile inmates, a Chi-square test was applied by using Microsoft Excel. It was found that there exist a strong association of adult with juvenile inmates; which resulted in reinforcing the delinquent behaviour of juvenile by supporting them financially, providing them with various kinds of drugs and persuading them to join their networks after they were released. Such situation was directly contradictory to the well-being of juvenile inmates at jails, where they were supposed to rehabilitate their offending behaviour. The study recommends establishment of separate jails for juvenile inmates, being inclusive part of the JJSO-2000.

scholarly journals Identifying Problems and Prospects of Media Professionals Working in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: A Case Study of Peshawar Based Journalists

2021 ◽  
Vol Volume 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 255-270
Author(s):  
Abdur Rauf ◽  
Saqib Riaz ◽  
Ghulam Safdar
Keyword(s):  
Job Insecurity ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Job Security ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Professional Performance ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Professionals ◽  
Job Category

The study conducted to find out problems related to journalist’s career as well as to search out the media professionals view point regarding journalists’ problems in Peshawar. Data collected from the Peshawar press club journalists comprises 363 members. It is found that 86% of the respondents consider permanent job category is related to good performance while 89% of the respondents termed job insecurity do affect journalists’ professional performance. The chi-square results showed that proportion of male views is not significantly different from female regarding the job performance. Both of the genders believe that if the job will secure the performance would be fruitful. The results specified no significant association between status and job security because a significant proportion of married views is significantly different from unmarried regarding the job security. The Chi-square test for independence showed there is no significant association between status and administrative rules. Study concluded that media professionals are facing problems due to job security, administrative and financial problems.

scholarly journals How Organizational and Trainee Characteristics Influence the Training Program of Employees in Djibouti Port

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9S2) ◽  
pp. 269-277
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Training And Development ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Level Of Training

The present paper aims to examine how the organizational and trainee characteristics influence the effectiveness of a training program in Djibouti Port. To prove this, quantitative analysis was carried out with the help of a questionnaire. The survey was given to port employees and gets their opinion about the effectiveness of the training program in their port. The survey was framed from the perspective of independent and dependent variables chosen from the literature. Further for collecting the sample the random sampling method was adopted. All aspects of training and organizational characteristic variables were utilized. Data analysis involved like correlation and regression, chi-square test with the help of SPSS 21 version. Confidentiality was maintained throughout the research. Study findings observed that there is a positive impact of organization and trainee related factors that impact the training effectiveness. Further, it is noticed that the current level of training and development programs in Djibouti Port Trust was effective. Overall from the study found it is concluded that the training and development need in the ports and explore whether the needs differ between the ports.

scholarly journals FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PERILAKU SAFETY DRIVING PADA SUPIR TRAVEL DI PT. LIBRA WISATA TRANSPORT

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ade Dita Puteri ◽  
Azimah Mardiatun Nisa
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Employment Education ◽  
Work Knowledge

Safety Driving is the basis for further driving training that pays attention to the safety of drivers and passengers. Safety Driving is influenced by human factors such as age, education, length of work, knowledge, vehicle factors such as passenger load capacity, environmental factors in this condition of road and weather. The purpose of this study is to know the factors relating to correlation safety driving of travel driver at PT. Libra Wisata Transport Pekanbaru year 2019. This research is a quantitative study of analytics with a cross-sectional approach. This research was conducted on June 20-25, 2019 with the population in this research is the travel driver of PT. Libra Wisata Transport Pekanbaru, which was 40 people using the Total Sampling technique. independent variables are age, employment, education, length of work, knowledge, and driving completeness, while the dependent variables are the behavior of Safety Driving. The instruments used in data collection are questionnaires. Data analysis is conducted with the analysis of univariate and bivariate with Chi-Square test. The results of the research can be a relationship between age, employment, education, duration of work, knowledge and completeness of driving with the behavior of Safety Driving. It is suggested to the travel to be able to conduct training on Safety Driving to the all of driver, and conduct evaluation on the implementation of Safety Driving training, so that the results of the training can make the driver Act securely In driving. In addition, the driver is expected to always obey the ordinances of the traffic provisions.

scholarly journals War against Terrorism and its Impact on Children’s Academic Performance In District Swat Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
Arab Naz ◽  
Muhammad Adnan Ali ◽  
Nasim Khan Mahsud ◽  
Waseem Khan
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Learning Performance ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Target Area ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Behavior

Terrorism has immensely affected the lives and standard of living of common masses across the country. Such a menace gave birth to numerous apprehensions and affected lives of subject masses and adversely impacted the institutions. The current study tends to investigate the impacts of war against terrorism/militancy on children’s education, specifically on their academic performance in District Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Data has been collected from 200 children of class 9th and 10th in the target area using stratified random sampling technique through interview schedule. Besides, the analysis has been performed through SPSS, using Chi-Square test where findings of the study show that militancy and terrorism have multiple and diverse impacts upon students’ academic achievements and learning performance in the form of grading, marks’ attainment, enrollment and behavior.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document