scholarly journals Microbial control of river pollution during COVID-19 pandemic based on big data analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 8937-8942
Author(s):  
Hao Yan
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Microbial Control ◽  
Mathematical Expression ◽  
River Pollution ◽  
Difficult Problem ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Microbial Proliferation ◽  
And Control

Under the influence of epidemic situation, the treatment of pollutants is stricter. After the epidemic, how to treat the river pollutants by microorganisms has become a difficult problem. In this paper, the microbial treatment technology of water pollution was studied, and the water quality model was used to simulate the process of microbial degradation of river pollutants. The dynamic equation is used to describe the relationship among microbial proliferation, removal of organic pollutants, change of dissolved oxygen concentration, different forms of nitrogen and different forms of phosphorus, so as to realize the mathematical expression of water quality change in the process of microbial treatment of river pollutants. Finally, the numerical simulation model of microbial treatment of river pollution is obtained through experimental analysis, which provides an accurate reference model for the prevention and control of river pollution after the outbreak.

scholarly journals Partisipasi Masyarakat Dalam Rangka Penanggulangan Pencemaran Sungai

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Elvi Roza Syofyan
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Flow ◽  
River Pollution ◽  
Quality Level ◽  
And Control ◽  
Downstream Area ◽  
Control Water

River is a natural and man made watercourse in network of river flow and its water. The use of water in upper catchment will reduce the opportunity in using it downstream the catchment. Pollution in headwater would result in sosial cost in the downstream area. In turn if the society in the upper catchment preserve the river, the society downsteam the catchment will be benefit from it. Water is a natural resouces to fulfill life need of the society. Therefore, it needs to be preserved to benefit life of man as well other living matters. To preserve or attain water quality which can be used sustainably by the society with acceptable water quality level, there needs to preserve and control water by with preservation and mitigation of river pollution.

Research on Water Environmental Capacity of Urban River: A Case Study of Tuohe River in Suzhou City, Northern Anhui Province

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 867-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Ling Huang ◽  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Qi Li ◽  
Dong Sheng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
River Pollution ◽  
Pollution Source ◽  
Residual Water ◽  
Environmental Capacity ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Water Environmental Capacity ◽  
Current Water

Water environmental capacity is an important base for making the river pollution control, weakening the pollution source and realizing the water-function target. Analyses on the present situation of water quality in Suzhou reach of Tuohe River are conducted. The hydrological characteristics, the contamination characteristics and the water environment status were investigated. Combined with the design procedure of the water environment capacity, one-dimensional water quality model was selected to calculate and analyze the water environmental capacity of Tuohe River. The results showed that the water environmental capacity of BOD5 is 1231.16t/a, CODCr is 4289.73t/a and NH3-N is 377.3t/a. The current water quality of Tuohe River was good in general, most of the river’s sections have residual water environmental capacity and it is necessary to carry out total pollution reduction plans (especially for COD) in future with the population growth and socio-economic development.

TEKNOLOGI PENYEDIAAN AIR MINUM UNTUK KEADAAN TANGGAP DARURAT

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arie Herlambang
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Piping System ◽  
Process Technology ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Disaster Victims ◽  
Ultra Filtration ◽  
Quality Water

In the event of natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, landslides, floods and droughts, water occupies a key role in disaster relief. The presence of water is important for drinking, cooking and support the refugee areas of environmental sanitation and avoiding disaster victims of diseases waterborn disease. Water problem in disaster conditions may occur partly as a result: the disturbance of water sources because change of water quality, to become turbid or salty, the destruction of a piping system, treatment plant damage, disruption of distribution systems, or the scarcity of water in evacuation areas. Introduction of water quality becomes important to determine which process technology will be used and saved investments in emergency conditions. Priority handling of clean water usually comes first in the refugee areas with communal system, because the need of water for bathing, washing and toilet is big enough, while for a drink in the early events during disaster dominated by bottled water, but for their long-term, they have to boil water. For remote areas and difficult to reach individuals who usually use  system more simple and easily operated. Water Supply Technology for emergency response has the characteristic 1). Able to operate with all sorts of water conditions (flexible adaptable), 2). Can be operated easily, 3). Does not require much maintenance, 4). Little use of chemicals, and 5). Portable and easy removable (Mobile System). Keywords :  Water Quality, Water Treatment Technology, Drinking Water, Emergency Response, filtration, ceramic filtration, Ultra filtration, Reverse Osmosis, Ultraviolet Sterilizer, Ozonizer, Disinfection.

Mixed Layer Models and Their Application to Water Quality Problems

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 221-232
Author(s):  
M.J. McCormick
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Mixed Layer ◽  
Thermal Structure ◽  
Mass Conservation ◽  
Eddy Diffusion ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Surface Mixed Layer ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Mixing Processes

Abstract Four one-dimensional models which have been used to characterize surface mixed layer (ML) processes and the thermal structure are described. Although most any model can be calibrated to mimic surface water temperatures, it does not imply that the corresponding mixing processes are well described. Eddy diffusion or "K" models can exhibit this problem. If a ML model is to be useful for water quality applications, then it must be able to resolve storm events and, therefore, be able to simulate the ML depth, h, and its time rate of change, dh/dt. A general water quality model is derived from mass conservation principles to demonstrate how ML models can be used in a physically meaningful way to address water quality issues.

Applying the Soil Water Assessment Tool to 5th Canadian Division Support Base Gagetown

2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 372-385
Author(s):  
Shawn Burdett ◽  
Michael Hulley ◽  
Andy Smith
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Sediment Yields ◽  
Soil Water Assessment Tool ◽  
Water Assessment

A hydrologic and water quality model is sought to establish an approach to land management decisions for a Canadian Army training base. Training areas are subjected to high levels of persistent activity creating unique land cover and land-use disturbances. Deforestation, complex road networks, off-road manoeuvres, and vehicle stream crossings are among major anthropogenic activities observed to affect these landscapes. Expanding, preserving and improving the quality of these areas to host training activities for future generations is critical to maintain operational effectiveness. Inclusive to this objective is minimizing resultant environmental degradation, principally in the form of hydrologic fluctuations, excess erosion, and sedimentation of aquatic environments. Application of the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was assessed for its ability to simulate hydrologic and water quality conditions observed in military landscapes at 5th Canadian Division Support Base (5 CDSB) Gagetown, New Brunswick. Despite some limitations, this model adequately simulated three partial years of daily watershed outflow (NSE = 0.47–0.79, R2 = 0.50–0.88) and adequately predicted suspended sediment yields during the observation periods (%d = 6–47%) for one highly disturbed sub-watershed in Gagetown. Further development of this model may help guide decisions to develop or decommission training areas, guide land management practices and prioritize select landscape mitigation efforts.

A STRATEGY FOR MONITORING THE IMPACTS OF COMBINED SEWER OVERFLOWS ON THE OHIO RIVER

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-175
Author(s):  
Alan H. Vicory ◽  
Peter A. Tennant
Keyword(s):  
National Policy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ohio River ◽  
Combined Sewer Overflows ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Design Storm ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
Sewer Overflows ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Control

With the attainment of secondary treatment by virtually all municipal discharges in the United States, control of water pollution from combined sewer overflows (CSOs) has assumed a high priority. Accordingly, a national strategy was issued in 1989 which, in 1993, was expanded into a national policy on CSO control. The national policy establishes as an objective the attainment of receiving water quality standards, rather than a design storm/treatment technology based approach. A significant percentage of the CSOs in the U.S. are located along the Ohio River. The states along the Ohio have decided to coordinate their CSO control efforts through the Ohio River Valley Water Sanitation Commission (ORSANCO). With the Commission assigned the responsibility of developing a monitoring approach which would allow the definition of CSO impacts on the Ohio, research by the Commission found that very little information existed on the monitoring and assessment of large rivers for the determination of CSO impacts. It was therefore necessary to develop a strategy for coordinated efforts by the states, the CSO dischargers, and ORSANCO to identify and apply appropriate monitoring approaches. A workshop was held in June 1993 to receive input from a variety of experts. Taking into account this input, a strategy has been developed which sets forth certain approaches and concepts to be considered in assessing CSO impacts. In addition, the strategy calls for frequent sharing of findings in order that the data collection efforts by the several agencies can be mutually supportive and lead to technically sound answers regarding CSO impacts and control needs.

The effect of type of water supply on water quality in a developing community in South Africa

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Genthe ◽  
N. Strauss ◽  
J. Seager ◽  
C. Vundule ◽  
F. Maforah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Guideline Values ◽  
Developing Communities ◽  
Quality Guideline ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

Efforts to provide water to developing communities in South Africa have resulted in various types of water supplies being used. This study examined the relationship between the type of water supply and the quality of water used. Source (communal taps, private outdoor and indoor taps) and point-of-use water samples were examined for heterotrophic plate counts (HPC), total and faecal coliforms, E. coli, and coliphages. Ten percent of samples were also analysed for enteric viruses, Giardia and Cryptosporidium. Approximately 320 households were included in a case-control study. In addition, a cross-sectional study was conducted. Both studies examined the relationship between different types of water facilities and diarrhoea among pre-school children. The source water was of good microbial quality, but water quality was found to have deteriorated significantly after handling and storage in both case and control households, exceeding drinking water quality guideline values by 1-6 orders of magnitude. Coliphage counts were low for all water samples tested. Enteric viruses and Cryptosporidium oocysts were not detected. Giardia cysts were detected on one occasion in case and control in-house samples. Comparisons of whether in-house water, after handling and storage, complied with water quality guideline values demonstrated households using communal taps to have significantly poorer quality than households using private outdoor or indoor taps for HPC and E. coli (χ2 = 14.9, P = 0.001; χ2 = 6.6, P = 0.04 respectively). A similar trend (although not statistically significant) was observed for the other microbial indicators. The cross-sectional study demonstrated an apparent decrease in health risk associated with private outdoor taps in comparison to communal taps. This study suggests that a private outdoor tap is the minimum level of water supply in order to ensure the supply of safe water to developing communities.

Application of Expert Systems Technology in Water Quality Modeling

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 1045-1056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas O. Barnwell ◽  
Linfield C. Brown ◽  
Wiktor Marek
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Expert Systems ◽  
Knowledge Engineering ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Environmental Modeling ◽  
Water Quality Modeling ◽  
Stream Water Quality ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Available Technology

Computerized modeling is becoming an integral part of decision making in water pollution control. Expert systems is an innovative methodology that can assist in building, using, and interpreting the output of these models. This paper reviews the use and evaluates the potential of expert systems technology in environmental modeling and describes elements of an expert advisor for the stream water quality model QUAL2E. Some general conclusions are presented about the tools available to develop this system, the level of available technology in knowledge-based engineering, and the value of approaching problems from a knowledge engineering perspective.

scholarly journals A Conceptual Model of Measurement Uncertainty in IoT Sensor Networks

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1827
Author(s):  
Piotr Cofta ◽  
Kostas Karatzas ◽  
Cezary Orłowski
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Fitness For Purpose ◽  
Industrial Practice ◽  
Control Networks ◽  
And Control ◽  
Measurement And Control

The growing popularity of inexpensive IoT (Internet of Things) sensor networks makes their uncertainty an important aspect of their adoption. The uncertainty determines their fitness for purpose, their perceived quality and the usefulness of information they provide. Nevertheless, neither the theory nor the industrial practice of uncertainty offer a coherent answer on how to address uncertainty of networks of this type and their components. The primary objective of this paper is to facilitate the discussion of what progress should be made regarding the theory and the practice of uncertainty of IoT sensor networks to satisfy current needs. This paper provides a structured overview of uncertainty, specifically focusing on IoT sensor networks. It positions IoT sensor networks as contrasted with professional measurement and control networks and presents their conceptual sociotechnical reference model. The reference model advises on the taxonomy of uncertainty proposed in this paper that demonstrates semantic differences between various views on uncertainty. This model also allows for identifying key challenges that should be addressed to improve the theory and practice of uncertainty in IoT sensor networks.

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