scholarly journals Personalized CAPTCHA Using Cognitive Cryptography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radhika ◽  
Somasundaram.S K ◽  
Sivakumar.P
Keyword(s):  
User Authentication ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Semantic Content ◽  
Authentication Code ◽  
Visual Elements ◽  
Specific Skill ◽  
Verification Process ◽  
High Level

Cognitive Cryptography is used to improve personal verification process using the individual’s characteristics. The personal information contained can be biometrics because it is the unique information that identifies the owner. In advanced cryptographic protocol oriented for authentication of user, there is a possibility of using personal characteristics and perception abilities are required to create a new authentication procedure. This paper presents a new approach for creation of advanced multilevel user authentication protocol by using Image grid CAPTCHA codes. Here the user needs the special skills or knowledge while verifying, this is because of cognitive CAPTCHA’s. Instead of generating some random numbers or text while authentication procedure these CAPTCHA’s can be used. In multilevel authentication code the user verification can be realized in several iterations, in which the user attention can be oriented on different visual elements, region of interest or semantic content. This cognitive code will able to identify the recognition abilities of the user. Cognitive codes are having high security feature similar to traditional CAPTCHA’s because of understanding or recognizing the blurred or distorted patterns and also requires background knowledge to experience the connection with evaluated patterns. This feature guarantees the high level of security and allows to get succeeded in authentication process because the user possess specific skill that or not available for computers or answering systems. The traditional authentication protocols are to be involved with human mental capability is the vital idea of the proposed solution.

scholarly journals Profitability and Executive Board Turnover in Russian Banks

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-65
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Kudryashova ◽  
Sergey Solntsev
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Turnover Rate ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Executive Turnover ◽  
Corporate Accountability ◽  
Accounting Data ◽  
High Level

This paper examines profitability as a factor in the turnover of poorly-performing executives in Russian banks, andhow this acts as a mechanism of good corporate governance. It is intended to identify and measure the relative effectsof different determinants on executive turnover, and thus highlight the practical sets of circumstances where turnoveris most likely. A relatively unique perspective on the study of corporate governance, we intend to demonstrate anaspect of corporate accountability for commercial performance and shed light on high-level manifestations of reactivemanagement practices.In order to construct the most realistic and robust analysis, we will take into account the idiosyncracies of the companiesand individuals involved in this process, and also consider the influence of external economic and social developmentswhere appropriate. The empirical data in this research consists of 3251 observations concerning members of theexecutive boards of the 50 largest Russian banks from 2005 till 2014. Contemporary accounting data and other financialand economic indicators for these companies is weighed alongside personal information about the banks executives.Descriptive statistics and econometric approaches are utilised in order to parse the provided data and construct acomprehensive explanatory model. Our interpretative process includes the application of probit regressions and OLSpanel regressions with fixed effects.The results of this evaluation may be summarised as follows. We found out that a decrease in return on equity (ROE)and a decrease in return on assets (ROA) leads to a higher probability of executive turnover. Changes in the EBITDA tototal assets ratio did not correlate with executive turnover probability. State-controlled banks showed a higher executiveturnover rate. A greater turnover rate during pre-crisis 2006-2007 may have been caused by banks’ demand for newexecutives, in their ambition to attain extensive growth. A higher turnover rate in 2014 could have been inspired by theeconomic sanctions again Russia, or influenced by a recent policy of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation aimingat a “clearance” of the banking system. Finally, it was demonstrated that personal characteristics of the members of theexecutive boards did not have a significant influence on executive turnover probability.This study contributes to the limited literature in the area by analysing the determinants of turnover of members of theexecutive boards of banks depending on the profitability of banks and other characteristics. This is the first study of thiskind, based on extensive Russian data which allows for the appraisal of the mechanisms of corporate governance. Whilea primary limitation of this study is that only large banks were included in the sample, the very presentation of theseconclusions carries significant weight in terms of defining methodological parameters for future research. This area isripe for further investigation. For example, it is immediately apparent that the results may be very different for small ormedium-sized banks, let alone other kinds of financial and commercial institutions.

Investigation about self-esteem levels of athletes who have been educated in different sports branches according to some variables: A study on physically handicapped individuals

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-140
Author(s):  
Taner Bozkuş ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Self ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Physically Disabled ◽  
Purposeful Sampling ◽  
Secondary School Graduate ◽  
High Level ◽  
Physically Handicapped

This study aimed to examine the self-esteem of those who did sports in physically disabled individuals by some variables. Based on this aim, the study was designed quantitatively. In this descriptive research, the general survey model that is coherent with the main purpose was used. The study group of the research consisted of 140 individuals aged 18 and over who had physical disabilities and actively engage in sports. Purposeful sampling approaches and easily accessible sampling methods were used in the selection of the study group. The scale form was used to collect research data. The scale form consisted of two parts. In the first part of this form, there was a personal information form containing information about the participants and in the second part, there was the "Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale" developed by Rosenberg (1965) and adapted into Turkish by Çuhadaroğlu (1986). This form was applied to the participants on a voluntary basis, on the internet between 13.05.2020 and 03.06.2020. Necessary explanations were made to the participants while filling the form and they were provided to answer correctly. In this study, the self-esteem of physically disabled athletes was examined according to some variables. The research group consisted of 140 participants; 42 (30.0%) of them were female and 98 (70.0%) of them were male and the number of male participants was approximate twice the number of female participants. It was found that 18 (12.9%) participants were graduated from elementary and secondary schools, 59 (42.1%) from high school, and 63 (45%) from college, and the number of the participants belonging to the group consisted of graduates from high school and college were approximately four times more than the participants from the elementary and secondary school graduate group. It was determined that 9 (13.6%) of the participants had low, 105 (75%) had medium and 16 (11.4%) had a high level of income. It was observed that 83 (59.3%) of the participants were congenitally disabled and 57 (40.7%) of the participants disabled after birth and the number of congenitally disabled participants approximately 1.5 times more than the number of participants with disabilities after birth. It was determined that the number of participants who were national athletes was approximately 2.5 times those who were not. Among the variables examined, it was seen that there was only a statistically positive and low-level significant relationship between the sports age variable and the self-esteem mean score of the participants (r = .147; p < 0.05). In this context, as the age of the participants increased, the self-esteem of the participants also increased. As a result, it was determined that there was a positive correlation between the age of starting sports and self-esteem in physically disabled individuals, and individuals who started sports at an early age had a higher rate than other individuals.

SPECIAL ASPECTS OF SELF-ADJUSTMENT OF MILITARY UNIVERSITY CADETS WITH DIFFERENT PERFORMANCE LEVELS

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
I. S. Morozova ◽  
◽  
E. A. Pronin ◽  
M. E. Pronina ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Performance Levels ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Military Institute ◽  
High Level

The search for ways to increase the efficiency of educational and professional activities of students during the period of study at a military university remains relevant at present. The provision of optimal methods for the students’ professional competencies formation considering their personality dimensions at the shortage of study time has particular importance. The subject of the research is the special aspects of self-adjustment of cadets with different performance levels. The study aims at identifying the features of voluntary self-adjustment and personal characteristics of cadets with different academic performance levels in technical disciplines at a military university. The authors determined the theoretical approaches to the study of self-adjustment as personal property, mental state, and conditions for the successful activity. The paper includes the systematization of the ideas of the self-adjustment role in the process of educational and professional activity. The authors theoretically substantiate the necessity of considering the peculiarities of self-adjustment of cadets of a military higher education institution manifested in the subjective focus on particular phenomena. The paper presents data on the respondents, which includes ninety-one first-year cadets of Novosibirsk Military Institute. The authors substantiate the division of respondents into groups with high and low levels of academic performance. The study identified special aspects of self-control of military university cadets with different levels of academic performance manifested in the orientation of voluntary self-adjustment. The authors determined the features of voluntary self-adjustment of cadets with a high level of academic performance manifested in the presence of the pronounced perseverance in educational activities, friendliness towards fellow students, and the pronounced cognitive need; identified features of voluntary self-adjustment of cadets with a low level of academic performance manifested in the lack of self-control and critical assessment of actions, ignoring their mistakes, and the desire to dominate in interpersonal relations.

Conspicuous consumption of luxury experiences: an experimental investigation of status perceptions on social media

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolin Siepmann ◽  
Lisa Carola Holthoff ◽  
Pascal Kowalczuk
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Conspicuous Consumption ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Luxury Goods ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Status ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level

Purpose As luxury goods are losing their importance for demonstrating status, wealth or power to others, individuals are searching for alternative status symbols. Recently, individuals have increasingly used conspicuous consumption and displays of experiences on social media to obtain affirmation. This study aims to analyze the effects of luxury and nonluxury experiences, as well as traditional luxury goods on status- and nonstatus-related dimensions. Design/methodology/approach After presenting the theoretical foundation, the authors conduct a study with 599 participants to compare status perceptions elicited by the conspicuous consumption of luxury goods, luxury experiences and nonluxury experiences. The authors investigate whether experiences that are visibly consumed on Instagram are replacing traditional luxury goods as the most important status symbols. Furthermore, the authors examine the effects of the content shown on nonstatus-related dimensions and analyze whether status perceptions differ between female and male social media communicators. Finally, the authors analyze how personal characteristics (self-esteem, self-actualization and materialism) influence the status perceptions of others on social media. Findings The results show that luxury goods are still the most important means of displaying status. However, especially for women, luxury experiences are also associated with a high level of social status. Thus, the results imply important gender differences in the perceptions of status- and nonstatus-related dimensions. Furthermore, the findings indicate that, in particular, the individual characteristics of self-actualization and materialism affect status perceptions depending on the posted content. Originality/value While the research has already considered some alternative forms of conspicuous consumption, little attention has been given to experiences as status symbols. However, with their growing importance as substitutes for luxury goods and the rise of social media, the desire to conspicuously consume experiences is increasing. The authors address this gap in the literature by focusing on the conspicuous display of luxury and nonluxury experiences on social media.

Secured Medical Image Hashing Based on Frequency Domain with Chaotic Map

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (5A) ◽  
pp. 711-722
Author(s):  
Amira K. Jabbar ◽  
Ashwaq T. Hashim ◽  
Qusay F. Al-Doori
Keyword(s):  
Medical Image ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Chaotic Map ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Image Hashing ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
Hash Algorithm ◽  
Frequency Domains ◽  
Hash Code ◽  
Shift Keying

Recently, online-medicine got increased global interest, particularly during COVID19 pandemic. Data protection is important in the medical field since when promoting telemedicine applications, it is necessary to protect the patient data and personal information. A secured process is needed to transmit medical images over the Internet. In this paper hash algorithm is employed to protect the data by using powerful features from the coupled frequency domains of the Slantlet Transformation (SLT) and the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT). The Region of Interest (ROI) is localized from an MRI image then extraction of a feature set is performed for calculating the hash code. Then, hash code is enciphered to maintain security by employing a secure Chaotic Shift Keying (CSK). The suggested method of security is ensured by the strength of the CSK and the encryption key secrecy.  A detailed analysis was conducted using 1000 uncompressed images that were chosen randomly from a publicly available AANLIB database. The proposed methodology can be useful for JPEG compression. Also, this method could resist many attacks of image processing likes filtering, noise addition, and some geometric transforms.

scholarly journals Social responsability in vocational guidance in Argentina

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
Andrea Ferrero
Keyword(s):  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Structural Complexity ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Vocational Guidance ◽  
Professional Responsibility ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Ethical Standards ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
High Level

The beginning of the vocational guidance in Argentina was based on detecting personal characteristics regarding working abilities, and many social aspects were considered in the assessment process. In this country, increasing social exclusion as a product of poverty, lack of opportunities, unemployment and poor level of education, have introduced new aspects in vocational guidance considerations related to this new set of high level structural complexity. The professional responsibility in providing vocational guidance in such context is analyzed considering two kinds of sources: ethical standards of psychology, and specific competencies of vocational guidance.

scholarly journals The Effect of Attribute Alignability on Product Purchase: The Moderating Role of Product Familiarity and Self-Construal

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Yuwen Wen ◽  
Min Hou
Keyword(s):  
Structural Alignment ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Product Positioning ◽  
Self Construal ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Product Familiarity ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Moderating Role

Previous studies on the Structural Alignment Model suggest that people compare the alignable attributes and nonalignable attributes during the decision-making process and preference formation process. Alignable attributes are easier to process and more effective in clue extracting. Thus, it is believed that people rely more on alignable than nonalignable attributes when comparing alternatives. This article supposes that consumers’ product experience and personal characteristics also play a significant role in regulating consumers’ reliance on attribute alignability. The authors conducted three experiments to examine the moderating role of consumers’ product familiarity and self-construal in the impact of attribute alignability on consumer product purchase. The results show the following: (1) When making a purchase decision, consumers with a high level of product familiarity will rely more on nonalignable attributes, while those with a low level of product familiarity will rely more on alignable attributes. (2) The difference in consumer dependency on attribute alignability is driven by their perceived diagnosticity of attributes. (3) The dependency of consumers with different levels of familiarity on attribute alignability will be further influenced by consumers’ self-construal. Individuals with interdependent self-construal rely more on alignable attributes when unfamiliar with the product, while relying more on nonalignable attributes when familiar with the product. Individuals with independent self-construal, however, rely more on nonalignable attributes regardless of the degree of product familiarity. The conclusions of this paper can be used as references for enterprises to establish product positioning and communication strategies.

scholarly journals Autonomy Levels of Nursing Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-269
Author(s):  
şefika dilek güven
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Quality Care ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Level

Autonomy is one of the vocational criteria of the nursing profession and is essential for safe and quality care. Nurses begin to learn the knowledge, skills, attitudes, and values associated with their professional roles during their school years. Nursing students should primarily have a high level of autonomy to protect and improve individuals’ health, and enhance their life quality in the future. This descriptive study was carried out with 285 nursing students to determine their autonomy levels. The study data were collected using a personal information form and the autonomy subscale (AS) of the Sociotropy-Autonomy Scale. For the analysis of the data, numbers, percentages, mean and standard deviation values, Mann-Whitney U, and Kruskal Wallis tests were employed, and the significance level was accepted as p <0.05. The mean total score of the students obtained from AS was 103.65 ± 18.34. Their scores from the subscales of AS were 42.68 ± 8.16 for “personal achievement”, 40.77 ± 7.70 for “freedom”, and 20.20 ± 4.70 for “enjoying loneliness”. The mean total score of the first-grade students was found to be higher than that of other grades, but the difference was not statistically significant (p> 0.05). The autonomy level of the students was found to be above the middle level, and the autonomy level of 1st-grade students was higher than that of the students in other grades.

scholarly journals Preexposure prophylaxis comprehension and the certainty of willingness to use preexposure prophylaxis among men who have sex with men in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Wei Zheng ◽  
Jia-Ling Qiu ◽  
Jing Gu ◽  
Hui-Fang Xu ◽  
Wei-Bin Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Chinese Men ◽  
Preexposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
High Level ◽  
Willingness To Use ◽  
Basic Level

Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is not available in China and the willingness to use PrEP among Chinese men who have sex with men (MSM) is not clear. The aim of this study was to better understand the association between PrEP comprehension and the willingness to use PrEP under varying conditions among MSM. An online survey investigating personal characteristics, PrEP comprehension, and PrEP willingness among MSM was conducted. A third of respondents (36.2%, 196 out of 541) reported that they would like to use PrEP. Compared with MSM with a basic level of PrEP comprehension, MSM with a high level were more likely to report clear choices: a willingness or unwillingness to use PrEP (82.4% versus 65.7%, p <0.01). Among 350 MSM willing to use PrEP or uncertain about uptake, those with a high level of PrEP comprehension were more likely to use PrEP daily (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.71, 95% confidence interval 1.04–2.80), and to use PrEP with mild or other side effects (AOR = 2.72 or 2.77). A high level of PrEP comprehension is a key factor in urging MSM to use PrEP under varying conditions. Our findings call attention to the need for health education to improve PrEP comprehension.

Describing the Competence Perception Levels of Physical Education and Sports Teachers in Integrative Practices: Kirşehir Province Example

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Turan Başkonuş ◽  
Vahit Çiriş
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Inclusive Practices ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Data Collection Process ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Level ◽  
Voluntary Basis

The objective of this research study is to describe the competence perception levels of physical education and sports teachers in integrative practices. The participants of the study were the physical education and sports teachers actively working in Kırşehir province who participated on a voluntary basis. In this research, the survey model was used. In the data collection process of the study, &ldquo;Personal Information Form&rdquo; and &ldquo;Teacher Adequacy Scale in Inclusive Practices&rdquo; were used. For testing the research data, the significance level was accepted as 0.05. In the analysis of the data, the items of the sub-problem were grouped, and independent samples t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), were used in the scale together with descriptive statistics such as frequency (f), percentage (%), weighted average (X) and standard deviation (SD), and Mann Whitney U and Kruskall Wallis techniques were used for the sub-dimensions. The results of the research demonstrated that physical education and sports teachers have a high level of competence perception in inclusive practices. It was also determined that there was statistically no significant difference among the competence perception levels of teachers in inclusive practices concerning gender, professional experience, working location, and educational status.

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