scholarly journals PENGARUH KOMPOSISI DAN WAKTU FERMENTASI CAMPURAN LIMBAH INDUSTRI TAHU DAN KOTORAN SAPI TERHADAP KANDUNGAN GAS METHANE PADA PEMBANGKIT BIOGAS

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Mohammad Nurhilal ◽  
Purwiyanto Purwiyanto ◽  
Galih Mustiko Aji
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Gas Content ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Methane Gas ◽  
Industry Waste ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Methane Bacteria

Biogas is alternative energy produced from the anaerobic activity process of methane bacteria obtained by fermentation. Anaerobic activation is a sequence of microorganism processes breaking down biodegradable  materials without oxygen. Biogas is mostly produced from cow dung and tofu industry waste that has the potential to contain methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S). To reduce the content of (CO2) and (H2S) and to increase the element of methane gas, the purification process is needed to do. Purification can be carried out by absorption techniques using water, NaOH solution, and zeolite/silica gel. The purpose of this study is to examine the methane gas content of variations in the composition of cow dung and tofu liquid waste and the fermentation time. The method used was an experiment by varying the composition of cow dung and tofu liquid waste by 40%: 60%; 50%: 50%; and 60%: 40%, as well as variations in the fermentation time of120, 168 and 216 hours of fermentation. The results showed that the highest methane gas content in the composition of a mixture of cow dung and tofu liquid waste was 50:50 in 168 hours of fermentation which was equal to 2.806%. The content of methane gas was influenced by the fermentation time, the pH conditions in the digester, and the intensity of stirring the biogas material in the digester.

scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH CAIR TAHU DAN DAUN GAMAL (Gliricidia sepium) SEBAGAI PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR DENGAN METODA FERMENTASI DENGAN AKTIVATOR EM4

1930 ◽  
Vol 8 (01) ◽  
pp. 127-135
Author(s):  
Hasmalina Nasution ◽  
Henny D J ◽  
Ulsanna Laira
Keyword(s):  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Gliricidia Sepium ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Quality Requirements ◽  
Industry Waste ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium

Liquid organic fertilizer is organic fertilizer in a liquid preparation as apart or all of from organic compound such as plant, animal, and industry waste, solid or liquid phase Nutrients contained therein form of a solution that is so fine that is easily absorbed by plants, though the leaves or stems. Organic fertilizer is one of solution to recovery physical, chemical and biological soil mineral from harmful effect at synthetic fertilize. Liquid fertilizer is obtained from the fermentation process solid first and then proceed with the extraction and liquid anaerobic fermentation process.In the fermentation process, the role of microbes largely determine the resulting product.The aim of this study was to determine the potential of liquid waste out as a liquid organic fertilizer with the addition of leaves of Gliricidia plants with a variation of 200 gr and 400 gr to increase mocro and micro nutrients with EM4 bacteria activator by fermentation procces. Macro nutrients result show Nitrogen 1250,57 ppm, phosphorus 1626,51 ppm potasium 2987,45 ppm, C-organic 8550 ppm, the ratio of C/N 7, and micro nutrients (Fe, Cu, Mn) C organic result Fe 57.99 ppm, Cu 0.30 ppm, Mn 2.83 ppm in the optimum fermentation time of 5 days with additional variations Gliricidia leaves 400 g. Macro nutrient of Organic fertilizer produced meets the quality requirements of the regulation which has set the levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the amount of <2% or <20000, C organic ≥ 4% (40000 ppm), the ratio of C / N ≥ 4 ppm. Micro nutrients result do not meet the quality requirements of the agriculture minister No.28/Permentan/OT.140/2/2009. quality regulations for, and metal 100-1000 ppm.

scholarly journals PENGUJIAN PERFORMA REAKTOR DOWNDRAFT BIOMASSA KOTORAN SAPI

POROS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ridwan Ridwan ◽  
Noviyanti Nugraha Nugraha
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Gas Content ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Discharge Temperature ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Chamber Temperature ◽  
Biomass Power Plant ◽  
Biomass Power Plants

Biomass power plants are electricity generators with alternative energy that utilize organicmaterials, in this case cow dung. The cow dung is then processed to produce syngas. Syngas is used as fuelto turn turbines. In previous studies, a cow manure gasification reactor was designed and manufactured.This reactor is part of a biomass power plant system (PLTBm) which is made separately. The power outputtarget of this PLTBm is 370 kW. The purpose of this study was to examine the performance of the downdraftreactor of cow dung biomass, namely discharge, temperature, and analyze the gas content released by thereactor so that the power that can be generated by the reactor can be obtained. The test results obtained acombustion chamber temperature of 580°C and a discharge of 0.285 m3/s. The composition of the outputgas is acetylene 58.16%, hexane 27.66%, butane 6.38%, and methane 7.8%. From the calculation results,the power generated by the reactor is 342 kW.

scholarly journals Optimization of Methane Gas Formation Rate with The Addition of EM4 Starter-made from Tofu Liquid Waste and Husk Rice Waste Using Biogas Reactor-Fixed Dome in Langensari West Ungaran

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 02016
Author(s):  
Fahmi Arifan ◽  
Fuad Muhammad ◽  
Sri Winarni ◽  
Hafizh Rama Devara ◽  
Latifah Hanum
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Formation Rate ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Methane Formation ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Alkaline Conditions ◽  
Biogas Reactor ◽  
Materials Used

Indonesia is a country that has abundant energy resources, namely oil, gas, coal, geothermal, and so forth. Biogas is an alternative fuel that can be used as a substitute for primary fuel. The term biogas is already familiar to the people, it is because biogas has usefulness as a vehicle fuel, domestic (cooking), and generate electricity. Cow dung has a value of C / N ratio is large enough that 18. Rice husk has a C / N ratio is sufficient High temperatures of 38.9. EM-4 (effective microorganism) is a bacterial culture which is usually used as an activator. In the manufacture of biogas from waste fluids out and chaff has the advantage because the content of the C / N is high enough. The composition of the raw materials used are liquid wastes out of 5 kg and 1 kg of husk-em with the addition of 4500 ml and the resulting calorific value of 1047.9 A fermentation time for 9 days. Ph maintained in neutral or alkaline conditions, namely 7-7.5, because the effectiveness of the methane formation is highly dependent on pH wherein the microorganism will grow and thrive in neutral. The test results has been done is the color of the flame and the time at yield is good enough where the color of the flame produced at day to9 blue with time for 40 seconds.

scholarly journals The Potential of Methane Gas as an Alternative Energy Source in Kebon Kongok Landfill

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 334-343
Author(s):  
Taufik Abdullah ◽  
Nur Rosman Hidayat ◽  
Hijriati Sholehah
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
Gas Content ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Methane Gas ◽  
Alternative Energy Source ◽  
Electricity System ◽  
Open Dumping ◽  
Generation Capacity

Waste management in West Nusa Tenggara Provincial Government focuses on two main things, namely the reduction and handling and providing of TPA which is still operated with an open dumping system. Application of an open system in TPA will cause many problems, including air pollution by methane gas and the greenhouse effect. This study aims to determine the potential methane gas content of the Kebon Kongok landfill as an alternative energy source by modelling using LandGEM. The data in this study consisted of the year of the TPA operation plan and the annual data on the waste generation of TPA. The results showed that the potential content of methane gas was 12,999,633.62 m3/year, or equivalent to 14,520.88 MWh/year, in the form of gas as much as 9,966.38 Megagrams of LPG/ year. Therefore, the Kebon Kongok TPA has the potential to be used as a power plant fuelled by methane gas and facilitates electricity connections for the surrounding community because when compared to other existing renewable energy plants in the Lombok Electricity System, the capacity of 1.66 Megawatts was already  equivalent to the power generation  capacity which are already operating commercially.

scholarly journals Effect of Cow Dung Concentration and Microbial Count on The Formation of Biogas in A Horizontal Digester

2021 ◽  
Vol 328 ◽  
pp. 09003
Author(s):  
Novel Karaman ◽  
Susilowati ◽  
Mu'tasim Billah ◽  
Titi Susilowati
Keyword(s):  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Microbial Count ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Renewable Fuel ◽  
Methane Gas ◽  
Residual Gas ◽  
Water Ratio

Biogas is a renewable fuel that produced through a process of anaerobic fermentation of a mixture of cow dung and water. The process of formation of methane gas occurs in a digester reactor with a capacity of 3500 kg/batch during a certain fermentation time with the help of anaerobic bacteria. This research studied effect of the comparison of cow dung and water as well as the number of microbes added. The process of formation of biogas run at varying of cow dung with water and microbes added. Fermentation process was running 16 days by varying the variables. Furthermore, every four days observed, and recorded pressure in the digester, biogas product was analyzed its content of methane gas were formed. Relatively good results were taken on cow dung and water ratio of 1: 1 with the addition of microbes as much as 50 ppm with a time of fermentation for 12 (twelve) days produce biogas of 5.1 m 3/batch with contents of methane about 74 %, carbon dioxide 19 %, and residual gas of 7 %.

PRODUKSI BIOGAS DARI SUBSTRAT DASAR KOTORAN SAPI, KOTORAN AYAM DAN LIMBAH CAIR TAHU DENGAN INOKULUM RUMEN SAPI

Biocelebes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-245
Author(s):  
Subhan nuradzan ◽  
Umrah ◽  
Kasman
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Fossil Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy Source ◽  
Biogas Reactor ◽  
Gas Volume ◽  
Blue Flame

The research of biogas aims to obtain an alternative energy source which might replace fossil energy in the future. It was carried out starting from November 2017 to February 2018 in which was located in Langaleso Village, Dolo Subdistrict, Sigi District and in the Laboratory of Biotechnology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tadulako University. The primary substrates were cow dung, chicken manure and the tofu liquid waste by cow rumen as inoculum. The installation of gas-flowed pipes was conducted by using paralon pipes with size ½ dan ¾ inch with the total lenght 8,40 m. The incubation period of the primary substrates was 30 days where the biogas volume quantification was periodically performed in the day of 10, 20, and 30. The results showed that biogas was formed at the incubation day of 10 which hence increase up to the day of 30. The observed gas volume was 223,568 cm3, 368,950 cm3 dan 458,302 cm3 respectively. The results of flame test representing blue flame indicated that the formed biogas contained the content of methane which higher than 70%. This hence revealed that the installation of biogas reactor with the type of “fixed domed plant” equipped by “watertrap” was able to produce a good quality biogas from the primary substrates were cow dung, chicken manure and the tofu liquid waste by cow rumen as inoculum for the application in the household scale.  

scholarly journals PEMBUATAN BIOGAS DARI LIMBAH CAIR TAHU MENGGUNAKAN BAKTERI INDIGENEOUS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prayitno Prayitno ◽  
Sri Rulianah ◽  
Hilman Nurmahdi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gas Analyzer ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Methane Gas ◽  
Alternative Energy Source ◽  
Substrate Ratio

Tofu wastewater is a pollutant when discharged into the aquatic environment because it can cause foul odors, diseases and reduce the concentration of dissolved oxygen. On the other hand, tofu wastewater can be used as an alternative energy source, namely biogas. The study aims to determine the effect of fermentation time, substrate ratio and stirring on biogas production and methane gas. Variables used in the experiment included: volume ratio of starter (10, 20, 30, and 40% ); stirring (1, 7, and 14 days), fermentation time (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 days). The research was conducted using a digester that has a volume of 50 liters filled with starter as much as 10, 20, 30 and 40% (v/v). Then the digester is flowed with N2 gas until the digester is in anaerobic condition then stirring (1, 7, and 14 days) or without stirring. Every 5 days to 25 days a sample is taken and the amount of biogas and methane gas produced is measured. Measurement of methane gas concentrations using a gas analyzer. The experimental results show that the highest volume of biogas and methane gas produced during fermentation time of 20 days, with a stirring of 14 days, and a starter of 30% which can produce biogas and methane gas respectively of 5,000 ml and 540 ml.

POTENSI SUMBER BIOGAS BERBASIS TINJA PADA SUATU CLUSTER PERUMAHAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
As Zhu Ra ◽  
Sudarti ◽  
Yushardi
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Basic Material ◽  
Septic Tank ◽  
Exhaust Pipe ◽  
Human Waste ◽  
Methane Gas ◽  
The Future

Abstract: THE POTENTIAL OF BIOGAS SOURCES BASED ON REFERENCE IN A HOUSING CLUSTER. In the future there will be a shortage of fuel oil, as a result developed countries will begin to work on the management of use in replacing the problem of low fuel oil and shortage of LPJ gas in the future, one of which is to produce alternative energy using human waste as the basic material, usually called Bio- Gas / Bio-Fuel. However, the management system and processes still use septic tanks that absorb human waste. So the main material or human waste that can be made to generate alternative energy for general public needs, so that it is not wasted using existing disposal methods. This activity is an explanatory activity to describe the process of disposing of human waste in the process of the exhaust pipe equipment system for each house by accumulating it in the central disposal area for the fermentation process to produce methane gas which is converted into gas power to electricity. This invention is used to find out how to make biogas from human waste. The findings of the present invention show the addition of methane gas and a central septic-tank in several households. Key words: Energy, Alternative, Biogas, Human waste, Fermentation process, Biofuel Abstrak: Pada masa depan akan terjaddi kekurangan bahan bakar minyak, akibatnya wilayah negara maju memulai mengerjakan pengelolaan digunakan dalam menggantikan permasalahan sedikitnya BBM dan kekurangan gas LPJ pada masa depan nanti, salah satu yang dilakukan adalah memproduksi energi alternative dengan bahan dasar kotoran manusia biasanya dinamakan dengan Bio-Gas/Bio-Fuel. Akan tetapi, system pengelolaannya dan prosesnya masih menggunakan septik-tank yang meresap kotoran manusia. Jadi bahan utama atau limbah manusia yang sepatutnya dapat dibuat untuk penghasilan tenaga alternative untuk keperluan umum masyarakat, supaya tidak terbuang sia-sia menggunakan cara pembuangan yang ada. Kegiatan ini merupakan pada kegiatan eksplanatori berbuat untuk mendiskripsikan proses prosedur membuang kotoran manusia dalam proses system perlengkapan pipa pembuangan tiap-tiap rumah dengan dikomulatifkan di wardah pembuangan pusat untuk proses fermentasi untuk menghasilkan gas metana yang dirubah dalam tenaga gas ke listrik. Penemuan ini digunakan untuk mengetahui bagaimana cara membuat biogas dari kotoran manusia. Perolehan dari penemuan ini memperlihatkan penambahan gas metana dan sentral septik-tank pada beberapa rumah tangga. Kata kunci: Energi, Alternatif, Biogas, Kotoran manusia, Proses fermentasi, Biofuel

scholarly journals The Production of Bioethanol from Rimau Gerga Lebong (Rgl) Orange Waste as an Alternative Energy

2018 ◽  
Vol 248 ◽  
pp. 04004
Author(s):  
Vike Darliyasi ◽  
Kurnia Herlina Dewi ◽  
Budiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Ethanol Content ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Orange Waste

Bioethanol from Rimau Gerga Lebong (RGL) orange waste is one of the solution to overcome fuel oil problem. The aim of this research is to get the type of microorganisms and fermentation time that produce the highest ethanol from RGL orange waste. The research method used was Randomized Block Design (RBD) of two factors, namely type of microorganisms (Trichoderma viride, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Trichoderma viride + Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and fermentation time (3 days, 5 days, and 7 days. Within the three type of microorganisms with variations of fermentation time showed that the pH was able to carry out the fermentation process smoothly. The highest total dissolved solids were in the type of Trichoderma viride 3 days and 5 days, and the type of mix of microorganisms on the 3rd day. The highest ethanol content is in the type of Sachharomyces cerevisiae for 7 days. ANOVA result showed that the interaction between two treatments on the total dissolved solids experienced significant differences, so it continue with the DMRT test at a significant level of 0.5%. However, it is different from the results of ANOVA on ethanol content which showed that there were significant differences between ethanol content and types of microorganisms, but there was no significant difference on fermentation time

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