On the Use of Commercial Quails as Study Organisms: Lessons about Food Intake from Individual Variation in Body Mass

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Duval ◽  
P. Cassey ◽  
S. Desaivre ◽  
S. J. Reynolds ◽  
K. A. Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Individual Variation

Effects of neurosecretory protein GL on food intake and fat accumulation under different dietary nutrient compositions in rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keisuke Fukumura ◽  
Kenshiro Shikano ◽  
Yuaki Narimatsu ◽  
Eiko Iwakoshi-Ukena ◽  
Megumi Furumitsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Mass Gain ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Intracerebroventricular Infusion ◽  
Body Mass Gain ◽  
Sucrose Diet

Abstract We recently identified a novel hypothalamic small protein, named neurosecretory protein GL (NPGL), which is involved in energy homeostasis in birds and mammals. However, whether the action of NPGL is influenced by nutritional composition remains unknown. Thus, we investigated the effect of chronic intracerebroventricular infusion of NPGL for 13 days on feeding behavior and body mass gain under a normal chow diet (NC), high-fat diet, high-sucrose diet (HSD), and medium-fat/medium-sucrose diet (MFSD) in rats. NPGL stimulated food intake of NC and MFSD, especially during the light period. By contrast, NPGL decreased body mass gain under NC and increased total white adipose tissue mass in HSD- and MFSD-fed rats. These data suggest that the effects of NPGL on feeding behavior, body mass gain, and fat accumulation depend on nutrient type. Among them, sucrose in diets seems to contribute to fat accumulation elicited by NPGL.

scholarly journals Intraspecific Variation in Maximum Ingested Food Size and Body Mass in Varecia rubra and Propithecus coquereli

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Hartstone-Rose ◽  
Jonathan M. G. Perry
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Individual Variation ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Maximum Size ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Scaling Relationship ◽  
Varecia Rubra ◽  
Food Size ◽  
The Relationship

In a recent study, we quantified the scaling of ingested food size (Vb )—the maximum size at which an animal consistently ingests food whole—and found that Vb scaled isometrically between species of captive strepsirrhines. The current study examines the relationship between Vb and body size within species with a focus on the frugivorous Varecia rubra and the folivorous Propithecus coquereli. We found no overlap in Vb between the species (all V. rubra ingested larger pieces of food relative to those eaten by P. coquereli), and least-squares regression of Vb and three different measures of body mass showed no scaling relationship within each species. We believe that this lack of relationship results from the relatively narrow intraspecific body size variation and seemingly patternless individual variation in Vb within species and take this study as further evidence that general scaling questions are best examined interspecifically rather than intraspecifically.

Serum leptin levels and energy expenditure in normal weight women

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
L J Martin ◽  
PJH Jones ◽  
R V Considine ◽  
W Su ◽  
N F Boyd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Percentage Body Fat ◽  
Healthy Humans

To investigate whether circulating leptin levels are associated with energy expenditure in healthy humans, doubly labeled water energy measurements and food intake assessment were carried out in 27 women (mean age, 48.6 years; weight, 61.9 kg; body mass index, 23.2). Energy expenditure was determined over 13 days. Food intake was measured by 7-day food records. Leptin was measured by radioimmunoassay. Leptin level was strongly associated with percentage body fat (r = 0.59; p < 0.001), fat mass (r = 0.60; p < 0.001), and body mass index (r = 0.41; p = 0.03), but no correlation was observed with energy expenditure (r = 0.02; p = 0.93). After controlling for percentage body fat, a positive association of leptin level with energy expenditure of marginal significance (p = 0.06) was observed. There were no significant univariate associations of age, physical activity, lean body mass, height, or dietary variables with leptin level. When controlling for body fat, a significant positive correlation was observed for percent energy from carbohydrate and negative correlations with dietary fat and alcohol intake. These findings confirm previous associations between leptin and body fat content and suggest a relationship between serum leptin and energy expenditure level in healthy humans.Key words: leptin, energy expenditure, body composition, diet.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Determinants of High Blood Pressure among Adolescents: A School based Study in Rural Area of Hooghly District, West Bengal

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 205-210
Author(s):  
Malay Kumar Das ◽  
Rabindranath Sinha ◽  
Aparajita Dasgupta
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Introduction: The World Health Organization has already warned of increasing non-communicable diseases among adolescents as a major public health problem. The importance of this age group also lies in the fact that many serious diseases in adulthood have their roots in adolescence. Method: A pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire was used in class-room setting to collect information from students regarding presence of risk factors of non-communicable diseases. The respondents were also subjected to anthropometric measurements and blood pressure examination using standard operating procedures. Results: A total of 761 students of class VI-XII participated in the study of which 61.4% were boys and rests were girls. High blood pressure among boys and girls were 19.9% and 22.1% were respectively. In Bivariate analysis age > 15 years (median) (OR= 2.11), fast food intake (>3 times/week) (OR= 1.66), Alcohol consumption (OR= 2.22), less physical activity (OR=1.54), increased body mass index (OR=2.53), significantly associated with high blood pressure. In Multivariate analysis age (AOR= 2.25), fast food intake (AOR= 1.50), Alcohol consumption (OR= 2.23), less physical activity (AOR=1.71), increased body mass index (AOR=2.42) remains significant predictor. Conclusion: Detecting the risk factors of high blood pressure prevalent in the population is of utmost importance to achieve a healthy population. Formulation and dissemination of need--based, culturally acceptable and age appropriate scientific messages for school students should be conducted more proactively. Keywords: Adolescents, Blood pressure, Risk factor, Rural school.

scholarly journals A Study of the Nutritional Behavior and Body Mass Indexes for Students of Age (17-25) Years In Baghdad, Iraq.

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 480-487
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Daily Food Intake ◽  
Nutritional Behavior ◽  
Daily Food ◽  
Personal Meeting

The aim of this study was to assess the nutritional status for samples at the age of 17-15 years. These samples were taken from secondary schools and universities in Baghdad area, 123 of them were male and 261 were female. Data on weight, height and body mass index (BMI) were determined in each individual. Smaller sample of 215 individuals (male and female) from the original sample was taken in order to record their nutritional behavior and daily food intake during the 24 hours prior to the visit through personal meeting using special questionnaire. The results showed that the weight and the height were within the range of the people of neighboring Arab countries, who are in the same age. Beside 44.4- 55.95% of these samples were within the normal weight using body mass index. Percentages of obesity and overweight were between 43.5- 6.5% for male and female respectively. There was an increase in daily food intake in general for essential diet and energy indeed, as recorded in nutritional behavior. 67% of samples have their breakfast every day. There were 51% of the samples having snacks (additional meal) between the major meals everyday and 62% have beverages every day. Also high percentage of samples were having milk and its products, vegetables, fruits (as nutritional sources) every day and the percentages were 47%, 67%, 78% respectively. In general their nutritional behavior and daily food intake were within the limits which showed by American recommended daily dietary, still there was some incorrect nutritional behavior which need more education and learning about nutrition.

scholarly journals Climaterium, food intake and medicines

2012 ◽  
Vol 05 (03) ◽  
pp. 134-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Deh Souza Santos ◽  
Eduarda de Castro Furtado ◽  
Flávia Giolo Deh Carvalho ◽  
Renata Iannetta ◽  
Carla Barbosa Nonino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Outpatient Clinic ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Medication Prescription ◽  
Fiber Consumption

ABSTRACT Background: Polytherapy treatment is a common practice observed among menopausal patients. This study aimed to quantify food intake and medications in climacteric patients living in community. Methods: Eligible patients from Climacteric Outpatient Clinic (HCFMRP/USP) were recruited. The collected data were: food intake records, age, body weight, height, levels of physical activity and medications in use. Results: Eighty women were studied. Their age was 548 years and body mass index 307kg/m2. They had inadequate dietary Fe, K, Mg, Ca, thiamin, pyridoxine, vitamin E, folate and fiber consumption; 62% used 3 or more medications/day among hypotensive, micronutrients and anti-depressants. Conclusion: Climacteric women need special attention regarding nutrient intake and medication prescription.

scholarly journals Effects of Chronic Intracerebroventricular Infusion of RFamide-Related Peptide-3 on Energy Metabolism in Male Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 8606
Author(s):  
Shogo Moriwaki ◽  
Yuki Narimatsu ◽  
Keisuke Fukumura ◽  
Eiko Iwakoshi-Ukena ◽  
Megumi Furumitsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Other ◽  
Related Peptide ◽  
Intracerebroventricular Infusion ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
The Masses

RFamide-related peptide-3 (RFRP-3), the mammalian ortholog of avian gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH), plays a crucial role in reproduction. In the present study, we explored the other functions of RFRP-3 by investigating the effects of chronic intracerebroventricular infusion of RFRP-3 (6 nmol/day) for 13 days on energy homeostasis in lean male C57BL/6J mice. The infusion of RFRP-3 increased cumulative food intake and body mass. In addition, the masses of brown adipose tissue (BAT) and the liver were increased by the administration of RFRP-3, although the mass of white adipose tissue was unchanged. On the other hand, RFRP-3 decreased O2 consumption, CO2 production, energy expenditure, and core body temperature during a short time period in the dark phase. These results suggest that the increase in food intake and the decrease in energy expenditure contributed to the gain of body mass, including the masses of BAT and the liver. The present study shows that RFRP-3 regulates not only reproductive function, but also energy metabolism, in mice.

scholarly journals Food intake patterns and body mass index in observational studies

2001 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 1741-1751 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Togo ◽  
M Osler ◽  
TIA Sørensen ◽  
BL Heitmann
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Food Intake Patterns

Enhanced adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase activity in detrained rats: independent of changes in food intake

1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 2564-2571 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. V. Lambert ◽  
G. Wooding ◽  
M. I. Lambert ◽  
J. H. Koeslag ◽  
T. D. Noakes
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Exhaustive Exercise ◽  
Sedentary Control ◽  
Food Energy ◽  
Adipose Tissue Lipoprotein Lipase

Short-term detraining has been characterized by increased body mass and rapid body fat accretion. However, detraining has also been associated with increased food intake, especially in rats genetically predisposed to obesity. Thus, it has been difficult to separate refeeding effects from alterations resulting from the cessation of exercise training. In the present study, the in vitro activity of adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase (ATLPL) was measured in freely running wheel-trained rats and rats that had stopped training for 1, 2, or 3 days or 1 or 2 wk, respectively. Heparin-releasable ATLPL activity was measured at rest and after acute exhaustive exercise. Feeding efficiency (change in body mass/kJ ingested energy), fat pad mass, and adipocyte size were also measured. The rate of weight gain in 1- and 2-wk detrained rats was significantly higher than that of sedentary control or trained rats (P < 0.05). Feeding efficiency was also higher in 1-wk detrained rats than in all other groups (P < 0.005). However, food energy intake was not different between trained rats, 1- and 2-wk detrained rats, or sedentary control rats. ATLPL activity in all groups was highest after acute exhaustive exercise. ATLPL activity in 1-wk detrained rats was nearly threefold higher compared with that in trained rats (P < 0.005) and was not different from that of sedentary control rats. These results suggest that the cessation of exercise training causes an enhanced capacity for lipogenesis independent of changes in food energy intake or the acute effects of the last bout of exercise.

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