scholarly journals Evaluation of Norpalnt in Nepalese Women

1970 ◽  
Vol 39 (133) ◽  
pp. 154-157
Author(s):  
U Bharati ◽  
V Shrivastava
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Insertion Site ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Socioeconomic Group ◽  
Local Infection ◽  
Menstrual Irregularity ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Group Number ◽  
Living Children ◽  
A Prospective Study

This was a prospective study done in Marie Stope clinic, Chabhill, Kathmandu. One hundredwomen who had Norplant insertion between May 1996 to April 1997 were followed upfor a year for its side effects. The age, ethnic group, number of living children, literacy,socioeconomic status of the women who has Norplant insertion were also analyzed. Norplantwas found to be most popular in age group of 21-30 years (68%). Maximum number ofacceptors were in Chetri community (32%). It was a popular contraceptive in women whohad two or more children and those who came from low socioeconomic group and wereilliterate. Among side effects, menstrual irregularity was commonest (67%) headachewas present in 12%, weight gain and depressive symptoms each was present in 10% ofwomen. 2% had local infection at insertion site and 1% of woman had allergic reaction.Key words: Norplant, Contraceptives, Side effects.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Mifepristone in the Treatment of Uterine Leiomyomata

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-25
Author(s):  
Mayurika Sinha ◽  
A Kyal ◽  
P Mukhopadhay
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Uterine Leiomyoma ◽  
Endometrial Hyperplasia ◽  
Lower Abdominal Pain ◽  
Simple Type ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Uterine Leiomyomata ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynaecology ◽  
Perimenopausal Women ◽  
A Prospective Study

Aims: The goal of this study was to determine the effects of mifepristone in perimenopausal women with leiomyomas, thereby to see a decrease in severity of symptoms and a decrease in size of the leiomyomas. Methods: This was a prospective study conducted at Eden HospitalMedical College and Hospital, Kolkatafrom July 2010 to June 2011. Fifty patients received 20-25mg mifepristone daily and comparison was made between pre and post treatment symptoms and leiomyoma volume. Results: All patients became amenorrhoeic after treatment, relieving heavy menstrual flow most complained of. Lower abdominal pain improved by > 80% in most patients and volume of leiomyoma decreased appreciably. The drug did not have any major side effects. Endometrial hyperplasia detected by ultrasound in 42% patients was only of simple type on biopsy. Conclusions: Mifepristone can be useful in treating symptomatic women with uterine leiomyoma in perimenopausal age group, in those awaiting surgery to stop bleeding and improve anaemia and to reduce size of tumor to make surgery technically easier, making it a cheaper alternative to GnRH agonists and without any major side effects. Nepal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology / Vol 8 / No. 1 / Issue 15 / Jan- June, 2013 / 22-25 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njog.v8i1.8856

scholarly journals A Prospective Study to study the Efficacy and Side Effects of Ormeloxifene in Regression of Mastalgia and Fibroadenoma: Is It the Ideal Drug?

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-56
Author(s):  
Nidhi Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Complete Relief ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Short Period ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
The Ideal

ABSTRACT Ormeloxifene (Centchroman) is a novel nonsteroidal, selective estrogen receptor modulator birth control pill which has also been used recently for the treatment of mastalgia and fibroadenoma. Fibroadenomas are the most common benign breast tumors in women but worrisome for women fearing cancer. Mastalgia whether cyclic or noncyclic may be severely incapacitating for women. This study aims to analyze the effect of this new drug on the regression of mastalgia and fibroadenoma as an alternative to presently available steroid-based drugs with significant side effects. Materials and methods This was a prospective study involving 100 women of reproductive age group (up to 35 years of age) attending the outpatient department (OPD) in Malhotra Nursing Home, Agra and Rainbow Hospital Pvt Ltd., Agra, India, from August 2011 to August 2014, complaining of mastalgia and/ or fibroadenoma and fulfilling the inclusion criteria. After informed consent, these women were divided into a mastalgia group who had mastalgia with or without nodularity and a fibroadenoma group having sizes 1.5 to 2 cm, single or multiple in one or both breasts. Ormeloxifene 30 mg on alternate days was administered for 3 months in both the groups. Patients were followed at 1, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 weeks to assess response to therapy. Clinical examination, change in nodularity by palpation, breast lump size by ultrasonography, change in visual analog score (VAS) and breast tenderness were monitored. Results were analyzed using ‘t’ test. Results A total of 100 patients were included in this study. Eighty percent women belonged to the age group 25 to 35 years with a mean age of 28, 31.2 and 27.2 years in groups IA, IB and group B respectively. Mean interval between drug therapy and onset of response was 6 ± 2 days in mastalgia group and 15 ± 2 days in fibroadenoma group. 97.6 to 100% of women in the mastalgia group reported complete relief at 12 weeks of therapy with a decrease in VAS score from 10 to 3 in the first week of therapy itself while 28% of fibroadenoma group reported complete relief at 12 weeks of therapy, partial relief in 31% and equivocal response in 41%. Side effects observed were allergic rash development (2%) and a delay in menstruation of 7 to 10 days (14%) during therapy. Conclusion Ormeloxifene is a novel nonsteroidal drug found to be effective in treatment of mastalgia and partially in treatment of fibroadenoma in a short period of 3 months. As compared to the drugs presently in use namely danazol and bromocriptine, ormeloxifene is safer as suggested by its side-effect profile and is cost-effective too. There is need for prospective large randomized studies to compare this low-cost drug with the standard but costly drugs being prescribed at present. How to cite this article Gupta N. A Prospective Study to Study the Efficacy and Side Effects of Ormeloxifene in Regression of Mastalgia and Fibroadenoma: Is it the Ideal Drug? J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2016;8(1):48-56.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and practice of family planning among women of reproductive age group attending outpatient department in a tertiary centre of Northern India

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahvish Qazi ◽  
Najmus Saqib ◽  
Sachin Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Total Fertility Rate ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Planning Methods ◽  
Family Planning Methods

Background: India with 1.35 billion people is the second most populated country in the world next to China. Total fertility rate of India is 2.2 and the current total fertility rate of Jammu and Kashmir is 1.7 which is still lagging behind various states. This study was conducted to investigate the knowledge, attitude and practices of contraception in women of reproductive age in this set up.Methods: The present cross-sectional study was carried out in patients attending OPD (outpatient department) of Obstetrics and Gynecology at ASCOMS, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India from 1st September 2017 to 31st August 2018. 200 married women aged between 18-49 years were included in this study. Socio-demographic characteristics of the women, their knowledge, attitude and practices on contraception were evaluated with the help of predesigned questionnaire.Results: Out of 200 women, maximum respondents belong to age group of 21-25 years (75.6%). Most of the contraceptive non-users belongs to age below 20 years (62.5%). Majority of respondents were Hindu (70.37%), maximum studied up to secondary level education (84.61%), 70.30% were housewives and 56.58% belongs to middle class. In 45% of respondents, media was the main source of information. Preferred spacing method was condom in 85% of cases. 68% women had knowledge of female sterilization. According to most women, family planning methods are meant for limitations of birth (43%) and 36% meant for spacing of birth. 80% women had positive attitude towards contraceptive usage. 50% experienced side effects with the use of contraceptives. The most common side effect was menstrual irregularities in 25% of cases. Most common reason for not using contraceptive methods among non-respondents were lack of knowledge in 50% of cases.Conclusions: The study showed that inspite of having good knowledge, utilization of contraceptives were less because of large family norm, religious myth, cultural and political barriers. Ignorance regarding use and side effects of various contraceptive methods is another reason for inadequate practice of family planning methods.

scholarly journals Pattern of Ear Diseases among Paediatric ENT Patient: An Experience from Tertiary Care Centre, Pokhara, Nepal

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Sigdel ◽  
R Nepali
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Ear Diseases ◽  
Paediatric Age ◽  
One Year ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Nose And Throat

Introduction: Ear diseases are common in children mainly due to altered anatomy of Eustachian tube which is straighter in children as compared to that in adults. However, the cause of hearing loss in children is more varied, including the etiologies. This study was done to find out the pattern of ear diseases in paediatric age group attending ear, nose and throat OPD in a tertiary care centre in Pokhara, Nepal. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective study done in paediatric patients attending ENT OPD over a period of one year from January 2010 to January 2011. The diagnoses were made on the basis of history and clinical examination. Results were expressed in numbers and percentages. Results: Out of 1632 Pediatric ENT patients, 944 had ear diseases, 59.2% were males and 40.8% females. Wax (33.4%) was the commonest diagnosis followed by Chronic suppurative otitis media (24.3%) and Acute ottitis media (13%). Conclusion: Ear diseases are most common condition in ENT OPD among paediatric age group. Wax, CSOM and ASOM were the three most common ear diseases. J. Nepal Paediatr. Soc. 32(2) 2012 142-145 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v32i2.5673

scholarly journals A PROSPECTIVE STUDY TO ANALYSE THE SIDE EFFECTS OF OLMESARTAN MEDOXOMIL AND ENALAPRIL IN HYPERTENSIVE SUBJECTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 258
Author(s):  
Parminderpal Singh ◽  
Kiranjit Kiranjit
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Postural Hypotension ◽  
Olmesartan Medoxomil ◽  
National Commission ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Taste Alteration ◽  
A Prospective Study

Objective: The present study was aimed to analyze the side effects of olmesartan medoxomil and enalapril in hypertensive subjects.Methods: The study consisted of newly diagnosed hypertension categorized according to 7th report of Joint National Commission on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure. The subjects were divided into two groups. The Group A subjects received olmesartan, and Group B subjects received enalapril. Pressure was recorded both in supine and sitting positions. The appearance of side effects was observed in the follow-up, i.e., dry cough, headache, postural hypotension, angioedema, dizziness, skin rashes, taste alterations, and urticaria. A statistical data were prepared on the basis of information obtained and analyzed thoroughly for antihypertensive effects and side effects of olmesartan and enalapril. SPSS software was used for analysis.Results: There was observed an increase in the incidence of taste alteration with drug therapy in Group B (Enalapril). There was observed an increase in the incidence of postural hypotension with drug therapy in both groups. In Group A (Olmesartan), the incidence of postural hypotension at the beginning of trial, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks was 0%, 2%, and 2%, respectively. In Group A (Olmesartan), there was no incidence of a headache at the beginning of trial, at 4 weeks and 8 weeks.Conclusion: From the study, it can be concluded that both olmesartan and enalapril are effective in Stage I and Stage II hypertension, but olmesartan is tolerated well with lesser side effects.

scholarly journals Clinical and aetiological spectrum of spontaneous pneumothorax in adults in Sub-Himalayan: a prospective study at tertiary care institute

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Ajay Sharma ◽  
Ashok Sharma ◽  
Pramod Jaret ◽  
Malay Sarkar ◽  
Sanjeev Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Spontaneous Pneumothorax ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Outcome Indicators ◽  
Secondary Spontaneous Pneumothorax ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Aetiological Spectrum

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">The spontaneous pneumothorax has been classified as major cause of morbidity and mortality among respiratory diseases. The objectives of the study were to determine the incidence and aetiology of spontaneous pneumothorax and to assess the clinical profile of affected patients admitted in our institute</span>.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">A hospital based prospective study was conducted in year 2011-12 in the Department of Medicine, IGMC Shimla (H.P.) India. During study period the total admissions were 7335 out of which 30 patients were diagnosed as spontaneous pneumothorax and treated as cases under study. The data was collected on proforma includes demographic profile, probable cause, clinical and outcome indicators of Spontaneous Pneumothorax, master chart framed and analysed into frequency percentage. </span><span lang="EN-IN"> </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Incidence of spontaneous pneumothorax was found to be 408.99/yr/100000 admissions in the department of medicine. Incidence of primary spontaneous pneumothorax was 81.79/yr/100000 admissions. Incidence of secondary spontaneous pneumothorax was 327.19/yr/100000 admissions. Majority of the patients of primary spontaneous pneumothorax were of the 20-29yrs age group. Higher proportions of cases were from male gender (93.33%). Secondary pneumothorax patients were mostly of 50 to 59 years age group. The predominant aetiology for secondary spontaneous pneumothorax was COPD (36.66%) followed by Pulmonary tuberculosis (33.33%)</span>.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Spontaneous pneumothorax was more common in men. The predominant aetiology for secondary spontaneous pneumothorax was COPD (36.66%) followed by pulmonary tuberculosis (33.33%). </span></p><p class="abstract"> </p>

scholarly journals A prospective study of complications in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients of lower socioeconomic group with special reference to microvascular complication and metabolic syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 2227
Author(s):  
K. Satya Anand ◽  
Ruksana . ◽  
Anand Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Socioeconomic Group ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Symptomatic Neuropathy

Background: All these metabolic derangements exist for many years in the asymptomatic phase of type 2 diabetes and they predispose to development of complications even before clinical diagnosis. Metabolic syndrome is considered to be a precursor of type 2 diabetes. Present study is primarily aimed to study the prevalence of micro vascular complications and metabolic syndrome in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients of low socio-economic group.Methods: This is a cross sectional prospective study conducted in the dept. of general medicine Konaseema institute of medical science Amalapuram, Andhra Pradesh, India from November 2016 to October 2018. Based on exclusion and inclusion criteria 103 patients were enrolled for this study. Various parameters like age, sex, body mass index, waist circumference, lipid profile, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, neuropathy, nephropathy and retinopathy was measured.Results: The mean age of the patient was 48±10.0 years. Fasting and 2 hours OGTT was 174.6±46.8 mg/dl and 255.6±75.6 mg/dl. The mean of total cholesterol was 204.7±41.9 (mg/dl), Triglycerides was 218±83.4 (mg/dl) and HDL was 44±5.3 (mg/dl). Symptomatic neuropathy constituted 35.6% in 51-60 age group and 27.1% in 31-40 and 41-50 age groups. Objective neuropathy constituted highest (36.6%) in 51-60 age group. Retinopathy constituted highest (60%) in 51-60 age group and nephropathy constituted 26.3 % in 21-30 and 51-60 age groups.Conclusions: Prevalence of microvascular complications in newly diagnosed diabetics of low socioeconomic group were as follows: symptomatic neuropathy-57.3%, objective neuropathy-39.8%, retinopathy-4.9%, nephropathy-18.4%. These were similar to published studies from general population from the same geographical area.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF NON-ADHERENCE TO ANTITUBERCULAR DRUGS AMONG TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY

2021 ◽  
pp. 26-28
Author(s):  
SUMAN LATA ◽  
VIJAY KHAJURIA ◽  
VINEETA SAWHNEY ◽  
KAMLESH KUMARI
Keyword(s):  
Lower Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Antitubercular Drugs ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
Adherence Scale ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
A Prospective Study

Objective: The objective of present study was to examine the non-adherence among tuberculosis patients to antitubercular drugs and the factors associated with non-adherence. Methods: Prospective observational study was conducted in department of pharmacology Government Medical College, Kathua in collaboration with the district tuberculosis centre, Kathua for a period of four months. TB Patients on treatment for last 8 w were included in the study. The pre validated questionnaire was provided to patients and their responses were analysed. Morisky’s Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-4) was used to assess adherence/non-adherence to antitubercular drugs. Results: Total 72 patients were included in trial and out of which 60(83.33%) were males and12 (16.66%) were females and the maximum were between 40-50y (38%) of age, mostly illiterate (50%) and from lower socioeconomic status (38%). Out of 60 male patients, 48(80%) showed adherence to anti-tuberculosis drugs, while remaining 12(20%) were non-adherent. Whereas 10females (83%) were adherent and 2 (16.66%) were non-adherent. Forgetfulness (42%), followed by illiteracy (21.4%) and longer distance from health institute (14%) were main reasons for non-adherence. Conclusion: Present study has shown non-adherence is maximum among males, illiterate, low socioeconomic group, longer distance from the health institution.

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