scholarly journals Evaluation of in vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic potential of extracts from Phaseolus vulgaris L. seeds (Black turtle beans)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Balkisu Oyeronke Abdulrahman ◽  
Muntari Bala ◽  
Bello Oluwasesan
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Antioxidant Assays ◽  
Solvent Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Introduction: Phaseolus vulgaris L also known as common beans or black turtle beans are known worldwide as the most important legume for direct human consumption. Many parts of the plant are known to have important pharmacological potential against many diseases including diabetes. Despite the importance of this legume, P. vulgaris remains an underutilized and under-researched legume in Nigeria. Its therapeutic potential is being overlooked and undermined due to insufficient data on its bioactivity. These bioactive compounds present in some plant derived foods are found as fraction, crude extract, and isolated bioactive compounds that have been screened for antioxidative and antidiabetic potential.  Several plant-derived foods and isolated bioactive compounds with potential antidiabetic properties are very limited.Objective: To investigate and estimate the antioxidative and antidiabetic effect of the different solvent extracts of P. vulgaris seed in vitro. Methods: Samples were subjected to antioxidant assays using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing power and 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) Anti-diabetic potential in vitro was estimated by evaluating various solvent extracts on α-amylase and α-glucosidase for any inhibitory effects at doses ranging from (100-500μg/ml). Characterization of possible bioactive constituent in the different solvent extract was done using FTIR spectroscopy.Results: Aqueous extract showed a higher number of total polyphenol (11.3 ± 0.01mg/gGAE) and anthocyanin content of 76.34 ± 1.12 mg/g when compared with the other solvent extract. This was followed closely by the ethanol extract with a value of 7.3±0.01Mg and 74.53 ± 0.24 Mg/g. Ascorbic acid had a significantly higher (P<0.05) activity in the antioxidant assays used. However, among the solvent extracts tested, ethanol extract displayed highest (P<0.05) for ferric reducing power activity, (80.78±0.6mg/ml), ethyl acetate, aqueous and ethanol extracts had similar DPPH activities (12.92±2.30 mg/ml, 12.59±2.33 mg/ml and 12.54±2.30mg/ml) respectively. Dichloromethane, hexane, ethanol and ethyl acetate had similar ABTS activities. (5.69±2.86 mg/ml; 6.92±0.14 mg/ml; 10.10±1.11 mg/ml; 10.76±2.98 mg/ml) respectively. All solvent extracts displayed similar inhibitory activities against α amylase. However, ethyl acetate, aqueous and ethanol extracts showed significantly (P<0.05) higher values for α-glucosidase (3.07±0.61mg/ml; 2.82±0.14mg/ml; 2.60±0.61mg/ml). The Fourier Transform infra-red spectrophotometer (FTIR) of the extracts disclosed that the presence of polyphenol and flavonoids were due to the OH stretching and the terpenes were due to the C-H group. Conclusion: In conclusion, different solvent extracts from the seed of Phaseolus vulgaris have demonstrated low antioxidative but very promising anti –diabetic activities in vitro. The ethanol extract however displayed higher activity than other solvent extracts, FT-IR results of ethanol extracts revealed the presence of flavonoids, anthocyanins and phenolics. This study may further suggest that seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris signify a functional food as well as a nutraceutical in terms of managing of Type 2 diabetes.Keyword: Phaseolus vulgaris, α amylase, α glucosidase, antioxidative

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF ETHYL ACETATE AND ETHANOL EXTRACTS OF CALLICARPA MACROPHYLLA

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
GANESH N SHARMA ◽  
HARJINDER KAUR ◽  
BIRENDRA SHRIVASTAVA ◽  
SATISH CHANDER ARORA
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
World Health ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
In Vitro Antioxidant Activity

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate and compare the antioxidant activity of (EA and E) ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts of (CM) Callicarpa macrophylla. Methods: The physiochemical parameters were assessed according to guidelines given by the world health organization. The total content of phenols and flavonoids was assessed by Folin–Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride methods. In vitro, antioxidant activity was screened by (DPPH) 1, 1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl and(H2O2) hydrogen peroxide scavenging and reducing power assay. Results: The physicochemical parameters fulfilled the standards of WHO guidelines. Total phenol and flavonoid content were more in ethanol extract as compared to ethyl acetate extract of CM. The antioxidant activity of ethanol extract was further high as compared to ethyl acetate extract of Callicarpa macrophylla. The IC50 of Callicarpa macrophylla ethanol extract was less than the ethyl acetate extract. So, more antioxidant activity of ethanol extract compared to ethyl acetate extract of CM. Conclusion: Overall, both the extracts showed antioxidant activity and can be used further for diseases that can be managed using antioxidants. Ethanol extract possessed significant antioxidant effects than the ethyl acetate extract.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF CAMELLIA MISTLETOE (KORTHALSELLA JAPONICA) EXTRACTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 400
Author(s):  
Min Young Kim
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Total Carotenoid ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Mistletoe Extracts ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Objective: This study was aimed to analyze the methanol or ethanol extract of Camellia mistletoe (Korthalsella japonica) growing in Jeju Island, Korea, for their composition of phenolics, flavonoids, and their antioxidant activity.Methods: Total flavonoid, total carotenoid and L-ascorbic acid contents were determined by using colorimetric assays, and the antioxidant attributes of the methanol and Camellia mistletoe extracts were assayed using in vitro models, including the following: Free radical (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, O2-• and NO•)scavenging, reducing power, and chelating ferrous ions.Results: Total flavonoid, total carotenoid and L-ascorbic acid contents were 20.3 and 14.9 mg RE/100 g, 4.4 and 1.7 mg/100 g, and 0.4 and 1.4 mg AA/100 g in the methanol and ethanol extracts of Camellia mistletoe, respectively. Based on IC50 values, both extracts were also found to possess potent antioxidant activities.Conclusions: Camellia mistletoe extracts could be the good antioxidant source and holds promise as a natural ingredient in functional food and pharmaceutical supplement.

Preliminary phytochemical screening, antimicrobial potentials and GC-MS analysis of Secamone afzelli Rhoem (Asclepiadaceae) leaves extracts

2020 ◽  
pp. 3728-3738
Author(s):  
Oladapo E. Oyinloye ◽  
Olumuyiwa. S. Alabi
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Gastro Intestinal Tract

Secamone afzelli is used ethno-medicinally as remedies for stomach, colic and gastro-intestinal tract infections. This study screened the hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts of S. afzelli leaves for phytocompounds, antimicrobial activity and identified bioactive compounds in the most active extract using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. S. afzelli (200mg) leave was extracted by soxhlet apparatus using three solvents (hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol) and the phytochemicals determined. Antimicrobial susceptibility and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) was determined by agar-diffusion and agar-dilution methods respectively against selected resistant bacterial and fungal clinical isolates. The most active of the three crude extracts was analysed by GC-MS for bioactive compounds identification. Presence of carbohydrates, anthraquinone, glycosides, proteins, tannin, phenolic compounds and steroids were determined. The three extracts (hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol extracts) had antibacterial (Range of inhibition zone = 10 to 18 mm and MICs 12.5 to 200 mg/mL) but no antifungal activity. The ethanol extract was the most active with 29 bioactive compounds including piperazine, phytol, leucine methyl ester, N-methyl-N-(1-methylethyl)- 1Pentanamine, 7-propyl-pyrrolizin-1-thione and 4,5-dimethylnonane. The antibacterial activity and arrays of bioactive compounds detected in S. afzelli leaves suggest that the plant may be a good source of novel antimicrobial compounds.

scholarly journals IN VITRO ANTI-DIABETIC AND ANTI-OXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF TINOSPORA SINENSIS

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anindita Banerjee ◽  
Bithin Maji ◽  
Sandip Mukherjee ◽  
Kausik Chaudhuri ◽  
Tapan Seal
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Inhibitory Activities ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the alpha (α)-amylase and alpha (α)-glucosidase inhibitory activities and in vitro antioxidant activities of the 80 % aqueous ethanol extracts of Tinosporasinensis Lour (Merr.).Methods: The 80% aq. ethanol extract of the plant was prepared. The plant extract was examined for its antioxidant activity by using free radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging method, ABTS radical scavenging ability, reducing power capacity, estimation of total phenolic content, flavonoid content and flavonol content. Different concentrations (2, 4, 8,10and 15 μg/ml) of the extract was subjected to α-amylase inhibitory and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities and IC50were calculated.Results: The study revealed that the different concentrations of the plant extract possessed a very good amount of total phenolics, flavonoid and flavonol and exhibited potent radical scavenging activity using DPPH and ABTS as a substrate. The ethanol extracts exhibited significant α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities with an IC50 value1.093µg and 1.04µg dry extract respectively and well compared with standard acarbose drug.Conclusion: Thus, it could be concluded that due to the presence of antioxidant components the plant extracts could be used for the treatment of hyperglycemia, diabetes and the related condition of oxidative stress. This knowledge will be useful in finding more potent components from the natural resources for the clinical development of antidiabetic therapeutics.

scholarly journals Phytopharmacological Evaluation of Different Solvent Extract/Fractions From Sphaeranthus indicus L. Flowers: From Traditional Therapies to Bioactive Compounds

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafiz Ibtesam Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Faisal Nadeem ◽  
Haji Muhammad Shoaib Khan ◽  
Muhammad Sarfraz ◽  
Hammad Saleem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Sphaeranthus Indicus

Sphaeranthus indicus L. is a medicinal herb having widespread traditional uses for treating common ailments. The present research work aims to explore the in-depth phytochemical composition and in vitro reactivity of six different polarity solvents (methanol, n-hexane, benzene, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol) extracts/fractions of S. indicus flowers. The phytochemical composition was accomplished by determining total bioactive contents, HPLC-PDA polyphenolic quantification, and UHPLC-MS secondary metabolomics. The reactivity of the phenolic compounds was tested through the following biochemical assays: antioxidant (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, CUPRAC, phosphomolybdenum, and metal chelation) and enzyme inhibition (AChE, BChE, α-glucosidase, α-amylase, urease, and tyrosinase) assays were performed. The methanol extract showed the highest values for phenolic (94.07 mg GAE/g extract) and flavonoid (78.7 mg QE/g extract) contents and was also the most active for α-glucosidase inhibition as well as radical scavenging and reducing power potential. HPLC-PDA analysis quantified rutin, naringenin, chlorogenic acid, 3-hydroxybenzoic acid, gallic acid, and epicatechin in a significant amount. UHPLC-MS analysis of methanol and ethyl acetate extracts revealed the presence of well-known phytocompounds; most of these were phenolic, flavonoid, and glycoside derivatives. The ethyl acetate fraction exhibited the highest inhibition against tyrosinase and urease, while the n-hexane fraction was most active for α-amylase. Moreover, principal component analysis highlighted the positive correlation between bioactive compounds and the tested extracts. Overall, S. indicus flower extracts were found to contain important phytochemicals, hence could be further explored to discover novel bioactive compounds that could be a valid starting point for future pharmaceutical and nutraceuticals applications.

scholarly journals Antileishmanial and cytotoxic activities of four Andean plant extracts from Colombia

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2178-2182
Author(s):  
Wilson Cardona-G ◽  
Sara Robledo ◽  
Fernando Alzate ◽  
Andrés F. Yepes ◽  
Cristian Hernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Leishmania Panamensis ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

Background and Aim: Licania salicifolia (L.S) Cuatrec., Persea ferruginea (P.F) Kunth, Oreopanax floribundus (O.F), and Psychotria buchtienii (P.B) belong to the families Chrysobalanaceae, Lauraceae, Araliaceae, and Rubiaceae, respectively, which have been used as medicines by communities in the Andes. This study evaluated the leishmanicidal and cytotoxic activities of alcohol and non-alcohol extracts from four Andean plant extracts (L.S, O.F, P.F, and P.B). Materials and Methods: Extracts were obtained by percolation with solvents of different polarities – hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol. Phytochemical screening was conducted based on reported methods. All products were evaluated in vitro to determine the leishmanicidal activity against amastigotes of Leishmania panamensis and cytotoxicity against U937 cells. Results: Flavonoids, triterpenes, and tannins were the main secondary metabolites found. From the results, dichloromethane extracts from O.F and P.B, ethanol extract from P.B, and ethyl acetate extracts of all plants were active, with EC50 <30 μg/mL. Ethyl acetate was the most active extract, which showed EC50 values of 9.8, 14.1, 23.7, and 25.5 μg/mL, for L.S, P.B, O.F, and P.F, respectively. Hexane extracts from P.B and O.F exhibited moderate activity with EC50 values of 84.8 and 87.4 μg/mL, respectively. Hexane and ethanol extracts from O.F, ethyl acetate, and ethanol extracts from L.S, and all extracts from P.F were not toxic. Alternatively, hexane and dichloromethane extracts from L.S and P.B as well as dichloromethane and ethyl acetate extracts from O.F displayed high toxicity. Conclusion: Based on the activity we observed, ethyl acetate extract can continue in its usage in the search for new antileishmanial drugs, mainly ethyl acetate extract from L.S showed activity comparable to meglumine antimoniate and was not cytotoxic.

scholarly journals In Vitro Assessment of Antiplasmodial and Antitrypanosomal Activities of Chloroform, Ethyl Acetate and Ethanol Leaf Extracts of Oedera genistifolia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 6987
Author(s):  
Kunle Okaiyeto ◽  
Anthony I. Okoh
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Hela Cells ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Resistance Evolution ◽  
Crude Extracts

The high resistance evolution of protozoans to the existing antiparasitic drugs has necessitated the quest for novel and effective drugs against plasmodium and trypanosome parasites. As a result, this study aimed to assess the antiplasmodial and antitrypanosomal potentials of chloroform, ethyl acetate and ethanol leaf extracts of Oedera genistifolia. Standard biochemical procedures were explored for the plant extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GCMS) was used to identify the bioactive compounds in the crude extracts. The cytotoxic effects of the crude extracts were assessed against human cervix adenocarcinoma (HeLa cells) and their antiparasitic activities were investigated against Plasmodium falciparum strain 3D7 and Trypanosoma brucei brucei. GCMS analyses of the crude extracts revealed the bioactive compounds that could be responsible for the biological activities. The extracts had no cytotoxic effect on HeLa cells and demonstrated good antiplasmodial activity (chloroform extract: IC50 = 11.6 µg∙mL−1, ethyl acetate extract: IC50 = 3.3 µg∙mL−1 and ethanol extract: IC50 = 3.7 µg∙mL−1). Likewise, they showed excellent antitrypanosomal activity with IC50 = 0.5 µg∙mL−1 for chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts and IC50 = 0.4 µg∙mL−1 for the ethanol extract. Findings from the present study indicated that O. genistifolia could be a good source of strong antiplasmodial and antitrypanosomal agents.

scholarly journals Identification of Bioactive Compounds and α-Glucosidase Inhibition Activity of Caesalpinia bonduc Seed Extract In vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-20
Author(s):  
Oczhinvia Dwitasari ◽  
Djarot Sasongko Hami Seno ◽  
Mega Safithri
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Competitive Inhibition ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Inhibition Mechanism ◽  
Inhibition Activity ◽  
Positive Results

This study is aimed for finding alternative ways to treat diabetes. Many studies have beendone before, but focused on identification of α-glucosidase inhibition mechanism. This study wasconducted by extracting Caesalpinia bonduc seed using two methods maceration by ethanol 96%and the others boil by water. The ethanol extract was then fractioned into three fractions, n-hexane,ethyl acetate, and ethanol. To find the bioactive compounds, the ethanol extract was then tested byseveral phytochemistry tests. The phytochemistry test showed positive results for alkaloid, flavonoid,saponin and triterpenoid. The inhibition mechanism was tested using pNPG. The inhibition testshown that the mechanism was a competitive inhibition, by the Dixon plot. The calculated inhibitionconcentrations for 50% substrate (IC50) for ethyl acetate fraction are 1655.8079 μg/ml for 5 mMsubstrate and 803.9521 μg/ml for 10 mM substrate. From the results of this study, we concluded thatthe extract of Caesalpinia bonduc has inhibition activity toward α-glucosidase enzyme. Keywords: α-glucosidase inhibition, Caesalpinia bonduc seed extract, diabetes treatment

scholarly journals Antioxidant Evaluation and Polyphenol Contents of Hydro Ethanolic Extract’s Fractions from Ephedra nebrodensis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5-s) ◽  
pp. 314-319
Author(s):  
Meriem Hamoudi ◽  
Djouher Amroun ◽  
Seddik Khennouf ◽  
Saliha Dahamna
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Reducing Power Assay

Ephedra nebrodensis, is a medicinal plant, traditionally in Algeria used for the cure of various ailments such as hepatic disorders. On this basis in present study the phytochemical screening and in vitro antioxidant activity of various fractions (n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water) of ethanol extract obtained by maceration from aerial parts of E. nebrodensis were investigated. Different fractions were accessed for their yield percentage, total polyphenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), total tannins content (TTC) and antioxidant potential (DPPH - 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl; ABTS - 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid), reducing power assay (FRAP - ferric reducing antioxidant power activity),and bleaching of β-carotene test . Results showed that ethyl acetate fraction (EF) represents the highest amount of total polyphenols, flavonoids and tannins with 269.669 ± 0.031 µg gallic acid equivalent/mg of DE, 44.507 ± 0.003 µg quercetin equivalents/mg of DE and 228.487 ± 1.362 µg tannic acid equivalents/mg of DE, respectively. In antioxidant assays, ethyl acetate fractions (EF) showed the strongest DPPH and ABTS antioxidant (IC50: 0.009 and 0.004 µg/mL) and FRAP potential (EC50: 0.005 ± 0.000 µg/mL), which significantly correlate to its high content of polyphenolics, flavonoids and tannins. Further, fractions were rich in phenolic compounds. The present results support the possible use of the ethyl acetate fraction from E. nebrodensis in pharmaceutical industries as a natural antioxidant. Keywords: Ephedra nebrodensis, polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, antioxidant capacity.

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