scholarly journals Dinamika Pertumbuhan Feminisme Di China Dalam Perspektif Konstruktivisme

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Anna Yulia Hartati ◽  
Ismiyatun Ismiyatun ◽  
Adi Joko Purwanto ◽  
Nur Islamiati
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Growth Process ◽  
International Norms ◽  
The Body ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Female Figures ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Moral Necessity ◽  
Norm Emergence

This article describes how the growth process of feminism in China in the perspective of constructivism regarding the life-cycle of norms. In theory, there are three stages of how a norm which in this case is feminism through the life-cycle of norms. This research method uses a qualitative method of literature study. In this article, the findings are that there are three propositions related to the emergence of international norms in feminism in China, the first is Norm emergence which is described by the emergence of one of the famous female figures, namely, He Zhen, who adopted western feminism by not leaving Chinese cultural identity which was considered good for her. Chinese women's social change. In contrast to other reformers, He Zhen specifically separates the case of feminism from nationalism, stating that women's liberation is not for the sake of the nation, but rather a moral necessity. Second, the Norm Cascade is illustrated by the influence of China's state ratification of the Convention Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) held in Copenhagen Denmark, by accepting international norms on gender equality which in turn will require domestic laws to make some changes to suit the issue. Third, Internalization is described by the growth process of Chinese feminism, namely the process of fusion with culture within the body of feminism itself, or in other words, feminism that develops has its own unique characteristics that are not owned by other countries and only China has it.Keywords: Chinese feminism, constructivism perspective, the life-cycle of norms

scholarly journals Peran LSM ‘Konservasi Kima Toli-Toli – Labengki’ Untuk Kelestarian Kima Sebagai Pelindung Ekosistem Laut

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dian Trianita Lestari ◽  
Iriyani Astuti Arief ◽  
Shinta Arjunita Saputri
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Giant Clam ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Giant Clams ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
The Common ◽  
National Governments ◽  
The Village

This study aims to determine and describe the role of Toli-Toli-Labengki Giant Clam Conservation for the giant clams’ sustainability in Toli-Toli Village, Lalonggasumeeto District. This study uses a qualitative method by applying Green Thought and International Organizations theory to see the role of NGOs in the restoration of giant clam habitat areas. Meanwhile, the data collection techniques used was interviews, literature study and documentation with data analysis techniques consisting of three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results showed that the NGO Toli-Toli – Labengki Giant Clam Conservation played a role as: an independent actor who acts as an international organization and is not merely implementing the interests of the organization or its members, but for the common good; because for negotiations and produce mutually beneficial decisions by educating residents about the importance of giant clam for the sustainability of the coastal ecosystem of Toli-Toli Village so that in the end the community also get benefit; and instruments for collaborating with NGO Naturevolution to reduce plastic waste on the coastal area of the village to Labengki island. Considering the benefits of giant clams to marine ecosystems and the giant clams cultivation requires quite a lot of funds, this NGO should get more attention and support from both local and national governments.

scholarly journals Analisis Keterkaitan antara Kecemasan dengan Covid-19 Berdasarkan Lukas 21:26

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-49
Author(s):  
Daniel Ataupah ◽  
Alvin Hendrik ◽  
Stimson Hutagalung ◽  
Rolyana Ferinia
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Emotionally Disturbed ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Disease Outbreak ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Fear And Anxiety ◽  
End Times ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: Covid-19 is a disease outbreak with terrible effects, where it can cause death. In this case the body will form an immune system to fight the incoming virus. One thing that will affect the immune system is anxiety. So the focus and purpose of the researcher is to show the relationship between anxiety and covid-19 based on the quote of the Lord Jesus in Luke. 21:26. A qualitative method with literature study and hermeneutics will be used in this paper. As a result, fear and anxiety are currently being experienced by everyone because of the covid-19 pandemic which can be interpreted as a pestilence and as a sign of the end of time. Although this is not a sign of the end times that can be measured with certainty, it is psychologically and emotionally disturbed and exacerbated by the news that is presented on the internet and social media in excess.Abstrak: Covid-19 merupakan sebuah wabah penyakit dengan efek yang mengerikan, di mana hal ini dapat menyebabkan kematian. Dalam hal ini tubuh akan membentuk sistem kekebalan tubuh untuk melawan virus yang masuk. Satu hal yang mempengaruhi akan sistem kerja kekebalan tubuh adalah kecemasan. Maka fokus dan tujuan dari peneliti fokusnya ingin menunjukkan korelasi antara kecemasan dengan covid-19 berdasarkan perkataan Tuhan Yesus dalam Luk. 21:26. Sebuah metode kualitatif dengan teknik studi pustaka dan hermeneutika akan dipergunakan dalam penulisan ini. Hasilnya, ketakutan dan kecemasan saat ini sedang dialami oleh setiap orang karena pandemi covid-19 yang dapat diinterpretasikan sebagai penyakit sampar dan sebagai tanda akhir zaman. Meskipun ini bukanlah tanda akhir zaman yang dapat diukur kepastiannya, tetapi memang secara psikologis dan emosional pikiran manusia menjadi terganggu dan diperparah dengan berita-berita yang disajikan di internet dan media sosial secara berlebihan.

scholarly journals Ritus Kematian Masyarakat di Desa Tigawasa, Buleleng Bali

HUMANIS ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Dicna Aktenar ◽  
Industri Ginting Suka ◽  
Ketut Darmana
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Public Confidence ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Village Community ◽  
Rough Body

The process of death rites in Tigawasa village community is different from the Balinese death rite in general, where the Tigawasa community does not carry out the procession of arson, but burial. one tradition that is still maintained the tradition of singing ngelenjatang song in the process of death rites. The formulation of the problem in this research includes (1) how the procession of death rite of Tigawasa people, and (2) how the function and meaning of Tigawasa community death rite. The purpose of this research, among others (1) To understand and explain the procession of death rite, and (2) ) To understand and explain the function and meaning of the Tigawasa community death rite. The death rite of the Tigawasa community can be studied by applying the theory of intermediate rites and inaugural ceremonies by Van Gennep.While The concept used rites, death, and Tigawasa community. The research method used is qualitative method, with data collection covering the determination of informant, observation, interview, literature study, and data analysis. The results showed a death procession of less than twenty-four hours until the bodies were buried. In the implementation of the rituals performed in Tigawasa Village there is ngelenjatang tradition, which is a songung or chanting that is sacred by the local community. This plays an important role from beginning to end on the rite of death. The death rite found in Tigawasa Village community has its own function and meaning in the daily life of its people. The meaning of the rite of death is divided into three parts, namely the meaning of death rites in the life cycle, the meaning of  ngelenjatang in society, and also the meaning of aspects of public confidence. In addition, the function of the death rite is also divided into three parts, namely the function of returning rough body elements to nature, solidarity function and integrity function for the community.

PENGUATAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM MELALUI HAFALAN FURUDHUL AINIYAH DI SMP NURUL JADID PAITON

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 196-204
Author(s):  
Sulistiawati Sulistiawati
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Religious Education ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Religious Activities ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Observation Study ◽  
Homeroom Teachers

This research is intended to search and information about the strengthening of Islamic religious education (PAI) through the recitation of furudhul Ainiyah which is carried out in Nurul Jadid Paiton Junior High School. The method of this research is by qualitative method with case study method, to express. That is more intense and deep with the above phenomenon. Technique of completion of data and information is done through interview, observation, study study, and literature study. The findings of this research are 1). Students or students are required to complete the recitation of Furudhul Ainiyah as a condition to take the odd semester and even semester exam and become a requirement for class and graduation increase. 2). the implementation of the furudhul Ainiyah memorization is performed on Thursday and Friday nights and Tuesday nights, and can also be done during normal day breaks, 3). The responsible and recipient of the rote deposit are PAI teachers and their homeroom teachers, 4). For students and students who can not read written Al-qur'an is not subject to rote burden, but get special coaching related to Al-Qur'an reading written by the religious coordinator of students. 5). Memory materials include Aqidah, Fiqih or Amaliyah materials, and daily prayers for students of VII and VIII semerter 1 and 2, while for classes IX semesters 1 and 2 cover the material of the Qur'an and Fiqh. 6). (a). Principal, (b). Vice Principal of the curriculum section, (c). Coordinator of students' religious activities, (d). Teacher / teacher of PAI, (e). Homeroom, (e). Student religious coordinator, (f). Student.

Representation of a Human Body: A Comparison Study between Balinese and Javanese Traditional House

Humaniora ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
Anak Agung Ayu Wulandari ◽  
Ade Ariyani Sari Fajarwati
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Architectural Drawing ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
Head Area

The research would look further at the representation of the human body in both Balinese and Javanese traditional houses and compared the function and meaning of each part. To achieve the research aim, which was to evaluate and compare the representation of the human body in Javanese and Balinese traditional houses, a qualitative method through literature and descriptive analysis study was conducted. A comparative study approach would be used with an in-depth comparative study. It would revealed not only the similarities but also the differences between both subjects. The research shows that both traditional houses represent the human body in their way. From the architectural drawing top to bottom, both houses show the same structure that is identical to the human body; head at the top, followed by the body, and feet at the bottom. However, the comparative study shows that each area represents a different meaning. The circulation of the house is also different, while the Balinese house is started with feet and continued to body and head area. Simultaneously, the Javanese house is started with the head, then continued to body, and feet area.

Life cycles of the rhizocephalan Boschmaella japonica Deichmann & Høeg, 1990 (Cirripedia: Chthamalophilidae) and its host barnacle Chthamalus challengeri Hoek, 1883 (Cirripedia: Chthamalidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 825-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miku Yabuta ◽  
Jens T Høeg ◽  
Shigeyuki Yamato ◽  
Yoichi Yusa
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Brood Size ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
The Body ◽  
Egg Volume ◽  
Size Number ◽  
Rhizocephalan Barnacles ◽  
Western Japan ◽  
Upper Intertidal ◽  
Chthamalus Challengeri

Abstract Although parasitic castration is widespread among rhizocephalan barnacles, Boschmaella japonica Deichmann & Høeg, 1990 does not completely sterilise the host barnacle Chthamalus challengeri Hoek, 1883. As little information is available on the relationships with the host in “barnacle-infesting parasitic barnacles” (family Chthamalophilidae), we studied the life cycles of both B. japonica and C. challengeri and the effects of the parasite on the host reproduction. Specimens of C. challengeri were collected from an upper intertidal shore at Shirahama, Wakayama, western Japan from April 2017 to September 2018 at 1–3 mo intervals. We recorded the body size, number of eggs, egg volume, and the presence of the parasite for each host. Moreover, settlement and growth of C. challengeri were followed in two fixed quadrats. Chthamalus challengeri brooded from February to June. The prevalence of B. japonica was high (often exceeded 10%) from April to July, and was rarely observed from September to next spring. The life cycle of the parasite matched well with that of the host. The parasite reduced the host’s brooding rate and brood size, to the extent that no hosts brooded in 2018.

Between Civilization and Savagery: How Reconstruction Era Federal Indian Policy Led to the Indian Wars

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-188
Author(s):  
Boyd Cothran
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Body Politic ◽  
The Body ◽  
Indian Policy ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Indian Reservations ◽  
Federal Indian Policy ◽  
Indian Wars ◽  
Reconstruction Era ◽  
Moral Necessity

Abstract This article considers the event of a single year, 1873, to explain how President Ulysses S. Grant’s federal Indian policy led to the Indian wars of the late nineteenth century. Some historians have argued that Grant’s so-called Peace Policy failed due to systemic mismanagement and corruption; others have suggested it was due to administrative incompetence or ambivalence, while still others have accused the administration of cynicism in its approach to Indigenous affairs. This article argues that the Peace Policy reflected the unresolved tensions inherent in the era’s zeitgeist and that it failed to usher in a lasting peace because it did not account for the enmeshed reality of life in the American West where the boundaries and borders between Indian reservations and settler communities were entangled to say the least. The article begins with a detailed consideration of the Grant administration’s Indian policy as articulated by Francis Amasa Walker in the winter of 1872–73. Largely overlooked by historians of post–Civil War Indian policy, Walker was an influential thinker in his day whose policy recommendations emphasized the moral necessity of proprietary individualism and racial segregation on isolated reservations. The article then turns to the unfolding drama of the Modoc War (1872–73) to explore why the federal government abandoned the project of peacefully incorporating Indigenous people into the body politic, leading to a harsher and more militant approach to Indian affairs. By focusing on the nexus of ideas and events as they played out at this critical historical juncture, this article argues that the Modoc War was the precipitating event that marked the end of Grant’s so-called Peace Policy and the resumption of the Indian wars in the decades following the Civil War.

The locust jump. I. The motor programme

1977 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-219
Author(s):  
W. J. Heitler ◽  
M. Burrows
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Tactile Stimulation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Flexor Muscle ◽  
Tactile Stimuli ◽  
Extensor Muscles ◽  
Trigger Activity ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Motor Programme ◽  
Made In

A motor programme is described for defensive kicking in the locust which is also probably the programme for jumping. The method of analysis has been to make intracellular recordings from the somata of identified motornuerones which control the metathoracic tibiae while defensive kicks are made in response to tactile stimuli. Three stages are recognized in the programme. (1) Initial flexion of the tibiae results from the low spike threshold of tibial flexor motorneurones to tactile stimulation of the body. (2) Co-contraction of flexor and extensor muscles followa in which flexor and extensor excitor motoneurones spike at high frequency for 300-600 ms. the tibia flexed while the extensor muscle develops tension isometrically to the level required for a kick or jump. (3) Trigger activity terminates the co-contraction by inhibiting the flexor excitor motorneurones and simultaneously exciting the flexor inhibitors. This causes relaxation of the flexor muscle and allows the tibiae to extend. If the trigger activity does not occur, the jump or kick is aborted, and the tibiae remain flexed.

From Hard-Copy to Digital Law via “Illustrated Courtrooms”: Visualising the History of Legal English

Pólemos ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Nicolini
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Body Politic ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hard Copy ◽  
Legal Language ◽  
History Of ◽  
Judicial Proceedings ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
The Law ◽  
Digital Law

Abstract This essay addresses different patterns of the visualisation of the law. It examines how scholars attempt to depict, represent, and perform the law and its founding authority. It also focuses on the pragmatics of legal language: written and spoken standard legal English are pragmatically enriched within contexts where the law is interpreted, uttered, or performed. The linguistic notion of “context” discloses the interrelations between the agendas of law and power and reveals how the law conveys its content to the body politic as its ultimate addressee. It then proposes a renewed concept of legal linguistics. In order to determine the different ideologies underpinning the evolution of English legal language, as well as its prototypical forms of the visualisation of the law, three stages in the history of the English language will be examined: Late Middle English, Early Modern English, and Contemporary English. Each of these stages will be likened to the different parts of judicial proceedings. This will allow us to examine how English legal language has been used in a specific context, the trial, where the law is both uttered and performed.

Life Cycle Comparison of Two Options for MSW Management in Puerto Rico: Thermal Treatment vs. Modern Landfilling

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giselle Balaguer-Da´tiz ◽  
Nikhil Krishnan
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Life Cycle Inventory ◽  
Landfill Gas ◽  
The Body ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Msw Management ◽  
Wide Range

The management of municipal solid wastes (MSW) in Puerto Rico is becoming increasingly challenging. In recent years, several of the older landfills have closed due to lack of compliance with federal landfill requirements. Puerto Rico is an island community and there is limited space for construction of new landfills. Furthermore, Puerto Rico residents generate more waste per capita than people living on the continental US. Thermal treatment, or waste to energy (WTE) technologies are therefore a promising option for MSW management. It is critical to consider environmental impacts when making decisions related to MSW management. In this paper we quantify and compare the environmental implications of thermal treatment of MSW with modern landfilling for Puerto Rico from a life cycle perspective. The Caguas municipality is currently considering developing a thermal treatment plant. We compare this to an expansion of a landfill site in the Humacao municipality, which currently receives waste from Caguas. The scope of our analysis includes a broad suite of activities associated with management of MSW. We include: (i) the transportation of MSW; (ii) the impacts of managing waste (e.g., landfill gas emissions and potential aqueous run-off with landfills; air emissions of metals, dioxins and greenhouse gases) and (iii) the implications of energy and materials offsets from the waste management process (e.g., conversion of landfill gas to electricity, electricity produced in thermal treatment, and materials recovered from thermal treatment ash). We developed life cycle inventory models for different waste management processes, incorporating information from a wide range of sources — including peer reviewed life cycle inventory databases, the body of literature on environmental impact of waste management, and site-specific factors for Puerto Rico (e.g. waste composition, rainfall patterns, electricity mix). We managed uncertainty in data and models by constructing different scenarios for both technologies based on realistic ranges of emission factors. The results show that thermal treatment of the unrecyclable part of the waste stream is the preferred option for waste management when compared to modern landfilling. Furthermore, Eco-indicator 99 method is used to investigate the human health, ecosystem quality and resource use impact categories.

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